29:
64:
638:
166:
sarcomatous transformation of the epithelial component. Despite the remaining uncertainty on the mechanisms that generate these tumors, recent immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular genetic studies suggest and favor the notion of monoclonality in carcinosarcoma. In addition, identical
157:
are commonly seen in patients with sun-damaged skin; second, the composition hypothesis, which suggests that the mesenchymal component represents a pseudosarcomatous reaction to the epithelial malignancy; third, the combination hypothesis, which suggests that both the epithelial and mesenchymal
144:
Four main hypotheses have been proposed for the cellular origins of carcinosarcoma, based largely on the pathology of the disease. First, the collision tumor hypothesis, which proposes the collision of two independent tumors resulting in a single
642:
681:
1216:
596:
1236:
162:
that undergoes divergent differentiation; and fourth, the conversion/divergence hypothesis, which argues that the sarcomatous component of the tumor represents a
674:
667:
1037:
884:
720:
223:
Zidar N, Gale N (2015). "Carcinosarcoma and spindle cell carcinoma--monoclonal neoplasms undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition".
178:
have been identified in both epithelial and mesenchymal components of carcinosarcoma, findings that suggest an early alteration in the
797:
1288:
1056:
765:
832:
817:
812:
653:
154:
930:
837:
1231:
1221:
942:
879:
1159:
735:
28:
182:
of the tumor with late transformation or degeneration of the epithelial component into the sarcomatous component.
1283:
1171:
952:
471:
Gungorduk K, Ozdemir A, Ertas IE, Gokcu M, Telli E, Oge T, Sahbaz A, Sayhan S, Sanci M, Harma M, Ozalp S (2015).
822:
607:
1268:
1250:
1008:
852:
792:
744:
1352:
1086:
937:
894:
889:
1273:
1118:
842:
770:
196:
63:
1263:
1189:
1071:
871:
847:
807:
802:
715:
268:"Pulmonary carcinosarcoma with heterologous component: report of two cases with literature review"
1226:
1201:
1164:
1061:
1030:
994:
827:
248:
1326:
1298:
1206:
1066:
857:
690:
551:
502:
473:"Adjuvant treatment modalities, prognostic predictors and outcomes of uterine carcinosarcomas"
453:
404:
355:
297:
240:
101:
52:
659:
1347:
1155:
1051:
989:
925:
541:
533:
492:
484:
443:
435:
394:
386:
345:
335:
287:
279:
232:
520:
George EM, Herzog TJ, Neugut AI, Lu YS, Burke WM, Lewin SN, Hershman DL, Wright JD (2013).
1142:
970:
125:
77:
1278:
283:
1293:
1211:
1196:
1131:
1042:
980:
960:
601:
546:
521:
497:
472:
448:
423:
399:
374:
350:
323:
292:
267:
109:
104:
cancer). Carcinosarcomas are rare tumors, and can arise in diverse organs, such as the
1341:
252:
1321:
965:
867:
784:
757:
725:
191:
179:
522:"Carcinosarcoma of the ovary: natural history, patterns of treatment, and outcome"
44:
612:
1313:
1151:
1025:
1020:
920:
694:
572:
537:
150:
97:
81:
439:
1258:
1107:
236:
163:
89:
36:
424:"Carcinosarcoma on ascending colon found by bowel perforation: a case report"
1184:
1127:
1076:
618:
390:
159:
117:
85:
555:
506:
457:
408:
359:
301:
244:
340:
697:
488:
175:
146:
121:
57:
588:
780:
753:
701:
133:
93:
1016:
916:
908:
129:
647:
1103:
373:
Au JT, Sugiyama G, Wang H, Nicastri A, Lee D, Ko W, Tak V (2010).
40:
623:
172:
113:
105:
663:
375:"Carcinosarcoma of the oesophagus - a rare mixed type of tumor"
324:"Cutaneous carcinosarcoma with metastasis to the parotid gland"
266:
Braham E, Ben Rejeb H, Aouadi S, Kilani T, El Mezni F (2014).
168:
158:
components of the tumor arise from a common pluripotential
575:
entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
1217:
Multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis syndrome
47:, showing both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements
578:
1312:
1249:
1140:
1116:
1094:
1085:
1007:
979:
951:
907:
866:
779:
752:
743:
734:
708:
582:
422:Shim HJ, Hong YK, Kim SJ, Choi YJ, Kang JG (2010).
51:
21:
322:Loh TL, Tomlinson J, Chin R, Eslick GD (2014).
317:
315:
313:
311:
218:
216:
214:
212:
675:
8:
1091:
749:
740:
682:
668:
660:
579:
62:
18:
545:
496:
447:
398:
349:
339:
291:
208:
7:
721:Desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor
284:10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.02.10
14:
798:Aggressive infantile fibromatosis
1289:Clear-cell sarcoma of the kidney
641: This article incorporates
636:
272:Annals of Translational Medicine
149:, based on the observation that
27:
1057:Intradermal spindle cell lipoma
766:Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
155:malignant fibrous histiocytomas
885:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
833:Infantile digital fibromatosis
818:Familial myxovascular fibromas
813:Diffuse infantile fibromatosis
654:U.S. National Cancer Institute
1:
931:Superficial acral fibromyxoma
838:Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis
1232:Solitary cutaneous leiomyoma
1222:Multiple cutaneous leiomyoma
943:Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour
880:Benign fibrous histiocytoma
538:10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.06.034
39:of a carcinosarcoma of the
1369:
1160:Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
736:Connective tissue neoplasm
649:Dictionary of Cancer Terms
440:10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.368
428:J. Korean Soc. Coloproctol
1284:Malignant rhabdoid tumour
1251:Complex mixed and stromal
1180:
1172:Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
237:10.1007/s00428-014-1686-3
35:
26:
823:Fibroma of tendon sheath
853:Oral submucous fibrosis
793:Aggressive fibromatosis
709:Not otherwise specified
895:Solitary fibrous tumor
890:Atypical fibroxanthoma
643:public domain material
1269:Mixed Müllerian tumor
391:10.1093/jscr/2010.7.7
328:Case Rep. Otolaryngol
1274:Mesoblastic nephroma
843:Plantar fibromatosis
771:Desmoplastic fibroma
489:10.4143/crt.2014.009
197:Uterine adenosarcoma
1264:Pleomorphic adenoma
1072:Spindle cell lipoma
872:histiocytic sarcoma
848:Pleomorphic fibroma
808:Collagenous fibroma
803:Aponeurotic fibroma
716:Soft-tissue sarcoma
341:10.1155/2014/173235
1227:Neural fibrolipoma
1202:Angiolipoleiomyoma
1165:Sarcoma botryoides
1062:Pleomorphic lipoma
1031:Myxoid liposarcoma
995:Clear-cell sarcoma
828:Fibromatosis colli
80:that consist of a
1335:
1334:
1327:Adenomatoid tumor
1299:Pancreatoblastoma
1245:
1244:
1207:Genital leiomyoma
1067:Lipoblastomatosis
1003:
1002:
903:
902:
858:Pachydermodactyly
633:
632:
379:J. Surg. Case Rep
102:connective tissue
71:
70:
16:Medical condition
1360:
1156:rhabdomyosarcoma
1145:
1121:
1097:
1092:
1052:Chondroid lipoma
990:Synovial sarcoma
926:Cutaneous myxoma
750:
741:
684:
677:
670:
661:
657:
640:
639:
580:
560:
559:
549:
517:
511:
510:
500:
477:Cancer Res Treat
468:
462:
461:
451:
419:
413:
412:
402:
370:
364:
363:
353:
343:
319:
306:
305:
295:
263:
257:
256:
220:
153:and superficial
140:Cellular origins
78:malignant tumors
67:
66:
31:
19:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1308:
1241:
1176:
1143:Skeletal muscle
1141:
1136:
1117:
1112:
1095:
1081:
999:
975:
971:Phyllodes tumor
953:Fibroepithelial
947:
899:
862:
775:
730:
704:
688:
646:
637:
634:
629:
628:
591:
569:
564:
563:
519:
518:
514:
470:
469:
465:
421:
420:
416:
372:
371:
367:
321:
320:
309:
265:
264:
260:
222:
221:
210:
205:
188:
142:
110:salivary glands
74:Carcinosarcomas
61:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1366:
1364:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1304:Carcinosarcoma
1301:
1296:
1294:Hepatoblastoma
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:Leiomyosarcoma
1209:
1204:
1199:
1197:Angioleiomyoma
1194:
1193:
1192:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1148:
1146:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1132:leiomyosarcoma
1124:
1122:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1100:
1098:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1043:Angiomyolipoma
1035:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1013:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
992:
986:
984:
977:
976:
974:
973:
968:
963:
961:Brenner tumour
957:
955:
949:
948:
946:
945:
940:
935:
934:
933:
928:
913:
911:
905:
904:
901:
900:
898:
897:
892:
887:
882:
876:
874:
864:
863:
861:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
789:
787:
777:
776:
774:
773:
768:
762:
760:
747:
738:
732:
731:
729:
728:
723:
718:
712:
710:
706:
705:
689:
687:
686:
679:
672:
664:
631:
630:
627:
626:
615:
604:
592:
587:
586:
584:
583:Classification
577:
576:
573:Carcinosarcoma
568:
567:External links
565:
562:
561:
526:Gynecol. Oncol
512:
483:(2): 282–289.
463:
434:(5): 368–372.
414:
365:
307:
258:
231:(3): 357–358.
207:
206:
204:
201:
200:
199:
194:
187:
184:
141:
138:
69:
68:
55:
49:
48:
33:
32:
24:
23:
22:Carcinosarcoma
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1365:
1354:
1353:Rare diseases
1351:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1119:Smooth muscle
1115:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1006:
996:
993:
991:
988:
987:
985:
982:
978:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
956:
954:
950:
944:
941:
939:
936:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
922:
918:
915:
914:
912:
910:
906:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
877:
875:
873:
869:
865:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
790:
788:
786:
782:
778:
772:
769:
767:
764:
763:
761:
759:
755:
751:
748:
746:
742:
739:
737:
733:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
696:
692:
685:
680:
678:
673:
671:
666:
665:
662:
658:
655:
651:
650:
644:
625:
621:
620:
616:
614:
610:
609:
605:
603:
599:
598:
594:
593:
590:
585:
581:
574:
571:
570:
566:
557:
553:
548:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
516:
513:
508:
504:
499:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
467:
464:
459:
455:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
418:
415:
410:
406:
401:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
369:
366:
361:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
333:
329:
325:
318:
316:
314:
312:
308:
303:
299:
294:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
262:
259:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:Virchows Arch
219:
217:
215:
213:
209:
202:
198:
195:
193:
190:
189:
185:
183:
181:
177:
174:
170:
165:
161:
156:
152:
148:
139:
137:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
65:
59:
56:
54:
50:
46:
45:H&E stain
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
1322:Mesothelioma
1303:
1279:Wilms' tumor
966:Fibroadenoma
868:Histiocytoma
785:fibromatosis
758:fibrosarcoma
726:Skin sarcoma
648:
635:
617:
606:
595:
532:(1): 42–45.
529:
525:
515:
480:
476:
466:
431:
427:
417:
382:
378:
368:
331:
327:
275:
271:
261:
228:
224:
192:Adenosarcoma
180:histogenesis
151:skin cancers
143:
92:cancer) and
73:
72:
1314:Mesothelial
1152:Rhabdomyoma
1026:Myelolipoma
1021:liposarcoma
938:Angiomyxoma
921:myxosarcoma
745:Fibromatous
695:soft tissue
164:metaplastic
98:mesenchymal
1342:Categories
1259:Adenomyoma
1108:myosarcoma
1009:Lipomatous
909:Myxomatous
691:Connective
203:References
90:epithelial
37:Micrograph
1190:Cutaneous
1185:Leiomyoma
1128:Leiomyoma
1087:Myomatous
1077:Hibernoma
619:SNOMED CT
278:(4): 41.
176:mutations
160:stem cell
118:esophagus
86:carcinoma
53:Specialty
981:Synovial
702:sarcomas
624:63264007
556:23838036
507:25358384
458:21152142
409:24946341
385:(7): 7.
360:25328737
302:25333016
253:38261875
245:25420898
186:See also
147:neoplasm
122:pancreas
58:Oncology
1348:Sarcoma
1096:General
781:Fibroma
754:Fibroma
613:D002296
602:M8980/3
547:4230696
498:4398122
449:2998018
400:3649142
351:4190691
334:: 1–4.
293:4200607
134:ovaries
94:sarcoma
82:mixture
1038:PEComa
1017:Lipoma
917:Myxoma
698:tumors
554:
544:
505:
495:
456:
446:
407:
397:
358:
348:
300:
290:
251:
243:
130:uterus
116:, the
60:
1237:STUMP
1104:Myoma
983:-like
645:from
597:ICD-O
249:S2CID
126:colon
114:lungs
41:ovary
700:and
608:MeSH
552:PMID
503:PMID
454:PMID
405:PMID
383:2010
356:PMID
332:2014
298:PMID
241:PMID
173:KRAS
171:and
132:and
106:skin
96:(or
88:(or
76:are
542:PMC
534:doi
530:131
493:PMC
485:doi
444:PMC
436:doi
395:PMC
387:doi
346:PMC
336:doi
288:PMC
280:doi
233:doi
229:466
169:p53
84:of
1344::
1158::
652:.
622::
611::
600::
550:.
540:.
528:.
524:.
501:.
491:.
481:47
479:.
475:.
452:.
442:.
432:26
430:.
426:.
403:.
393:.
381:.
377:.
354:.
344:.
330:.
326:.
310:^
296:.
286:.
274:.
270:.
247:.
239:.
227:.
211:^
136:.
128:,
124:,
120:,
112:,
108:,
43:.
1154:/
1130:/
1106:/
1019:/
919:/
870:/
783:/
756:/
693:/
683:e
676:t
669:v
656:.
589:D
558:.
536::
509:.
487::
460:.
438::
411:.
389::
362:.
338::
304:.
282::
276:2
255:.
235::
100:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
