390:: the Canadian Light Source (CLS). A proposal was made by the CSRF user community to take all three CSRF beamlines to the CLS and install them on the newer synchrotron. However the CLS' Facility Advisory Committee recommended that only the SGM beamline be re-used, with newer replacements constructed for the other two beamlines. In the event, only the monochromator and exit slit mechanism of the SGM beamline were taken to Canada and re-used, with some modifications, in the beamline of the same name at the CLS. The Grasshopper monochromator was also taken to the CLS, where it is now a museum piece, while the DCM beamline was left at SRC where it continues in use. At the CLS the VLS-PGM and SXRMB beamlines, respectively were built to replace those two beamlines.
375:
219:
329:
296:
156:
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by SRC as it was the only beamline at the facility to reach energies higher than 1500 eV. With two beamlines, use by the
Canadian community increased, with more than 40 scientists from 10 Canadian institutions using the facility from 1990 to 1992. Funding was now stable and adequate, with no charges to users.
205:(NRC) to build a Canadian beamline on the existing Tantalus synchrotron at SRC. Rowe had offered Bancroft 100% use of the beamline at no charge in perpetuity – Bancroft recalled that Rowe "had a soft spot for Canadians, he had some relatives from Canada, so he was extremely helpful". In 1978 the newly created
268:
the decision was made to transfer the beamline to
Aladdin in January 1986, some months before Aladdin's funding was restored. Bancroft later commented: "We were I think, the first beamline to transfer over, maybe we took a little bit of a risk because Aladdin's performance wasn't completely confirmed".
319:
with a novel bending mechanism to focus the X-ray beam after the monochromator. B.X. Yang, also from
Brookhaven, was hired in 1988 to construct the beamline. The beamline was built in less than 18 months, and was officially opened in 1990. The CSRF DCM beamline was regarded as particularly notable
267:
SRC was building a new synchrotron, Aladdin, and again Rowe offered CSRF 100% use of their beamline at no change in perpetuity on the new machine. Aladdin was seriously delayed, to the point where its funding was cut and future seemed highly uncertain. With the new machine's performance improving,
303:
The X-ray intensity from
Aladdin was much higher than on Tantalus, especially in the photon energy range up to 4000eV. These higher energies were potentially available using higher energy monochromators than the Grasshopper. In 1987, with Bancroft now chair of the Chemistry department at UWO he
209:
awarded capital funding. This was not sufficient, and further funding was obtained from the UWO Academic
Development Fund and NSERC the following year to complete two endstations. Bancoft would later say "We hoped to get more beamlines so we called it the Canadian Synchrotron Radiation Facility
842:
Hu, Y. F.; Zuin, L.; Wright, G.; Igarashi, R.; McKibben, M.; Wilson, T.; Chen, S. Y.; Johnson, T.; Maxwell, D.; Yates, B. W.; Sham, T. K.; Reininger, R. (207). "Commissioning and performance of the variable line spacing plane grating monochromator beamline at the
Canadian Light Source".
886:
Hu, Y. F.; Coulthard, I.; Chevrier, D.; Wright, Glen; Igarashi, R.; Sitnikov, A.; Yates, B. W.; Hallin, E.; Sham, T. K.; Reininger, R. (2009). "Preliminary
Commissioning and Performance of the Soft X‐ray Micro‐characterization Beamline at the Canadian Light Source".
210:(CSRF)". Bancroft was appointed Scientific Director, with Norman Sherman of NRC, who were to own and manage the facility, as manager. Operating money was initially provided by UWO, and Kim Tan was hired as the CSRF operations manager, to be based in Madison.
238:'s hind legs – was ordered from Baker Engineering. This type of monochromator had been specifically designed for use with synchrotron radiation, and had proven easy to use, rugged and dependable at the existing SRC ring, Tantalus, and at the
806:
Regier, T.; Paulsen, J.; Wright, G.; Coulthard, I.; Tan, K.; Sham, T. K..; Blyth, R. I. R. (2007). "Commissioning of the
Spherical Grating Monochromator Soft Xray Spectroscopy Beamline at the Canadian Light Source".
336:
The energy range from 300 to 1500 eV was still unavailable at CSRF, so in 1992 Bancroft applied to NSERC for a third beamline. Funding was obtained in 1994 and Brian Yates, who had been
Bancroft's first synchrotron
348:
monochromator, with a single grating covering the range 240–700 eV, designed and manufactured by MacPherson Inc. The beamline was somewhat delayed, but was operational for users in 1998. Adam
Hitchcock of
393:
CSRF formally ceased operations on March 31, 2008. Several ex-CSRF personnel, including Kim Tan, moved to the CLS, and the Saskatoon laboratory employed many former CSRF users. Emil Hallin, then of the
304:
planned for a new beamline to cover the 1500-400eV energy range. A successful application was made to the recently formed Ontario Centre for Materials Research, and T.K. Sham was hired away from
518:
Tan, K. H.; Bancroft, G. M.; Coatsworth, L. L.; Yates, B. W. (1982). "Mark IV "Grasshopper" grazing incidence monochromator for the Canadian Synchrotron Radiation Facility (CSRF)".
206:
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159:
Opening ceremony for CSRF at SRC, October 1983. L to R: Norman Sherman, Bill McGowan, Brian Yates (UWO), Ed Rowe, Brenda Addison (UWO), Mike Bancroft, Kim Tan
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For the last 10 years of its existence CSRF was managed by Walter Davidson of NRC, with T.K. Sham (UWO) as Scientific Director. In 2004 the SGM beamline was
945:
950:
239:
666:
Green, Michael A.; Huber, David L.; Rowe, Ednor M.; Tonner, Brian (1991). "The Synchrotron Radiation Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison".
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and taken to Canada for use on the new Canadian facility, while the remaining two beamlines, 30 and 15 years old, were still working well in 2007.
631:
Tan, K. H.; Bancroft, G. M.; Coatsworth, L. L.; Yates, B. W. (1992). "Doublecrystal monochromator beam line on the Aladdin 1GeV storage ring".
382:
Following a prolonged campaign by the Canadian synchrotron user community, the decision was made in 1999 to build a Canadian synchrotron in
132:
444:
Bancroft, G. Michael (2007). "The Canadian Synchrotron Radiation Facility (CSRF) in Madison — Twenty-five years of soft X-ray research".
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which designed the CLS, now its Director of Strategic Scientific Development, got his first experience of synchrotron beamlines at CSRF.
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202:
95:
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20:
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264:. In the mid-1980s the number of publications steadily increased, as did operating funding through NRC and NSERC.
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120:
51:
242:. The beamline was installed within a year, and by late 1981 initial results showed the performance to be
186:, but as a result of contact established with then-director Ed Rowe at the meeting, he began work at the
709:
Yates, B. W.; Hu, Y. F.; Tan, K. H.; Retzlaff, G.; Cavell, R. G.; Sham, T. K..; Bancroft, G. M. (2000).
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Kim Tan (L) and Masoud Kasrai UWO, (R) with the Grasshopper beamline on the Aladdin ring, late 1980s
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monochromator (DCM) was selected, to be built by the Madison Physical Sciences Laboratory, using a
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intensity, new areas of science were opened up and the number of users increased mostly focused on
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58:
740:
691:
191:
83:
24:
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spectroscopy of gases and solids. A photoemission spectrometer was donated by Ron Cavell of the
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on biological samples, and gas-phase spectroscopy with a very influential series of papers on
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student, was hired to construct the beamline. The design chosen was a so-called Dragon-type
257:
243:
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112:
856:
820:
758:
Bancroft, G. M. (2004). "The Canadian Light Source — History and scientific prospects".
679:
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695:
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915:"Vice Chancellor for Research Seminar Series Dr. Emil Hallin, Canadian Light Source"
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574:
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Goodwin, Irwin (1986). "For Wisconsin's Synchrotron Ring, the Future is Bright".
261:
235:
477:
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710:
70:
383:
218:
171:
168:
140:
135:, US, it served the Canadian synchrotron community until the opening of the
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736:
582:
124:
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Robinson, Arthur L. (1985). "NSF Unplugs Wisconsin Synchrotron Source".
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178:(UWO) took part in a workshop organised by Bill McGowan on the uses of
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This article is about the former Canadian synchrotron facility at the
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donated a photoemission spectrometer for coincidence measurements.
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The SGM beamline seen on the day of its official opening, 1999
27:. For the present Canadian national synchrotron facility, see
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The Grasshopper monochromator, now a museum piece at the CLS
123:
facility from 1983 to 2005. Eventually consisting of three
197:
After several failed attempts were made to establish a
711:"First results from the Canadian SGM beamline at SRC"
234:– so-called as its mechanical drive arm resembled a
117:
Institut canadien du rayonnement synchrotron – ICRS
89:
79:
69:
57:
47:
39:
786:"CSRF – Grasshopper Beamline Project Description"
287:and modified for high resolution gas-phase work.
182:. At the time there were no synchrotron users in
201:in Canada, Bancroft submitted a proposal to the
16:Synchrotron facility in Madison, Wisconsin, US
364:The Canadian Light Source and the end of CSRF
8:
34:
299:Opening ceremony for the DCM beamline, 1990
33:
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240:Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
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105:Canadian Synchrotron Radiation Facility
35:Canadian Synchrotron Radiation Facility
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147:, finally ceasing operations in 2008.
7:
396:Saskatchewan Accelerator Laboratory
946:National Research Council (Canada)
478:"Bancroft Oral History Transcript"
14:
308:to design the beamline. A double
951:Synchrotron radiation facilities
845:Review of Scientific Instruments
715:Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
668:Review of Scientific Instruments
633:Review of Scientific Instruments
956:University of Wisconsin–Madison
214:1978–1988: Grasshopper beamline
133:University of Wisconsin–Madison
476:Bancroft, Mike (8 July 2009).
306:Brookhaven National Laboratory
1:
760:Canadian Journal of Chemistry
575:10.1126/science.228.4706.1410
520:Canadian Journal of Chemistry
446:Canadian Journal of Chemistry
176:University of Western Ontario
271:On Aladdin, with the higher
256:Notable early work included
188:Synchrotron Radiation Center
129:Synchrotron Radiation Center
972:
889:AIP Conference Proceedings
809:AIP Conference Proceedings
367:
18:
728:10.1107/S0909049500007214
203:National Research Council
96:National Research Council
119:) was Canada's national
52:Synchrotron light source
324:1998–2008: SGM beamline
291:1988–1998: DCM beamline
851:(8): 083109–083109–5.
499:Cite journal requires
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333:
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370:Canadian Light Source
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285:University of Alberta
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180:synchrotron radiation
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137:Canadian Light Source
29:Canadian Light Source
199:synchrotron facility
857:2007RScI...78h3109H
821:2007AIPC..879..473R
680:1992RScI...63.1582G
645:1992RScI...63.1355Y
610:1986PhT....39g..49G
567:1985Sci...228.1410R
532:1982CaJPh..60..131T
351:McMaster University
36:
380:
334:
301:
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192:Madison, Wisconsin
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84:Madison, Wisconsin
48:Research type
25:Madison, Wisconsin
901:10.1063/1.3463208
865:10.1063/1.2778613
829:10.1063/1.2436101
788:. 5 December 2000
688:10.1063/1.1142981
653:10.1063/1.1143069
618:10.1063/1.2815077
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917:. Archived from
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277:X-ray absorption
258:X-ray microscopy
244:state of the art
91:Operating agency
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452:(10): 637–644.
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246:over the 50–500
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721:(5): 296–300.
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561:(4706): 1410.
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526:(2): 131–136.
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368:Main article:
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923:. Retrieved
919:the original
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895:: 343–346.
815:: 473–476.
314:cylindrical
262:noble gases
236:grasshopper
228:Grasshopper
194:, in 1975.
121:synchrotron
40:Established
940:Categories
925:2012-08-01
792:2012-07-31
483:2012-08-05
402:References
151:Beginnings
65:T. K. Sham
696:122002706
604:(7): 49.
384:Saskatoon
343:spherical
190:(SRC) in
172:professor
169:chemistry
141:Saskatoon
125:beamlines
873:17764315
745:31424238
737:16609211
583:17814477
163:In 1972
80:Location
59:Director
853:Bibcode
817:Bibcode
676:Bibcode
641:Bibcode
606:Bibcode
563:Bibcode
555:Science
528:Bibcode
346:grating
310:crystal
174:at the
131:at the
127:at the
871:
743:
735:
694:
581:
317:mirror
251:photon
230:-type
184:Canada
113:French
741:S2CID
692:S2CID
273:X-ray
207:NSERC
71:Staff
893:1234
869:PMID
733:PMID
579:PMID
505:help
279:and
167:, a
109:CSRF
103:The
43:1982
897:doi
861:doi
825:doi
813:879
768:doi
723:doi
684:doi
649:doi
614:doi
571:doi
559:228
536:doi
454:doi
339:PhD
139:in
111:) (
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