339:
304:
532:
126:
585:
44:
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1999:
523:
627:
610:. Between 2003 and 2010 the castle was the subject of a massive excavation and restoration project, costing 14.5 million euros. It was hoped that the restored castle would attract 250,000 tourists a year with a visitor centre built in the Fort St-George. Before the visitor centre was built, the site was the subject of an archaeological excavation which covered nearly 4,000 square metres (43,000 sq ft), unearthing the entire interior of the fort. The royal lodgings (
662:
705:
199:
320:. In June that year Richard travelled to Paris with Philip II and struck up a friendship with the French king. Concerned his son might turn against him, Henry II asked him to return. Richard went to Chinon and raided the castle's treasury so he could fund the repair of his own castles in Aquitaine. In 1189 Richard and Philip were wreaking havoc in
642:
commented that even before Château de Chinon came under the control of Henry II "its strength was such that nature seemed to vie with human art in fortifying and defending it". That said, in the 12th century Henry II undertook a project of rebuilding the castle and much of the extant
385:
to meet the French outside the castle walls. Hubert de Burgh was injured and taken prisoner in the event, and would remain in captivity until 1207. Soon after Château de Chinon was captured, Philip II took
Normandy from the England crown. The French king was a prolific castle-builder and was
271:, had been crowned king of England alongside his father but had no land of his own and was angered by the slight. His discontent grew and Henry the Young King demanded some of the land promised to him be handed over, claiming to have the support of the English barons and his father-in-law, King
242:
of the castles of Chinon, Loudun, and
Mirebeau to surrender before laying siege to the Château de Montsoreau. Following the loss of Montsoreau, Geoffrey surrendered to his brother. By 1156 Chinon, Loudun, and Mirebeau were back under Geoffrey's control. That year he readied them for war as he
251:
of £1,500 in compensation. The presence of a treasury and one of Henry II's main arsenals marked Chinon as a particularly important castle in the 12th century. It was a primary residence of Henry II, who was responsible for construction of almost all of the massive castle.
338:
381:, to prevent them from being used by the enemy. By 1205, Chinon was one of the last castles in the Loire Valley. It fell to French forces in the Easter of 1205 after a siege of several months; damage to the castle meant the garrison was no longer able to hold out so
614:) which were roofless for two hundred years, were restored inside and out and given a mock 15th-century interior. In addition about 150 metres (490 ft) of the ramparts were also restored as well as the Tour du Coudray. Today, it is owned and managed by the
674:, England's patron saint. The Château du Coudray was added by Philip II in the early 13th century, while the Château de Milieu was built in the 12th and 14th centuries. The round Tour du Coudray built by Philip II (which has parallels at
669:
The easternmost enclosure is known as Fort St-Georges, the central is the Château du Milieu (the middle castle), while the westernmost is known as the Fort du
Coudray. The Fort St-George was built under Henry II and contained a chapel dedicated to
328:, capturing Henry II's castles; the King was ill and went to the Château de Chinon. He left briefly in July to meet with Richard and Philip II and agree a truce, and died at Chinon on 6 July. The King's body was taken to
386:
responsible for building the cylindrical keep at Chinon, the Tour du
Coudray. The round keep was typical of French design of the period, a departure from usually square keeps, and was repeated by Philip II at the castles of
315:
After the revolt ended in 1174, relations between Henry II and his sons continued to be strained. By 1187 Henry the Young King was dead, Richard was in line to inherit, and Henry II was on the brink of war with
287:
were prepared for war. En route they stayed at Chinon; under the cover of darkness Henry the Young King escaped and set off to Paris to join the court of Louis VII. Two of Henry the Young King's brothers,
600:, better known as a writer, assumed the position in 1834 and helped halt the decay that had set in at Château de Chinon and instigated repairs to the structure. Since 1840, the castle has been recognised as a
445:, were imprisoned at Château de Chinon, in the Tour du Coudray built by Philip II one century earlier. Graffiti carved by the imprisoned knights can be seen on the walls of the tower. In August 1308,
190:. In exchange for his release, Theobald agreed to recognise Geoffrey's ownership of Chinon, Langeais, and Tours. From then until the early 13th century, Château de Chinon descended through his heirs.
698:
stands in many places, the buildings within the château do not survive to the same extent, and in many cases little more can be said about them than the location of their foundations and possible use.
1783:
573:
was given the castle to prevent it from coming under the control of unfriendly forces, though he allowed it to fall into ruin. Château de Chinon was abandoned until 1793 when, during the
82:, after Geoffrey rebelled for a second time. Henry favoured the Château de Chinon as a residence. Most of the standing structure can be attributed to his reign; he died there in 1189.
558:
so that she could be cross-examined to ensure she was telling the truth. Joan returned to Chinon in April where
Charles granted her supplies and sent her to join the army at Orléans.
234:
numbered amongst these castles as they were in the territory which may have been traditionally the inheritance of the second oldest son. Geoffrey rebelled against his older brother,
2035:
103:
in the 15th century, the Château de Chinon became a prison in the second half of the 16th century, but then fell out of use and was left to decay. It was recognized as a
89:
harassed the
English lands in France, and in 1205 he captured Chinon after a siege that lasted several months. Thereafter, the castle remained under French control. When King
1293:
510:. Between 1427 and 1450 Château de Chinon was the residence of Charles, when Touraine was virtually the only territory left to him in France, the rest being occupied by the
2045:
145:. From prehistoric times, when the settlement of Chinon originated, rivers formed the major trade routes, and the Vienne joins the fertile southern plains of the
1112:
1776:
592:
The 19th century saw increasing public interest in France's heritage and efforts were undertaken to preserve historic buildings. In 1830 the new King
267:. John had no land, but as part of the arrangement Henry promised him the castles of Chinon, Loudun, and Mirebeau. Henry II's eldest son, also called
279:
he was informed of a conspiracy involving his wife and sons to overthrow him. Choosing to keep his eldest son by his side, Henry II set off north to
786:
182:
and then Chinon, some 22 km (14 mi) away. When Fulk arrived at Chinon the castle's garrison immediately sought terms and surrendered. In 1044,
243:
rebelled against Henry a second time. In the intervening years, his brother had been crowned King Henry II of
England at the end of a long-running
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in the early 12th century. By the close of the 13th century they had gained swathes of lands in Europe, particularly France. King
638:, Château de Chinon has natural defences on three sides and a ditch dug along the fourth. Writing in the 12th century, the chronicler
211:
296:, joined him in rebellion along with the barons of France and some in England. War followed, lasting until 1174, and Chinon, Loudun, and
2025:
554:. While staying at the castle she resided in the Tour du Coudray. Charles met with her two days after her arrival and then sent her to
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in the closing years of the 12th century, which also consists of three enclosures and sits on a promontory above a nearby town.
486:. The war ended in 1453 when the English were finally ejected from France, but in the early 15th century the English under King
1701:
1433:
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General
Council and is a major tourist attraction. It was restored in the early 21st century, at a cost of €14.5 million.
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built the earliest known castle on the mount of Chinon in the 10th century. He fortified it for use as a stronghold. After
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1918:
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373:, took over as commander of Chinon's garrison; the war was not going in John's favour and in August that year he ordered the
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arrived at Château de Chinon. She claimed to hear heavenly voices that said
Charles would grant her an army to relieve the
247:. Henry besieged and captured Geoffrey's castles in the summer of 1156 and kept them under his control, giving Geoffrey an
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The settlement of Chinon is on the bank of the river Vienne about 10 kilometres (6 mi) from where it joins the
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during the first decade of the 14th century, several leading members of the order were imprisoned there.
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in 1420 made Henry V the heir apparent to the French throne but when Henry predeceased the French king,
1983:
1928:
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43:
1973:
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In 1199, John succeeded his brother as king of
England. By 1202 his lands in France were under threat from
1968:
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179:
167:
1808:
311:, was built during the reign of Philip Augustus, and in the early 14th century was used as a prison.
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sent three cardinals to hear the leaders' confessions. The outcome was that in 1312 the pope issued a
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to the thoroughfare of the Loire. The site was fortified early on, and by the 5th century a
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The castle is divided, along its length, into three enclosures, each separated by a deep dry
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remains date from this period. The stone used to build the castle was quarried on the site.
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over the succession to the French throne following the extinction of the main line of the
423:
498:, the issue of succession was again uncertain. The English supported Henry V's son,
1723:
1661:
1618:, French Studies of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries, vol. 28, Peter Lang,
1612:
1406:
Henneman, John Bell Jr. (1995), "Chinon", in William W. Kibler; Grover A. Zinn (eds.),
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114:
59:
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Fulk Nerra, the neo-Roman consul, 987–1040: a political biography of the Angevin count
694:) guarded the bridge linking the Fort du Coudray and the Château de Milieu. While the
2014:
1691:
1489:
1470:
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For a time in the 14th century the Château de Chinon was used as a prison. The
1614:
Preserving the provinces: small town and countryside in the work of Honoré de Balzac
588:
The remains of the Fort St George in 2005, before the visitor centre was built.
1567:
1364:
1241:
463:. The leaders were sentenced to life imprisonment, apart from Jacques de Molay and
346:
Château de Chinon - Slab on the ground at the site of St Melaine's chapel in which
219:
35:
1651:
218:, inherited four castles. Robert did not specify which these were, but historian
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244:
154:
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17:
1643:
1325:
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Inside the royal apartments before they were restored in the 21st century
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in 1840. The castle, which contains a museum, is now owned and managed by the
55:
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31:
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in the 14th and 15th centuries was fought between the kings of
365:. In January 1203 John sent a band of mercenaries to retrieve Queen
78:, a member of the House of Anjou, took the castle from his brother
660:
625:
583:
540:
The royal apartments before and after the 21st-century restoration
413:
302:
197:
142:
124:
70:. In the 11th century the castle became the property of the
687:
647:
399:
308:
1765:
1720: – Web archive of the official site through December 2015.
369:
from Chinon as it was under threat from rebels. In the spring
596:
created the role of Inspector-General of Historic Monuments.
1997:
561:
In 1562 the château came briefly into the possession of the
1596:, English Monarchs Series, University of California Press,
1576:, English Monarchs Series, University of California Press,
1426:
The Castle in England and Wales: an Interpretative History
459:, suppressing the order and its property was given to the
255:
In 1173 Henry II betrothed his youngest son, Prince
665:
Museum model of how Château de Chinon may have appeared
441:. The leaders of the order, including the Grand Master
1632:
West, F. J. (2004). "Burgh, Hubert de, earl of Kent".
437:
had the members of the order in his kingdom arrested,
630:
Fort du Coudray, the castle's westernmost enclosure
618:General Council and is a major tourist attraction.
1660:
1611:
1392:, English Monarchs Series, Yale University Press,
577:, the castle was temporarily occupied by royalist
502:who was still a child, while the French supported
581:. Soon after, the castle lapsed back into decay.
1724:Official website of the Royal Fortress of Chinon
2036:Historic house museums in Centre-Val de Loire
1777:
987:
985:
912:
910:
855:
853:
283:, ensuring along the way that his castles in
8:
1638:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1136:
1134:
1117:, Fortresse Royale de Chinon, archived from
1071:
1069:
791:, Fortresse Royale de Chinon, archived from
634:Standing on a rocky outcrop above the river
214:in 1151 his second son, who was also called
1784:
1770:
1762:
1693:Chateaux-forts et fortifications en France
361:, threatening the east, and the barons of
1332:, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press,
1295:The Cathedral Builders of the Middle Ages
1262:Chirol, Serge; Seydoux, Philippe (1992),
781:
779:
1469:Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (1997),
1444:Churches and Castles of Mediaeval France
1246:The Capetians: kings of France, 987–1328
490:made significant territorial gains. The
206:According to contemporaneous chronicler
42:
2046:Monuments historiques of Indre-et-Loire
1635:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1369:Joan of Arc: the legend and the reality
1158:Erlande-Brandenburg (1995), p. 104
1093:Chirol & Seydoux (1992), p. 83
746:Pérouse de Montclos (1997), p. 178
739:
426:had been founded in the Holy Land as a
334:
1330:Richard the Lionheart: Knight and King
1282:Prehistoric Europe: the economic basis
565:and was turned into a state prison by
300:were key to Henry II's defence.
238:, in 1152. Henry negotiated with the
94:accused the Knights Templar of heresy
85:Early in the 13th century, King
7:
1149:Quoted in Warren (1973), p. 231
439:accusing them of heretical practices
212:Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou
1424:King, David James Cathcart (1988),
1302:' series, Thames & Hudson Ltd,
650:. There are some similarities with
1206:, University of California Press,
1075:Neillands (2001), pp. 253–258
202:La Tour de l'Horloge (clock tower)
129:The castle viewed from across the
25:
925:Gillingham (2002), pp. 82–85
811:Bachrach (1993), pp. 239–240
371:Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent
58:located on the bank of the river
1696:(in French), Paris: Flammarion,
1442:Larned, Walter Cranston (1895),
1408:Medieval France: an encyclopedia
1027:Barber (1993), pp. 107, 111
703:
530:
521:
337:
47:Château de Chinon from the south
1496:, Manchester University Press,
1494:The Loss of Normandy, 1198–1204
1167:Stokstad (2005), pp. 37–38
868:Warren (1973), pp. 117–118
2021:Castles in Centre-Val de Loire
1553:, Cambridge University Press,
1535:, Greenwood Publishing Group,
1227:, Cambridge University Press,
1114:History of a construction site
1045:Neillands (2001), pp. 1–4
377:of several castles, including
1:
1348:The Loire: A Cultural History
1063:Stokstad (2005), p. xxxv
1054:Neillands (2001), p. 236
943:Warren (1978), pp. 84–86
934:Gillingham (2002), p. 99
886:Gillingham (2002), p. 42
829:Warren (1973), pp. 45–47
467:who were burnt at the stake.
2031:Châteaux of the Loire Valley
1793:Châteaux of the Loire Valley
1652:UK public library membership
1512:Knights Templar Encyclopedia
1472:Châteaux of the Loire Valley
1328:(1999), Jean Birrell (ed.),
1264:Chateaux of the Val de Loire
1176:Henneman (1995), p. 218
1084:Gies (1981), pp. 45, 52
820:Bradbury (2007), p. 102
719:Châteaux of the Loire Valley
66:, France. It was founded by
1350:, Oxford University Press,
1284:, Stanford University Press
1009:Barber (1993), pp. 1–2
991:Thompson (1991), p. 43
979:Powicke (1999), p. 264
952:Powicke (1999), p. 160
916:Stokstad (2005), p. 38
859:Stokstad (2005), p. 37
261:Umberto III, Count of Savoy
184:Geoffrey II, Count of Anjou
2062:
2026:Royal residences in France
1549:Thompson, Michael (1991),
1290:Erlande-Brandenburg, Alain
1140:Larned (1895), p. 147
961:Warren (1978), p. 116
904:Warren (1973), p. 132
877:Warren (1973), p. 118
847:Warren (1973), p. 591
773:Wheeler (1983), p. 14
764:Garrett (2011), p. xv
608:French Ministry of Culture
188:Theobald of Blois-Chartres
164:Theobald I, Count of Blois
111:French Ministry of Culture
68:Theobald I, Count of Blois
29:
2041:Museums in Indre-et-Loire
1995:
1799:
1451:Neillands, Robin (2001),
1446:, Charles Scribner's Sons
1225:The Trial of the Templars
1185:Dunlop (1969), p. 14
1018:Ralls (2007), p. 183
1000:King (1983), p. xvii
838:Warren (1973), p. 65
755:Clark (1952), p. 282
724:List of castles in France
332:and Richard became king.
263:, an influential lord in
80:Geoffrey, Count of Nantes
1718:Royal Fortress of Chinon
1659:Wheeler, Daniel (1983),
1346:Garrett, Martin (2011),
1280:Clark, J. G. D. (1952),
1036:Barber (1993), p. 3
895:Flori (1999), p. 33
435:Philip IV of France
359:Philip II of France
275:. While the King was at
273:Louis VII of France
222:speculated that Chinon,
172:Fulk III, Count of Anjou
170:died in battle in 1037,
788:History of the fortress
307:The Tour du Coudray, a
99:Used as a residence by
2002:
1663:The Chateaux of France
1610:Watts, Andrew (2007),
1590:Warren, W. L. (1978),
1551:The Rise of the Castle
1428:, London: Croom Helm,
1102:Watts (2007), pp.39–40
666:
631:
589:
419:
312:
203:
168:Odo II, Count of Blois
162:had been established.
133:
48:
2001:
1690:Mesqui, Jean (1997),
1644:10.1093/ref:odnb/3991
1510:Ralls, Karen (2007),
1453:The Hundred Years War
1318:Châteaux of the Loire
664:
656:Richard the Lionheart
629:
594:Louis Philippe I
587:
546:On 6 March 1429
417:
306:
259:, to the daughter of
201:
128:
46:
1748:47.16806°N 0.23611°E
1726:, added January 2019
1371:, Harper & Row,
1316:Dunlop, Ian (1969),
1200:Bachrach, Bernard S.
379:Château de Montrésor
30:For other uses, see
1744: /
640:William of Newburgh
603:monument historique
465:Geoffrey de Charney
461:Knights Hospitaller
348:Henry II of England
180:Château de Langeais
106:monument historique
87:Philip II of France
76:Henry II of England
2003:
667:
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571:Cardinal Richelieu
567:Henry IV of France
472:Hundred Years' War
420:
313:
210:, on the death of
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2008:
2007:
1924:Plessis-lez-Tours
1753:47.16806; 0.23611
1674:978-0-86565-036-7
1667:, Vendome Press,
1650:(Subscription or
1625:978-3-03910-583-0
1603:978-0-520-03494-5
1583:978-0-520-02282-9
1560:978-0-521-37544-3
1542:978-0-313-32525-0
1529:Stokstad, Marilyn
1521:978-1-56414-926-8
1503:978-0-7190-5740-3
1482:978-3-89508-598-7
1462:978-0-415-26131-9
1417:978-0-8240-4444-2
1378:978-0-690-01942-1
1357:978-0-19-976839-4
1339:978-0-7486-2047-0
1309:978-0-500-30052-7
1273:978-0-86565-134-0
1266:, Vendome Press,
1255:978-1-85285-528-4
1234:978-0-521-45727-9
1213:978-0-520-07996-0
508:Dauphin of France
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208:Robert of Torigni
52:Château de Chinon
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492:Treaty of Troyes
443:Jacques de Molay
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1683:Further reading
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178:to capture the
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72:counts of Anjou
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456:Vox in excelso
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91:Philip IV
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1455:, Routledge,
1454:
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1437:
1435:0-918400-08-2
1431:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1413:
1410:, Routledge,
1409:
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1401:
1399:0-300-09404-3
1395:
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1374:
1370:
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1365:Gies, Frances
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1248:, Continuum,
1247:
1243:
1242:Bradbury, Jim
1239:
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1146:
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1137:
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1121:on 2012-07-11
1120:
1116:
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844:
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835:
832:
826:
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817:
814:
808:
805:
795:on 2012-07-05
794:
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767:
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649:
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637:
628:
621:
619:
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612:logis royales
609:
605:
604:
599:
595:
586:
582:
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576:
572:
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564:
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557:
553:
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509:
505:
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500:Henry VI
497:
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305:
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298:Châtellerault
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174:marched into
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136:
132:
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33:
19:
1863:
1729:
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1613:
1592:
1572:
1550:
1532:
1511:
1493:
1475:, Könemann,
1471:
1452:
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1425:
1407:
1389:
1368:
1347:
1329:
1317:
1300:New Horizons
1294:
1281:
1263:
1245:
1224:
1203:
1192:Bibliography
1191:
1190:
1181:
1172:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1123:, retrieved
1119:the original
1113:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1005:
996:
975:
966:
957:
948:
939:
930:
921:
900:
891:
882:
873:
864:
843:
834:
825:
816:
807:
797:, retrieved
793:the original
787:
769:
760:
751:
742:
734:
733:
696:curtain wall
668:
645:
633:
611:
601:
591:
560:
545:
488:Henry V
469:
454:
421:
356:
314:
254:
220:W. L. Warren
205:
157:
140:
104:
98:
84:
51:
50:
40:
36:Chinon (AOC)
1751: /
1326:Flori, Jean
970:West (2004)
654:, built by
622:Description
548:Joan of Arc
512:Burgundians
410:French rule
155:Gallo-Roman
2015:Categories
1989:Villesavin
1914:Montsoreau
1904:Montpoupon
1854:Châteaudun
1849:Chenonceau
1819:Beauregard
1736:47°10′05″N
1654:required.)
1320:, Hamilton
1125:2012-02-20
799:2012-02-20
730:References
692:Lillebonne
404:Lillebonne
375:demolition
240:castellans
224:Montsoreau
137:Background
74:. In 1156
1984:Villandry
1909:Montrésor
1739:0°14′10″E
1593:King John
1492:(1999) ,
1390:Richard I
1388:(2002) ,
672:St George
563:Huguenots
428:crusading
318:Philip II
285:Aquitaine
245:civil war
186:captured
1979:Valençay
1969:Troussay
1934:Le Rivau
1874:Langeais
1859:Cheverny
1844:Chaumont
1839:Chambord
1573:Henry II
1570:(1973),
1531:(2005),
1367:(1981),
1292:(1995),
1244:(2007),
1223:(1993),
1202:(1993),
713:See also
579:Vendeans
556:Poitiers
367:Isabelle
363:Brittany
326:Toulouse
294:Geoffrey
281:Normandy
265:Provence
232:Mirebeau
216:Geoffrey
176:Touraine
1949:Serrant
1834:Brissac
1804:Amboise
680:Falaise
676:Dourdan
606:by the
476:England
392:Falaise
388:Dourdan
383:sallied
290:Richard
277:Limoges
249:annuity
159:castrum
151:Limoges
121:History
109:by the
56:château
1939:Saumur
1889:Menars
1879:Loches
1869:Gizeux
1864:Chinon
1809:Angers
1700:
1671:
1648:
1622:
1600:
1580:
1557:
1539:
1518:
1500:
1479:
1459:
1432:
1414:
1396:
1375:
1354:
1336:
1306:
1270:
1252:
1231:
1210:
690:, and
684:Gisors
636:Vienne
506:, the
480:France
453:, the
402:, and
396:Gisors
230:, and
228:Loudun
147:Poitou
131:Vienne
64:Chinon
60:Vienne
32:Chinon
1964:Tours
1959:Talcy
1954:Sully
1929:Réaux
1824:Blois
735:Notes
322:Maine
269:Henry
236:Henry
143:Loire
54:is a
1974:Ussé
1884:Lude
1698:ISBN
1669:ISBN
1620:ISBN
1598:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1555:ISBN
1537:ISBN
1516:ISBN
1498:ISBN
1477:ISBN
1457:ISBN
1430:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1394:ISBN
1373:ISBN
1352:ISBN
1334:ISBN
1304:ISBN
1268:ISBN
1250:ISBN
1229:ISBN
1208:ISBN
688:Laon
648:moat
478:and
470:The
451:bull
400:Laon
350:died
324:and
309:keep
292:and
257:John
34:and
1640:doi
1298:, '
62:in
2017::
1133:^
1068:^
984:^
909:^
852:^
778:^
686:,
682:,
678:,
569:.
406:.
398:,
394:,
390:,
226:,
1785:e
1778:t
1771:v
1646:.
1642::
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
