251:
33:
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435:
225:, patrolled the depots to check for survivors and maintain the facilities. The steamers visited each island every six months, doing maintenance and repairs of the facilities, cutting firewood for the huts, and dropping off stocks of live animals. The steamers also transported (and supplied) a number of scientific expeditions that enabled collections and observations on the islands to be made.
71:
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to carry them from
Enderby Island to Auckland Island. Following their rescue, a government steamer moved the punt to a new boatshed on Rose Island (that lies south west of Enderby Island), for the use of any marooned there. After the collapse of the historic Rose Island boatshed in 1973, the punt was
458:
on 20 March 1887. Eight of the 23 crew made it ashore. A depot was in place at Sandy Bay, but looters had removed all supplies but a bottle of salt, so the castaways subsisted on shellfish and a small quantity of wheat recovered from the wreck. After 92 days they discovered an axe head in the
628:
After several attempts and the loss of two boats, they made a successful crossing to the island in
October and journeyed across it to the depot. They found a boat at the depot along with the supplies, so after making sails from their clothing, the four men sailed back to Disappointment Island to
259:
Government work crews built the supply depots out of various materials and to various sizes and designs. They were equipped with a range of emergency rations (tinned meat and biscuits), clothing, blankets, fishing equipment, medicine, matches and tools, and weapons and ammunition (to hunt food).
254:
Captain Hooper of the New
Zealand Government training ship Amokura with maritime cadets, penguins, and the castaway depot on the Bounty Islands, around 1910. Between 1907 and 1918 the cadets made annual excursions to the island groups to provide them with rough-weather experience. The depot was
423:
There were a total of nine shipwrecks leaving marooned castaways in the New
Zealand subantarctic between 1833 and 1908. Some survivors' lives were saved by the existence of the castaway depots. The Auckland Islands alone had eight known shipwrecks – including those with no
573:
Captain Le Tellac commended the provisions that the government had left for the castaways, without which they would not have survived. Some of the supplies that should have been there were missing; these were later recovered from the house of a Mr. Fleming, a lessee of the island.
336:
Some depots were targeted by thieves, whalers and other seamen who saw the depots as a source of free food and provisions. To discourage raiding, clothing left at the depots was often distinctively marked, so it could be identified, and warnings were painted on the huts.
116:
difficult. The uninhabited
Auckland Islands lay directly within the standard route. In the event of a shipwreck on any of these islands, due to their subantarctic climate they offered little natural sustenance or provisions to castaways.
152:, en route to Chile, was wrecked on the northwestern end of the island. Of the 25 crew members, 19 made it ashore, but only three survived the winter. The others succumbed to exposure; they were unaware of the presence of the
490:
was overwhelmed by fire on board. With seas too rough to launch boats, the barque was driven onto the rocks off the North Cape of
Auckland Island. All of the 17 crew members made it ashore, although one of them later died.
494:
They obtained relief and sustenance from two nearby depots, supplemented by livestock that had been released onto the island, and survived in comparatively good health until rescued 122 days later by the sealing schooner
1334:
803:
519:
out of a crew of 16 failed to find the depots after foundering on a reef off the
Antipodes Islands in 1893. The island is mountainous and their weakened physical state prevented them searching the island for the depots.
302:, retain rare characteristics. The Department of Conservation has transported some of these previously introduced animal populations off the islands and onto the New Zealand mainland, where they are monitored by the
650:
that was wrecked off the North Cape of
Antipodes Island on 13 March 1908. Their lifeboat was broken up by the waves and all their stores were lost, but the entire crew made it ashore not far from one of the depots.
395:
noted that the Bounty Island depot had been destroyed by waves, even though located 100 ft above sea level. Attempts were made to land wood for rebuilding, but bad weather prevented the completion of the task.
313:
Some islands were provided with boatsheds to enable survivors to reach other land or close castaway depots, such as the depot on
Enderby Island that was replaced by a boat shed for survivors to reach the nearby
466:, where they obtained supplies from the government depot that had been established there. They then returned to collect the remaining men, and the group lived at Port Ross until they were rescued by the sealer
415:, on Auckland Island was identified in a 2003 DOC survey as "worthy of inclusion on the 'actively managed' list." DOC also maintain other historical sites on the islands, including shipwreck relics.
564:
on three of the ship's boats after rowing against strong currents. Ten days later they reached the depot at Camp Cove, that provided them with ample supplies as well as the shipping schedule of the
263:
Various animals were released onto the islands to breed and provide food for castaways. Pigs were released on the
Auckland Islands from the early 19th century, followed later by goats on Auckland,
211:. In 1877, the central New Zealand government took over responsibility for managing the network of supply huts and cabins on their territorial islands to provide sustenance and emergency supplies.
1327:
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retrieve their shipmates and return to the depot. With a gun and ammunition, the castaways were able to supplement their diet with wild cattle hunted on Rose and Enderby Islands.
142:
during a storm in January 1864; the five survivors lived in huts made from salvaged materials for 19 months before three members of the crew made the journey successfully to
942:
260:
Clothing was specially made out of durable, warm fabrics, and stored in metal drums. "Finger posts" (signposts) were set up on the island to direct castaways to the huts.
101:. These winds could be strong and the waters treacherous; moreover, the smattering of islands was often poorly charted. For example, in 1868, Henry Armstrong of the
303:
62:
in the late-19th and early-20th centuries that were kept supplied and patrolled until modern technologies and alteration in trade routes rendered them unnecessary.
654:
After they had used up the depot's supplies, they hunted albatrosses, penguins and a calf – the sole remnant of the cattle that had been set ashore earlier by the
617:
in the Auckland Islands. The island lacked a depot, and the 17 castaways from a crew of 28 subsisted on what water and food they could find, mainly
165:
was wrecked on the western coast of Auckland Islands. Fifteen of the 83 on board survived the wreck, but only ten endured on the island until rescued by the
228:
After about 1927, patrols and depot maintenance were discontinued due to improved radio technology and the falling out of use of the 40°S route for trade.
146:
in five days in the repaired ship's boat; Captain Musgrave then arranged a rescue of the remaining two castaways. The same year, the three-masted clipper
727:
1496:
1491:
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404:
127:
that was wrecked on the Auckland Islands in 1864, described the "incessant gales, constant hail, snow and pelting rain" that plagued the survivors.
368:, had a depot, shelter and boatshed. On Enderby Island, the Stella Hut was located inland from the later boat shed at Sandy Bay. Rose Island and
169:
18 months later. These experiences prompted a concerted programme to manage the risk of castaways in the area, and depots were established.
424:
survivors – between 1864 and 1907, at the cost of 121 lives; a number of these are buried at the historic Enderby cemetery.
287:
on Enderby Island, but had been released there earlier as castaway stock. Many of these animals died, but some survived into the 20th century.
360:
tree (known as the Victoria Tree) with a carved inscription commemorating the routine castaway survey visit of the Australian government ship
1154:
636:
on 16 November, and once Captain Bollons had completed his steamship's survey of the Campbell and Antipodes Islands, were taken to Bluff.
279:, the Antipodes and Campbell groups. Sheep were also widespread, and rabbits were released at Enderby and Auckland Island in 1840, and
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894:
761:
697:
officer finds three castaway fishermen there, whom he shoots. Later, a pursuing ship finds the corpses and chases the German ship.
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and seals, and dug crude sand shelters. Using wood scavenged on the island and canvas from the ship's sails, they crafted a crude
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330:
59:
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693:. The ship stops at Auckland Island (though the film was shot in Hawaii) to take victuals from the rescue station. A pro-
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353:(where there was also a boatshed). The boatshed and ruined depot are the only historical buildings left at Erebus Cove.
178:
160:
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noticed signs that there were castaways, located them, and was able to pick them up from the island and carry them to
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The curse of the widow and fatherless light upon the man that breaks open this box, whilst he has a ship at his back.
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268:
118:
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The last crew of castaways to obtain relief from the depots were the 22 crew members from the French barque
105:
notified the New Zealand government that the commonly used chart prepared by James Imray in 1851 placed the
668:
357:
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provincial government, and some Australian states, established a number of emergency depots on Auckland,
614:
307:
299:
295:
349:, depots were established on the main island at the inner reaches of Norman Inlet, and at Erebus Cove,
1252:
Ingram, Charles William; Wheatley, Percy Owen; Diggle, Lynton; Diggle, Edith; Gordon, Keith (2007).
689:, a 1955 film, a German merchant ship flees from British Australian naval ships at the beginning of
291:
112:
Regardless of the charts' accuracy, the cloudy weather predominant in the area made navigation by
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These small populations remained isolated from other breeds, and consequently many, such as the
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1189:"Provision depot for castaways, Camp Cove, Auckland Islands – Photograph taken by Samuel Page"
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ran ashore on Auckland Island on 5 February 1905. The 22 crew members made it ashore in
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is a store or hut placed on an isolated island to provide emergency supplies and relief for
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527:, mussels and roots, and after 87 days, they sighted a patrolling government steamer
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463:
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365:
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184:
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90:
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455:
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The first castaways to make use of one of these depots were members of the crew of the
380:
379:, depots were located at Hut Cove, Anchorage Bay. A depot was established on the rocky
264:
208:
200:
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32:
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to bear four men across the seven-mile strait to Auckland Island in search of depots.
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203:. The initial expedition to create the depots was led by Henry Armstrong of the
55:
17:
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and were able to attract its attention by waving a flag made from their sail.
407:(DOC); these include the 1908 hut on Antipodes Island, the 1880 Stella Hut on
306:, in an effort to return the subantarctic islands to their natural state. The
276:
94:
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from Australia and New Zealand to Europe took a line-of-latitude route in the
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618:
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272:
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98:
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in 1868. The first wooden depot was built and provisioned at Sandy Bay,
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Two of the men navigated the boat to nearby Erebus Cove, Port Ross, on
113:
411:, and the boatshed on Enderby. The 1890s castaway depot at Camp Cove,
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135:
77:
followed by ships sailing between Britain and Australia–New Zealand
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69:
31:
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sand and were able to use it to build a boat from the wreckage.
1316:
667:, that was alerted by the smoke from their fires. They reached
1235:
Beyond the Roaring Forties: New Zealand's Subantarctic Islands
372:
had boatsheds. Signposts were located throughout the islands.
383:. In 1891, while on a cruise in search of the missing ships
329:
transferred to Enderby Island. It is now on display at the
1254:
New Zealand Shipwrecks: Over 200 Years of Disasters at Sea
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engraved their names on the walls of the Camp Cove depot.
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so they knew how long they would have to wait for rescue.
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310:, however, became extinct before these efforts began.
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35 miles (56 km) south of their true position.
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675:, from where they obtained passage back to France.
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484:Four years later, on 19 March 1891, the barque
304:Rare Breeds Conservation Society of New Zealand
236:
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728:"Castaways – Wrecked on a subantarctic island"
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8:
1155:"Islands of Despair: The Wreck of the Anjou"
1084:Department of Conservation / Te Papa Atauhai
1066:Department of Conservation / Te Papa Atauhai
1062:"History of Antipodes Island Castaway Depot"
947:Department of Conservation / Te Papa Atauhai
798:
796:
794:
792:
27:Hut or store used to aid persons lost at sea
756:. Auckland: Exisle Publishing. p. 54.
513:Less successfully, the 11 survivors of the
1335:
1321:
1313:
1237:. Wellington: Government Printing Office.
138:in search of tin deposits, ran aground in
1273:Subantarctic New Zealand: A Rare Heritage
1277:Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
577:Reaching Norman Inlet on 7 May, Captain
705:
1256:(8th ed.). Auckland: Hodder Moa.
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54:A string of depots were built by the
7:
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275:in the Auckland Group as well as on
245:Government warning on castaway depot
1193:The National Library of New Zealand
660:. They were rescued by the warship
399:A number of these depots are still
173:Establishment of patrols and depots
1159:New Zealand Electronic Text Centre
732:Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand
726:Scadden, Ken (21 September 2007).
607:On 6 March 1907, the steel barque
439:New Zealand's Subantarctic Islands
25:
752:Allen, Madelene Ferguson (1997).
356:Also present in Erebus Cove is a
1497:New Zealand subantarctic islands
1300:
1492:Maritime history of New Zealand
671:on 15 May, and then went on to
523:However, they subsisted on raw
177:Following the discovery of the
889:. Lonely Planet. p. 176.
470:on 19 July, that took them to
214:From 1877 to 1927, government
93:to make use of the prevailing
1:
156:crew castaways to the south.
1469:Parentheses denote year sunk
1345:New Zealand outlying islands
232:Depots and island provisions
66:Shipping in the subantarctic
632:They were picked up by the
499:on 30 June, and carried to
391:, Captain Fairchild of the
51:and victims of shipwrecks.
1513:
405:Department of Conservation
89:. Ships dropped below the
60:their subantarctic islands
1467:
1409:
1351:
97:that carried them around
808:Te Papa (tepapa.govt.nz)
1042:"Cruise of the Hinemoa"
403:and are managed by the
364:in 1865. Camp Cove, on
318:. The survivors of the
187:in 1867, New Zealand's
183:shipwreck survivors on
1271:Peat, Neville (2003).
1233:Fraser, Conon (1986).
551:
441:
256:
242:
78:
40:
754:Wake of the Invercaud
648:President Félix Faure
641:President Félix Faure
615:Disappointment Island
546:
437:
300:Enderby Island rabbit
296:Enderby Island cattle
283:in 1850. Cattle were
253:
73:
35:
1309:at Wikimedia Commons
1080:"Sandy Bay Boatshed"
1046:The Brisbane Courier
883:Rubin, Jeff (2005).
454:that was wrecked on
134:, a schooner out of
1279:– Te Papa Atawhai.
1220:, pp. 339–340.
1208:, pp. 331–315.
1178:, pp. 322–323.
1143:, pp. 282–283.
1131:, pp. 274–275.
1048:7 April 1891, p. 3.
589:. Sailors from the
324:, in 1887, built a
292:Auckland Island pig
81:The standard trade
1426:Spirit of the Dawn
1343:Shipwrecks of the
1218:Ingram et al. 2007
1206:Ingram et al. 2007
1176:Ingram et al. 2007
1141:Ingram et al. 2007
1129:Ingram et al. 2007
1119:, pp. 259–60.
1117:Ingram et al. 2007
552:
516:Spirit of the Dawn
508:Spirit of the Dawn
442:
419:Notable shipwrecks
285:temporarily farmed
257:
79:
41:
36:Castaway depot on
1474:
1473:
1305:Media related to
929:, pp. 66–67.
814:on 24 March 2009.
554:The steel barque
121:, captain of the
16:(Redirected from
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1165:on 16 June 2011.
1161:. Archived from
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810:. Archived from
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738:on 18 July 2009.
734:. Archived from
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549:Auckland Islands
377:Campbell Islands
347:Auckland Islands
331:Southland Museum
255:removed in 1927.
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107:Auckland Islands
38:Antipodes Island
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1195:. January 1907.
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366:Carnley Harbour
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341:Depot locations
316:Auckland Island
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185:Auckland Island
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140:Carnley Harbour
119:Thomas Musgrave
91:Roaring Forties
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1030:Fraser 1986
1018:Fraser 1986
989:Fraser 1986
972:Fraser 1986
960:Fraser 1986
525:muttonbirds
281:Rose Island
220:NZGSS
56:New Zealand
1481:Categories
1436:Elingamite
1368:Invercauld
1286:0478140886
1244:0477013627
1227:References
886:Antarctica
619:mollymawks
450:, an iron
277:The Snares
149:Invercauld
95:westerlies
1487:Castaways
1456:Dundonald
1100:Peat 2003
1006:Peat 2003
927:Peat 2003
915:Peat 2003
868:Peat 2003
856:Peat 2003
844:Peat 2003
825:Peat 2003
784:Peat 2003
669:Lyttelton
662:HMS
610:Dundonald
602:Dundonald
472:Melbourne
351:Port Ross
197:Antipodes
189:Southland
99:Cape Horn
49:castaways
1416:Compadre
593:and the
591:Compadre
487:Compadre
479:Compadre
362:Victoria
298:and the
218:such as
216:steamers
193:Campbell
1358:Grafton
679:In film
664:Pegasus
657:Hinemoa
634:Hinemoa
623:coracle
587:Dunedin
583:Hinemoa
581:of the
567:Hinemoa
530:Hinemoa
401:in situ
393:Hinemoa
385:Kakanui
375:On the
345:On the
265:Enderby
222:Hinemoa
205:Amherst
167:Amherst
154:Grafton
132:Grafton
124:Grafton
114:sextant
103:Amherst
1459:(1907)
1449:(1905)
1439:(1902)
1429:(1893)
1419:(1891)
1401:(1890)
1398:Assaye
1391:(1887)
1381:(1866)
1371:(1864)
1361:(1864)
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893:
760:
673:Sydney
468:Awarua
452:barque
389:Assaye
271:, and
136:Sydney
1446:Anjou
701:Notes
595:Anjou
557:Anjou
538:Anjou
501:Bluff
308:goats
269:Ewing
1281:ISBN
1258:ISBN
1239:ISBN
891:ISBN
758:ISBN
695:Nazi
547:The
387:and
326:punt
199:and
130:The
683:In
1483::
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1107:^
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1336:e
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766:.
20:)
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