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the same direction as the vessel's course and can be close to the same speed as the vessel. When the orbital motion of the wave minimizes the velocity of the rudder through the surrounding water, the rudder loses effectiveness and steering is compromised. The vessel is likely to swing across the waves, roll to one side, and perhaps capsize. Naval architects have only recently started to produce workable mathematical models of broaching: the complexity is due to the
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47:(lean) a sailing vessel, lifting its rudder out of the water. Both power and sailing vessels can broach when wave action reduces the effectiveness of the rudder. This risk occurs when traveling in the same general direction as the waves are moving. The loss of control from either cause usually leaves the vessel
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Broaching caused by wind action may occur when a vessel is sailing away from the wind and its sails are suddenly overpowered by a gust of wind, causing it to heel excessively. Heeling alters the rudder's orientation, away from vertical, reducing the horizontal force which water can apply as it flows
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Any vessel that is traveling in the same direction and close to the same speed as large waves (relative to the vessel) risks losing directional control when the stern is lifted in the water by an overtaking wave. Near the crest of a large wave, the orbital motion of the upper part of the wave is in
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of the water. With loss of directional control, the vessel turns into the wind. In the process, the vessel may heel close to horizontal and may capsize. Such loss of control may be preceded by oscillations of the vessel's mast and course, as the person steering attempts to maintain control.
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nature of the phenomenon. What is well understood is that "wave riding" (traveling at the same speed as the waves) creates a substantial risk of broaching. Wave action may contribute to a broach initiated by wind gusts.
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is an abrupt, involuntary change in a vessel's course, towards the wind, resulting from loss of directional control, when the vessel's
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Saunders, Harold E. (1965). "10: Definitions and nomenclature for
Seakeeping". In Taggart, Robert (ed.).
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143:. Vol. 3. New York, NY: Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. p. 160.
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operation is an unintended surfacing of a shallow-running submarine in a deep wave trough.
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to the sea, and in more severe cases the rolling moment may cause a
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past the rudder. In extreme cases, heeling can raise the rudder
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163:. More Sail Trim. Sail Books Inc. and Adlards Cole. p. 138.
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240:Chapman Piloting: Seamanship & Boat Handling
23:RS K6 Keelboat broaching, caused by wind action.
214:. Vol. 2. Elsevier Science. p. 562.
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35:becomes ineffective. This can be caused by
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159:Colgate, Steve (1979). Anne Madden (ed.).
180:(7th ed.). Bloomsbury. p. 248.
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58:An alternative meaning in the context of
243:. New York: Hearst Marine Books. 1999.
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208:Rawson, K. J.; Tupper, E. C. (1976).
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384:Training material for power vessels
379:Tank test of power vessel broaching
16:Abrupt, involuntary change in course
266:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
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341:Seidman, David (March 24, 2011).
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320:The Annapolis Book of Seamanship
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310:– via Archive Foundation.
276:– via Archive Foundation.
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455:Center of lateral resistance
345:(2nd ed.). Camden, Me:
141:Hydrodynamics in ship design
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322:(3rd ed.). New York:
121:Glossary of nautical terms
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43:action. A wind gust can
374:Sailing yacht broaching
298:Little Brown and Company
485:Racing Rules of Sailing
349:/Ragged Mountain Press/
161:Oscillation and Rolling
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292:The Sailor's Handbook
258:Jobson, Gary (1987).
177:Heavy Weather Sailing
174:Bruce, Peter (2016).
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347:International Marine
324:Simon & Schuster
262:Sailing Fundamentals
343:The Complete Sailor
318:(October 1, 1999).
286:Herreshoff, Halsey
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360:978-0-07-174957-2
333:978-0-684-85420-5
316:Rousmaniere, John
307:978-0-316-54693-5
273:978-0-671-60598-8
250:978-0-688-16890-2
221:978-0-08-052338-5
211:Basic Ship Theory
187:978-1-4729-2820-7
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191:. Retrieved
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491:Rounding up
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597:Death roll
526:Heaving to
514:Manoeuvres
496:Sail twist
296:. Boston:
127:References
92:non-linear
587:Capsizing
575:Accidents
60:submarine
633:Category
602:Turtling
546:Reaching
536:In irons
459:Lee helm
439:cruising
284:(1983).
99:See also
639:Sailing
618:Planing
561:Tacking
556:Reefing
551:Running
531:Heeling
447:Sailing
421:Sailing
288:(ed.).
193:21 June
53:capsize
49:beam-on
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582:Broach
479:Hiking
435:racing
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66:Causes
33:rudder
29:broach
431:sport
85:Waves
541:Jibe
355:ISBN
328:ISBN
302:ISBN
268:ISBN
245:ISBN
216:ISBN
195:2017
182:ISBN
71:Wind
45:heel
41:wave
37:wind
78:out
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39:or
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149:^
27:A
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