Knowledge (XXG)

Bristol Mercury

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boost pressure than the existing 87-octane fuel, thus increasing the power. The Mercury XV was one of the first British aero engines to be type-tested and cleared to use the 100-octane fuel in 1939. This engine was capable of running with a boost pressure of +9 lbs/sq.in (0.62 bar) and was first
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to the aviation industry in order to improve altitude performance, Fedden felt it was reasonable to use a small amount of boost at all times in order to improve performance of an otherwise smaller engine. Instead of designing an entirely new block, the existing Jupiter parts were re-used with the
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Almost 21,000 engines were produced, with a number also being built under license elsewhere in Europe. Several examples remain airworthy, with other preserved examples on public display in
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stroke reduced by one inch (25 mm). The smaller capacity engine was then boosted back to Jupiter power levels, while running at higher rpm and thus requiring a reduction gear for the
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Allied Aircraft Piston Engines of World War II: History and Development of Frontline Aircraft Piston Engines Produced by Great Britain and the United States During World War II
2403: 1893: 1491: 2039: 2413: 251:, but as the power ratings of both engines rose, the Mercury was used in almost all roles. Perhaps its most famous use was in a twin-engine 1886: 2408: 1484: 1455: 1439: 1417: 1402: 1387: 1373: 1359: 864: 1325: 2032: 286: 1879: 1118: 1066: 1031: 881: 511:(1938) 825 hp (615 kW), developed from Mercury VIII. Converted to run on 100 Octane fuel (previously 87 Octane). 46: 2090: 1703: 1477: 2025: 807: 20: 1830: 899: 1694: 1515: 1500: 1179: 665: 548: 201: 162: 69: 1729: 1709: 1201: 2048: 1860: 1820: 1762: 1719: 927: 888: 868: 1825: 906: 547:(1945) 810 hp (600 kW), Mercury 30 with carburettor modifications and fixed pitch propeller for 278:
The Mercury was also the first British aero engine to be approved for use with variable-pitch propellers.
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was reaching the end of its lifespan. Although the Mercury initially failed to attract much interest, the
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it was used to power both civil and military aircraft of the 1930s and 1940s. Developed from the earlier
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The Fighter Collection, also currently based at Duxford Airfield, operate a 1939 Gloster Gladiator II (
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produced 20,700 examples of the engine. Outside the United Kingdom, Mercury was licence-built by
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Bristol Mercury V is in running condition mounted on last PZL P.11 fighter at the
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Unsuccessful experimental short stroke (5.0 in) version, 390 hp (290 kW)
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eventually funded three prototypes and it became another winner for the designer
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List from Lumsden, the Mercury may not be the main powerplant for these types
463:(1935) 825 hp (615 kW), compression ratio 6.25:1, lightened engine. 2364: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 1739: 1459: 1174: 910: 541:(1941) 810 hp (600 kW), Mercury XX with crankshaft modifications. 529:(1941) 825 hp (615 kW), Mercury XV with crankshaft modifications. 2017: 1871: 2336: 2100: 2085: 1685: 1681: 755: 314: 290: 1366:
World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines: From the Pioneers to the Present Day
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in Sweden and used in the Swedish Gloster Gladiator fighters and in the
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from the US. This new fuel would allow aero engines to run at higher
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535 hp, second use of VIIIA designation, (became the Pegasus IU.2P)
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In 1938 Roy Fedden pressed the Air Ministry to import supplies of
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825 hp (615 kW), Mercury 25 with modified carburettor.
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Another example of a Bristol Mercury VII is on display at the
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www.aircraftrestorationcompany.com Retrieved: 24 January 2022
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http://fighter-collection.com/cft/gloster-gladiator-g-glad/
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http://fighter-collection.com/cft/gloster-gladiator-g-glad/
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is a British nine-cylinder, air-cooled, single-row, piston
451:(1928) 575 hp (429 kW) (became the Pegasus IU.2) 389:(1929) 485 hp (362 kW), 0.656:1 reduction gear 1017:
Overhead valve, 4 valves per cylinder – 2 intake and 2
247:. It was intended that the larger Pegasus would be for 1434:(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Patrick Stephens Limited. 1412:. Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE International, 1995. 1302:
Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum - Westland Lysander
1382:. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. 867:
has a Lysander IIIA in flying condition as does the
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636 hp (474 kW) at 2,750 rpm at 15,500 ft (4,730 m)
485:(1935) 825 hp (615 kW), lightened engine. 457:
560 hp (420 kW) (became the Pegasus IM.2)
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546 hp (407 kW) (became the Pegasus IS.2)
837:also operate a Mercury powered Westland Lysander ( 950:Nine-cylinder single-row supercharged air-cooled 894:A sectioned Bristol Mercury is on display at the 810:operates two Bristol Mercury powered aircraft: A 1316:www.vintagewings.ca Retrieved: 22 September 2010 338:(1926) 808 hp (603 kW), direct drive. 45:Preserved Bristol Mercury VII on display at the 1397:. London: Crécy Publishing, 2nd edition 2005. 826:) which can be seen during flying displays at 2033: 1887: 1485: 1304:www.warplane.com Retrieved: 22 September 2010 8: 880:A Bristol Mercury VII is on display at the 2040: 2026: 2018: 1894: 1880: 1872: 1677: 1525: 1492: 1478: 1470: 833:The Aircraft Restoration Company based at 435:(1931) 605 hp (451 kW), 'P' for 2404:Aircraft air-cooled radial piston engines 1456:Recorded sound of the Mercury V S2 engine 1380:British Piston Engines and Their Aircraft 1352:Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II. 169:engine, later variants could produce 800 1395:The Bristol Blenheim: A Complete History 1368:. 5th edition, Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2006. 1093:612 hp (457 kW) at 2,750 rpm for takeoff 235:The Mercury's smaller size was aimed at 1218: 301:dive-bomber. In Italy, it was built by 926:Bristol Mercury VII on display at the 27: 7: 427:Side view showing valve gear detail. 219:With the widespread introduction of 1243:List from Lumsden 2003, pp. 104–108 860:) powered by a Bristol Mercury XX. 473:gear for the Gloster Gladiator MkII 1432:Development of Piston Aero Engines 348:(1928) 420 hp (310 kW), 14: 1314:Vintage Wings - Westland Lysander 865:Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum 504:(1937) 820 hp (610 kW) 383:Minor modification of Mercury III 200:The Mercury was developed by the 523:(1940) 810 hp (600 kW) 497:(1937) 820 hp (610 kW) 491:(1937) 820 hp (610 kW) 445:(1933) 605 hp (451 kW) 419:(1933) 605 hp (451 kW) 401:(1932) 510 hp (380 kW) 395:(1931) 510 hp (380 kW) 358:(1928) 440 hp (330 kW) 36: 1234:Bridgman (Jane's) 1998, p. 270. 1225:Warner 2005, pp. 100, 112, 135. 1123:0.49 lb/(hp·h) (300 g/kWh) 293:fighters. It was also built by 564:The Mercury powered Fokker G.1 313:. In Finland, it was built by 1: 2414:1920s aircraft piston engines 1032:centrifugal type supercharger 918:Specifications (Mercury VI-S) 882:Royal Air Force Museum London 47:Royal Air Force Museum London 1530:Horizontally opposed engines 1326:RAF Museum - Bristol Mercury 1274:Aircraft Restoration Company 281:The Bristol company and its 275:used in the Blenheim Mk IV. 1262:The Shuttleworth Collection 808:The Shuttleworth Collection 666:General Aircraft Hamilcar X 21:Bristol Mercury (newspaper) 2430: 1350:Bridgman, L, (ed.) (1998) 1292:Retrieved 24 January 2022. 1264:Retrieved: 24 January 2022 1180:Pratt & Whitney R-1340 1077:, 0.5:1, left hand tractor 962:5.75 in (146 mm) 907:Muzeum Lotnictwa Polskiego 853:as well as across the UK. 289:in Poland and used in the 287:Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze 264:100 octane aviation spirit 181:(25 L) by use of a geared 18: 1516:Bristol Aeroplane Company 1119:Specific fuel consumption 971:6.5 in (165 mm) 517:830 hp (620 kW) 469:Mercury VIII fitted with 372:Mercury license built by 202:Bristol Aeroplane Company 163:Bristol Aeroplane Company 70:Bristol Aeroplane Company 44: 35: 30: 2409:Bristol aircraft engines 2059:License produced engines 1328:Retrieved: 4 August 2009 1288:The Fighter Collection] 1202:List of aircraft engines 1132:0.63 hp/lb (1.04 kW/kg) 1105:0.4 hp/in³ (18.35 kW/L) 942:General characteristics 928:Shuttleworth Collection 889:Shuttleworth Collection 869:Vintage Wings of Canada 243:and its successor, the 239:use and it powered the 173:(600 kW) from its 1430:Gunston, Bill (2006). 930: 565: 428: 404:Mercury (Short stroke) 376: 196:Design and development 1128:Power-to-weight ratio 925: 812:Westland Lysander III 776:Supermarine Sea Otter 563: 426: 371: 305:as the Mercurius. In 19:For another use, see 1337:Lumsden 2003, p.105. 896:Fleet Air Arm Museum 828:Old Warden Aerodrome 791:Westland Interceptor 1142:Related development 820:Gloster Gladiator I 686:Gloster Gnatsnapper 596:Bristol Bolingbroke 471:gun synchronisation 317:and mainly used on 1159:Comparable engines 992:51.5 in (1,307 mm) 980:1,520 in³ (24.9 L) 931: 875:Engines on display 843:Bristol Blenheim I 803:Airworthy examples 586:Boulton Paul P.108 576:Airspeed Cambridge 566: 429: 377: 268:compression ratios 95:Major applications 2391: 2390: 2015: 2014: 1869: 1868: 1839: 1838: 1658: 1657: 1110:Compression ratio 1075:epicyclic gearing 796:Westland Lysander 676:Gloster Gladiator 651:Fairey Flycatcher 350:compression ratio 245:Gloster Gladiator 204:in 1925 as their 147: 146: 104:Gloster Gladiator 2421: 2052:aircraft engines 2042: 2035: 2028: 2019: 1896: 1889: 1882: 1873: 1678: 1664:Bristol Siddeley 1526: 1505:Bristol Siddeley 1494: 1487: 1480: 1471: 1445: 1338: 1335: 1329: 1323: 1317: 1311: 1305: 1299: 1293: 1283: 1277: 1271: 1265: 1259: 1253: 1250: 1244: 1241: 1235: 1232: 1226: 1223: 986:47 in (1,194 mm) 835:Duxford Airfield 830:, Bedfordshire. 736:Koolhoven F.K.52 681:Gloster Gauntlet 671:Gloster Gamecock 636:Bristol Type 148 631:Bristol Type 146 626:Bristol Type 142 621:Bristol Type 133 616:Bristol Type 118 611:Bristol Type 101 591:Bristol Blenheim 340:Schneider Trophy 319:Bristol Blenheim 309:it was built by 283:shadow factories 257:Bristol Blenheim 241:Gloster Gauntlet 190:aviation museums 138: 126: 116: 100:Bristol Blenheim 96: 40: 28: 2429: 2428: 2424: 2423: 2422: 2420: 2419: 2418: 2394: 2393: 2392: 2387: 2359: 2331: 2228: 2207: 2156: 2135:Opposed engines 2130: 2054: 2046: 2016: 2011: 1908: 1900: 1870: 1865: 1835: 1806: 1782: 1758:Coupled Proteus 1734: 1669: 1654: 1607: 1543: 1518: 1510: 1498: 1452: 1442: 1429: 1426: 1424:Further reading 1408:White, Graham. 1378:Lumsden, Alec. 1364:Gunston, Bill. 1347: 1342: 1341: 1336: 1332: 1324: 1320: 1312: 1308: 1300: 1296: 1284: 1280: 1272: 1268: 1260: 1256: 1251: 1247: 1242: 1238: 1233: 1229: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1185:Shvetsov ASh-62 1153:Bristol Pegasus 1148:Bristol Jupiter 1139: 1090: 1084: 1060:Cooling system: 1021:-filled exhaust 1008: 1001:966 lb (438 kg) 944: 920: 877: 841:) as well as a 805: 800: 606:Bristol Bullpup 601:Bristol Bulldog 558: 327: 206:Bristol Jupiter 198: 151:Bristol Mercury 142:Bristol Pegasus 136: 130:Bristol Jupiter 124: 114: 106: 102: 94: 24: 17: 16:Aircraft engine 12: 11: 5: 2427: 2425: 2417: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2396: 2395: 2389: 2388: 2386: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2369: 2367: 2361: 2360: 2358: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2341: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2238: 2236: 2234:Radial engines 2230: 2229: 2227: 2226: 2221: 2215: 2213: 2209: 2208: 2206: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2164: 2162: 2161:Inline engines 2158: 2157: 2155: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2131: 2129: 2128: 2123: 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1073: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030:Single-speed 1029: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1014: 1010: 1009: 1005: 1000: 998: 994: 991: 988: 985: 982: 979: 977: 973: 970: 968: 964: 961: 959: 955: 953: 952:radial engine 949: 946: 945: 941: 939: 938: 935: 929: 924: 917: 912: 908: 904: 901: 897: 893: 890: 886: 883: 879: 878: 874: 872: 870: 866: 861: 859: 854: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 831: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 802: 797: 794: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 781:Valmet Vihuri 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 721:Hawker Hoopoe 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 582: 579: 577: 574: 573: 571: 570: 562: 555: 550: 546: 543: 540: 537: 534: 531: 528: 525: 522: 519: 516: 513: 510: 507: 506: 505: 499: 496: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 476:Mercury VIIIA 475: 472: 468: 466:Mercury VIIIA 465: 462: 459: 456: 453: 450: 447: 444: 442:Mercury VIS.2 441: 438: 434: 431: 430: 425: 418: 415: 412: 409: 406: 403: 400: 398:Mercury IVS.2 397: 394: 391: 388: 385: 382: 379: 378: 375: 370: 363: 360: 357: 354: 351: 347: 344: 342:racing engine 341: 337: 334: 333: 332: 331: 324: 322: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 279: 276: 273: 269: 265: 260: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 233: 231: 227: 222: 221:superchargers 217: 215: 211: 207: 203: 195: 193: 191: 186: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 155:radial engine 152: 143: 140: 135: 134: 131: 128: 123: 122: 118: 113: 112: 109: 105: 101: 98: 93: 92: 88: 85: 84: 81: 78: 75: 74: 71: 68: 66:Manufacturer 65: 64: 61: 58: 55: 52: 51: 48: 43: 39: 34: 29: 26: 22: 2317:Super Castor 2212:V-12 engines 2080: 2007:Colombo S.63 2002:Colombo S.53 1986: 1906:aero engines 1861:Gordon Lewis 1695:Gyron Junior 1613:Sleeve valve 1577: 1508:aero engines 1431: 1409: 1394: 1379: 1365: 1351: 1345:Bibliography 1333: 1321: 1309: 1297: 1281: 1269: 1257: 1248: 1239: 1230: 1221: 1195: 1194: 1158: 1157: 1141: 1140: 1126: 1117: 1108: 1099: 1087: 1065: 1059: 1047: 1037:Fuel system: 1036: 1026:Supercharger 1024: 1011: 995: 989: 983: 976:Displacement 974: 965: 956: 947: 936: 933: 932: 862: 857: 855: 846: 838: 832: 823: 815: 806: 751:Miles Master 696:Hawker Audax 656:Fokker D XXI 568: 567: 556:Applications 503: 460:Mercury VIII 454:Mercury VIIA 432:Mercury VISP 380:Mercury IIIA 329: 328: 280: 277: 272:supercharger 261: 253:light bomber 234: 218: 210:Air Ministry 199: 187: 183:supercharger 179:cubic inches 150: 148: 115:Number built 108:Fokker D.XXI 25: 1744:Turboshafts 1674:(1959-1966) 1667:gas turbine 1522:(1920-1956) 1393:Warner, G. 1082:Performance 1043:carburettor 851:IWM Duxford 716:Hawker Hind 711:Hawker Hart 706:Hawker Fury 641:Breda Ba.27 514:Mercury XVI 500:Mercury XII 448:Mercury VIA 416:Mercury VIS 392:Mercury IVA 361:Mercury III 355:Mercury IIA 60:aero engine 2398:Categories 2365:Turboprops 1903:Alfa Romeo 1851:Roy Fedden 1740:Turboprops 1354:Crescent. 1208:References 1062:Air-cooled 1048:Fuel type: 1013:Valvetrain 1006:Components 997:Dry weight 741:Letov Š-31 731:IMAM Ro.30 661:Fokker G.1 549:Hamilcar X 544:Mercury 31 538:Mercury 30 532:Mercury 26 526:Mercury 25 520:Mercury XX 508:Mercury XV 494:Mercury XI 482:Mercury IX 386:Mercury IV 345:Mercury II 303:Alfa Romeo 214:Roy Fedden 171:horsepower 159:Roy Fedden 86:First run 80:Roy Fedden 2337:Turbojets 2066:Jumo IV C 1987:Mercurius 1844:Designers 1686:Turbofans 1682:Turbojets 1630:Centaurus 1460:PZL P.11c 1175:Bramo 323 990:Diameter: 934:Data from 488:Mercury X 410:Mercury V 335:Mercury I 321:bombers. 226:propeller 177:of 1,500 76:Designer 2224:Minor 12 1704:variants 1635:Hercules 1458:used in 1137:See also 818:) and a 756:PZL P.11 325:Variants 315:Tampella 291:PZL P.11 175:capacity 31:Mercury 2307:Regulus 2297:Polaris 2219:Sagitta 2203:Minor 6 2198:Minor 4 2188:Major 6 2183:Major 4 2091:Mistral 2071:Jupiter 1997:RA 1050 1992:RA 1000 1977:Jupiter 1831:Stentor 1788:Ramjets 1778:Theseus 1773:Proteus 1725:Phoebus 1715:Pegasus 1710:Orpheus 1702: ( 1700:Olympus 1645:Perseus 1598:Phoenix 1593:Pegasus 1583:Neptune 1578:Mercury 1573:Lucifer 1568:Jupiter 1501:Bristol 1466:format) 1170:BMW 132 1165:BMW 114 984:Length: 937:Lumsden 766:Saab 17 299:Saab 17 249:bombers 237:fighter 230:Pegasus 167:Jupiter 161:of the 119:20,700 2312:Scolar 2302:Pollux 2292:Mars I 2282:Castor 2267:NZ 120 2193:Mikron 2178:Junior 2126:W-VIII 2081:Merkur 2049:Walter 1821:BS.605 1763:Nimbus 1753:BS.360 1720:BS.100 1650:Taurus 1625:Aquila 1539:Cherub 1438:  1416:  1401:  1386:  1372:  1358:  1072:Farman 1055:petrol 1052:Octane 1019:sodium 967:Stroke 911:Kraków 858:G-GLAD 847:G-BPIV 839:G-CCOM 824:G-AMRK 816:G-AZWT 761:PZL.50 437:Persia 255:, the 57:Piston 2327:Venus 2287:Gemma 2272:Atlas 2262:NZ 95 2257:NZ 90 2252:NZ 85 2247:NZ 60 2242:NZ 40 2173:M 337 2168:M 332 2121:W-VII 2101:W-III 2096:Pegas 1826:Gamma 1768:Orion 1730:Viper 1640:Orion 1603:Titan 1588:Orion 1563:Hydra 1558:Draco 1213:Notes 948:Type: 569:Note: 374:NOHAB 352:5.3:1 330:Note: 295:NOHAB 89:1925 53:Type 2383:M602 2378:M601 2355:M701 2322:Vega 2277:Bora 2152:M208 2147:M202 2142:Atom 2116:W-VI 2106:W-IV 2086:Mira 2076:Mars 1982:Lynx 1802:Odin 1797:Thor 1670:and 1436:ISBN 1414:ISBN 1399:ISBN 1384:ISBN 1370:ISBN 1356:ISBN 958:Bore 863:The 270:and 149:The 2373:H80 2350:M06 2345:M05 2111:W-V 1972:136 1967:135 1962:129 1957:128 1952:126 1947:125 1942:122 1937:121 1932:115 1927:110 1464:MP3 1114:6:1 1050:87 909:in 2400:: 1922:D2 1742:/ 1684:/ 1503:/ 898:, 871:. 259:. 232:. 216:. 192:. 185:. 2041:e 2034:t 2027:v 1895:e 1888:t 1881:v 1814:: 1790:: 1746:: 1706:) 1688:: 1618:: 1551:: 1532:: 1493:e 1486:t 1479:v 1462:( 1444:. 1405:. 1390:. 1130:: 1121:: 1112:: 1103:: 1069:: 1028:: 1015:: 999:: 978:: 969:: 960:: 913:. 902:. 891:. 884:. 845:( 822:( 814:( 551:. 439:. 23:.

Index

Bristol Mercury (newspaper)

Royal Air Force Museum London
Piston
aero engine
Bristol Aeroplane Company
Roy Fedden
Bristol Blenheim
Gloster Gladiator
Fokker D.XXI
Bristol Jupiter
Bristol Pegasus
radial engine
Roy Fedden
Bristol Aeroplane Company
Jupiter
horsepower
capacity
cubic inches
supercharger
aviation museums
Bristol Aeroplane Company
Bristol Jupiter
Air Ministry
Roy Fedden
superchargers
propeller
Pegasus
fighter
Gloster Gauntlet

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