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in time, and periodically the control solution is subtracted from the perturbed solution. This difference is the bred vector. The vector is scaled to be the same size as the initial perturbation and is then added back to the control to create the new perturbed initial condition. After a short
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transient period, this "breeding" process creates bred vectors dominated by the naturally fastest-growing instabilities of the evolving control solution.
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Toth, Zoltan; Kalnay, Eugenia (December 1993). "Ensemble
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163:(Second ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: American Meteorological Society.
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24:. Red indicates the fastest-growing bred vectors while blue the slowest.
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Bred vectors are created by adding initially random perturbations to a
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10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<2317:EFANTG>2.0.CO;2
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