48:
195:
64:
472:
that is being regenerated to undisturbed native forest. The
Represa (Dam) trail follows winding paths and crosses streams through dense greenery, and is best visited with monitors who can interpret the environment. The 7.2 kilometres (4.5 mi) Represa e Fornos (Dam and Furnaces) trail has medium difficulty, requires a guide, and takes about three and a half hours. It passes the ruins of five kilns used to make charcoal in the 1940s when the park was a farm.
71:
310:
239:
beauty, and to support education, recreational and scientific activities. Since its creation the park has attracted many researchers, mainly due to its position between two important river basins, its place in the
Paranapiacaba ecological continuum, and the many endemic species it shelters. Land ownership has been fully regularized, and there are no residents in the park.
460:
306:
winter. Annual rainfall is from 1,475 to 2,189 millimetres (58.1 to 86.2 in), with the period from
September to February having the most rain. In the lower parts the average temperature is 22 °C (72 °F) and average annual rainfall is 1,600 millimetres (63 in). There are many rivers and waterfalls.
324:
biome. The vegetation is mainly montane and submontane rainforest. In the highest parts of the park there are small areas of dense high montane rainforest and alpine meadows on shallow and stony soils. There is dense lowland rainforest in the areas below 50 metres (160 ft). Some of the forest is
471:
The two main trails are near the park headquarters. The Rio
Taquaral trail starts at the forest police inspection station and ends on the banks of the Taquaral River. It is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) long and is marked with signs for students. It shows the succession from fields to secondary forest
238:
The area occupied by the park was divided into four forest reserves in 1941, named Carlos
Botelho, Capão Bonito, Travessão and Sete Barras. The Carlos Botelho State Park was created by state decree 19.499 of 10 September 1982. The objectives are to ensure full protection of fauna, flora and natural
467:
The park headquarters in São Miguel
Arcanjo has an Environmental Education Center with a Zoology Museum and a library with many publications on ecology, animals and plants. The Marco Antônio dos Santos Costa center has an auditorium for 40 people where environmental videos are displayed. There are
305:
The park covers a steep and mountainous area with altitudes ranging from 50 to 975 metres (164 to 3,199 ft). Average temperatures are 19 °C (66 °F) with maximum temperature of 34 °C (93 °F). There may be frost in June and July, with light but persistent rainfall in the
468:
waterfalls and adventure sports. The park has several trails with varying degrees of difficulty, some taking more than a day, and some requiring a guide. The
Figueira trail in the Sete Barras center is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and leads to a huge old fig tree.
488:
The park is named after Carlos
Botelho, a doctor specializing in urology who became Secretary of Agriculture of the State of São Paulo and later became a Senator of the Republic. In 1908 he signed the agreement for arrival of the first Japanese immigrants to Brazil.
687:
Lima, Renato
Augusto Ferreira de; Dittrich, Vinícius Antonio de Oliveira; Souza, Vinícius Castro de; Salino, Alexandre; Breier, Tiago Böer; Aguiar, Osny Tadeu de (2011), "Flora vascular do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, São Paulo, Brasil",
210:, Zizo Park, Rio Taquaral Park and Onça Parda (Cougar) Park. The regional economy is based on agriculture, particularly banana farming in the south, and ecotourism. The park's headquarters is in the Planalto region of the Upper
325:
well preserved, with a continuous canopy of more than 20 metres (66 ft), while other areas have secondary formations with a lower and more open canopy. The park interior has areas that are rich in bamboos, particularly
856:
760:
297:. It had been closed since January 2014 while being upgraded. The road used ecologically friendly paving, and has underpasses and overpasses for the animals.
846:
290:. The purpose was to promote integrated and participatory management of the conservation units, and to seek to guarantee conservation of the areas covered.
99:
263:
647:
207:
778:
334:
An inventory of vascular species published in 2011 identified 1,143 species in 528 genera and 140 families. There was rich biodiversity among the
243:
63:
851:
710:
259:
203:
87:
382:. The inventory did not include all species of herbs, lianas and epiphytes. More than 60 of the species were endangered. Evidence of
293:
In
November 2015 a section of the SP-139 Nequinho Fogaça Highway that passes through the park was inaugurated by state governor
247:
841:
33:
669:
742:
255:
423:). More than 220 species of birds have been identified, but the actual number may be much higher. Species include
836:
416:
206:. It has an area of 37,644 hectares (93,020 acres). The surrounding land includes private landholdings and three
275:
223:
47:
267:
251:
194:
807:
784:
175:
327:
428:
171:
163:
142:
407:) remain in Brazil, of whom more than half live in the park. Other endangered species include the
211:
625:
623:
283:
436:
697:
444:
400:
183:
383:
360:
321:
313:
294:
219:
179:
287:
215:
570:
726:
392:
830:
424:
37:
702:
542:
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
378:
182:. The park contains more than half of Brazil's remaining population of endangered
629:
519:
517:
342:
309:
271:
227:
354:
114:
101:
372:
366:
336:
279:
459:
348:
610:
608:
595:
593:
591:
582:
546:
408:
743:"Passeio ecológico pelo Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho – SP, Brasil"
523:
458:
308:
193:
809:
Plano de Manejo Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho – Resumo Executivo
783:(in Portuguese), SAP: Sistema Ambiental Paulista, archived from
761:"Serra da Macaca em São Miguel Arcanjo é inaugurada após obra"
728:
Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho: Sobre a Unidade de Conservação
504:
502:
500:
815:(in Portuguese), São Paulo: Instituto Ekos Brasil, June 2007
571:
Serra da Macaca em São Miguel Arcanjo é inaugurada após obra
242:
São Paulo state decree 58.148 of 21 June 2012 created the
670:"Atrações do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho e arredores"
614:
599:
214:
basin, in the municipalities of São Miguel Arcanjo and
186:, the largest primate in the Americas other than man.
630:
Passeio ecológico pelo Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho
202:
The Carlos Botelho State Park has its headquarter is
148:
138:
130:
93:
83:
21:
70:
731:(in Portuguese), SAP: Sistema Ambiental Paulista
508:
646:Alckmin, Geraldo; Covas, Bruno (22 June 2012),
8:
558:
178:, Brazil. It protects a mountainous area of
648:"Decreto nº 58.148, de 21 de Junho de 2012"
583:Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho – Pick-upau
547:Atrações do Parque ... Trilhas e Aventuras
264:Serra do Mar Environmental Protection Area
18:
701:
496:
481:
396:) is common in some parts of the park.
244:Paranapiacaba Conservation Units Mosaic
524:Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho ... SAP
7:
857:Protected areas of São Paulo (state)
260:Nascentes do Paranapanema State Park
847:Protected areas established in 1982
218:. The Sete Barras center is in the
198:Paranapiacaba ecological continuum
14:
767:(in Portuguese), 23 November 2015
208:private natural heritage reserves
69:
62:
46:
703:10.1590/S1676-06032011000400018
248:Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park
147:
82:
16:State park in São Paulo, Brazil
712:Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho
658:(116), Government of São Paulo
168:Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho
134:37,644 hectares (93,020 acres)
27:Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho
1:
852:1982 establishments in Brazil
254:, Carlos Botelho State Park,
204:São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo
88:São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo
749:(in Portuguese), 15 May 2015
222:region, in the basin of the
873:
715:(in Portuguese), Pick-upau
417:black-fronted piping guan
266:in the municipalities of
226:, in the municipality of
160:Carlos Botelho State Park
57:
45:
31:
26:
22:Carlos Botelho State Park
559:Alckmin & Covas 2012
441:Buteogallus lacernulatus
256:Xitué Ecological Station
405:Brachyteles arachnoides
224:Ribeira de Iguape River
115:24.131389°S 47.949167°W
464:
433:Triclaria malachitacea
317:
199:
167:
120:-24.131389; -47.949167
52:Vegetation in the park
842:State parks of Brazil
462:
312:
252:Intervales State Park
246:, consisting of the
197:
509:Sobre o Parque – SAP
674:Trilhas e Aventuras
429:blue-bellied parrot
320:The park is in the
111: /
465:
449:Spizaetus tyrannus
318:
212:Paranapanema River
200:
692:(in Portuguese),
654:(in Portuguese),
437:white-necked hawk
156:
155:
152:10 September 1982
84:Nearest city
864:
837:IUCN Category II
822:
821:
820:
814:
794:
793:
792:
774:
773:
772:
756:
755:
754:
738:
737:
736:
722:
721:
720:
706:
705:
690:Biota Neotropica
683:
682:
681:
665:
664:
663:
633:
627:
618:
615:Lima et al. 2011
612:
603:
600:Lima et al. 2011
597:
586:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
550:
544:
527:
521:
512:
506:
490:
486:
445:black hawk-eagle
421:Pipile jacutinga
401:southern muriqui
184:southern muriqui
174:is the state of
126:
125:
123:
122:
121:
116:
112:
109:
108:
107:
104:
73:
72:
66:
50:
19:
872:
871:
867:
866:
865:
863:
862:
861:
827:
826:
825:
818:
816:
812:
806:
802:
800:Further reading
797:
790:
788:
777:
770:
768:
759:
752:
750:
741:
734:
732:
725:
718:
716:
709:
686:
679:
677:
676:(in Portuguese)
668:
661:
659:
645:
641:
636:
628:
621:
613:
606:
598:
589:
581:
577:
569:
565:
557:
553:
545:
530:
522:
515:
507:
498:
494:
493:
487:
483:
478:
457:
384:illegal logging
361:Melastomataceae
322:Atlantic Forest
314:Atlantic Forest
303:
295:Geraldo Alckmin
284:Ribeirão Grande
236:
220:Vale do Ribeira
192:
180:Atlantic Forest
119:
117:
113:
110:
105:
102:
100:
98:
97:
79:
78:
77:
76:
75:
74:
53:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
870:
868:
860:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
829:
828:
824:
823:
803:
801:
798:
796:
795:
780:Sobre o Parque
775:
757:
747:Trilheiros.net
739:
723:
707:
684:
666:
652:Diário Oficial
642:
640:
637:
635:
634:
619:
617:, p. 173.
604:
602:, p. 174.
587:
575:
563:
551:
528:
513:
495:
492:
491:
480:
479:
477:
474:
463:Taquaral River
456:
453:
425:Amazon parrots
393:Euterpe edulis
388:palmito-juçara
328:Guadua tagoara
302:
299:
235:
232:
191:
188:
154:
153:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
132:
128:
127:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
68:
67:
61:
60:
59:
58:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
32:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
869:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
834:
832:
811:
810:
805:
804:
799:
787:on 2016-12-30
786:
782:
781:
776:
766:
762:
758:
748:
744:
740:
730:
729:
724:
714:
713:
708:
704:
699:
695:
691:
685:
675:
671:
667:
657:
653:
649:
644:
643:
638:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
601:
596:
594:
592:
588:
584:
579:
576:
572:
567:
564:
560:
555:
552:
548:
543:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
505:
503:
501:
497:
485:
482:
475:
473:
469:
461:
454:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
413:Panthera onca
410:
406:
402:
397:
395:
394:
389:
385:
381:
380:
375:
374:
369:
368:
363:
362:
357:
356:
351:
350:
345:
344:
339:
338:
332:
330:
329:
323:
315:
311:
307:
300:
298:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
240:
233:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
196:
189:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
151:
144:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
96:
92:
89:
86:
65:
56:
49:
44:
39:
38:national park
35:
34:IUCN category
30:
25:
20:
817:, retrieved
808:
789:, retrieved
785:the original
779:
769:, retrieved
764:
751:, retrieved
746:
733:, retrieved
727:
717:, retrieved
711:
693:
689:
678:, retrieved
673:
660:, retrieved
655:
651:
578:
566:
554:
484:
470:
466:
448:
440:
432:
420:
412:
404:
399:About 1,200
398:
391:
387:
379:Bromeliaceae
377:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
341:
335:
333:
326:
319:
304:
292:
288:Capão Bonito
241:
237:
216:Capão Bonito
201:
159:
157:
343:Orchidaceae
316:in the park
301:Environment
272:Sete Barras
228:Sete Barras
139:Designation
118: /
94:Coordinates
831:Categories
819:2016-12-07
791:2016-12-07
771:2016-12-07
753:2016-12-07
735:2016-12-07
719:2016-12-07
680:2016-12-07
662:2016-12-06
455:Activities
415:) and the
355:Asteraceae
172:state park
164:Portuguese
143:State park
106:47°56′57″W
103:24°07′53″S
373:Rubiaceae
367:Lauraceae
337:Myrtaceae
176:São Paulo
765:G1 Globo
349:Fabaceae
268:Eldorado
262:and the
190:Location
639:Sources
276:Tapiraí
234:History
170:) is a
149:Created
443:) and
409:jaguar
280:Juquiá
813:(PDF)
696:(4),
476:Notes
376:and
286:and
158:The
131:Area
36:II (
698:doi
656:122
451:).
435:),
386:of
833::
763:,
745:,
694:11
672:,
650:,
622:^
607:^
590:^
531:^
516:^
499:^
427:,
370:,
364:,
358:,
352:,
346:,
340:,
331:.
282:,
278:,
274:,
270:,
258:,
250:,
230:.
166::
700::
632:.
585:.
573:.
561:.
549:.
526:.
511:.
447:(
439:(
431:(
419:(
411:(
403:(
390:(
162:(
40:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
