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865:"GAGAVUZ TÜRKÇESİ İLE KOCAELİ YERLİ (MANAV) AĞIZLARI ARASINDAKİ PARALELLİKLER, 2022, VI. Uluslararası Türklerin Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Sempozyumu, PARALLELS BETWEEN GAGAVUZ TURKISH AND KOCAELİ NATİVE TURK (MANAV) DİALECTS, Kenan Acar, 2022, VI. International Turkish World Social Sciences Symposium"
665:
Atamız kim köktesiñ. Alğışlı bolsun seniñ atıñ, kelsin seniñ xanlığıñ, bolsun seniñ tilemekiñ – neçik kim kökte, alay yerde. Kündeki ötmegimizni bizge bugün bergil. Dağı yazuqlarımıznı bizge boşatqıl – neçik biz boşatırbız bizge yaman etkenlerge. Dağı yekniñ sınamaqına bizni quurmağıl. Basa barça
849:
470:; the language was similar to today's various languages of the West Kipchak branch. Cuman is documented in medieval works, including the Codex Cumanicus, and in early modern manuscripts, like the notebook of Benedictine monk Johannes ex Grafing. It was a literary language in
576:, and retained the Quman-Qipchaq Turkic language, and the process of consolidating the multi-ethnic conglomerate of the Peninsula began, which has led to the emergence of the Crimean Tatar people.
895:"Crimean Tatar proper, called the 'central dialect', belonged to the West Kipchak subbranch as a descendant of Kuman." (Lars Johanson, Turkic, Cambridge University Press, 2021, pg. 62)
747:
Knauer, Georg
Nicholaus (2010). "The Earliest Vocabulary of Romani Words (c. 1515) in the Collectanea of Johannes ex Grafing, a student of Johannes Reuchlin and Conrad Celtis".
1996:
832:
1060:"Codex cumanicus, Bibliothecae ad templum divi Marci Venetiarum primum ex integro editit prolegomenis notis et compluribus glossariis instruxit comes Géza Kuun"
925:
561:(Hungary) who died in 1770. The Cuman language in Crimea, however, managed to survive. The Cuman language is considered the direct ancestor of the current
1134:
709:
István Varró, a member of the Jász-Cuman mission to the empress of
Austria Maria Theresa and the known last speaker of the Cuman language, died in 1770.
953:[The Transfer of Cumans and Alans from Balkans to Anatolia by Byzantine Empire against the Turkish Expansion in the Western Anatolia].
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189:
557:, which was its last stronghold. Tradition holds that the last speaker of the Cuman language in Hungary was István Varró, a resident of
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1991:
951:"Bati Anadolu'dakı Türk Yayilișina Karși Bızans İmparatorluğu'nun Kuman-Alan Topluluklarini Balkanlardan Anadolu'ya Nakletmesi"
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are descended from the Cumans. Today, the speakers of these various languages belonging to the
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By a preponderance
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926:"Sun Language Theory, Part 2: The Steppes of Tartary (Tatar, Bashkir, Kazakh, Kyrgyz)"
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The literary Cuman language became extinct in the early 18th century in the region of
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833:"YALAKOVA'DAN YALOVA'YA Prof. Dr. Halil İnalcık Anısına Yalova Tarihi Araştırmaları"
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Mustafa Argunşah, Galip Güner (2015), Codex
Cumanicus, Kesit Yayınları, İstanbul.
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that left a rich literary inheritance. The language became the main language (
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with possible incorporations of the other languages in the region, like
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The Other Europe in the Middle Ages: Avars, Bulgars, Khazars and Cumans
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1035:"Публикация ННР О языке куманов: По поводу издания куманского словаря"
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1084:
Güner, Galip (2013), Kıpçak Türkçesi
Grameri, Kesit Press, İstanbul.
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István Vásáry (2005) Cumans and Tatars, Cambridge
University Press.
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believed that among the current languages Cuman is closest to the
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branch speak variations closely related to the Cuman language.
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813:[The Last Turks Settled in Anatolia by Byzantium].
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The Cuman-Kipchaks had an important role in the history of
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The Cumans were nomadic people who lived on the steppes of
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1002:"Latent Turkification of Byzantium (ca. 1071–1461)"
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Other regions: evolved into other
Kipchak languages
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90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
811:"Bızans'in Anadolu'ya Yerleştırdığı Son Türkler"
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850:"Anadolu'ya yerleştirilen Kumanlar (Manavlar)"
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961:(276). Turkish Historical Society: 403–418.
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53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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212:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
175:This article includes a list of general
906:"Historical fate of the Crimean Tatars"
695:
313:: 1770, with the death of István Varró
1997:Languages extinct in the 18th century
466:(Polovtsy, Folban, Vallany, Kun) and
7:
514:. Many Turkic peoples including the
88:adding citations to reliable sources
16:Extinct West Kipchak Turkic language
1962:Languages between parentheses are
181:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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34:This article has multiple issues.
1103:Lord's Prayer in Hungarian Cuman
1058:Kuun; Géza; et al. (1880).
815:Eski̇çağ Araştirmalari Dergi̇si̇
166:
64:
23:
666:yamandan bizni qutxarğıl. Amen!
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1966:of the language on their left.
1021:Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi
821:] (in Turkish) (3): 29–32.
563:language of the Crimean Tatars
1:
1108:Kipchak Middle Age literature
1015:Dimitri Korobeinikov (2015).
819:Journal of Ancient Researches
949:Ayönü, Yusuf (August 2012).
1017:"The Cumans in Paphlagonia"
705:Byzantium and the Pechenegs
645:From the book known as the
266:Cuman–Kipchak Confederation
2025:
968:10.37879/belleten.2012.403
785:"Turkic written memorials"
1948:
924:Sun, Kevin (2019-04-07).
721:Glottolog entry for Cuman
651:, a Cuman Kipchak Turkic
254:
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1098:Texts in Ukrainian Cuman
1070:– via Archive.org.
1992:Agglutinative languages
1892:Disputed classification
703:Melnyk, Mykola (2022).
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607:(see, for example, the
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657:Common Turkic Alphabet
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443:, self referred to as
1651:Old Anatolian Turkish
809:Yilmaz, Adil (2018).
732:Florin Curta (2007).
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1000:Rustam M. Shukurov.
989:DOI: English version
911:11 July 2006 at the
886:Stearns(1979:39–40).
655:(transcribed in the
84:improve this article
1580:Chaharmahali Turkic
1039:books.e-heritage.ru
2002:Medieval languages
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1622:Ajem-Turkic
1606:Azerbaijani
982:October 12,
757:(1): 1–15.
194:introducing
1981:Categories
1838:Old Uyghur
1640:Karapapakh
1489:Karakalpak
1297:Karakhanid
1290:Khorezmian
1066:August 11,
1044:2023-07-03
935:2019-09-17
690:References
617:Bessarabia
585:Kazakhstan
441:Polovtsian
177:references
110:newspapers
39:improve it
1964:varieties
1956:indicate
1940:Qoqmončaq
1348:Old Tatar
1259:Ili Turki
977:245309166
771:170292032
532:Krymchaks
520:Karachays
508:Black Sea
482:) of the
449:tatar til
409:Glottolog
393:ISO 639-3
286:Ethnicity
256:Tatar til
45:talk page
1907:Pecheneg
1704:Southern
1683:Northern
1675:Siberian
1568:Southern
1557:Trukhmen
1451:Telengit
1396:Krymchak
1337:Nagaibak
1283:Chagatai
955:Belleten
909:Archived
673:See also
621:Bulgaria
613:Moldavia
581:Anatolia
468:Kipchaks
455:) was a
416:cuma1241
294:Kipchaks
1954:Italics
1922:pidgins
1918:Creoles
1876:Chuvash
1800:Chelkan
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1773:Yenisei
1645:Turkish
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1590:Sonqori
1585:Qashqai
1575:Afshari
1552:Turkmen
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1235:Eastern
1214:Western
1079:Sources
794:27 July
633:of the
605:Romania
601:Hungary
597:Georgia
589:Ukraine
555:Hungary
551:Cumania
544:Kipchak
536:Balkars
490:History
472:Central
437:Qypchaq
433:Kipchak
341:Kipchak
305:Extinct
280:Cumania
250:Kipchak
190:improve
124:scholar
1935:Kurbet
1930:Hezhou
1900:Khazar
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