527:(1870–1871), the Chassepot met its Prussian counterpart, the Dreyse needle-fire rifle. The Chassepot had several advantages over the Dreyse. It featured a rubber obturator on its bolt head to provide a more efficient gas-seal. Although it fired a smaller caliber (11 mm vs. 15.4 for the Dreyse), the Chassepot ammunition had more gunpowder (5.68 grams vs 4.85 grams), resulting in higher muzzle velocity (436 meters per second, 33% over the Dreyse), a flatter trajectory and a longer range. Thus the sights on the Chassepot could be elevated up to 1,600 meters, while the maximum sight setting of the Dreyse was only 600 meters. The Chassepot had a weight of 4.1 kg versus 4.57 kg for the needle-fire rifle. It was also shorter (1310 mm vs. 1424 mm).
604:
cartridge and hidden inside. It was fired by the
Chassepot's needle (a sharply pointed firing pin) upon pressing the trigger. While the Chassepot's ballistic performance and firing rates were excellent for the time, burnt paper residues as well as black powder fouling accumulated in the chamber and bolt mechanism after continuous firing. The bolt's rubber obturator eroded in action but was easily replaced in the field by infantrymen. The older Dreyse needle gun and its cartridge had been designed to minimize those problems but to the detriment of its ballistic properties.
1428:
739:
680:
1442:
715:
652:
1435:
668:
703:
1421:
727:
579:
33:
1343:
1215:
541:
purchased 8631 Chassepots; after being faced with a possible war involving
Argentine claims over Paraguay. The weapons, however, were never officially distributed to the Army, since the decision to buy the Comblain had already been made and because of issue with the cartridge's reliability. The
603:
The
Chassepot used a paper cartridge that many refer to as 'combustible', although in reality it was quite the opposite. It held an 11 mm (0.433 in) round-headed cylindro-conoidal lead bullet that was wax paper patched. An inverted standard percussion cap was at the rear of the paper
619:
drawn brass metallic cartridge. Otherwise, the Gras rifle was basically identical in outward appearance to the
Chassepot rifle. Nearly all rifles of the older Chassepot model (Mle 1866) remaining in store were eventually converted to take the 11 mm Gras metallic cartridge ammunition
488:, Austria delivered 12,000 Chassepot carbines and 100,000 parts to France in 1871. Manufacturing of the Chassepot rifle ended in February 1875, four years after the end of the Franco-Prussian War, with approximately 700,000 more Chassepot rifles made between September 1871 and July 1874.
549:
In June 1880, some 40 1866 Chassepots with a few bayonets were delivered to the port of Buenos Aires. Those
Chassepots were of 11mm calibre and were possibly rechambered for the Gras cartridge (They were delivered together with Gras rifles in a shipment of 450 weapons).
500:(1833–1905), who, from the mid-1850s onwards, had constructed various experimental forms of breech loaders. The first two models of the Chassepot still used percussion cap ignition. The third model, using a similar system to the Prussian
679:
590:
of the bolt by a segmented rubber ring which expanded under gas pressure and thus sealed the breech when the shot was fired. This simple yet effective technology was successfully adapted to artillery in 1877 by
Colonel
470:). The approximate number of Chassepot rifles available to the French Army in July 1870 was 1,037,555 units. Additionally, state manufacturies could deliver 30,000 new rifles monthly. Gun manufacturers in
546:, they may have been captured from the Bahia police after the engagement at Maceté. Chassepots were used during the Federalist Revolution and by the rebels of the 1923 revolution in Rio Grande do Sul.
1331:
624:
1866/74). About 665,327 Chassepot rifles had been captured by the German coalition that defeated France in 1871. Large numbers of these captured
Chassepot rifles were shortened and converted to
516:", ("The Chassepots have done wonderfully!") The heavy cylindrical lead bullets fired at high velocity by the Chassepot rifle inflicted wounds that were even worse than those of the
1007:
Barbieri, Aldo (December 1997). "O Apocalipse de
Antonio ou Annus Irae- As armas da Guerra de Canudos" [Antonio's Apocalypse or Annus Irae- Weapons of the War of Canudos].
586:
The breech was closed by a bolt similar to those of more modern rifles. Amongst the technical features of interest introduced in 1866 on the
Chassepot rifle was the method of
1324:
423:). An improvement to existing military rifles in 1866, the Chassepot marked the commencement of the era of modern bolt action, breech-loading military rifles. The
1813:
542:
weapons ended their career in deposit or were handed over to police forces and shooting clubs. Some of these weapons were possibly used by rebels during the
1317:
738:
471:
438:
432:
1762:
1823:
977:
1254:
1179:
1146:
1036:
947:
813:
1757:
1737:
1309:
1752:
1207:
1119:
726:
1427:
1612:
651:
1818:
1229:
667:
1704:
1567:
1441:
1621:
451:
174:
1808:
1476:
714:
1742:
1603:
1549:
702:
497:
195:
1434:
1798:
1594:
562:
170:
504:, became the French service weapon on 30 August 1866. In the following year it made its first appearance at the
1420:
1023:
595:, who invented grease-impregnated asbestos pads to seal the breech of his new cannons (the De Bange system).
1709:
1694:
1405:
886:
857:
1699:
1585:
1529:
1400:
1361:
592:
454:. Many were also manufactured under contract in England (the "Potts et Hunts" Chassepots delivered to the
150:
124:
1803:
1539:
1534:
616:
166:
1653:
1648:
1576:
985:
658:
268:
178:
142:
79:
56:
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146:
132:
1658:
1224:
633:
509:
162:
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128:
108:
87:
1385:
1366:
1286:
636:. Others were disposed of "as is" with British surplus dealers. In most but not all, the French
420:
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1175:
1142:
1115:
1111:
1042:
1032:
943:
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293:
91:
1136:
803:
1375:
558:
538:
479:
365:
120:
95:
1060:
963:
427:
was an adaption of the
Chassepot designed to fire metallic cartridges introduced in 1874.
1777:
1772:
1732:
1514:
1167:
313:
274:
1504:
911:
1494:
1380:
829:
783:
Esposito, Gabriele, Armies of the War of the Pacific 1879-83: Osprey Publishing (2016)
686:
625:
543:
517:
1792:
1668:
1466:
1219:
764:
531:
530:
After the war, 20,000 captured Chassepot rifles were sold to the Shah of the Persian
416:
112:
1270:
1499:
1461:
405:
303:
578:
419:
muzzleloading rifles, many of which were converted in 1864 to breech loading (the
1747:
1689:
1643:
1471:
1453:
759:
455:
401:
939:
From Musket to Metallic Cartridge: A Practical History of Black Powder Firearms
520:. By 1868, the entire French active army had been re-armed with the Chassepot.
1635:
1544:
1353:
1275:
1171:
587:
252:
158:
46:
1046:
1673:
32:
1714:
1663:
1559:
475:
459:
283:
104:
1486:
745:
478:
also produced Chassepot rifles to support the French war effort. The
116:
83:
640:
markings on these German-captured Chassepot rifles had been erased.
1218: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1108:
Armies of the Adowa Campaign 1896: The Italian Disaster in Ethiopia
411:. It is famous for having been the arm of the French forces in the
577:
554:
485:
463:
408:
100:
1313:
1078:"Unidades y armas durante el sitio de Buenos Aires de 1880"
1031:( ed.). Brasilia: Senado Federal, Conselho Editorial.
383:
512:'s troops. It was reported at the French Parliament that "
508:
on 3 November 1867, where it inflicted severe losses upon
371:
1247:
The Needle-Ignition System of the Modele 1866 'Chassepot'
374:
628:
metallic cartridge. It served with cavalry units of the
1227:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Chassepot".
852:
850:
732:
1867 newspaper illustration including a cross-section
691:
11mm paper cartridge for Chassepot/Fusil modèle 1866;
377:
380:
1723:
1682:
1634:
1558:
1485:
1452:
1352:
368:
348:
336:
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186:
138:
75:
67:
62:
52:
42:
23:
1674:8 mm Lebel smokeless powder cartridge (1886)
245:1.31 m (4 ft 4 in) without bayonet
912:"CMPC Dossiers : De la bouche à la culasse"
561:were equipped with Chassepot rifles during the
1705:Du Temple high-circulation steam engine (1876)
247:1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) with bayonet
1325:
1011:(in Portuguese). No. 55. pp. 26–33.
8:
496:The Chassepot was named after its inventor,
1472:Mitrailleuse Gatling modèle APX 1895 (1895)
1214:
415:of 1870–1871. It replaced an assortment of
1332:
1318:
1310:
1280:
1276:Forgotten Weapons – Chassepot Needle Rifle
326:1,200 m (1,300 yd) service rifle
20:
1245:A-R-West, Guy; A-R-West, Leonard (2017).
1763:French weapons in the American Civil War
1649:Pauly-Prélat integrated cartridge (1808)
964:"Vergleich der Systeme im Krieg 1870/71"
237:4.635 kilograms (10 lb 3.5 oz)
71:1866–1874 (primary French service rifle)
1710:Krebs naval electric gyrocompass (1880)
776:
647:
278:charge 5.6g (86.4 grains) black powder
1477:Mle 1897 Hotchkiss Machine gun (1897)
1233:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
1106:McLachlan, Sean (20 September 2011).
7:
1814:Second French intervention in Mexico
1093:
673:French soldier with Chassepot rifle.
439:Manufacture d'Armes de Châtellerault
433:Manufacture d'armes de Saint-Étienne
342:5-Round Non Detachable box Magazine
1164:Mauser Military Rifles of the World
1141:. Krause Publications. p. 88.
808:. Krause Publications. p. 87.
553:Surplus Chassepot were exported to
1753:Second Italian War of Independence
1347:French weapons of the 19th century
693:11mm×59.5R metallic cartridge for
514:Les Chassepots ont fait merveille!
14:
1695:Marié-Davy naval periscope (1854)
1467:Hotchkiss "Canon-Revolver" (1872)
330:fusil pour la cavalerie d'Afrique
273:Lead bullet 25 g (386 grains) in
1715:Smokeless powder Poudre B (1886)
1700:De Bange breech obturator (1872)
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1341:
1213:
737:
725:
713:
701:
678:
666:
650:
481:Josef und Franz Werndl & Co.
364:
31:
1690:Lepage percussion system (1807)
1824:Single-shot bolt-action rifles
1230:New International Encyclopedia
557:. Some of the warriors of the
446:(MAT) and, until 1870, in the
323:Maximum firing range
218:
1:
1758:French Intervention in Mexico
1595:Mechanical powered submarine
448:Manufacture d'Armes de Mutzig
328:1,600 m (1,700 yd)
1738:French Intervention in Spain
1654:Prélat percussion cap (1818)
830:"Zuendnadelgewehr Chassepot"
611:was replaced in 1874 by the
607:To correct this problem the
444:Manufacture d'Armes de Tulle
37:Chassepot rifle with bayonet
1659:Lefaucheux cartridge (1836)
1530:Lahitolle 95 mm (1873)
1202:London: Brown Books, 1998.
744:Chassepot gun, model 1866,
143:Italian Wars of Unification
1842:
1743:French conquest of Algeria
1644:Lepage fulminate (1807–10)
1577:Ironclad floating battery
1510:Canon obusier de 12 (1853)
1462:Reffye mitrailleuse (1866)
834:Schmids-zuendnadelseite.de
498:Antoine Alphonse Chassepot
258:795 mm (31.3 in)
196:Antoine Alphonse Chassepot
1412:
1376:Lefaucheux M1858 revolver
1298:
1291:
1283:
1271:The French Army 1600–1900
978:"ArmasBrasil - Chassepot"
563:first Italo-Ethiopian War
262:
171:First Italo-Ethiopian War
151:French colonial conflicts
53:Place of origin
30:
1545:Canet 320 mm (1880)
1249:. Woodfield Publishing.
1200:The World's Great Rifles
1061:"O EXÉRCITO REPUBLICANO"
1022:Benício, Manoel (2013).
942:. Crowood. p. 368.
936:Flatnes, Oyvind (2013).
708:Close-up, with cartridge
582:Chassepot bolt mechanism
344:8-Round Tubular Magazine
175:Revolutions of 1917–1923
430:It was manufactured by
394:), officially known as
1515:La Hitte system (1858)
1391:Chassepot rifle (1866)
1386:Tabatière rifle (1864)
1302:Fusil Gras Modèle 1874
583:
308:8–15 rounds per minute
304:Rate of fire
125:Principality of Serbia
1819:French Foreign Legion
1622:Electrical submarine
1540:de Bange 90 mm (1877)
1535:de Bange 80 mm (1877)
1495:Year XI system (1803)
1362:Delvigne rifle (1826)
1135:Walter, John (2006).
802:Walter, John (2006).
581:
167:Federalist Revolution
1664:Tamisier ball (1841)
1406:Modèle 1892 revolver
1174:. pp. 138–139.
865:Bibliotekacyfrowa.pl
314:Muzzle velocity
1809:Franco-Prussian War
1768:Franco-Prussian War
1525:Reffye 75 mm (1873)
1520:Reffye 85 mm (1870)
1505:Valée system (1828)
1500:Paixhans gun (1823)
1138:Rifles of the World
1110:. Men-at-Arms 471.
982:www.armasbrasil.com
805:Rifles of the World
695:Fusil Gras mle 1874
615:rifle which used a
525:Franco-Prussian War
413:Franco-Prussian War
318:410 m/s (1345 ft/s)
288:11 mm (.433 inches)
147:Franco-Prussian War
1550:Canon de 75 (1897)
1401:Lebel rifle (1886)
1381:Minié rifle (1849)
1293:French Army rifle
1025:O rei dos jagunços
634:Kingdom of Bavaria
584:
510:Giuseppe Garibaldi
187:Production history
163:Revolution of 1880
155:War of the Pacific
129:Tokugawa shogunate
109:Kingdom of Dahomey
88:Kingdom of Bavaria
1786:
1785:
1669:Minié ball (1847)
1613:Armoured cruiser
1604:Steel battleship
1568:Steam battleship
1396:Gras rifle (1874)
1308:
1307:
1299:Succeeded by
1256:978-1-84683-187-4
1181:978-1-4402-1544-5
1162:Ball, R. (2011).
1148:978-0-89689-241-5
1112:Osprey Publishing
1038:978-85-7018-438-2
949:978-1-84797-594-2
867:(in Polish). 1873
815:978-0-89689-241-5
630:Kingdom of Saxony
626:11 mm Mauser
506:Battle of Mentana
502:Dreyse needle gun
452:Château des Rohan
397:Fusil modèle 1866
356:
355:
92:Kingdom of Saxony
16:French needle gun
1831:
1799:Rifles of France
1444:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1311:
1284:Preceded by
1281:
1260:
1234:
1217:
1216:
1186:
1185:
1172:Gun Digest Books
1166:(5th ed.).
1159:
1153:
1152:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1030:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
988:on 19 April 2023
984:. Archived from
974:
968:
967:
960:
954:
953:
933:
927:
926:
924:
922:
908:
902:
901:
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854:
845:
844:
842:
840:
826:
820:
819:
799:
793:
790:
784:
781:
741:
729:
720:Bayonet assembly
717:
705:
682:
670:
657:Chassepot paper
654:
559:Ethiopian Empire
539:Empire of Brazil
462:(Liege), and in
421:Tabatière rifles
390:
389:
386:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
337:Feed system
220:
121:Ethiopian Empire
96:Brazilian Empire
35:
26:
21:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1778:Sino-French War
1773:Tonkin Campaign
1733:Napoleonic Wars
1725:
1719:
1678:
1630:
1554:
1481:
1448:
1447:
1410:
1369:Carabine à tige
1348:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1304:
1295:
1289:
1287:Tabatière rifle
1267:
1257:
1244:
1241:
1239:Further reading
1223:
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1190:
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1182:
1161:
1160:
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601:
576:
571:
494:
466:at Brescia (by
367:
363:
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275:paper cartridge
263:
246:
182:other conflicts
181:
179:1923 Revolution
177:
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131:
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68:In service
63:Service history
38:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1265:External links
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1114:. p. 35.
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1009:Revista Magnum
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687:.22 Long Rifle
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574:Bolt mechanism
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544:War of Canudos
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450:in the former
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229:Specifications
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1225:Gilman, D. C.
1221:
1220:public domain
1212:
1209:
1208:1-897884-33-8
1205:
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1198:Ford, Roger.
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1804:Early rifles
1623:
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1454:Machine guns
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992:30 September
990:. Retrieved
986:the original
981:
972:
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938:
931:
919:. Retrieved
915:
906:
894:. Retrieved
890:
887:"mousqueton"
881:
869:. Retrieved
864:
837:. Retrieved
833:
824:
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779:
622:fusil Modèle
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537:In 1872 the
536:
529:
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431:
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396:
395:
391:
362:(pronounced
359:
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340:Single-shot
329:
255: length
76:Used by
18:
1748:Crimean War
1724:Operational
916:Alienor.org
891:Alienor.org
858:"Bladstadt"
792:Ford, p. 23
760:Antique gun
685:From left:
632:and of the
518:Minié rifle
456:French Navy
402:bolt-action
298:Bolt action
221: built
1793:Categories
1636:Ammunition
1606:Redoutable
1367:Thouvenin
1354:Small arms
1296:1866–1874
1193:References
661:and boxes.
617:centerfire
588:obturation
569:Technology
425:Gras rifle
224:~2,000,000
159:Boshin War
47:Needle gun
25:Chassepot
1586:Ironclad
1094:Ball 2011
1047:872368766
659:cartridge
609:Chassepot
599:Cartridge
565:of 1896.
404:military
360:Chassepot
269:Cartridge
213:1866–1875
205:1858–1866
98:(Limited)
1597:Plongeur
1570:Napoléon
1560:Warships
754:See also
638:receiver
593:de Bange
468:Glisenti
400:, was a
392:SHAS-poh
210:Produced
202:Designed
192:Designer
1683:Systems
1624:Gymnote
1487:Cannons
1222::
748:, 1869.
644:Gallery
523:In the
492:History
476:Austria
472:England
460:Belgium
442:(MAC),
436:(MAS),
284:Caliber
105:Bolivia
1626:(1888)
1617:(1890)
1608:(1876)
1599:(1863)
1590:(1858)
1588:Gloire
1581:(1854)
1572:(1850)
1371:(1846)
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946:
921:8 July
896:8 July
871:8 July
839:8 July
812:
746:Mutzig
458:), in
352:Ladder
349:Sights
294:Action
253:Barrel
242:Length
117:Greece
84:Monaco
80:France
57:France
1726:usage
1081:(PDF)
1064:(PDF)
1029:(PDF)
861:(PDF)
771:Notes
555:China
486:Steyr
464:Italy
417:Minié
409:rifle
332:model
1579:Lave
1251:ISBN
1204:ISBN
1176:ISBN
1168:Iola
1143:ISBN
1116:ISBN
1043:OCLC
1033:ISBN
994:2022
944:ISBN
923:2018
898:2018
873:2018
841:2018
810:ISBN
613:Gras
474:and
358:The
234:Mass
139:Wars
101:Peru
43:Type
534:.
484:in
219:No.
1795::
1170::
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849:^
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384:oʊ
1333:e
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689:;
620:(
387:/
381:p
378:s
375:æ
372:ʃ
369:ˈ
366:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
