100:(810 nm wavelength) can be used to perform CPC. Commomon cyclophotocoagulation techniques include transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TS-CPC), continuous-wave diode cyclophotocoagulation (CW-TSCPC), MicroPulse diode cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC), endocyclophotocoagulation (ECP) and high-intensity focused ultrasound cyclodestruction (HIFU). Complications are lesser with Trans-scleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation and Endoscopic diode laser cyclophotocoagulation.
199:
The first surgical procedures to reduce intraocular pressure of the eye, by decreasing production of aqueous humor, by damaging the ciliary body by diathermy, penetrating cyclodiathermy or surgical excision was done in the early twentieth century. Cyclodestruction by diathermy was first performed by
200:
Weve in 1933. In 1949, Berens et al. described cyclo-electrolysis. Cyclocryotherapy was first described by Bietti in 1950. Cyclodestruction by cyclophotocoagulation was first performed by
Beckman et al., in 1972, using a ruby laser. ECP was developed by Martin Uram in 1992.
53:. Until the development of safer and less destructive techniques like micropulse diode cyclophotocoagulation and endocyclophotocoagulation, cyclodestructive surgeries were mainly done in refractory glaucoma, or advanced glaucomatous eyes with poor visual prognosis.
178:
and sympathetic ophthalmia are some common complications of cyclodestructive procedures. Since there is risk of inflammation which lead to hypotony and phthisis bulbi, cyclophotocoagulation must be done with extreme caution in
141:
Endocyclophotocoagulation (ECP) or endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation using an endoscope allows direct view of the ciliary processes during surgery. Compared to TS-CPC, tissue disruption is lesser with ECP.
356:
220:
Dastiridou, Anna I.; Katsanos, Andreas; Denis, Philippe; Francis, Brian A.; Mikropoulos, Dimitrios G.; Teus, Miguel A.; Konstas, Anastasios-Georgios (2018).
1190:
1195:
1396:
790:
431:
Tan, Nicholas Y. Q.; Ang, Marcus; Chan, Anita S. Y.; Barathi, Veluchamy A.; Tham, Clement C.; Barton, Keith; Sng, Chelvin C. A. (10 December 2019).
1079:
1326:
1319:
620:
595:
191:
are possible complications of TS-CPC. Fibrin exudates, hyphema, cystoid macular edema and loss of vision are possible complications of ECP.
659:
1149:
1029:
136:
108:
Diode laser with a wavelength of 810 nm is used to perform trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation. In TS-CPC, the laser absorbed by
972:
947:
1428:
1223:
1386:
1381:
1213:
127:. Micropulse transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC), a modified TS-CPC procedure is a more safer procedure.
1391:
1270:
1240:
1144:
783:
1019:
842:
1438:
1418:
992:
815:
304:
Bloom, P. A.; Tsai, J. C.; Sharma, K.; Miller, M. H.; Rice, N. S.; Hitchings, R. A.; Khaw, P. T. (September 1997).
1514:
1074:
1009:
864:
1309:
306:""Cyclodiode". Trans-scleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in the treatment of advanced refractory glaucoma"
1509:
286:
1535:
1371:
1218:
1180:
1014:
952:
776:
1250:
1228:
1114:
1059:
1468:
1433:
1356:
904:
506:
376:"Long term results of diode laser cycloablation in complex glaucoma using the Zeiss Visulas II system"
1545:
982:
444:
155:
88:(CPC), the most common cyclodestructive procedure is done using laser beam of different wavelengths.
42:
1493:
1366:
1299:
1175:
1084:
1376:
1361:
1346:
1314:
932:
754:
736:
488:
167:
374:
Ataullah, S; Biswas, S; Artes, P H; O'Donoghue, E; Ridgway, A E A; Spencer, A F (January 2002).
1540:
1483:
1473:
1024:
987:
923:
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728:
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591:
568:
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403:
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317:
249:
233:
113:
1408:
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1002:
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871:
832:
768:
448:
1458:
1245:
1185:
1154:
1119:
977:
859:
697:
Anand, Nandita; Klug, Emma; Nirappel, Abraham; Solá-Del Valle, David (17 August 2020).
563:
528:
475:
432:
408:
375:
254:
221:
175:
321:
1529:
1049:
957:
942:
825:
740:
492:
188:
46:
17:
433:"Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation and its histological effects on the conjunctiva"
1109:
909:
886:
222:"Cyclodestructive Procedures in Glaucoma: A Review of Current and Emerging Options"
93:
50:
715:
698:
1463:
1423:
1054:
820:
121:
97:
66:
457:
1448:
1443:
1285:
1280:
1255:
237:
124:
89:
70:
724:
675:
554:
466:
399:
329:
245:
1233:
967:
545:
62:
732:
572:
484:
417:
305:
263:
158:, cyclocryotherapy is advised when medical control of IOP is not possible.
683:
337:
1260:
171:
38:
640:
391:
1089:
699:"A Review of Cyclodestructive Procedures for the Treatment of Glaucoma"
184:
180:
109:
851:
116:. Since it is a painful procedure, TS-CPC is usually performed under
137:
Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery § Endocyclophotocoagulation
997:
74:
287:"Cyclodestructive Procedures in Treatment of Glaucoma - EyeWiki"
772:
804:
588:
Kanski's clinical ophthalmology : a systematic approach
27:
Surgical procedure to reduce intraocular pressure of the eye
507:"Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation - EyeWiki"
590:(Eighth ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier. p. 374.
527:
Falkenberry, Suzanne M.; Siegfried, Carla J. (2009).
615:. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Pvt. Ltd. p. 394.
1502:
1482:
1407:
1335:
1298:
1206:
1168:
1128:
1100:
1038:
931:
922:
895:
850:
841:
755:"Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) - EyeWiki"
37:is a surgical procedure done in management of
784:
45:(IOP) of the eye by decreasing production of
8:
533:Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology
634:
632:
1191:Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty
928:
847:
791:
777:
769:
714:
562:
544:
474:
456:
407:
253:
150:Cyclocryotherapy is done by freezing the
1397:Optical coherence tomography angiography
658:Sinha, Ajit; Rahman, A. (1 March 1984).
1196:Pre-Descemet's endothelial keratoplasty
660:"Cyclocryotherapy in absolute glaucoma"
522:
520:
209:
1080:Manual small incision cataract surgery
351:
349:
347:
316:(9): 1508–1519, discussion 1519–1520.
61:Cyclodestruction may be done by using
1327:Botulinum toxin therapy of strabismus
1320:Minimally invasive strabismus surgery
281:
279:
277:
275:
273:
7:
1015:Phakic intraocular lens implantation
613:Diagnosis and Management of Glaucoma
380:The British Journal of Ophthalmology
215:
213:
1150:Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery
104:Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation
25:
973:Intrastromal corneal ring segment
639:Themes, U. F. O. (7 March 2021).
361:American Academy of Ophthalmology
948:Automated lamellar keratoplasty
664:Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
1429:Bagolini Striated Glasses Test
1224:Corneal collagen cross-linking
65:, penetrating cyclodiathermy,
1:
1387:Indocyanine green angiography
1382:Heidelberg Retinal Tomography
1214:Anterior chamber paracentesis
716:10.1080/08820538.2020.1810711
322:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30109-2
96:(1064 nm wavelength) or
1392:Optical coherence tomography
1271:Phototherapeutic keratectomy
1145:Excimer laser trabeculostomy
357:"Glaucoma: Cyclodestruction"
112:of ciliary processes causes
1020:Photorefractive keratectomy
529:"Endocyclophotocoagulation"
41:. Cyclodestruction reduces
1562:
1439:Dilated fundus examination
1419:A-scan ultrasound biometry
993:Laser thermal keratoplasty
816:Anesthesia for eye surgery
458:10.1038/s41598-019-55102-0
134:
92:(693 nm wavelength),
77:or by surgical excision.
1176:Whole eye transplantation
1075:Intraocular lens scaffold
1010:Limbal relaxing incisions
865:East Asian blepharoplasty
811:
703:Seminars in Ophthalmology
611:Ramakrishnan, R. (2013).
238:10.1007/s12325-018-0837-3
131:Endocyclophotocoagulation
1372:Fluorescein angiography
1219:Boston keratoprosthesis
1181:Corneal transplantation
953:Conductive keratoplasty
546:10.4103/0974-9233.56225
1251:Intravitreal injection
1115:Laser photocoagulation
1060:Glued intraocular lens
586:Bowling, Brad (2016).
49:by the destruction of
1469:Slit-lamp examination
1434:Color perception test
1357:Electronystagmography
905:Dacryocystorhinostomy
135:Further information:
86:Cyclophotocoagulation
81:Cyclophotocoagulation
18:Cyclophotocoagulation
1310:Harada–Ito procedure
983:Laser blended vision
156:neovascular glaucoma
43:intraocular pressure
1494:Plaque radiotherapy
1367:Electroretinography
1085:Phacoemulsification
449:2019NatSR...918703T
392:10.1136/bjo.86.1.39
226:Advances in Therapy
1377:Fundus photography
1362:Electrooculography
1347:Corneal topography
1315:Strabismus surgery
641:"Cyclodestruction"
437:Scientific Reports
363:. 8 November 2015.
168:retinal detachment
1523:
1522:
1474:Visual field test
1294:
1293:
1025:Radial keratotomy
988:Laser eye surgery
918:
917:
622:978-93-5025-578-0
597:978-0-7020-5572-0
232:(12): 2103–2127.
152:ciliary processes
16:(Redirected from
1553:
1454:Ocular tonometry
1352:Electrodiagnosis
1140:Cyclodestruction
1065:Hydrodelineation
929:
882:Hughes procedure
848:
793:
786:
779:
770:
763:
762:
751:
745:
744:
718:
709:(5–6): 261–275.
694:
688:
687:
655:
649:
648:
636:
627:
626:
608:
602:
601:
583:
577:
576:
566:
548:
524:
515:
514:
503:
497:
496:
478:
460:
428:
422:
421:
411:
371:
365:
364:
353:
342:
341:
301:
295:
294:
283:
268:
267:
257:
217:
183:glaucoma. Pain,
146:Cyclocryotherapy
114:photocoagulation
31:Cyclodestruction
21:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1498:
1485:
1478:
1410:
1403:
1338:
1331:
1301:
1290:
1266:Photodisruption
1202:
1169:Transplantation
1164:
1160:Trabeculoplasty
1131:
1124:
1102:
1096:
1070:Hydrodissection
1041:
1034:
1003:Contoura Vision
963:Epikeratophakia
934:
914:
897:Lacrimal system
891:
877:Eyelid revision
872:Epicanthoplasty
837:
833:Eye examination
807:
797:
767:
766:
759:eyewiki.aao.org
753:
752:
748:
696:
695:
691:
657:
656:
652:
638:
637:
630:
623:
610:
609:
605:
598:
585:
584:
580:
526:
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518:
511:eyewiki.aao.org
505:
504:
500:
430:
429:
425:
373:
372:
368:
355:
354:
345:
303:
302:
298:
291:eyewiki.aao.org
285:
284:
271:
219:
218:
211:
206:
197:
164:
154:of the eye. In
148:
139:
133:
106:
83:
59:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1559:
1557:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1536:Laser medicine
1528:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1515:Cryoextraction
1512:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1490:
1488:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1459:Ophthalmoscopy
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1413:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1389:
1384:
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1291:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1246:Gundersen flap
1243:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1186:Corneal button
1178:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1155:Trabeculectomy
1152:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1134:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1120:Scleral buckle
1117:
1112:
1106:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
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1092:
1082:
1077:
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1033:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1006:
1005:
995:
990:
985:
980:
978:Keratomileusis
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
939:
937:
926:
920:
919:
916:
915:
913:
912:
907:
901:
899:
893:
892:
890:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
868:
867:
860:Blepharoplasty
856:
854:
845:
839:
838:
836:
835:
830:
829:
828:
818:
812:
809:
808:
803:involving the
798:
796:
795:
788:
781:
773:
765:
764:
746:
689:
650:
628:
621:
603:
596:
578:
539:(3): 130–133.
516:
498:
423:
366:
343:
296:
269:
208:
207:
205:
202:
196:
193:
176:phthisis bulbi
166:Inflammation,
163:
160:
147:
144:
132:
129:
105:
102:
82:
79:
58:
55:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1558:
1547:
1544:
1542:
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1205:
1197:
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1189:
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1177:
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1127:
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1111:
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1099:
1091:
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1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1050:Capsulorhexis
1048:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
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1008:
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994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
958:Corneal inlay
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
943:Alpins method
941:
940:
938:
936:
930:
927:
925:
921:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
898:
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866:
863:
862:
861:
858:
857:
855:
853:
849:
846:
844:
840:
834:
831:
827:
826:Oculoplastics
824:
823:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
810:
806:
802:
794:
789:
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311:
310:Ophthalmology
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216:
214:
210:
203:
201:
194:
192:
190:
189:iridocyclitis
186:
182:
177:
173:
169:
162:Complications
161:
159:
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153:
145:
143:
138:
130:
128:
126:
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119:
115:
111:
103:
101:
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87:
80:
78:
76:
72:
68:
64:
56:
54:
52:
48:
47:aqueous humor
44:
40:
36:
35:cycloablation
32:
19:
1241:Evisceration
1139:
1110:Ignipuncture
910:Punctoplasty
887:Tarsorrhaphy
758:
749:
706:
702:
692:
670:(2): 77–80.
667:
663:
653:
644:
612:
606:
587:
581:
536:
532:
510:
501:
443:(1): 18703.
440:
436:
426:
386:(1): 39–42.
383:
379:
369:
360:
313:
309:
299:
290:
229:
225:
198:
165:
149:
140:
107:
94:Nd:YAG laser
85:
84:
60:
51:ciliary body
34:
30:
29:
1546:Eye surgery
1464:Retinoscopy
1424:Amsler grid
1411:examination
1300:Extraocular
1229:Enucleation
1055:Capsulotomy
821:Eye surgery
118:retrobulbar
98:diode laser
67:cryotherapy
1530:Categories
1449:Gonioscopy
1444:Funduscopy
1286:Vitrectomy
1281:Sclerotomy
1256:Iridectomy
933:Refractive
801:procedures
799:Tests and
204:References
125:anesthesia
122:peribulbar
90:Ruby laser
71:ultrasound
1484:Radiation
1276:Pterygium
1234:Conformer
968:Epi-LASIK
741:221769458
725:0882-0538
676:0301-4738
555:0974-9233
493:209169390
467:2045-2322
400:0007-1161
330:0161-6420
246:0741-238X
63:diathermy
1541:Glaucoma
1510:Couching
1261:Peritomy
1130:Glaucoma
1040:Cataract
733:32936725
645:Ento Key
573:20142978
485:31822709
418:11801501
264:30448885
172:hypotony
39:glaucoma
1503:History
1486:therapy
1339:imaging
1337:Medical
1302:muscles
1132:surgery
1103:surgery
1101:Retinal
1090:Prechop
1042:surgery
935:surgery
852:Eyelids
684:6526469
564:2813596
476:6904490
445:Bibcode
409:1770983
338:9307649
255:6267695
195:History
185:hyphema
181:uveitic
110:melanin
843:Adnexa
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1207:Other
1030:SMILE
998:LASIK
924:Globe
737:S2CID
489:S2CID
75:laser
57:Types
805:eyes
729:PMID
721:ISSN
680:PMID
672:ISSN
617:ISBN
592:ISBN
569:PMID
551:ISSN
481:PMID
463:ISSN
414:PMID
396:ISSN
334:PMID
326:ISSN
260:PMID
242:ISSN
187:and
1409:Eye
711:doi
559:PMC
541:doi
471:PMC
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318:doi
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234:doi
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