1077:
unwirklich ĂĽberbetont und hart, auĂźerdem wirkt auch die
Dynamik, bedingt durch die fehlende Expansion, eingeengt. Bei Popmusik-Platten fällt indes dieser Effekt meist nicht so deutlich auf. Da viele dieser Platten keine sehr großen Dynamik-Unterschiede haben, stört die fehlende Expansion kaum. Was aber bleibt, ist die etwas überzogene Höhenwiedergabe vor allem beim Abhören über hochwertige HiFi-Anlagen. Das Angebot an Decodern ist zwar noch nicht sehr groß, doch sehr viele Firmen haben inzwischen CX-Lizenzen erworben. Einen hervorragenden Eindruck hinterließ der Kort-Decoder beim Hörtest. Nicht nur, daß er sich mit Hilfe eines Reglers und eines Zeigerinstrumentes problemlos auf die Signalstärke der Schallplatte abgleichen läßt, er überzeugte auch klanglich. Der Telefunken Decoder RN 100 CX und auch die in den beiden Plattenspielern RS 120 CX und RS 220 CX integrierten Decoder sind direkt mit einem Entzerrer-Vorverstärker gekoppelt. Moving-Coil-Systeme lassen sich damit also nicht betreiben. Klanglich gute Ergebnisse liefert auch der CMLab-Decoder aus den USA, wenn auch der Kort-Decoder klanglich leicht überlegen ist. Prototypen von CX-Decodern präsentierten unlängst auch die deutschen Firmen Backes & Müller sowie
1093:. Nur werden hier beim Überspielen der Musik vom Masterband auf die Schneidemaschine zur Herstellung der Masterfolie die Signale durch einen speziellen Kompressor geschickt. Dieser schränkt die Dynamik der Musiksignale ein, senkt also laute Töne um einen definierten Betrag ab und hebt umgekehrt leise Signale ebenfalls definiert an. Bei der Wiedergabe der fertigen CX-Platte geschieht genau das Gegenteil. Ein Expander, das Gegenstück zum Kompressor, erweitert die Dynamik wieder, hebt also die lauten Töne wieder um den ursprünglichen Absenkungsbetrag an und senkt die leisen Töne um den ursprünglichen Anhebungsbetrag wieder ab. Beim Absenken der leisen Töne kommen Störgeräusche, wie etwa Rauschen und leise Knacker, die von der Platte herrühren, nicht ungeschoren davon. Sie werden in gleichem Maße mit abgesenkt und dadurch fast unhörbar. Die Gesamtdynamik einer CX-Platte kann, so die Erfinder, bis zu 80 Dezibel betragen. Die Investitionen für einen CX-Decoder betragen etwa 300 bis 500 Mark.
1304:
decided to change the time constant in the encoder to agree with the mistake. Of course CBS neglected to tell me, so I was about to publish the only correct CX decoder design, that they were making wrong by arbitrarily changing the system specifications, without telling me. I was able to make the value tweak to my design, and change my kit article before it printed, so we were back in sync... BUT all the records already encoded and pressed would never agree with all the decoders out in the market, and only new pressings after that change would be completely correct. I went to such lengths to deliver accurate decoding that I even specified a tantalum cap for the side chain time constant circuit because the UREI encoder used tantalum in their compressor design. in a side chain circuit when charged and discharged with different impedances the capacitor's dielectric absorption can influence the capacitor's waveshape.
2358:
Dutchman - Overture
Conductor Lorin Maazel . Side 2: 1. The London Symphony Orchestra - Star Wars (Main Theme) Conductor Ettore Stratta , 2. Toronto Symphony Orchestra - Rossini-Respighi: La Boutique Fantasque (Excerpt) Conductor Andrew Davis . Quotes from the sleeve: A CX record is completely compatible with your current stereo system. You can play it and enjoy it now. However, with a CX decoder added to your system, you'll experience a startling difference in the dynamic range of your music. That's because when played with a CX decoder, a CX record will deliver clear, bright, noise-free sound-comparable to what you'd hear in an actual concert hall environment.
250:- other minor changes to the decoding time constants were made as well. In addition, some of the LaserDisc's FM audio encoding specifications were modified too, allowing more headroom and better high frequency response at high levels. These changes were made because, at the time of CX's adoption on LaserDisc (1981), the vast majority of program sources used for mastering, such as 35 mm optical and magnetic film soundtracks, as well as the 2-inch IVC-9000 and the 1-inch C-Type videotape formats used for LaserDisc mastering, had signal-to-noise ratios low enough that
274:, the main manufacturer of LDs at the time, required the studios to request CX and, since most did not know that CX improved the video quality of the finished discs or the audio of mono titles, CX was rarely requested. Due to this lack of knowledge about CX at the studios, there were many stereo titles released without CX encoding and, in fact, CX didn't become standard on all LaserDisc titles until the late 1980s. A look at Pioneer's catalogs as late as 1987 shows that the majority of titles did not have CX encoded analog sound - most were not digital either.
1072:
anschlieĂźende
Expansion der Musik bei der Wiedergabe von der Schallplatte soll dieses Verfahren die Dynamik einer Schallplatte um 20 Dezibel auf einen Wert von insgesamt 80 Dezibel erhöhen. Plattenrauschen, Knistern und Knacken sowie Rumpelgeräusche sollen mit diesem Verfahren unhörbar werden. Die wichtigste Bedingung bei der Entwicklung von CX war neben der Geräuschreduzierung und Dynamikerweiterung die Kompatibilität. Die CX-Platten sollen ohne gravierende Qualitätseinbußen auch ohne den CX-Decoder abspielbar sein. Doch CX-Lizenznehmer
203:
1081:. Wann diese Geräte in Serie gehen, steht noch nicht fest, doch eines ist sicher: Viele Unternehmen werden in Zukunft CX-Decoder, ob separat oder in Verstärkern oder Plattenspielern fest eingebaut, anbieten. Und damit kann auch die konventionelle Platte, vorausgesetzt, sie ist CX-codiert, störungsarmen Musikgenuß bieten. Im Prinzip arbeitet das Rauschverminderungs-System CX ähnlich wie andere, bei Cassettenrecordern eingesetzte Rauschminderungs-Systeme, beispielsweise
902:) tested there. I was well received at the hotel, but was then held there for a day because of a severe snow storm. All the traffic and all public activities had stopped. The following day then I met Dan Graveraux, head of the CX development team at CBS. In a pleasant atmosphere we tested the circuit and I won the coveted OK. This time my work was paid for by the AEG-Telefunken semiconductor factory in Heilbronn.
22:
278:
the CED system's much higher noise levels than the LaserDisc format. Although RCA improved the plastic/carbon formulation used to make discs, which lowered disc noise levels by 3 dB, and modified the mastering system, the CED format still required the full 20 dB of noise reduction that was achieved with the unmodified LP system.
270:
as well as keeping color saturation below 75% on the master were required to keep any interference below −35 dB, which ensured that no beats or other artifacts were visible in the demodulated image. Although CX improved the picture quality, it was not normally used on discs with mono audio.
269:
While CX greatly improved the audio quality of LaserDisc's FM audio tracks, its primary reason for adoption was to decrease the amount of interference between the right channel's FM audio carrier and the video carrier's first chroma sideband. Without CX, strict filtering during mastering and playback
249:
CX decoders made for LPs could not be used with LDs because the CX companding specifications for LaserDisc were changed, from 20 dB of noise reduction to 14 dB, along with moving the 'threshold' where compression/expansion changes from 2:1 to 1:1 from −40 dB to −28 dB
277:
For the CED VideoDisc, since stereo was not added to the format until its second year on the market, RCA made CX a mandatory part of CED's stereo system - a disc could not be released in stereo without CX encoding - and the companding specifications were unchanged from those of the LP system due to
110:
The project was led by CBS Records group vice president Bob
Jamieson and carried out by a team led by Daniel W. Gravereaux and Louis A. Abbagnaro. The label predicted that CX encoding would become standard on all new LP releases, but this did not happen. CBS struggled to gain support for the system
1299:
licensees copied verbatim. I didn't and discovered a mistake in the playback time constants (about 10% error), so I corrected that for my design, and notified my contact at CBS. The encoder was designed and fabricated by . Literally weeks before my kit article hit the street, I was attending the
1298:
and received the full CX documentation package along with a stack of CX albums. I only had a few months to crank out the design so I put the CX decoder into an existing tape NR package from another kit of mine. The CBS documentation included two proforma decoder designs, that apparently the other
305:
by adding a CX-encoded version of the L−R (left-minus-right, or difference) signal modulated in quadrature with the conventional stereo subcarrier. About 50 stations utilized the system, but few FMX-equipped receivers were manufactured, and after FMX was accused in 1989 of actually degrading
1303:
show in NYC and decided to visit the UREI booth When I mentioned that I found the mistake in the CX documentation their eyes lit up and they said, so you're the guy. It turns out that there were already tens of thousands of decoders out in the wild with the wrong time constants in them, so CBS
190:
Approximately 70 CX encoded LP titles were released by CBS up to 1983 in the United States. Gasparo also released a number of CX encoded records. In Europe, many CX discs were manufactured in the
Netherlands with the catalog number prefix "CBSCX". The albums in this series also came in standard,
2357:
7-inch. 33-1/3 RPM. Contents: Side 1: 1. Loverboy - Workin' For The
Weekend , 2. Maynard Ferguson - Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough , 3. Billy Joel - Los Angelenos , 4. Angela Clemmons - Give Me Just A Little More Time , 5. Willie Nelson - Stardust , 6. Philharmonia London - Wagner: The Flying
1076:
schreibt fĂĽr das
Abspielen von Klassik-CX-Platten unbedingt die Verwendung eines CX-Decoders vor. Grund Nur mit Hilfe eines CX-Decoders ist die Natürlichkeit der Musikwiedergabe gesichert. Das ist besonders bei klassischer Musik wichtig. Beim Anhören ohne Decoder werden vor allem die Höhen
1071:
Drei Jahre entwickelten die
Elektronik-Ingenieure Louis A. Abbagnaro und Daniel W. Gravereaux (Columbia Broadcasting Corporation) am CX-Verfahren. CX bedeutet soviel wie Compatible Expansion und ist ein RauschunterdrĂĽckungsverfahren fĂĽr Schallplatten. Durch eine spezielle Komprimierung und
96:
system, it aimed at the lower-cost consumer mass market rather than high-end audiophile niche markets only. CX-encoded records required a special CX expander connected to a stereo system, in order to fully reproduce the CX encoded sound on the LP. However, in contrast to dbx disc and
257:
By reducing the total amount of noise reduction and modifying other aspects of the CX system to better match LD's FM audio shortcomings, undecoded playback sound quality was maintained and vastly improved decoded sound was achieved at the same time. The possibility of audible
101:. CX being a 2:1:2 compander system, a noise reduction of 20 dB(A) was achieved for a resulting maximum dynamic range of typically 80 to 85 dB(A) (other sources claiming up to 95 dB(A) or even 107 dB). The theory of operation is described in
2017:(NB. New-old stock CX encoders originally manufactured in the 1980s in the US by Phase Linear, refurbished with new capacitors, an improved power supply and other tuning by Altmann Industrieelektronik GmbH (aie), Germany.)
406:
CX Mastering
Encoder/Decoder Model 1181 (switchable compander for CX 14 and CX 20 with half-speed mastering option based on Allison Research EGC-101, claiming a dynamic range of up to 95 dB(A))
231:
also released a stand-alone CX adapter R-1000 for use with their VP-1000, Magnavox's VH-8000/8005 and the industrial players that were all released before CX was adopted. The first CX encoded LaserDisc was
1411:
115:
demanded that the CX encoded version of one of her albums be withdrawn because of perceived shortcomings, even though
Jamieson claimed that CBS had the technical means to overcome such objections.
2222:
2317:
1670:
Badger, Greg; Allen, Richard (October 1982). "The Audio Side Of The Laser Videodisc". Affiliation: Pioneer Video, Inc., Costa Mesa, California, USA. AES Convention: 72. Paper Number: 1935.
1517:
Type No.: HA12043, Outline: DP-18, Functions: CX NR-System for MCA System, Remarks: NR Effects 14 dB Type No.: HA12044, Outline: DP-18, Functions: CX NR-System, Remarks: NR Effects 20 dB
210:
While the implementation of CX with LPs was quite unsuccessful and short-lived, CX would later see success as the noise reduction used for the stereo analog audio tracks on the
148:
with their RN 100 CX, RS 120 CX and RS 220 CX. The documented playback time constants of the decoders were slightly changed by CBS in 1981/1982.
2068:
227:
All LaserDisc (and stereophonic CED) players manufactured since 1981, when the CX equipped LD-1100 was introduced, had CX noise reduction capability as a standard feature.
301:, a commercially unsuccessful noise reduction system developed in the 1980s for FM broadcasting in the United States. FMX was intended to improve fringe area reception of
1497:
2164:
2419:
845:
1219:
2393:
2374:
2053:
2282:
1400:
2453:
2215:
443:
97:
High-Com II, CX-encoded records, like UC-encoded records, could also be played without a decoder with a resulting (claimed acceptable) amount of
2252:
2194:
1294:, and he offered me the Christmas issue cover of the magazine (then 500k circulation) if I designed a kit CX decoder. I was made a CX licensee by
1117:
1642:
1121:
2361:
736:
123:
1806:
1747:
1316:
2307:
1375:
2329:
7-inch. 33-1/3 RPM. Band 1: Left Channel Calibration 1000 Hz, 3.54 cm/sec RMS. Band 2: Right Channel Calibration 1000 Hz, 3.54 cm/sec RMS.
1581:
2345:
1010:
1921:
111:
from other record companies. The process was controversial among CBS executives and unpopular with some artists. Classical guitarist
955:
438:
1532:
1181:
1140:(23 pages) (NB. Includes circuit diagram of the UREI CX Mastering Encoder/Decoder Model 1181 including half-speed modification.)
894:-system From January 1982 on I developed an integrated circuit for the CX compander in collaboration with the designers in the
2091:
2005:
605:
529:
1867:
1155:"Ein Tag mit Gerhart Metzler - Auf Schritt und Tritt verfolgte stereoplay einen der maĂźgeblichen HiFi-Macher bei der Arbeit"
1502:
Hitachi Quick Reference Guide to Integrated Circuits and Discrete Semiconductor Devices - Preferred European Type-Selection
641:
1278:
2154:
1695:
905:
835:
878:
263:
221:
2415:
1203:
391:
Telefunken RS 120 CX (belt-drive record player with built-in preamp and CX decoder based on the NJM13700D)
2389:
2366:
2028:
1875:
1832:
665:
2274:
1881:
1827:
2041:
1785:
1726:
1323:
1300:
620:
578:
550:
534:
259:
134:
98:
400:
PCX 975 by Heribert Heise (external phone preamp with CX decoder, claiming a dynamic range of up to 107 dB)
2448:
1443:
1058:
1838:
1162:
770:
2248:
1976:
1917:
1755:
1349:
997:. 100 Jahre Ton- und Bildspeicherung (in German). Vol. 55, no. 18, 19, 20, 21. Munich, Germany:
898:, semiconductor factory. From 5 to 9 April 1982 I went to CBS in Connecticut to get the finished circuit (
2186:
1675:
1614:
1210:
923:
708:
327:
141:
202:
1629:
1167:
1108:
954:. London, UK: The British Library Sound Archive (www.bl.uk.). Chapter 9. Reciprocal noise reduction.
731:
561:
160:
156:
93:
2029:"$ 70 decoder for new CX records - Provides 20 dB noise reduction when used with CX-encoded records"
2036:
1960:
1790:
1731:
1291:
998:
545:
503:
361:
355:
228:
130:
1327:
2443:
1886:
1802:
1743:
1479:
1457:
1247:
840:
298:
233:
1364:
1948:
1779:
986:
394:
Telefunken RS 220 CX (direct drive record player with built-in preamp and CX decoder)
2127:
2122:
2045:
1964:
1842:
1794:
1735:
1638:
1574:
1547:
1407:
1173:
1002:
814:
765:
724:
573:
367:
2335:
1609:
1365:"V13700D/M - Dual Operational Transconductance Amplifier with Linearizing Diodes and Buffers"
981:
2087:
1474:
789:
781:
748:
508:
41:
1910:
1563:(NB. This article describes a do-it-yourself CX decoder based on the Hitachi HD12044 chip.)
1401:"LM13700 - Dual Operational Transconductance Amplifier with Linearizing Diodes and Buffers"
48:) in the late 1970s as a low-cost competitor to other noise reduction (NR) systems such as
1985:
1764:
1688:
800:
713:
302:
238:
33:
1447:
1346:
LM13700 - Dual Operational Transconductance Amplifier with Linearizing Diodes and Buffers
951:
2143:
2117:
167:
noise reduction system, a broadband compander with up to 20 dB of noise reduction.
122:
reference design published by CBS, many third-party builders of CX decoders used a dual
895:
691:
584:
524:
488:
452:
373:
1154:
967:(NB. Strongly biased from a British perspective, but nevertheless very knowledgeable.)
2437:
1543:
795:
660:
653:
636:
626:
514:
478:
271:
243:
218:
37:
2080:
1999:
418:
The following vinyl records are known to have been produced in CX encoded editions:
977:
743:
719:
703:
600:
472:
456:
432:
349:
306:
reception rather than improving it, support dried up and the system was abandoned.
890:
in autumn of 1981, CBS in the U.S. introduced a compander for vinyl records, the
163:, Dietrich Höppner and Kurt Hintzmann, the same team who previously designed the
775:
755:
648:
612:
594:
467:
427:
89:
53:
1270:
1138:
1136:
982:"Von der Tonwalze zur Bildplatte (Teil II) - Entwicklung der Magnetbandtechnik"
2370:
2160:
2126:. Vol. 12, no. 12. Gernsback Publications, Inc. pp. 43–46, 75.
1234:
1214:
891:
672:
568:
556:
540:
385:
364:/ Phoenix Systems CX decoder by John Roberts (DIY project based on the CA3280)
145:
112:
103:
77:
2131:
2049:
1968:
1911:"CA3280, CA3280A - Dual, 9 MHz, Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA)"
1846:
1798:
1739:
1551:
1177:
1006:
1475:"CBS Stresses CX Commitment - Seeks more Hardware Firms' Support for System"
1371:
498:
462:
422:
388:
RN 100 CX (external phono preamp with CX decoder based on LM13700)
211:
76:
CX was originally designed by CBS as a noise-reduction technology for vinyl
1953:
991:
874:
1537:
1452:
1090:
677:
164:
81:
49:
1709:
Roberts, John (March 1983). "CX - an approach to disc noise reduction".
194:
The implementation of a software decoder for CX is under consideration.
2081:"NE5517, NE5517A, AU5517 - Dual Operational Transconductance Amplifier"
1505:
1498:"ICs for Consumer Applications - Audio Application - Other Application"
1086:
1082:
1078:
448:
397:
336:
191:
non-CX encoded versions. A total of about 150 CX encoded titles exist.
168:
25:
The CX logo, present on LPs and laserdiscs utilizing CX noise reduction
1073:
899:
696:
85:
2337:
CX Sampler: CBS Records Introduces CX - The quiet evolution in audio
382:
Soundcraftsmen Differential/Comparator Preamp/Equalizer Model CX4200
379:
Soundcraftsmen Differential/Comparator Preamp-Equalizer Model CX4100
1631:
Laserdisc - CX Compression Specification for Laservision Videodiscs
1063:
409:
CX decoder by Markus Holtwiesche (DIY project based on the HA12044)
214:(LD) format. It was also used for the audio tracks on discs of the
21:
1317:"JRC NJM13600/13700 - Dual Operational Transconductance Amplifier"
201:
20:
1535:[CX decoder - phonograph record playback without noise].
206:
Back of a Laserdisc sleeve, noting the use of CX noise reduction.
403:
281:
The names given by CBS to the two different versions of CX were
138:
119:
2249:"CX-Decoder/-Expander fĂĽr CX-codierte Langspielplatten (Vinyl)"
1542:(in Dutch). Vol. 23, no. 3 #233. Beek, Netherlands:
1492:
1490:
2341:
2313:
1295:
340:
321:
254:
playback would accentuate their noise to unacceptable levels.
215:
45:
1290:
Back in the early 80's I got a phone call from the editor of
1116:. 6/82 (preliminary ed.). Sun Valley, California, USA:
1868:"CX e DNR - Gli ultimi sviluppi nella riduzione del rumore"
1448:"CX Discs: Better, Worse & the Same as a normal record"
1056:"Das CX RauschunterdrĂĽckungs-Verfahren fĂĽr Schallplatten".
370:
CX decoder by Joel Cohen (DIY project based on the LM13700)
266:
artifacts during CX decoded playback were reduced as well.
2367:"Informations- und Meßplatte CX-Störunterdrückungssystem"
358:
CX Decoder R-1000 (external CX 14 expander for LDs)
2216:"Engineering Data Allison EGC-101 and related circuits"
2090:/ Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC. June 2013.
950:
Copeland, Peter (February 2009) . Redlich, Gert (ed.).
965:– via Deutsches Hifi-Museum, Wiesbaden, Germany.
2221:. Nashville, Tennessee, USA: allison research, inc.
1780:"CX-Dekoder - Schallplattenwiedergabe ohne Rauschen"
1665:
1663:
1604:
1602:
1527:
1525:
343:
projects based on the LM13700D/NE5517N and HA12044)
1778:
56:, and was officially introduced in 1981. The name
952:"Manual of Analoque Sound Restoration Techniques"
2275:"CX-encoded Vinyl Records: CX-Expander/-Decoder"
1148:
1146:
1051:
1049:
1047:
922:(revised ed.). Stamford, Connecticut, USA:
868:
866:
864:
862:
346:Kort Elektronik Dynamik Expander + CX Decoder SR
16:Noise reduction system for recorded analog audio
1573:Dyson, John S.; Hess, Richard L. (2019-03-12).
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
945:
943:
941:
939:
937:
935:
933:
1533:"CX-dekoder - grammofoon weergave zonder ruis"
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
144:chips TL084 in their designs. Among them were
914:
912:
8:
1835:– up-to-date electronics for lab and leisure
1828:"CX and DNR - the latest in noise reduction"
2390:"Das 'CX' Störunterdrückungssystem der CBS"
1575:"DYSON-HESS Noise Reduction Decoder System"
1469:
1467:
1103:
1101:
1959:(in German). No. 6. Munich, Germany:
1730:(in German). Vol. 1981, no. 12.
1245:"Slow Progress Seen in CBS' CX Campaign".
1120:(UREI). June 1982 . ark:/13960/t0ms7nx1d.
920:Handbook CX Low Cost Expander Model E-1016
2070:(6 pages) (NB. Includes circuit diagram.)
1878:– elettronica - scienza tecnica e diletto
1789:(in German). Vol. 1983, no. 3.
1204:"Signal compression and expansion system"
804:- CBS Associated Records – Z 36812 - 1981
1880:(in Italian). Vol. 4, no. 37.
631:First 25 Years: Silver Anniversary Album
2344:. 1982. P16859 CXSM 170258 / 170259 .
1118:United Recording Electronics Industries
826:
314:These devices are known to support CX:
1974:
1753:
1684:
1673:
597:- Tapestry - Epic/Ode Records PE 34946
171:also offered dedicated CX chips named
124:operational transconductance amplifier
68:pansion", a feature of the technique.
7:
1891:(JCE). June 1982. pp. 6-49–6-53
1793:. March 1983. pp. 3-34 – 3-??.
1641:. 1982-08-12. ark:/13960/t0ms7nx1d.
760:The Last Words of the Great Explorer
137:), coupled with a pair of quadruple
2273:Holtwiesche, Markus (2021-02-19) .
2247:Holtwiesche, Markus (2018-07-19) .
1841:February 1982. pp. 2-41–2-45.
836:"CBS Improves the Standard LP disk"
737:Simon and Garfunkel's Greatest Hits
684:Freddie Salem & The Wildcats -
151:In 1982, the CX integrated circuit
2454:Vinyl disc noise reduction systems
2388:Richter, Georg, ed. (2010-02-06).
2309:CBS CX Expander Calibration Record
2001:Phase Linear CX-Dekoder Modell 220
1202:Glaberson, John B. (1983-03-15) .
1153:Kamfenkel, Klaus (November 1982).
198:Use on LaserDisc and CED VideoDisc
14:
1161:(in German). Stuttgart, Germany:
873:Schröder, Ernst F. (2009) .
645:- Columbia Records FC37995 - 1982
444:Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark
1946:"(unknown)". Gerätevorstellung.
1546:March 1983. pp. 3-68–3-76.
1460:from the original on 2021-12-21.
2422:from the original on 2017-11-05
2396:from the original on 2021-05-03
2377:from the original on 2021-05-03
2348:from the original on 2021-05-03
2320:from the original on 2017-11-05
2285:from the original on 2021-05-03
2255:from the original on 2021-05-01
2228:from the original on 2021-05-05
2197:from the original on 2021-05-05
2167:from the original on 2021-05-02
2097:from the original on 2021-05-05
2059:from the original on 2021-03-08
2008:from the original on 2017-11-05
1927:from the original on 2021-05-05
1900:(NB. Includes circuit diagram.)
1817:(NB. Includes circuit diagram.)
1648:from the original on 2021-05-02
1587:from the original on 2021-05-08
1417:from the original on 2021-05-05
1381:from the original on 2021-05-05
1281:from the original on 2021-05-03
1225:from the original on 2021-05-03
1184:from the original on 2021-05-05
1127:from the original on 2021-05-02
1013:from the original on 2017-12-08
958:from the original on 2017-11-05
881:from the original on 2016-04-16
848:from the original on 2021-05-03
2118:"HI-FI CX Decoder For Records"
2027:Roberts, John (January 1982).
318:Backes & MĂĽller CX Decoder
1:
2416:"CX Encoder/Compander thread"
2116:Cohen, Joel (December 1981).
1110:CX-Encoder/Decoder Model 1181
875:"The Story of HIGH COM"
700:- Columbia CX PC 37158 - 1981
92:systems, but, like the later
2040:. Vol. 20, no. 1.
1963:. March 1983. pp. 94–.
1882:Jacopo Castelfranchi Editore
1540:- Maandblad voor Elektronika
1410:. November 2015 . SNOSBW2F.
1269:Roberts, John (2017-10-20).
1069:(in German). November 1982.
293:Use in FM radio broadcasting
1271:"Re: Vinyl CBS CX Encoding"
834:Fantel, Hans (1981-07-12).
688:- Epic Records 38018 - 1982
633:- Columbia Records - (1981)
591:- Epic Records 38064 - 1982
40:audio. It was developed by
2470:
1326:2006-04-06. Archived from
980:(September–October 1983).
352:/ aie CX Decoder Model 220
2418:(in German). 2008-02-20.
2386:(NB. 17 cm record.)
2185:Böhm, Peter, ed. (2012).
2042:Ziff-Davis Publishing Co.
1984:Cite uses generic title (
1763:Cite uses generic title (
1618:. 1982-05-01. p. 42.
1324:New Japan Radio Co., Ltd.
844:. p. section 2: 21.
681:- Columbia Records 36183
657:- Columbia Records 38660
376:Preamplifier Model CX4000
159:-Telefunken, Germany, by
99:dynamic range compression
80:, similar to the earlier
2156:Einzelbaustein RN 100 CX
1251:. 1982-02-20. p. 3.
1191:– via Hifi-Museum.
1163:Vereinigte Motor-Verlage
778:/Columbia Records - 1982
740:- Columbia Records 31350
565:- Columbia Records 36384
495:- Columbia Records 37975
485:- Columbia Records 33586
483:Copland Conducts Copland
414:CX encoded vinyl records
333:cm labs cm678 CX decoder
324:CX Expander Model E-1016
2373:. 66.10 230-01-1.
1839:Elektor Publishers Ltd.
1724:"(unknown)". Selektor.
1612:. Video: New Products.
771:Heartbeats And Triggers
330:CX Compandor Model 9101
72:Use on vinyl LP records
2134:. ark:/13960/t56d7cw1h
1918:Intersil Americas Inc.
1849:. ark:/13960/t5bc9qf8v
1683:Cite journal requires
1554:. ark:/13960/t56f16p1t
1508:. 1984. pp. 5, 46
1352:. June 2004. DS007981.
1350:National Semiconductor
762:- Epic BL 37432 - 1981
756:T.V. Smith's Explorers
207:
26:
2159:(flyer) (in German).
1694:CS1 maint: location (
1444:Taylor, Matthew "Mat"
1215:U.S. patent 4,376,916
1211:CBS Broadcasting Inc.
924:CBS Technology Center
732:Simon & Garfunkel
728:- Carrere CXAL 537685
709:Strong Arm of the Law
669:- Epic Records - 1982
609:- Columbia CXAL 38023
328:CBS Technology Center
205:
142:operational amplifier
104:U.S. patent 4,376,916
24:
2187:"CX Decoder RN100CX"
1920:May 2002. FN1174.6.
1483:: 4, 79. 1983-01-29.
310:CX enabled equipment
36:system for recorded
2037:Popular Electronics
2004:(in German). 2017.
1961:Franzis-Verlag GmbH
1791:Elektor Verlag GmbH
1732:Elektor Verlag GmbH
1292:Popular Electronics
999:Franzis-Verlag GmbH
521:- Columbia CX 37420
504:Blood on the Tracks
362:Popular Electronics
841:The New York Times
234:Olivia Newton-John
224:Videodisc system.
208:
60:was derived from "
27:
2123:Radio-Electronics
1734:. December 1981.
1408:Texas Instruments
815:Signal processing
725:Denim and Leather
589:Too Good To Hurry
574:The Nylon Curtain
511:- (1982 re-issue)
368:Radio-Electronics
161:Ernst F. Schröder
155:was developed by
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2326:
2325:
2316:. 1981. CX-REF.
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2088:ON Semiconductor
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2064:
2058:
2044:pp. 39–44.
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854:
853:
831:
790:Columbia Records
782:Deniece Williams
509:Columbia Records
106:
90:High-Com II
54:High-Com II
42:CBS Laboratories
2469:
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2449:Sound recording
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2301:Further reading
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833:
832:
828:
823:
811:
801:Blizzard of Ozz
642:Come Back To Me
623:CX 85878 (1982)
416:
312:
297:CX was used in
295:
239:Olivia Physical
200:
102:
74:
44:(a division of
34:noise reduction
17:
12:
11:
5:
2467:
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2410:
2409:External links
2407:
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2302:
2299:
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2207:
2177:
2146:
2120:. Build This.
2108:
2086:. Revision 4.
2072:
2019:
1991:
1938:
1902:
1859:
1819:
1770:
1716:
1701:
1685:|journal=
1659:
1621:
1598:
1565:
1521:
1486:
1463:
1446:(2017-10-19).
1428:
1392:
1356:
1337:
1333:on 2020-01-29.
1308:
1254:
1237:
1194:
1142:
1097:
1091:High Com
1023:
969:
929:
908:
896:AEG-Telefunken
858:
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592:
585:Charly McClain
582:
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554:
538:
525:Julio Iglesias
522:
519:Double Rainbow
512:
496:
489:Lacy J. Dalton
486:
476:
460:
459:FE37411 - 1981
453:Virgin Records
436:
415:
412:
411:
410:
407:
401:
395:
392:
389:
383:
380:
377:
374:Soundcraftsmen
371:
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294:
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242:, released by
199:
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165:High Com
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2395:
2392:(in German).
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2251:(in German).
2250:
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2193:(in German).
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2002:
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1978:
1977:cite magazine
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1756:cite magazine
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1544:Elektuur B.V.
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978:Bruch, Walter
973:
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944:
942:
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926:. 1981-08-02.
925:
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796:Ozzy Osbourne
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666:Randy Meisner
662:
661:Randy Meisner
659:
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638:
637:Marty Robbins
635:
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627:Johnny Mathis
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515:Terumasa Hino
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339:CX decoders (
338:
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272:Pioneer Video
267:
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244:MCA Videodisc
241:
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219:SelectaVision
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82:dbx disc
79:
71:
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67:
63:
59:
55:
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47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
23:
19:
2424:. Retrieved
2398:. Retrieved
2379:. Retrieved
2356:
2350:. Retrieved
2340:(Vinyl LP).
2336:
2328:
2322:. Retrieved
2312:(Vinyl LP).
2308:
2287:. Retrieved
2278:
2268:
2257:. Retrieved
2242:
2230:. Retrieved
2210:
2199:. Retrieved
2191:Radio Museum
2190:
2180:
2169:. Retrieved
2155:
2149:
2136:. Retrieved
2121:
2111:
2099:. Retrieved
2075:
2061:. Retrieved
2035:
2022:
2010:. Retrieved
2000:
1994:
1947:
1941:
1929:. Retrieved
1905:
1893:. Retrieved
1874:
1862:
1851:. Retrieved
1831:
1822:
1810:. Retrieved
1784:
1773:
1725:
1719:
1711:Studio Sound
1710:
1704:
1676:cite journal
1650:. Retrieved
1630:
1624:
1613:
1589:. Retrieved
1568:
1556:. Retrieved
1536:
1516:
1510:. Retrieved
1501:
1478:
1451:
1419:. Retrieved
1395:
1390:(29+1 pages)
1383:. Retrieved
1359:
1345:
1340:
1328:the original
1311:
1289:
1283:. Retrieved
1274:
1246:
1240:
1227:. Retrieved
1197:
1186:. Retrieved
1158:
1129:. Retrieved
1109:
1070:
1057:
1015:. Retrieved
985:
972:
960:. Retrieved
919:
889:
883:. Retrieved
850:. Retrieved
839:
829:
799:
786:I'm So Proud
785:
769:
759:
747:
744:The Sinceros
735:
723:
707:
695:
685:
676:
664:
652:
640:
630:
616:
604:
601:Frank Marino
588:
572:
562:Glass Houses
560:
544:
528:
518:
502:
492:
482:
473:Epic Records
466:
457:Epic Records
442:
433:Epic Records
426:
417:
350:phase linear
313:
296:
286:
282:
280:
276:
268:
256:
251:
248:
237:
226:
209:
193:
189:
184:
180:
176:
172:
152:
150:
126:
118:Based on an
117:
109:
75:
65:
61:
57:
29:
28:
18:
1952: [
1885: [
1610:"Adding CX"
1166: [
1062: [
990: [
776:415 Records
716:CXBL 537679
649:Men at Work
613:Jimmy Cliff
595:Carole King
546:52nd Street
493:16th Avenue
468:Combat Rock
428:Sandinista!
187:) in 1983.
86:dbx II
64:ompatible e
2438:Categories
2426:2017-11-05
2400:2021-05-03
2381:2021-05-03
2371:Telefunken
2352:2021-05-04
2324:2017-11-05
2289:2021-05-03
2259:2021-05-02
2237:(13 pages)
2232:2021-05-05
2201:2021-05-05
2171:2021-05-02
2161:Telefunken
2138:2021-05-04
2106:(16 pages)
2101:2021-05-05
2063:2021-05-02
2012:2017-11-05
1936:(10 pages)
1931:2021-05-05
1895:2020-07-12
1853:2021-05-05
1812:2021-05-02
1652:2021-05-02
1596:(23 pages)
1591:2021-05-07
1580:. 0.7.1a.
1558:2017-11-09
1512:2017-11-09
1426:(37 pages)
1421:2021-05-05
1385:2021-05-05
1354:(26 pages)
1335:(6+1 page)
1285:2021-05-04
1229:2021-05-04
1188:2021-05-05
1159:stereoplay
1131:2021-05-02
1017:2017-12-08
962:2017-11-05
885:2016-04-16
852:2021-05-04
821:References
766:Translator
673:Pink Floyd
606:Juggernaut
569:Billy Joel
557:Billy Joel
541:Billy Joel
386:Telefunken
185:CX 20
177:CX 14
146:Telefunken
113:Liona Boyd
84:(based on
78:LP records
2444:LaserDisc
2132:0033-7862
2050:0032-4485
1969:0016-2841
1949:Funkschau
1847:1757-0875
1799:0932-5468
1740:0932-5468
1657:(8 pages)
1615:Billboard
1552:0013-5895
1480:Billboard
1372:coolaudio
1248:Billboard
1178:0172-388X
1007:0016-2841
987:Funkschau
838:. Sound.
686:Cat Dance
499:Bob Dylan
463:The Clash
423:The Clash
303:FM stereo
264:breathing
252:undecoded
212:LaserDisc
2420:Archived
2394:Archived
2375:Archived
2346:Archived
2318:Archived
2283:Archived
2279:diyAudio
2253:Archived
2223:Archived
2195:Archived
2165:Archived
2163:. 1982.
2092:Archived
2054:Archived
2006:Archived
1922:Archived
1713:: 52–53.
1643:Archived
1582:Archived
1538:Elektuur
1458:Archived
1453:Techmoan
1412:Archived
1376:Archived
1279:Archived
1275:GroupDIY
1220:Archived
1182:Archived
1122:Archived
1011:Archived
956:Archived
879:Archived
846:Archived
809:See also
749:Pet Rock
678:The Wall
581:CX 85959
553:CX 83181
537:CX 25002
530:Momentos
129:made by
50:dbx disc
1876:elektor
1833:Elektor
1786:Elektor
1727:Elektor
1639:Pioneer
1506:Hitachi
1083:Dolby B
1079:Thorens
714:Carrere
692:Santana
617:Special
449:Dindisc
398:Thorens
356:Pioneer
337:Elektor
260:pumping
229:Pioneer
181:HA12044
173:HA12043
169:Hitachi
133:(today
2130:
2048:
1967:
1845:
1807:ELKRCM
1805:
1797:
1748:ELKRCM
1746:
1738:
1550:
1176:
1074:Teldec
1005:
900:U2141B
792:- 1983
752:- 1981
697:Zebop!
475:- 1982
439:O.M.D.
435:- 1980
179:) and
153:U2141B
127:13700D
88:) and
38:analog
2226:(PDF)
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2095:(PDF)
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1956:]
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1914:(PDF)
1889:]
1871:(PDF)
1803:CODEN
1744:CODEN
1646:(PDF)
1635:(PDF)
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1578:(PDF)
1415:(PDF)
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1207:(PDF)
1170:]
1125:(PDF)
1114:(PDF)
1089:oder
1066:]
1059:AUDIO
994:]
720:Saxon
704:Saxon
654:Cargo
287:CX-14
283:CX-20
183:(for
175:(for
32:is a
2128:ISSN
2046:ISSN
1986:help
1965:ISSN
1843:ISSN
1795:ISSN
1765:help
1736:ISSN
1696:link
1689:help
1548:ISSN
1174:ISSN
1003:ISSN
404:UREI
285:and
139:JFET
120:UREI
52:and
2342:CBS
2314:CBS
1301:AES
1296:CBS
621:CBS
579:CBS
551:CBS
535:CBS
341:DIY
322:CBS
299:FMX
262:or
236:'s
222:CED
216:RCA
157:AEG
135:NJR
131:JRC
46:CBS
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1975:{{
1954:de
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892:CX
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1087:C
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66:X
62:C
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