127:
203:, a chamber designed for counting cells microscopically. This technique was limited by poor discrimination between cell types (cells could only be classified as mononuclear or polymorphonuclear) and the low number of cells present in unconcentrated body fluids. Moreover, this technique did not produce a permanent record of the specimen. In a 1966 paper, Watson P. described the first cytocentrifuge, calling it "an apparatus for concentrating cells in suspension onto a microscope slide". The device was sold commercially in the 1970s and in 1983 it was patented by Shandon (now
33:
104:
To prepare cytocentrifuge smears, a funnel assembly is attached to the front of a microscope slide. The surface of the funnel assembly that is in contact with the slide is lined with filter paper to absorb excess fluid. A few drops of fluid are placed in the funnel. The assembly is placed in the
113:
pushes the fluid through the funnel's opening and concentrates the cells in a small area of the slide. The centrifugation process concentrates cells by about twenty-fold and creates a one-cell-thick monolayer, allowing for assessment of cellular morphology. The slide can then be
190:
may appear vacuolated or develop irregular projections. Cytoplasmic granules may be pushed to the periphery of the cell. If the cell count is high, cells may be distorted due to crowding; therefore, samples with high cell counts are diluted prior to smear preparation.
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The cytocentrifugation process can cause cells to appear distorted. Cells located at the centre of the smear may look compressed compared to cells at the periphery.
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Harmening D (2009). "Chapter 30: Body fluid examination: qualitative, quantitative and morphologic analysis".
76:, as well as in biological research. The method can be used on many different types of specimens, including
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Linné & Ringsrud's
Clinical Laboratory Science: Concepts, Procedures, and Clinical Applications
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583:"A slide centrifuge: an apparatus for concentrating cells in suspension onto a microscope slide"
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Color Atlas of Body Fluids: An
Illustrated Field Guide Based on Proficiency Testing
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Pathobiology of Human
Disease: A Dynamic Encyclopedia of Disease Mechanisms
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Examination of cells in body fluids was historically performed using a
207:). As of 2012, numerous brands of cytocentrifuge exist on the market.
532:"Cell Cytometry: Review and Perspective on Biotechnological Advances"
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125:
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and examined. Cytocentrifuges are used in various areas of the
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Performing differential cell counts on body fluids, such as
452:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 73–84.
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may develop artifactual clefts, lobes, or holes, and the
417:
Rodak's
Hematology: Clinical Principles and Applications
161:
examination of liquid specimens such as body fluids and
509:(5th ed.). F. A. Davis Company. pp. 720–757.
414:
Keohane EM, Smith L, Walenga JM (19 February 2015).
52:
used to concentrate cells in fluid specimens onto a
506:Clinical Hematology and Fundamentals of Hemostasis
473:Mahon CR, Lehman DC, Manuselis G (25 March 2014).
498:
496:
587:The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
140:Some applications of cytocentrifuges include:
109:(600–800 x g) to preserve cellular structure.
536:Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
335:. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 356–58.
333:Fundamentals of Urine and Body Fluid Analysis
322:
320:
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257:(7th ed.). Elsevier Mosby. p. 146.
8:
530:Vembadi A, Menachery A, Qasaimeh MA (2019).
476:Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology - E-Book
420:. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 270–1.
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450:Cytopreparation: Principles & Practice
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479:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 129.
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170:of fluid specimens for identification of
105:cytocentrifuge, which operates at a low
224:McManus L, Mitchell R (1 August 2014).
216:
7:
283:"Principles of Cytocentrifugation"
230:. Elsevier Science. p. 3365.
25:
387:Shambayati B (17 February 2011).
329:"Chapter 17: Body fluid analysis"
364:College of American Pathologists
446:"Chapter 6: Cytocentrifugation"
327:Brunzel NA (5 November 2016).
1:
44:, sometimes referred to as a
251:Turgeon ML (23 March 2015).
581:Watson P (September 1966).
36:Example of a cytocentrifuge
645:
444:Gill G (19 October 2012).
393:. OUP Oxford. p. 24.
549:10.3389/fbioe.2019.00147
300:10.1309/FTT59GWKDWH69FB0
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163:fine needle aspirates
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78:fine needle aspirates
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56:so that they can be
27:Laboratory equipment
356:Galagan KA (2006).
287:Laboratory Medicine
154:cerebrospinal fluid
135:cerebrospinal fluid
82:cerebrospinal fluid
62:clinical laboratory
48:, is a specialized
366:. pp. 13–14.
281:Stokes BO (2004).
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38:
18:Cytocentrifugation
516:978-0-8036-1732-2
486:978-0-323-29262-7
459:978-1-4614-4932-4
427:978-0-323-32716-9
400:978-0-19-953392-3
373:978-0-930304-91-1
342:978-0-323-39636-3
264:978-0-323-22545-8
237:978-0-12-386457-4
205:Thermo Scientific
111:Centrifugal force
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184:Cell nuclei
178:Limitations
613:Categories
211:References
70:hematology
64:, such as
50:centrifuge
309:0007-5027
188:cytoplasm
133:cells in
100:Procedure
568:31275933
150:synovial
131:Lymphoma
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146:serous
92:, and
86:serous
116:fixed
107:force
94:urine
595:PMID
564:PMID
511:ISBN
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454:ISBN
422:ISBN
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368:ISBN
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305:ISSN
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152:and
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