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1367:, son of the revered founding father, continued as foreign minister. Gottwald became prime minister. Most important, although the communists held only a minority of portfolios, they were able to gain control over such key ministries as information, internal trade, finance and interior (including the police apparatus). Through these ministries, the communists were able to suppress noncommunist opposition, place party members in positions of power, and create a solid basis for a takeover attempt.
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1299:—predominated. The Slovak Popular Party was banned as collaborationist with the Nazis. Other conservative yet democratic parties, such as the Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants (RSZML), were prevented from resuming activities in the postwar period. Certain acceptable nonsocialist parties were included in the coalition; among them were the Catholic People's Party (in Moravia) and the Slovak Democratic Party.
1347:, responded favourably to both the KSČ and the Soviet alliance. Communists secured strong representation in the popularly elected national committees, the new organs of local administration. The KSČ organised and centralised the trades union movement; of 120 representatives to the Central Council of Trades Unions, 94 were communists. The party worked to acquire a mass membership, including peasants and the
1476:. The communist-controlled Ministry of Information refused broadcasting time to noncommunist officials. Ministries held by noncommunist parties were secured by communist "action committees." The action committees also purged all governmental and political party organs of unreliable elements. Gottwald threatened to call a general strike unless Beneš appointed a new, Communist-dominated government.
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On 26 February, Beneš, perhaps fearing civil war and/or Soviet intervention, capitulated. He accepted the resignations of the dissident ministers and appointed a new cabinet from a list submitted by
Gottwald. The new cabinet was dominated by Communists and pro-Soviet Social Democrats. Members of the
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The non-Communists believed that Beneš would refuse to accept their resignations and keep them in a caretaker government, which would presumably force
Gottwald to either back down or resign. Beneš initially refused to accept the resignations and declared that no government could be formed without
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A cabinet crisis precipitated the
February coup. Backed by all non-communist parties, the National Social ministers said that the communists were using the Ministry of Interior's police and security forces to suppress non-communists, and demanded a halt to this. Prime Minister Gottwald, however,
1335:
Beneš had compromised with the KSČ to avoid a postwar coup; he naïvely hoped that the democratic process would restore a more equitable distribution of power. Beneš had negotiated the Soviet alliance, but at the same time he hoped to establish
Czechoslovakia as a "bridge" between East and West,
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Upon his return to Prague, the KSČ reversed its decision. In subsequent months, the party demonstrated a significant radicalisation of its tactics. The KSČ argued that a reactionary coup was imminent, and that immediate action was necessary to prevent it. Through media and police means, they
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The twelve noncommunist ministers resigned, in part, to induce Beneš to call for early elections. Communist losses were anticipated owing to popular disapproval of recent KSČ tactics. A January poll indicated a 10-percent decline in
Communist electoral support. Yet the Czechoslovak National
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In
January 1948, the communist-controlled Ministry of Interior proceeded to purge the Czechoslovak security forces, substituting noncommunists with communists. Simultaneously, the KSČ began agitating for increased nationalisation and for a new land reform limiting landholdings to fifty
1363:, the KSČ won in the Czech part of the country (40.17%), while the anti-Communist Democratic Party won in Slovakia (62%). In sum, however, the KSČ won a plurality of 38 percent of the vote at the Czechoslovak level. Beneš continued as president of the republic, and
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intensified their activity. Originally announced by
Gottwald at the KSČ Central Committee meeting in November 1947, news of the "reactionary plot" was disseminated throughout the country by the communist press.
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repeatedly forestalled discussion of the police issue. On 21 February, National
Socialists resigned from the cabinet in protest. The Catholic People's Party and the Slovak Democratic Party followed suit.
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People's, National
Socialist and Czech Democratic parties were also included, so the government was still nominally a coalition. However, the ministers using those labels were
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non-Communist ministers. However, in the days that followed, he shunned the non-Communist ministers to avoid accusation of collusion. The
Czechoslovak Army remained neutral.
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In the meantime, the KSČ garnered its forces. The communist-controlled Ministry of Interior deployed police regiments to sensitive areas and equipped a
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Socialists made their move without adequate coordination with Beneš. The democratic parties, in addition, made no effort to rally popular support.
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The popular enthusiasm evoked by the Soviet armies of liberation benefited the KSČ. Czechs, bitterly disappointed by the West at the
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orientation. The turning point came in the summer of 1947. In July, the Czechoslovak government, with KSČ approval, accepted an
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After the fall of Nazi Germany, the country was reformed and reassigned coterminous borders as its pre-war predecessor state,
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Czech Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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working hand in glove with the Communists. This act marked the onset of out-and-out Communist rule in Czechoslovakia.
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defense force. It was the only foreign state to do so. This policy, continued after the declaration of the
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Lukes, Igor (1993). "Stalin and Beneš at the End of September 1938: New Evidence from the Prague Archives".
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the following year, would play an important role in the victory of the Jewish state in the
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Industries, employing 61.2 percent of the industrial labour force, were nationalised.
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1665:. Vol. 1. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 213.
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State Succession in Municipal Law and International Law: Internal relations
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The Third Republic came into being in April 1945 with the creation of the
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The year that followed was uneventful. The KSČ continued to proclaim its
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Kusin, Vladimir V. (1977). "Czechoslovakia". In McCauley, Martin (ed.).
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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on 10 May. Beneš was pressured by the Soviet Union to grant them the
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14 October 1945 saw a new provisional national assembly voted in.
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capable of maintaining contacts with both sides. The KSČ leader
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In February 1948, the Communist Party seized full power in a
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1546:(second ed.). London: Routledge. pp. 235–236.
1639:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 151.
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from April 1945 to February 1948 following the end of
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invitation to attend preliminary discussions of the
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1697:A Chronology of Conflict and Resolution, 1945-1985
344:{{Translated|cs|Třetí Československá republika}}
1635:McHale, Vincent E.; Skowronski, Sharon (1983).
2016:ČSR; boundaries and government established by
1614:. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 73–94.
332:accompanying your translation by providing an
298:Click for important translation instructions.
285:expand this article with text translated from
3098:States and territories disestablished in 1948
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1508:, Oxford University Press, pp. 161–188,
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1502:"The Failures of Czech Democracy, 1918–1948"
567:Territory of the Third Czechoslovak Republic
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205:introducing citations to additional sources
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161:Learn how and when to remove this message
3108:1948 disestablishments in Czechoslovakia
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837:Provisional Government of Czechoslovakia
195:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2032:of Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia.
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1379:Czechoslovakian passport issued in 1947
1239:until 1960, when it was changed to the
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1659:For a discussion of the treaty see
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1612:Communist Power in Europe 1944–1949
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1297:Czechoslovak National Social Party
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1264:flew from his exile in London to
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3118:1938 disestablishments in Europe
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2413:Czechoslovak government-in-exile
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1058:Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
18:Czechoslovak Republic (1945–48)
1272:, which had been taken by the
1167:Třetí Československá republika
342:You may also add the template
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3113:1918 establishments in Europe
2597:World Heritage Sites (UNESCO)
1699:. New York: Greenwood Press.
1661:O'Connell, Daniel P. (1967).
1542:Crampton, Richard J. (2002).
1448:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
1302:The government moved back to
1288:becoming prime minister with
1114:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
443:Pravda vítězí / Pravda víťazí
216:"Third Czechoslovak Republic"
110:"Third Czechoslovak Republic"
2448:Fourth Czechoslovak Republic
2407:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
2395:Second Czechoslovak Republic
2351:Demands of the Slovak Nation
2311:Principality of Transylvania
1422:in November, Czechoslovakia
985:Second Czechoslovak Republic
850:Fourth Czechoslovak Republic
2436:Third Czechoslovak Republic
2401:Autonomous Land of Slovakia
2377:First Czechoslovak Republic
2057:ČSSR; from 1969, after the
1637:Political parties of Europe
1531:. Radio Prague. 4 May 2019.
1210:First Czechoslovak Republic
1159:Third Czechoslovak Republic
1037:Third Czechoslovak Republic
965:First Czechoslovak Republic
355:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
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729:Communist seizure of power
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1695:Jessup, John E. (1989).
1195:Československá republika
1187:Československá republika
393:Československá republika
3088:1940s in Czechoslovakia
2346:Slovak National Council
2329:Austro-Hungarian Empire
2270:Principality of Hungary
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1314:territory as a sort of
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2371:Washington Declaration
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1954:Southern Slovakia and
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2018:the 1920 constitution
1575:(1): 28–48, page 34.
1506:When Democracy Breaks
1436:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1407:summoned Gottwald to
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1276:and which became the
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1179:Czechoslovak Republic
390:Czechoslovak Republic
326:copyright attribution
2244:Balaton Principality
1280:. In Košice the new
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522:Nad Tatrou sa blýska
201:improve this article
95:improve this article
3059:50.0833°N 14.4667°E
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2587:Traditional regions
2237:Svatopluk the Great
2061:, consisted of the
2006:government-in-exile
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2041:(1939–1945).
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2028:ČSR; included the
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1984:Zakarpattia Oblast
1975:Zakarpattia Oblast
1958:Carpathian Ukraine
1931:Kingdom of Hungary
1424:began to sell arms
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2460:Prague Spring
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2203:Samo's Empire
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2076:Ukrainian SSR
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2059:Prague Spring
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2019:
2013:
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2004:Czechoslovak
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1401:Marshall Plan
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1320:Ukrainian SSR
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1069:Prague Spring
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464:Kde domov můj
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283:You can help
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218: –
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190:single source
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84:This article
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2918:Architecture
2849:Demographics
2767:Central bank
2711:(parliament)
2687:Human rights
2667:Constitution
2637:Coat of arms
2435:
2431:Iron Curtain
2342:(1848–1849)
2046:
2024:Nazi Germany
2015:
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1748:Czechoslovak
1746:Timeline of
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2289:(1301–1526)
2278:(1000–1301)
2022:Annexed by
1844:Sudetenland
1809:1993–
1683:volume cxlv
1365:Jan Masaryk
1268:in eastern
1233:coup d'état
1048:Coup d'état
922:History of
758:Preceded by
3077:Categories
3050:14°28′00″E
3047:50°05′00″N
2993:Television
2983:Newspapers
2945:Literature
2871:Healthcare
2779:(currency)
2682:Government
2272:(895–1000)
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2180:Celemantia
2170:Laugaricio
2080:Oblast of
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1306:after its
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598:Government
257:April 2020
227:newspapers
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121:newspapers
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2035:Annexed
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