154:, a subdivision of the Chasa caste, belong to the SEBC category. Risley notes that, since the caste system is not practiced as per the Varna model he was idolizing, it was possible for outsiders to become Chasas, and wealthy Chasas who took up the title
120:. The association between Chasas and their occupation of manual labour (ploughing) was used to stigmatize the Chasas and distinguish them from the upper castes as late as the early 19th century. "
166:. The Chasas are ranked into four subcastes: Benatya, Oda/Odra, Chukuliya, and Sukuliya. The Benatyas are the highest in rank, and the Chukuliyas are the lowest in rank.
109:
The Orh/Oda Chasas claim that they were the first tribe to settle in Odisha, and that they began to cultivate the land. They claim that Odisha is named after them.
516:
489:
375:
254:
207:
565:
435:"Art. VII.–The Tribes and Castes of Bengal, by H. H. Risley. Vols. I. and II. Ethnographic Glossary, Vols. I. and II. Anthropometric Data"
402:
346:
555:
570:
560:
138:
In modern-day Odisha, the Chasas are among the dominant castes in most villages, and are landowners and economically powerful.
301:
Der Palast des Herrn der Welt: Entstehungsgeschichte und
Organisation der indischen Tempel-und Pilgerstadt Puri
550:
223:
418:
Mahapatra, L. K. (1976). "Gods, Kings, and the Caste System in India". In
Bharati, Agehananda (ed.).
147:
462:
117:
512:
506:
485:
454:
398:
371:
342:
250:
244:
203:
163:
480:
Pati, Biswamoy (2007). "The order of legitimacy: princely Orissa". In Ernst, Waltraud (ed.).
392:
197:
446:
93:. Chasas were traditionally cultivators but are now engaged in several professions. The
124:" was considered to be a "generic derogatory term for cultivators", in contrast to the
544:
466:
159:
94:
70:
42:
535:
175:
434:
450:
458:
367:
131:
Around the turn of the 20th century, Chasas were small farmers and marginal
32:
394:
A Haunting
Tragedy: Gender, Caste and Class in the 1866 Famine of Orissa
155:
132:
113:
90:
52:
101:
means farmer. They are third largest caste by population in Odisha.
439:
Journal of the Royal
Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland
86:
82:
288:. Ethnographic and Folk Culture Society. 2006. pp. 214–215.
272:
Education in Orissa: A Study in
Selection and Allocation Process
364:
Transformations on the Bengal
Frontier: Jalpaiguri 1765-1948
482:
India's
Princely States: People, Princes and Colonialism
196:
Nab
Kishore Behura; Ramesh P. Mohanty (1 January 2005).
162:families. Some wealthy Chasas began identifying as
66:
58:
48:
38:
28:
23:
508:A Dictionary of Indian Literature: Beginnings-1850
420:The Realm of the Extra-Human: Agents and Audiences
536:http://www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in/obc/faq/orrisa.pdf
341:. University of California Press. p. 112.
316:Contemporary Society: Tribal situation in India
199:Family Welfare in India: A Cross-cultural Study
314:Behera, Deepak Kumar; Pfeffer, Georg (1997).
8:
318:. Concept Publishing Company. p. 191.
238:
236:
202:. Discovery Publishing House. p. 43.
89:natively residing in the Indian state of
303:. Weltforum Verlag. pp. 46, 66, 70.
188:
20:
7:
249:. APH Publishing. pp. 114–115.
511:. Orient Blackswan. pp. 351–.
339:Peasants and Monks in British India
14:
329:Pinch, William R. (1996). "Being
16:Agrian community of Odisha, India
422:. Mouton Publishers. p. 65.
146:Chasas are classified under the
1:
274:. S. Chand Group. p. 33.
433:Hewitt, J. F. (April 1893).
566:Ethnic groups in South Asia
243:Rabindra Nath Pati (2008).
587:
286:The Eastern Anthropologist
150:category in Odisha, where
484:. Routledge. p. 89.
451:10.1017/s0035869x00022395
505:Sujit Mukherjee (1998).
391:Mohanty, Bidyut (2022).
362:Ray, Subhajyoti (2002).
178:, 15th century Odia poet
128:"sophisticated people".
556:Social groups of Odisha
112:They are classified as
571:Other Backward Classes
561:Ethnic groups in India
299:Rösel, Jakob (1980).
270:Sable, Alan (1977).
224:"casi.sas.upenn.edu"
62:Odachasa, Odapadhan
118:Hindu caste system
518:978-81-250-1453-9
491:978-0-203-93380-0
377:978-0-700-71408-7
256:978-81-313-0352-8
209:978-81-7141-920-3
158:could marry into
126:sabhya bhabya Gan
76:
75:
578:
523:
522:
502:
496:
495:
477:
471:
470:
430:
424:
423:
415:
409:
408:
388:
382:
381:
359:
353:
352:
326:
320:
319:
311:
305:
304:
296:
290:
289:
282:
276:
275:
267:
261:
260:
240:
231:
230:
228:
220:
214:
213:
193:
49:Populated states
21:
586:
585:
581:
580:
579:
577:
576:
575:
541:
540:
532:
527:
526:
519:
504:
503:
499:
492:
479:
478:
474:
432:
431:
427:
417:
416:
412:
405:
390:
389:
385:
378:
370:. p. 136.
361:
360:
356:
349:
328:
327:
323:
313:
312:
308:
298:
297:
293:
284:
283:
279:
269:
268:
264:
257:
246:Family Planning
242:
241:
234:
226:
222:
221:
217:
210:
195:
194:
190:
185:
172:
144:
107:
17:
12:
11:
5:
584:
582:
574:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
543:
542:
539:
538:
531:
530:External links
528:
525:
524:
517:
497:
490:
472:
445:(2): 237–300.
425:
410:
403:
383:
376:
354:
347:
321:
306:
291:
277:
262:
255:
232:
215:
208:
187:
186:
184:
181:
180:
179:
171:
168:
143:
142:Classification
140:
106:
103:
85: in
74:
73:
68:
67:Related groups
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
40:
36:
35:
30:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
583:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
551:Indian castes
549:
548:
546:
537:
534:
533:
529:
520:
514:
510:
509:
501:
498:
493:
487:
483:
476:
473:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
429:
426:
421:
414:
411:
406:
404:9781000506839
400:
397:. Routledge.
396:
395:
387:
384:
379:
373:
369:
365:
358:
355:
350:
348:0-520-20060-8
344:
340:
336:
332:
325:
322:
317:
310:
307:
302:
295:
292:
287:
281:
278:
273:
266:
263:
258:
252:
248:
247:
239:
237:
233:
225:
219:
216:
211:
205:
201:
200:
192:
189:
182:
177:
174:
173:
169:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
141:
139:
136:
134:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
110:
104:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
34:
31:
27:
22:
19:
507:
500:
481:
475:
442:
438:
428:
419:
413:
393:
386:
363:
357:
338:
334:
330:
324:
315:
309:
300:
294:
285:
280:
271:
265:
245:
218:
198:
191:
151:
145:
137:
130:
125:
121:
111:
108:
98:
78:
77:
59:Subdivisions
18:
333:, Becoming
176:Sarala Dasa
545:Categories
183:References
164:Khandayats
81:is a
467:163011123
459:0035-869X
368:Routledge
335:Kshatriya
331:Vaishnava
152:Odapadhan
39:Languages
29:Religions
33:Hinduism
156:Mohanty
133:raiyats
116:in the
105:History
515:
488:
465:
457:
401:
374:
345:
253:
206:
170:People
160:Karana
114:Shudra
91:Odisha
53:Odisha
463:S2CID
227:(PDF)
122:Chasa
99:chasa
97:word
87:India
83:caste
79:Chasa
71:Gopal
24:Chasa
513:ISBN
486:ISBN
455:ISSN
399:ISBN
372:ISBN
343:ISBN
251:ISBN
204:ISBN
95:Odia
43:Odia
447:doi
337:".
148:OBC
547::
461:.
453:.
443:25
441:.
437:.
366:.
235:^
135:.
521:.
494:.
469:.
449::
407:.
380:.
351:.
259:.
229:.
212:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.