34:
144:
134:
349:, was Pestel's second in command in the Southern Society. Company commanders Veniamin Solovyov, Anastasy Kuzmin and Mikhail Schepilo were active members of the United Slavs. The regiment was literally infested with rebel officers at all levels. Rebel officers also infiltrated nearby Aktyrka, Alexopol, Kremenchug and Poltava regiments although to a lesser extent. Muravyov-Apostol counted on "allied" units stationed in
475:, a full day's march west of Bila Tserkva. The government now seized the initiative and removed unstable troops from the area. Muravyov-Apostol could now count only on fellow Decembrists in Zhitomir. The rebels turned again, this time heading north-west through the same Kamyanka valley which they left four days ago. Meanwhile, more officers deserted the regiment and discipline among the ranks was failing.
99:
111:
511:
to death. Nicholas commuted most of the sentences, although in an indiscriminate manner inconsistent with each individual's guilt. Five were actually hanged, including the
Chernigov Regiment leaders Sergey Muravyov-Apostol and Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin. Others received sentences ranging from demotion to Army service to life in
494:, Solovyov saved him from immediate lynching by demoralized soldiers. 869 rebels surrendered without offering any resistance: government force had not suffered a single casualty. Rebels lost 60 soldiers, three officers and twelve civilians. Ippolit Muravyov-Apostol and Anastasy Kuzmin shot themselves.
437:. Their leaders divided over the course of action. The United Slavs pressed for immediate capture of Kiev, only one day's march away. Muravyov and Bestuzhev-Ryumin opposed immediate action until other regiments join the revolt. Their opinion prevailed. Muravyov issued orders to march west to Brusyliv,
458:
Regiment. He was not aware that by this time
Vadkovsky was already arrested and that the government moved the unstable 17th Jägers away from Bila Tserkva. Meanwhile, the unexpected stopover and mounting uncertainty demoralized both enlisted men and career officers. Officers Apostol-Kegich, Mayevsky,
510:
The court in Saint
Petersburg pronounced its statement July 9, 1826. Of 121 prisoners found guilty, 61 belonged to the Northern Society, 60 to the Southern Society and the United Slavs, although only a small fraction of them was directly involved in the revolt. Thirty-six Decembrists were sentenced
419:
Muravyov's associates Kuzmin, Schepilo, Solovyov and
Sukhinov realized that now the ring narrowed around themselves and settled for an open revolt. They rushed to Trylesy and set Muravyov-Apostol and Bestuzhev-Ryumin free. Colonel Goebel was injured in a sword fight and left to bleed but survived.
453:
December 31] 1825 Chernigov
Regiment left Vasylkiv for Brusyliv. In Motovylivka Muravyov-Amursky learnt that the Decemrists of Alexapol Regiment refused to join the revolt, which made further westward movement useless. Muravyov-Amursky ordered an overnight stop at Motovylivka and took his time
341:
in the south and
Fastivets, Mytnytsia, Vasylkiv and Kiev in the north. The soldiers lived individually in peasant's huts, literally "off the country". This helped the Decembrists in agitating enlisted men one by one without raising suspicion, but in the decisive hour prevented them from assembling
502:
Immediately after suppression of the revolt the loyalists arrested the officers involved in the revolt, including those who deserted the rebels in
Motovylivka. More arrests followed as the prisoners in Saint Petersburg reported their connections, real or imaginary. All commissioned officers were
432:
Major
Trukhin, the highest-ranking loyalist of the Chernigov regiment, attempted to quell the rebels and was lynched on the spot. Without further resistance the whole regiment united in an open revolt against monarchy. The rebels now counted one thousand men in strength, complete with regimental
420:
Soldiers of Kuzmin's 5th company of the
Chernigov Regiment stationed in Trylisy supported their officers, and on the following day Muravyov-Apostol assumed command and declared an open revolt. Unlike the action in Saint Petersburg, where soldiers were lured into defending
373:
December 13]. The
Decembrists in Ukraine panicked but did not act, hoping that the arrest was an isolated episode, and that their ringleader will keep silence. Ten days later they received the news of a failed revolt and mass arrests in Saint Petersburg.
470:
January 1] Muravyov-Apostol led the regiment south to Bila Tserkva. By the end of the next day they reached Polohy where Sukhinov arranged a forward scouting party to Bila Tserkva. The scouts brought back fearful news that the 17th Jägers relocated to
337:. Companies of the regiment were scattered in the villages west of Vasylkiv, along the Kamyanka River. These villages, from Trylisy in the west to Ustimivka in south-east, form a continuous band of settlements along Kamyanka, and are connected by roads to
237:
and reached one thousand men in strength. Uncertain about their strategy, rebel leaders camped in Motovilovka, while the government seized the initiative and mobilized its forces in pursuit. The rebels dropped their initial plans of taking over Kiev or
515:. In 1828 one of the Chernigov Regiment veterans, Ivan Sukhinov, was indicted in an attempted prison riot and committed suicide. Prosecution of the Decembrists, most of them ethnic Russian nobles, by a government party led by ethnic Germans (Geismar,
428:
legitimate monarch, the Chernigov Regiment soldiers were clearly told of the anti-government, anti-monarchist nature of the revolt. They marched west to nearby Kovalivka and absorbed the 2nd company. December 30 the rebels' vanguard reached Vasylkiv.
582:
407:
246:
and back to their starting point at Trylisy. Their retreat was checked by a 400-strong loyalist unit near Kovalivka. Demoralized rebel soldiers lost around 80 men to artillery fire and surrendered without resistance.
534:. Three of them received a lethal dose of "twelve runs" (12,000 strikes) and died, 103 survived with 1,000 to 4,000 strikes. They and the rest of the soldiers were transferred to serve in the action of the
568:
in modern Ukrainian). By 1825 the Army units were largely disconnected from their namesake towns. English-language sources (Mazour, Seton-Watson et al.) normally use transliterate geographical names from
895:
401:
against him which was delivered to Vasylkiv on the next day. Bestuzhev-Ryumin managed to get through to Muravyov-Apostol first and warned him of a manhunt. The two conspirators were put back by
369:, they launched a military coup in Saint Petrersburg. It failed at a cost of 1,271 lives, mostly civilians. In an unrelated move Diebitsch arrested Pestel on December 25 [
412:
refusal to join the revolt with his Aktyrka Regiment. The arrest party followed the fugitives through Zhitomir and Lyubar and finally arrested them in Trylisy January 8 [
292:, Ukraine. Pestel and the Semyonovsky Regiment exiles recruited and indoctrinated a secret society of disgruntled Army officers. In the same year it split with the
530:
January 22] 1826 a commission based in Bila Tserkva reviewed 987 individual cases of Chernigov Regiment soldiers and found 51 of them innocent. 106 men were
454:
evaluating the alternatives. He finally settled on Bila Tserkva, were his lieutenant Vadkovsky apparently had influence over fellow officers of the 17th
421:
482:
January 3] the regiment left Polohy for Trylisy. Halfway between Ustimivka and Kovalivka the rebels marched head-on into government troops led by
637:
for his involvement in the Semyonovsky Regiment affair. Muravyov-Apostol needed him free, and hoped to persuade Rot to release Bestuzhev-Ryumin.
314:
himself received reliable but fragmented information on the scope of conspiracy in the troops. No arrests were made until Alexander's death in
878:
834:
345:
Regiment commander colonel Goebel was not involved in the conspiracy and was not aware of it. His immediate subordinate, battalion commander
900:
229:
reached Ukraine, the radical Decembrist officers incited the Chernigov infantry regiment against the government. The rebels marched from
910:
298:
103:
870:
826:
808:
905:
520:
353:
and Brusyliv in the west and in Bila Tserkva to the south, although in real life these units remained on the government's side.
293:
930:
463:. The United Slavs managed to incite local Ukrainian peasants, but their support could not compensate for lack of strategy.
527:
490:
with two field cannon. Artillery quickly brought rebels into submission. Sergey Muravyov-Apostol was wounded by the first
479:
467:
450:
413:
378:
370:
362:
319:
207:
203:
55:
49:
935:
483:
149:
267:
925:
915:
516:
381:
December 26] Sergey Muravyov-Apostol, Pestel's second-in-command in the Southern Society, left his station in
239:
920:
386:
281:
138:
809:
Soldaty - uchastniki zagovora i vosstaniya dekabristov (Солдаты - участники заговора и восстания декабристов)
598:
504:
346:
307:
128:
361:
Alexander's death interrupted the Decembrists' plans and forced them to act immediately. December 26 [
277:
243:
311:
818:
The first Russian revolution, 1825: the Decembrist movement, its origins, development, and significance
402:
531:
366:
255:
507:
in Saint Petersburg and faced the same investigators and judges as the Saint Peterburg Decembrists.
455:
273:
33:
303:
280:
was disbanded for a single incident of insubordination. Semyonovsky officers Alexander Vadkovsky,
184:
325:
Chernigov Regiment of foot was actually based in the Kiev Governorate, halfway between Kiev and
258:
and his successors eradicated liberalism in the troops and secured their unconditional loyalty.
874:
866:
856:
850:
830:
822:
546:
545:
for two months and then stripped of his nobility and clerical title and sent for hard work to
251:
195:
25:
459:
Meschersky and Petin, who willfully joined the revolt, now deserted it. Soldiers indulged in
230:
840:
570:
226:
67:
434:
302:
but by 1823 Pestel's influence brought the two groups back together. A third society, the
288:, a radical member of a conspiracy ring now known as the Decembrists, was transferred to
817:
398:
199:
143:
133:
116:
98:
889:
535:
491:
183:
Names of towns, villages and rivers in this article were transliterated from modern
338:
334:
326:
306:, operated in Ukraine in alliance with the Southern Society. Second Army commander
285:
219:
861:
526:
Enlisted soldiers were punished right where they were detained. February 4 [
284:
and others were demoted to the Army units stationed in Ukraine. In 1821 colonel
845:
254:, it was "the first and the last political revolt by Army officers" in Russia:
812:, in: Dekabristy i ih vremya (Декабристы и их время), vol. 4. Moscow: VOPSP.
565:
542:
394:
634:
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234:
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211:
71:
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banner, purse and even their own chaplain Daniel Keyser but without
397:
to incite the Alexopol Regiment. Muravyov-Apostol barely escaped an
564:
Excluding the title of the regiment itself (Chernigov Regiment vs.
441:
from Kiev, to unite with "allied" Akhtyrka and Alexapol regiments.
215:
597:
to differentiate it from the previous palace coups by the
194:
was the second and the last major armed conflict of the
365:
December 14] 1825, on the day of the accession of
896:
19th-century military history of the Russian Empire
486:. Geismar had around 400 men – four squadrons of
549:. He was granted amnesty and a pension in 1858.
523:) gave rise to rumours of a German conspiracy.
18:
296:of Saint Petersburg and assumed the title of
8:
593:Seton-Watson, pp. 196–197. Note emphasis on
385:to meet general Loggin Rot and Decembrist
329:. Regimental headquarters were located in
15:
633:Bestuzhev-Ryumin was denied the right to
541:Chaplain father Daniel was detained in a
225:After the news of the rebels' defeat in
699:
697:
557:
821:. Stanford University Press. Reissue:
611:
609:
607:
202:. The revolt unfolded January 10 [
7:
393:. Lieutenant Andreevich departed to
310:, the imperial government and tsar
806:Gabayev, G. S. (1932, in Russian).
206:December 29] – January 15 [
104:Southern Society of the Decembrists
14:
142:
132:
109:
97:
32:
342:the whole force in short time.
1:
862:The Russian empire, 1801–1917
484:Friedrich Caspar von Geismar
150:Friedrich Caspar von Geismar
901:Military history of Ukraine
865:. Oxford University Press.
268:Russian interregnum of 1825
952:
911:1826 in the Russian Empire
265:
182:
192:Chernigov Regiment revolt
168:
155:
122:
90:
40:
31:
23:
19:Chernigov Regiment revolt
815:Mazour, Anatole (1937).
532:run through the gauntlet
387:Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin
282:Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin
139:Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin
906:19th-century rebellions
846:Dekabristy (Декабристы)
505:Peter and Paul Fortress
347:Sergey Muravyov-Apostol
322:November 19] 1825.
308:Hans Karl von Diebitsch
210:January 3] 1826 in
129:Sergey Muravyov-Apostol
682:Nechkina, pp. 125–126.
664:Nechkina, pp. 122–125.
646:Nechkina, pp. 121–122.
615:Nechkina, pp. 120–121.
278:Russian Imperial Guard
123:Commanders and leaders
931:Rebellions in Ukraine
712:Mazour, pp. 191, 193.
422:Constantine Pavlovich
266:Further information:
242:and marched south to
169:Casualties and losses
843:(1984, in Russian).
748:Mazour, pp. 212–213.
739:Mazour, pp. 194–195.
721:Mazour, pp. 193–194.
691:Mazour, pp. 184–188.
655:Mazour, pp. 183–184.
461:harassing local Jews
294:Northern Decembrists
936:January 1826 events
583:Polohy, Kyiv oblast
503:transported to the
318:on December 1 [
274:Semenovsky Regiment
58:January 3] 1826
857:Seton-Watson, Hugh
416:December 28].
403:Artamon Muravyov's
185:Ukrainian language
82:Government victory
52:December 30] –
926:Decembrist revolt
916:Conflicts in 1826
879:978-0-19-822152-4
841:Nechkina, Militsa
835:978-0-8047-0081-8
766:Nechkina, p. 137.
730:Nechkina, p. 128.
703:Nechkina, p. 127.
547:Babruysk fortress
252:Hugh Seton-Watson
196:Decembrist revolt
181:
180:
86:
85:
26:Decembrist revolt
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478:January 15 [
466:January 13 [
449:January 12 [
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299:Southern Society
227:Saint Petersburg
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68:Kiev Governorate
54:January 15 [
48:January 10 [
42:
41:
36:
16:
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945:
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942:
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921:1826 in Ukraine
886:
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793:Mazour, p. 188.
792:
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775:Mazour, p. 196.
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624:Mazour, p. 182.
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399:arrest warrant
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200:Russian Empire
198:in the former
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827:0-8047-0081-8
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536:Caucasian War
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492:canister shot
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517:Benckendorff
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344:
339:Bila Tserkva
335:Stuhna River
327:Bila Tserkva
324:
304:United Slavs
297:
286:Pavel Pestel
272:In 1820 the
271:
249:
224:
220:Bila Tserkva
191:
189:
91:Belligerents
24:Part of the
406: [
312:Alexander I
890:Categories
849:. Moscow:
498:Punishment
367:Nicholas I
262:Background
256:Nicholas I
566:Chernihiv
543:monastery
395:Radomyshl
174:Around 80
859:(1988).
784:Gabayev.
635:furlough
391:Zhitomir
383:Vasylkiv
357:Outbreak
351:Zhitomir
331:Vasylkiv
316:Taganrog
240:Brusilov
235:Vasylkiv
214:between
156:Strength
63:Location
800:Sources
513:Siberia
488:hussars
290:Tulchyn
276:of the
231:Trylisy
212:Ukraine
72:Ukraine
877:
869:
833:
825:
473:Skvira
456:Jägers
445:Defeat
244:Polohy
141:
131:
114:
79:Result
851:Nauka
553:Notes
410:]
389:, in
161:1,000
875:ISBN
867:ISBN
831:ISBN
823:ISBN
595:Army
528:O.S.
480:O.S.
468:O.S.
451:O.S.
439:away
414:O.S.
379:O.S.
371:O.S.
363:O.S.
320:O.S.
218:and
216:Kiev
208:O.S.
204:O.S.
190:The
177:None
56:O.S.
50:O.S.
45:Date
426:the
424:as
333:on
164:400
892::
873:,
829:,
696:^
606:^
538:.
519:,
408:ru
222:.
70:,
881:.
853:.
837:.
601:.
573:.
187:.
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