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training your arms any time that there would be no wind. ("brazzo" = "arm" and "-er(a)" = "a place full of") ("andar de brazza" = "using the arms" meaning "with the power of your hands") ("darghe de brazzo" = "using your strength" rather than skill or cunningness). Thus the name of the boat is related to a specific size and weight and not to any particular shape of the hull or any single type of rigging, this explains the extreme variety of small vessels which are called "brazzera".
414:). These, unlike in Dalmatia, used to be vessels with two masts and with a lateen rig known from the antiquity, at first. Although this type of rig permitted sailing in directions opposite to wind, it would be without exception replaced by other rig types proven to be more efficient. Some photographs, however, indicate that the lateen rig was used even in the 20th century - all the way until sails disappeared from the sea, and were substituted by the motor propulsion.
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491:, today Slovenia. She was built without any machining, entirely as a handwork of old craftsmen and made of quality oak. It was originally in service as a transport ship, transferring mostly stone. In mid 20th century she was given motor propulsion and thus became an 8 knots motor sailboat. She played an important role during the WW II when used for transfer of refugees from Dalmatian islands to
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indicate that bracera was the most convenient vessel for the narrow sea areas between the many (over a thousand) Adriatic islands, for the wavelengths on the East
Adriatic coast, and was suitable for using numerous bays as hideouts from the strong and sudden squalls of the wind as well as the wavy sea.
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Braceras in particular sailed as small coastal sailing ships used for transport of wood for construction and fuel wood, mostly from Senj to the south and the islands, and later for the transport of salt and sand. Braceras also transported wine, olive oil and everything else that was produced on the
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Some argue that the name "bracera" and its other local variants such as "bracijera", "brazzera" or "Brasero" is derived from the fact that these sailing boats were the biggest boats that could be driven by a single oarsman. The term "brazzera" itself indicates sarcastically that you would get tired
239:
As a boat of hardworking practical people braceras often changed through history. The boat designers tended to question rig designs that proved less efficient and replace it with improved new solutions. Similar to the folk saying, only the best was regarded as truthful, indicates professor
Velimir
170:
one being the most prominent and best known. This solid and very mobile boat with wide hips and blunt bow was particularly suitable for commerce and communication between the many islands of the
Adriatic as well as neighboring coasts. Already in the 19th century over 800 of them were listed in the
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shows that the braceras could bear up to three masts (two in the front/prow part of the ship: (1) the first one inclined towards the prow and (2)a lug-rigged in the middle; the third one (3) the bowsprit side by side with the sea). In an old magazine “L’Istria” (1846) by
Casamia Carer, the Rovinj
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river. Many of the land buildings in
Dalmatian region were built thanks to sand excavated by these wooden vessels. One of them was the bracera “Sv. Ivan”. Today, as sand digging is no longer allowed for the sake of preservation of eco-system, these vessels are nowadays often converted to meet the
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The
Istrian braceras are known to have two and in some cases three masts, opposed to the 19th century braceras from Dalmatia that customarily displayed only one mast. A number of these vessels could have been seen in service throughout the Adriatic coast. The function and the usage of the vessel
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With a vast number of small islands and many estates spread across them, it is suggested local
Dalmatian population saw more advantages in building the smaller, more convenient and cheaper bracers instead of bigger and more costly trabakuls and peligs. Other professional and scientific reasoning
332:
as early as the
Antique time. With the weak winds frequent in the Mediterranean basin, the lateen sail quickly replaced other forms of sails as it made sailing against the wind possible. The rig was commonly consisting of the mast, the lanteen with a triangular sail attached to it, the
625:, a great devotee of the sea, boats and maritime heritage. "Our Lady of the Sea" is not a replica of a specific type of bracera in history. The vessel was built as an educational and traditional little boat (10 meters/32.9 feet long) of the out most authenticity, certified by the
240:
Salamon, Croatian expert on traditional boat building. Braceras could have been seen with the lateen sails, the lug or the gaff rig, the jib sails, and in spite of the opinion popular in
Dalmatia in the 19th century, braceras could have two, and in some cases three masts.
284:. The very sail was elevated by the yard (plus the tackle) and was kept in place by the yard halliards and the braces. With a new, small see and changing winds more adequate, type of sails gaining on popularity square sailed braceras became a rarity on the Adriatic.
605:, bracera "Our Lady of the Sea" was launched in April 2011 and is today sailing Dubrovnik waters as excursion and educational boat promoting Croatian maritime heritage. The replica was designed by Croatian expert on traditional boat building, professor
365:
Most sources describe the lug sail as an intermediate step towards the lateen sail, as used in the Indian Ocean. There is speculation that the lateen may have evolved back towards a balanced lug rig, as used in the
Adriatic.
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stayed the most recognizable Rovinj and Northern Adriatic boat, the braciera was important to the extent she was portrayed in the testimonial painting displayed in the St. Maria delle Grazie church in Rovinj.
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The "Roditelj" bracera is the oldest original preserved bracera on the Adriatic and is officially protected as cultural heritage of the Republic of Croatia. "Roditelj" was built back in 1907 in
629:. Today, bracera "Our Lady of the Sea" is successfully presenting and promoting the rich maritime tradition of the Adriatic Sea to the general public while sailing Dubrovnik waters.
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341:(usually placed on the left mast side); a sequence of thin short ropes on the sail for shortening it, the tacking rig used for insuring the front lateen end, and the sheet or
308:. In addition to having a mast braceras had a sprit sail, a pole/bar stretching from the under part of the mast up to the top of the sail and a prow-sprit to place the jib.
635:
507:. After the war, "Roditelj" continued its service as a transfer ship until 1982 when it became an attractive excursion boat. She was damaged in bombardment during the
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changed as its rig and the requirements of the time and the prevailing styles changed as well. The original authentic braceras were in most cases converted into
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Even though every larger shipyard on the Adriatic was building braceras, large number of the Istrian type of braceras were constructed in shipyards of
183:. Unlike there, on the Adriatic the term refers to the entire boat, the system that consists of the hull and the rig as well, and not merely the sail.
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while docked in Dubrovnik after which she was renewed in Korčula shipyard. Today it is owned by a local Tourist Board with its home port being
231:
islands from Istria to Dubrovnik, as well as livestock. In Istria they were also used for fishing and in Dalmatia for pulling out sea sponges.
214:
Others trace the etymology of the word "bracera", historically recorded first as "brazzera", from the Dalmatian island of "Brazza", modern day
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386:) that can be seen in the Maritime Museum in Dubrovnik on an oil painting, was probably constructed in one of the shipyards on the island of
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Despite the lack of a strong scientific proof, it is generally assumed that the Adriatic braceras were at first
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brasiera is portrayed as one of the most voluble witnesses of Rovinj's history. Even though the flat bottomed
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coasts. Adriatic braceras distinguish from the vessels carrying same/similar names like, for example, in the
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Replica of the single masted traditional bracera "Gospa od mora" (eng. "Our Lady of the Sea")
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Traditional Croatian sailing boat "Our Lady of the Sea" sailing with its Lateen sail
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and first recorded in the 16th-century chronicles. Along with its larger sisters -
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rigged . This can be seen even today on the children’s sports boat today known as
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rigged, considering these were amongst the oldest rigs known. Much like the Hansa
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218:, widely recognized as the place of birth of this type of vessel.
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435:, hired to dredge and transport sand from the rock bottom of the
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Official website of the Maritime Adriatic Responsible Tourism.
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and is mentioned in variety of historic documents. The Rovinj
162:, braceras formed the backbone of the commercial fleet on the
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The oldest surviving bracera "Roditelj" (eng. "The Parent")
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The lug rigged single mast bracera from the island of Brač
878:(Spring). University of Hawai'i Press: 23. Archived from
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Boats of the World: From the Stone Age to Medieval Times
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waters with a unique one masted bracera replica called
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The gaff rigged single mast bracera/ Dubrovnik bracera
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aiming to promote Croatian maritime heritage through
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fleet register covering vessels of the Dalmatian and
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Raising lateen sail on bracera "Our Lady of the Sea"
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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256:In the beginning the braceras were presumably
928:Official website of the Bračera Association.
328:style triangular shaped sail was used in the
320:The single mast bracerae with the lateen sail
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527:Old photo of "Roditelj" with a gaff rigging
460:-Rovigno the bracera was also known as the
296:The single mast bracera with the sprit sail
150:coastal cargo sailing vessel originated in
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452:The three mast bracera from Rovinj-Rovigno
402:The two mast lateen rigged Istrian bracera
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551:"Roditelj" docked in Gruž port, Dubrovnik
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
909:, Oxford University Press, p. 480,
426:The two mast gaff rigged Istrian bracera
390:and is portrayed with the gaff rigging.
349:for keeping in place the back sail end.
252:The single mast bracera with square sail
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517:
617:by a traditional boat shipbuilder Mr.
515:, a small town on the island of Brač.
793:European Maritime Heritage Newsletter
665:The interior of "Our Lady of the Sea"
627:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
141:
7:
948:Gamulin, Ljubo. "Povratak bracere."
47:adding citations to reliable sources
421:A double masted gaff rigged bracera
315:A single masted lateen sail bracera
247:A single masted square sail bracera
16:Traditional Croatian sailing vessel
869:"The Lateen Sail in World History"
601:Commissioned on Christmas 2005 by
499:from where they would continue to
456:In the small Istrian fishing town
356:A single masted lug rigged bracera
291:A single masted sprit sail bracera
14:
930:Bračera Association (In Croatian)
677:"Our Lady of the sea" sailing on
575:Double masted Istrian bracera in
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653:Deck details with a pair of oars
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621:while her first captain was Mr.
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952:114 (2011): 74-79 (in Croatian)
539:The two mast bracera "Roditelj"
397:A double masted Istrian bracera
34:needs additional citations for
447:A triple masted Rovinj bracera
1:
966:Bracera "Our Lady of the Sea"
857:48 (2011): 90-94 (In English)
784:Salamon, Velimir (May 2011).
705:Bracera "Our Lady of the Sea"
378:type bracera “St. Nicholas” (
337:for raising the lanteen, the
276:, square sail braceras had a
563:Bracera "Roditelj" anchored
845:On the trail of lost values
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939:Retrieved 10 November 2012
834:Retrieved 10 November 2012
992:(in English and Croatian)
982:The Dolphin Dream Society
969:(in English and Croatian)
935:December 1, 2011, at the
850:January 31, 2013, at the
795:(27): 4–6. Archived from
740:The Dolphin Dream Society
603:The Dolphin Dream Society
188:The Dolphin Dream Society
876:Journal of World History
867:Campbell, I.C. (1995).
786:"The Croatian Brazzera"
693:Istrian bracera in 1926
591:Istrian bracera in 1926
903:McGrail, Seán (2004),
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196:"Our Lady of the Sea"
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855:Livingstone Magazine
802:on 21 September 2018
609:, was hand-built in
440:demands of tourism.
222:Advantages and usage
43:improve this article
974:Bračera Association
200:responsible tourism
146:) is a traditional
143:[ˈbratsera]
987:2015-05-21 at the
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235:Types of bracera
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99:November 2016
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
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887:. Retrieved
880:the original
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825:Maritima ART
804:. Retrieved
797:the original
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735:Adriatic Sea
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579:harbour 1962
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
806:10 November
433:salbunijeri
268:boat type (
1001:Categories
889:2016-11-23
746:References
725:Trabaccolo
384:Sv. Nikola
181:Aegean Sea
139:pronounced
69:newspapers
376:Dubrovnik
192:Dubrovnik
166:with one
156:trabakuls
58:"Bracera"
985:Archived
933:Archived
848:Archived
828:Archived
730:Dalmatia
699:See also
509:'90s war
501:El Shatt
466:braciera
462:braciera
412:Slovenia
380:Croatian
335:halliard
306:Optimist
270:Croatian
152:Dalmatia
148:Adriatic
135:brazzera
715:Falkuša
513:Supetar
388:Korčula
186:Today,
177:Istrian
131:bracera
83:scholar
913:
720:Batana
615:Murter
611:Betina
471:batana
458:Rovinj
437:Cetina
339:parrel
326:lateen
280:and a
258:square
206:Origin
168:masted
160:peligs
85:
78:
71:
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883:(PDF)
872:(PDF)
800:(PDF)
789:(PDF)
679:Mljet
577:Piran
505:Egypt
497:Italy
489:Piran
408:Piran
347:škota
324:The
302:sprit
266:kogge
262:sprit
90:JSTOR
76:books
911:ISBN
808:2012
681:lake
493:Bari
374:The
343:poža
282:boom
278:yard
274:koka
216:Brač
158:and
62:news
260:or
133:or
45:by
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129:A
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