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orchestras, once common in hotels, seaside resorts and theatres were gradually lost in favour of recorded music. The BBC began to discard its archive of light music, much of which was saved by composer Ernest
Tomlinson and is now kept at his Library of Light Orchestral Music. However, the genre was
733:
During the 1960s, the style began to fall out of fashion on radio and television, forcing many light composers to refocus their energy on writing more serious works or music for film. Robert Farnon completed several symphonies in the later part of his life, as well as composing for television, for
435:
pace and has a jaunty, cheery feel. Light music pieces are usually presented individually or as movements within a suite, and are often given individual descriptive titles. These titles can sometimes be unusual or idiosyncratic, such as
337:
began to emerge in the 19th century. The Boston Pops was founded in 1885 as a second, popular identity of the Boston
Symphony Orchestra (BSO), founded four years earlier. They commissioned light pieces by composers such as
398:
violins". Lyndon
Jenkins describes the genre as "original orchestral pieces, often descriptive but in many cases simply three or four minutes of music with an arresting main theme and a contrasting middle section."
232:
In the UK, the light-music genre has its origin in the seaside and theatrical orchestras that flourished in
Britain during the 19th and early 20th century. These played a wide repertoire of music, from
1453:
402:
David Ades suggests that "it is generally agreed that it occupies a position between classical and popular music, yet its boundaries are often blurred". He goes on to cite broadcaster
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533:
as a company): back in the 1950s, the 1960s and the 1970s, the background music were light orchestral arrangements of popular music played in shops, hotels and airlines.
382:. This is certainly a major feature of the genre, although the creation of distinctive musical textures in scoring is another aim, for example the close harmony of
905:
There are hundreds of composers who can be considered to have written "light music", although composers who overall focussed primarily on lighter works include
775:
During the 1990s, the genre began to be re-discovered and original remastered recordings by orchestras such as the Queen's Hall Light
Orchestra were issued on
810:
broadcast an evening of light music as part of a themed evening celebrating
British culture between 1945 and 1955, which included Brian Kay's documentary
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kept in the public consciousness by its use in advertisements and television programmes, often used as a nostalgic evocation of the 1940s and 1950s.
1824:
1469:
1137:
837:. This included events in London, Manchester, Cardiff and Glasgow, from both professional and amateur ensembles, including a live revival of
123:, usually shorter orchestral pieces and suites designed to appeal to a wider context and audience than more sophisticated forms such as the
1604:
1412:
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and has become synonymous with the film and the mission itself. Other Coates works used as theme music include "Calling All
Workers" for
229:'s "Valse Septembre"). These influenced the foundation of a "lighter" tradition of classical music in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
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821:
In the UK, US and Canada, light music can still be heard on some of the radio channels that specialise in classical music: for example
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In keeping with this tradition of levity, pieces can also feature musical jokes at the expense of more "serious" works, such as
1942:
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of the time. From this tradition came many specially written shorter orchestral pieces designed to appeal to a wider audience.
900:
607:
541:, a format of broadcasting music in big time blocks without interruptions or ads thanks to subscriptions by local businesses.
198:
as for their symphonies and operas. Later examples of early
European light music include the operettas of composers such as
119:, which originated in the 18th and 19th centuries and continues today. Its heyday was in the mid‑20th century. The style is
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1937:
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to write original works, along with theatre music, film music and arrangements of popular music and show tunes.
740:. The light composers' skills of classical orchestration and arrangement were appreciated by composers such as
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234:
1789:, memories of many vintage BBC radio light music programmes and the lives and careers of some of the musicians
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494:, although with the exception of Mancini these composers are better known for their arrangements rather than
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423:'s "Runaway Rocking Horse". The genre's other popular title "mood music" is a reference to pieces such as
194:
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Often, the pieces represent a mood, place, person or object, for example Farnon's "Portrait of a Flirt",
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in Mexico. A nationwide participatory festival of light music called "Light
Fantastic" was organised by
788:
780:
619:
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original compositions. As a result of this association, the music is sometimes linked to the genres of
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for use in film, radio and television, and as a result, many light music compositions are familiar as
1927:
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orchestral trends of length and scope separated the trajectory of lighter orchestral works from the
57:, the last surviving professional seaside orchestra, giving a concert of light music in August 2009.
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for the first time. This was followed by new recordings of light music by orchestras such as the
683:
637:
506:, but light music generally does not feature vocals, synthesisers or popular music instruments.
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162:
139:
1409:
977:. Each of these composers worked during the "golden age" of light music from roughly 1920–1960.
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who said that light music was "not just tuneful round the outside, but tuneful right through."
221:
and his family. The
Straussian waltz became a common light music composition (note for example
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Coates was also commissioned to write original marches for television stations including the "
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in the 1960s, or Edward White's "Puffin' Billy" being the theme to both the BBC radio series
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became famous for concluding his otherwise serious orchestral concerts with what he termed
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390:'s "cascading string" effect, which later became associated with the "sustained hum of
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and Vancouver Island's Palm Court Light Orchestra. The style also found a new home on
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in the 1920s the style found an ideal outlet. This increased after the launch of the
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from a factory in Irlam near Manchester, several light music concerts from the
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genre. Light music was popular in the United Kingdom, the United States and in
1255:
Elevator Music: A Surreal History of Muzak, Easy-listening, and Other Moodsong
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Eric Coates' marches in particular were popular choices as theme music. The "
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Many orchestras specialising in playing light music were disbanded. Small
626:'s "Music Everywhere". Other noteworthy television startup themes include
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in June 2011 as part of the 60th anniversary celebrations of the 1951
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1774:, offers detailed biographies of notable light music composers and
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stated that the main distinction of light music is its emphasis on
284:" held in London pleasure gardens, a similar spirit embued many of
1886:
1797:
1021:
871:) is now often used in spoofs of 1950s action programmes, such as
530:
357:
189:
132:
1802:
591:", possibly his most famous work, was used as the title theme to
138:
Light music was especially popular during the formative years of
1806:
441:
303:
1208:
Brian Kay: "Music Everywhere" (2005 BBC Television programme)
252:
wrote a number of popular works in this medium, such as the "
146:(1945–1967) playing almost exclusively "light" compositions.
1088:"Other mainstreams: light music and easy listening, 1920–70"
517:
created for commercial background music players such as the
1738:
biographies of notable light music composers and arrangers.
526:
1130:
Johann Strauss - Father and Son - A Century of Light Music
366:'s autobiography, featuring a facsimile of a motif in his
1677:"Light Fantastic – a nationwide festival of light music"
370:. Coates is often considered the "King of Light Music"
877:
The Surprising Adventures of Sir Digby Chicken-Caesar
1076:
November 2002, pp.34–38, accessed 12 September 2011.
192:
won as much fame for writing lighter pieces such as
302:With the introduction of radio broadcasting by the
86:
78:
62:
41:
1319:, Robert Farnon Society, accessed 15 November 2010
550:In the 1950s and 1960s many light composers wrote
1646:
1644:
1234:"Brian Kay in conversation with Ernest Tomlinson"
27:British musical style of "light" orchestral music
1541:, a former light music programme on BBC Radio 3.
1094:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 307–335,
1092:The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Music
857:in radio and television programmes, for example
845:and a number of documentaries about the genre.
1194:Proms 2010: Last Night of the Proms 1910 Style
752:asked to help orchestrate his film scores for
1818:
8:
1257:. University of Michigan Press. p. 80.
1204:
1202:
1090:, in Cook, Nicholas; Pople, Anthony (eds.),
1380:, Classic Themes, accessed 15 November 2010
1368:, Music Makes Me, accessed 15 November 2010
1338:, Classical Midi, accessed 15 November 2010
1248:
1246:
1057:Light Music in Britain Since 1870: A Survey
529:) as well as the works of Muzak Orchestra (
1825:
1811:
1803:
1070:British light music: sound good, feel good
689:Several pieces of light music are used on
633:Granada Preludes, Call Signs and End Music
509:It can also sometimes be grouped with the
47:
38:
1787:Brian Reynolds' Masters of Melody website
1294:"Edward White: The Runaway Rocking Horse"
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1184:EMI CD CDM 7 63412 2, published in 1991.
693:to the present day, with Eric Coates's "
157:, light music is often grouped with the
1781:Philip Scowcroft's "Garland" collection
1748:Philip Scowcroft's "Garland" collection
1276:
1274:
1048:
853:Light music is also frequently used as
482:The genre is often associated with the
217:genres; and the waltzes and marches of
537:The same goes to the association with
486:orchestral arrangements of Mantovani,
310:in 1945, featuring programmes such as
1539:"Brian Kay's Light Programme" website
879:sketches. Mitchell and Webb also use
470:in the style of Tchaikovsky's ballet
7:
1765:, a weekly light music programme on
1218:Eric Coates: The King of Light Music
546:As film, radio and television themes
1763:Brian Kay's Light Programme website
1575:"The Lost Decade Programme Guide 2"
1488:"Library of Light–Orchestral Music"
605:and "Halcyon Days" as the theme to
30:For the form of bagpipe music, see
1510:"The Queen's Hall Light Orchestra"
1498:from the original on 13 July 2011.
1353:http://thompsonian.info/fenby.html
1282:The Great British Light Experience
1171:. Foreword to Philip L Scowcroft,
566:, used by the BBC as the theme to
115:is a less-serious form of Western
25:
1798:London Light Music Meetings Group
578:and the CBS children's programme
374:The British light music composer
622:'s "Sound and Vision March" and
1390:Jonathan Glancey (6 May 2003).
1284:, EMI, 1997 (724356667624), p.4
865:" (once famous as the theme to
901:Category:Light music composers
887:" as the theme music of their
184:, classical composers such as
1:
1711:, URL accessed 9 January 2014
1697:Sir Digby Chicken Caesar Tune
1100:10.1017/chol9780521662567.014
280:. Influenced by the earlier "
1348:Fenby: Rossini on Ilkla Moor
1037:(also known as BM/EZ format)
440:'s "Dance of the Ostracised
142:, with stations such as the
1750:, accessed 16 November 2010
1722:"The Robert Farnon Society"
1699:, accessed 20 November 2010
1652:"Radio 3 - Light Fantastic"
1410:Tiptoe through the Startups
1356:, accessed 15 November 2010
1329:Dance of the Ostracized Imp
1300:, accessed 15 November 2010
1238:Brian Kay's Light Programme
1196:, accessed 18 November 2010
816:Friday Night is Music Night
814:and a televised version of
721:" preceding the late-night
313:Friday Night is Music Night
225:'s "Nights of Gladness" or
149:Occasionally also known as
82:18th century – 19th century
1959:
1551:Ades, David (March 2007).
1159:(EMI compilation CD, 1997)
1155:Jenkins, Lyndon. Notes to
898:
868:Dick Barton: Special Agent
761:E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
521:by Seeburg Corporation or
466:, which arranges songs by
295:concerts, especially the "
29:
1840:
1772:The Robert Farnon Society
1597:"Full Works Concert June"
793:Scarborough Spa Orchestra
648:RadiotelevisĂŁo Portuguesa
564:March from a Little Suite
431:, which is written at an
55:Scarborough Spa Orchestra
46:
1086:Scott, Derek B. (2004),
552:Production Library music
1793:The Light Music Society
1492:The Light Music Society
1433:"Robert Farnon Society"
1334:6 February 2004 at the
764:(1982) amongst others.
297:Last Night of the Proms
1943:Classical music styles
1454:Angela Morley obituary
1253:Lanza, Joseph (2004).
729:Decline and resurgence
624:Associated Rediffusion
599:, "Knightsbridge" for
371:
219:Johann Strauss II
195:Eine Kleine Nachtmusik
1557:Robert Farnon Society
1553:"Journal Into Melody"
1514:Robert Farnon Society
1470:"musical-theatre.net"
1280:David Ades, notes to
1068:Lamb, Andrew (2002).
885:Stranger on the Shore
789:BBC Concert Orchestra
781:Royal Ballet Sinfonia
697:" being the theme of
575:Children's Favourites
569:Dr. Finlay's Casebook
416:In a Monastery Garden
361:
335:Boston Pops Orchestra
333:" such as the famous
1938:Easy listening music
1709:British Comedy Guide
1476:on 20 December 2005.
1378:What is Light Music?
1315:18 June 2011 at the
1298:Land of Lost Content
839:Music While You Work
785:New London Orchestra
717:and Ronald Binge's "
695:By the Sleepy Lagoon
597:Music While You Work
319:Music While You Work
268:. The conductor Sir
1415:8 June 2011 at the
1366:Beatlecracker Suite
1173:British Light Music
1157:British Light Music
835:Festival of Britain
812:Music for Everybody
700:Desert Island Discs
672:Westward Television
660:Southern Television
558:, an example being
464:Beatlecracker Suite
368:Knightsbridge March
308:BBC Light Programme
237:to arrangements of
144:BBC Light Programme
18:British Light Music
1882:Middle of the road
1686:. 19 January 2011.
1585:on 17 August 2007.
1240:, 17 February 2005
1224:, 23 February 2008
1128:H. E. Jacob,
1007:Sentimental ballad
1002:Adult contemporary
804:'s Light Programme
684:Rediffusion London
640:, Robert Farnon's
638:Granada Television
372:
282:promenade concerts
248:Composers such as
163:continental Europe
140:radio broadcasting
1915:
1914:
1563:on 10 March 2008.
1458:Independent.co.uk
1169:Tomlinson, Ernest
1138:978-0-8369-5701-3
931:Adalgiso Ferraris
895:Notable composers
889:radio sketch show
873:Mitchell and Webb
723:shipping forecast
656:Southern Rhapsody
652:Richard Addinsell
478:Associated genres
179:Western Classical
110:
109:
63:Stylistic origins
16:(Redirected from
1950:
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1820:
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1724:. Archived from
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1637:on 16 July 2011.
1633:. Archived from
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1607:on 11 March 2012
1603:. Archived from
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1581:. Archived from
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1439:. Archived from
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1012:Background music
987:Palm court music
971:Alberto Semprini
967:Charles Williams
955:Ernest Tomlinson
907:Charles Ancliffe
859:Charles Williams
855:incidental music
843:Southbank Centre
680:Widespread World
608:The Forsyte Saga
589:Dambusters March
581:Captain Kangaroo
511:background music
496:through-composed
460:Arthur Wilkinson
425:Charles Williams
376:Ernest Tomlinson
265:Chanson de Matin
250:Sir Edward Elgar
223:Charles Ancliffe
121:through-composed
87:Derivative forms
79:Cultural origins
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39:
21:
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1907:Traditional pop
1850:Chill-out music
1845:Beautiful music
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1728:on 13 July 2013
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1680:(Press Release)
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1055:Geoffrey Self,
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1035:Beautiful music
983:
943:Albert Ketèlbey
939:Heinz Kiessling
919:Frederic Curzon
903:
897:
851:
825:in the UK, and
750:Gordon Langford
731:
711:" the theme of
602:In Town Tonight
548:
539:beautiful music
480:
438:Frederic Curzon
411:Albert Ketèlbey
356:
348:George Gershwin
235:classical music
204:Arthur Sullivan
200:Franz von Suppé
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117:classical music
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70:Classical music
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484:easy listening
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472:The Nutcracker
429:A Quiet Stroll
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340:Leroy Anderson
331:pops orchestra
270:Thomas Beecham
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1897:Space age pop
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992:Parlour music
990:
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985:
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978:
976:
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951:Angela Morley
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923:Trevor Duncan
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239:popular songs
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215:parlour music
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19:
1902:Sunshine pop
1877:Lounge music
1871:
1855:Lofi hip hop
1743:
1730:. Retrieved
1726:the original
1716:
1704:
1692:
1683:
1671:
1659:. Retrieved
1655:
1635:the original
1630:
1621:
1609:. Retrieved
1605:the original
1600:
1591:
1583:the original
1578:
1569:
1561:the original
1556:
1546:
1534:
1522:. Retrieved
1518:the original
1513:
1504:
1491:
1482:
1474:the original
1464:
1457:
1449:
1441:the original
1437:rfsoc.org.uk
1436:
1427:
1420:
1404:
1396:The Guardian
1392:"Bombs away"
1385:
1373:
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1164:
1156:
1129:
1124:
1113:, retrieved
1091:
1081:
1073:
1064:
1056:
1051:
963:Edward White
959:Sidney Torch
947:Billy Mayerl
911:Ronald Binge
904:
876:
866:
852:
849:Thematic use
838:
820:
815:
811:
800:
777:compact disc
774:
766:
759:
753:
744:, with both
735:
732:
712:
698:
688:
679:
668:Westward Ho!
667:
655:
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631:
613:
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579:
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567:
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549:
519:Seeburg 1000
508:
500:lounge music
481:
471:
463:
452:
451:'s overture
446:
428:
421:Edward White
414:
408:
404:Denis Norden
401:
396:reverberated
388:Ronald Binge
373:
367:
324:
317:
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290:Queen's Hall
263:
257:
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193:
172:
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148:
137:
112:
111:
36:
1928:Light music
1872:Light music
1767:BBC Radio 3
1732:16 November
1611:20 November
1524:16 November
1175:(2013), p.5
935:Ron Goodwin
915:Eric Coates
831:BBC Radio 3
797:BBC Radio 3
758:(1977) and
714:The Archers
705:Arthur Wood
691:BBC Radio 4
664:Ron Goodwin
556:theme music
523:Cantata 700
488:Percy Faith
468:The Beatles
453:Rossini on
364:Eric Coates
344:Ferde Grofé
274:"lollipops"
227:Felix Godin
208:Continental
113:Light music
42:Light music
1922:Categories
1627:"About Us"
1601:Classic FM
1074:Gramophone
1044:References
975:Haydn Wood
899:See also:
881:Acker Bilk
823:Classic FM
769:palm court
719:Sailing By
455:Ilkla Moor
449:Eric Fenby
286:Henry Wood
151:mood music
1776:arrangers
997:Soft rock
802:Brian Kay
755:Star Wars
643:Derby Day
392:Mantovani
288:'s early
32:Ceòl beag
1661:17 April
1579:BBC Four
1496:Archived
1413:Archived
1332:Archived
1313:Archived
1132:, 1977,
1115:17 April
981:See also
808:BBC Four
787:and the
734:example
618:March",
131:and the
129:symphony
125:concerto
1867:Exotica
1024:company
737:Colditz
504:Exotica
433:andante
325:In the
256:", the
243:ballads
202:or Sir
173:Before
169:Origins
103:exotica
1261:
1136:
1106:
783:, the
380:melody
346:, and
278:encore
262:, and
206:; the
186:Mozart
127:, the
1887:Muzak
1631:XLNC1
1236:, on
1022:Muzak
827:XLNC1
531:Muzak
354:Style
293:Proms
211:salon
190:Haydn
182:canon
133:opera
1734:2010
1663:2019
1613:2010
1526:2010
1259:ISBN
1134:ISBN
1117:2019
1104:ISBN
973:and
883:'s "
748:and
707:'s "
682:for
674:and
670:for
658:for
646:for
636:for
513:and
490:and
316:and
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1656:BBC
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304:BBC
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