1241:
31:
114:
An annexation reducing the relative political strength of the minority race in the enlarged city as compared with what it was before the annexation does not violate 5 of the Act as long as the postannexation system fairly recognizes, as it does in this case; the minority's political
1186:
1306:
1103:
1087:
620:
301:
240:
72:
1023:
663:
1047:
588:
387:
1210:
1039:
1326:
1301:
267:
Daly, Mary C. (1991). "Rebuilding the City of
Richmond: Congress's Power to Authorize the States to Implement Race-Conscious Affirmative Action Plans".
863:
1311:
1321:
1282:
831:
1316:
1248:
1079:
1063:
871:
35:
460:
1122:
380:
768:
556:
524:
783:
991:
959:
508:
604:
373:
807:
1275:
1202:
823:
269:
1240:
975:
951:
492:
484:
919:
775:
348:
1031:
911:
887:
712:
500:
146:
476:
365:
312:
752:
720:
687:
305:
64:
967:
736:
1138:
855:
791:
728:
580:
548:
468:
1268:
1154:
1130:
879:
847:
839:
540:
516:
228:
903:
1015:
1007:
999:
639:
596:
564:
532:
436:
330:
174:
744:
1194:
655:
572:
412:
224:
138:
1095:
983:
927:
693:
679:
647:
612:
278:
253:
182:
162:
1252:
1170:
1055:
799:
671:
444:
321:
130:
1218:
1162:
1071:
815:
428:
1178:
339:
170:
150:
1295:
1146:
452:
420:
397:
943:
935:
895:
246:
67:
158:
282:
79:
1187:
Arizona State
Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission
357:
97:
101:
212:
Powell took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.
369:
30:
1104:
Alexander v. South
Carolina State Conference of the NAACP
864:
Houston
Lawyers' Association v. Attorney General of Texas
1256:
1088:
Wisconsin
Legislature v. Wisconsin Elections Commission
621:
1307:
United States
Supreme Court cases of the Burger Court
241:
List of United States
Supreme Court cases, volume 422
199:
White, joined by Burger, Stewart, Blackmun, Rehnquist
832:
Mississippi
Republican Executive Committee v. Brooks
1114:
704:
631:
404:
203:
195:
190:
119:
108:
92:
87:
59:
49:
42:
23:
1024:League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry
664:League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry
1048:Bethune-Hill v. Virginia State Bd. of Elections
589:Board of Estimate of City of New York v. Morris
461:Lucas v. Forty-Fourth Gen. Assembly of Colorado
1123:Chappelle v. Greater Baton Rouge Airport Dist.
223:, 422 U.S. 358 (1975), was a case that upheld
1276:
381:
8:
1211:Virginia House of Delegates v. Bethune-Hill
1040:Alabama Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama
54:City of Richmond, Virginia v. United States
1283:
1269:
388:
374:
366:
20:
769:East Carroll Parish Sch. Bd. v. Marshall
557:East Carroll Parish Sch. Bd. v. Marshall
525:Salyer Land Co. v. Tulare Water District
18:1975 United States Supreme Court case
7:
1237:
1235:
784:United Jewish Organizations v. Carey
207:Brennan, joined by Douglas, Marshall
992:Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board
960:Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board
231:of land from surrounding counties.
1255:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1249:Supreme Court of the United States
398:redistricting in the United States
36:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
1327:United States Supreme Court stubs
1302:United States Supreme Court cases
761:City of Richmond v. United States
509:Hadley v. Junior College District
308:358 (1975) is available from:
298:City of Richmond v. United States
220:City of Richmond v. United States
24:City of Richmond v. United States
1239:
29:
872:Presley v. Etowah County Comm'n
1312:1975 in United States case law
1:
1322:History of Richmond, Virginia
808:City of Rome v. United States
1247:This article related to the
1080:North Carolina v. Covington
1064:North Carolina v. Covington
824:Escambia County v. McMillan
605:Tennant v. Jefferson County
1343:
1234:
358:Oyez (oral argument audio)
1317:Legal history of Virginia
1203:Wittman v. Personhuballah
270:Boston College Law Review
211:
124:
113:
28:
976:Lopez v. Monterey County
952:Lopez v. Monterey County
632:Partisan gerrymandering
493:Kirkpatrick v. Preisler
485:Avery v. Midland County
1032:Bartlett v. Strickland
713:Gomillion v. Lightfoot
147:William J. Brennan Jr.
920:United States v. Hays
776:Beer v. United States
721:Wright v. Rockefeller
705:Racial gerrymandering
688:Rucho v. Common Cause
45:Decided June 24, 1975
43:Argued April 23, 1975
912:Johnson v. De Grandy
888:Voinovich v. Quilter
840:Thornburg v. Gingles
501:Wells v. Rockefeller
396:Case law related to
1016:Georgia v. Ashcroft
1008:Easley v. Cromartie
1000:Sinkfield v. Kelley
640:Gaffney v. Cummings
533:Gaffney v. Cummings
477:Burns v. Richardson
437:Wesberry v. Sanders
349:Library of Congress
175:Lewis F. Powell Jr.
78:95 S. Ct. 2296; 45
1195:Shapiro v. McManus
753:Whitcomb v. Chavis
656:Vieth v. Jubelirer
573:Karcher v. Daggett
413:Colegrove v. Green
225:Richmond, Virginia
139:William O. Douglas
135:Associate Justices
1264:
1263:
1229:
1228:
1096:Allen v. Milligan
984:Hunt v. Cromartie
968:Abrams v. Johnson
928:Miller v. Johnson
737:Connor v. Johnson
694:Lamone v. Benisek
680:Benisek v. Lamone
648:Davis v. Bandemer
613:Evenwel v. Abbott
254:Miller v. Johnson
216:
215:
183:William Rehnquist
163:Thurgood Marshall
1334:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1243:
1236:
1171:Lance v. Coffman
1139:Quinn v. Millsap
1056:Cooper v. Harris
856:Chisom v. Roemer
800:Mobile v. Bolden
792:Wise v. Lipscomb
729:Turner v. Fouche
672:Gill v. Whitford
581:Brown v. Thomson
549:Chapman v. Meier
469:Fortson v. Toomb
445:Reynolds v. Sims
405:Equal population
390:
383:
376:
367:
362:
356:
353:
347:
344:
338:
335:
329:
326:
320:
317:
311:
286:
131:Warren E. Burger
120:Court membership
33:
32:
21:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1219:Moore v. Harper
1163:Lance v. Dennis
1155:Branch v. Smith
1131:Upham v. Seamon
1110:
1072:Abbott v. Perez
880:Growe v. Emison
848:Clark v. Roemer
816:Rogers v. Lodge
700:
627:
541:White v. Weiser
517:Mahan v. Howell
429:Gray v. Sanders
400:
394:
360:
354:
351:
345:
342:
336:
333:
327:
324:
318:
315:
309:
293:
266:
263:
261:Further reading
237:
173:
161:
149:
83:
44:
38:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1340:
1338:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1244:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1215:
1207:
1199:
1191:
1183:
1179:Perry v. Perez
1175:
1167:
1159:
1151:
1143:
1135:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1092:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1060:
1052:
1044:
1036:
1028:
1020:
1012:
1004:
996:
988:
980:
972:
964:
956:
948:
940:
932:
924:
916:
908:
904:Holder v. Hall
900:
892:
884:
876:
868:
860:
852:
844:
836:
828:
820:
812:
804:
796:
788:
780:
772:
765:
757:
749:
741:
733:
725:
717:
708:
706:
702:
701:
699:
698:
684:
676:
668:
660:
652:
644:
635:
633:
629:
628:
626:
625:
617:
609:
601:
593:
585:
577:
569:
561:
553:
545:
537:
529:
521:
513:
505:
497:
489:
481:
473:
465:
457:
449:
441:
433:
425:
417:
408:
406:
402:
401:
395:
393:
392:
385:
378:
370:
364:
363:
331:Google Scholar
292:
291:External links
289:
288:
287:
262:
259:
258:
257:
250:
243:
236:
233:
214:
213:
209:
208:
205:
201:
200:
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
186:
185:
171:Harry Blackmun
151:Potter Stewart
136:
133:
128:
122:
121:
117:
116:
111:
110:
106:
105:
94:
90:
89:
85:
84:
77:
61:
57:
56:
51:
50:Full case name
47:
46:
40:
39:
34:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1339:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1274:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:Utah v. Evans
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1002:
1001:
997:
994:
993:
989:
986:
985:
981:
978:
977:
973:
970:
969:
965:
962:
961:
957:
954:
953:
949:
946:
945:
941:
938:
937:
933:
930:
929:
925:
922:
921:
917:
914:
913:
909:
906:
905:
901:
898:
897:
893:
890:
889:
885:
882:
881:
877:
874:
873:
869:
866:
865:
861:
858:
857:
853:
850:
849:
845:
842:
841:
837:
834:
833:
829:
826:
825:
821:
818:
817:
813:
810:
809:
805:
802:
801:
797:
794:
793:
789:
786:
785:
781:
778:
777:
773:
771:
770:
766:
763:
762:
758:
755:
754:
750:
747:
746:
742:
739:
738:
734:
731:
730:
726:
723:
722:
718:
715:
714:
710:
709:
707:
703:
696:
695:
690:
689:
685:
682:
681:
677:
674:
673:
669:
666:
665:
661:
658:
657:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
641:
637:
636:
634:
630:
623:
622:
618:
615:
614:
610:
607:
606:
602:
599:
598:
597:Cox v. Larios
594:
591:
590:
586:
583:
582:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
566:
565:Ball v. James
562:
559:
558:
554:
551:
550:
546:
543:
542:
538:
535:
534:
530:
527:
526:
522:
519:
518:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
502:
498:
495:
494:
490:
487:
486:
482:
479:
478:
474:
471:
470:
466:
463:
462:
458:
455:
454:
453:Davis v. Mann
450:
447:
446:
442:
439:
438:
434:
431:
430:
426:
423:
422:
421:Baker v. Carr
418:
415:
414:
410:
409:
407:
403:
399:
391:
386:
384:
379:
377:
372:
371:
368:
359:
350:
341:
332:
323:
314:
313:CourtListener
307:
303:
299:
295:
294:
290:
284:
280:
276:
272:
271:
265:
264:
260:
256:
255:
251:
249:
248:
244:
242:
239:
238:
234:
232:
230:
226:
222:
221:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:Case opinions
189:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:Chief Justice
126:
125:
123:
118:
112:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
81:
75:
74:
69:
66:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
41:
37:
27:
22:
16:
1257:expanding it
1246:
1231:
1217:
1209:
1201:
1193:
1185:
1177:
1169:
1161:
1153:
1145:
1137:
1129:
1121:
1102:
1094:
1086:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1054:
1046:
1038:
1030:
1022:
1014:
1006:
998:
990:
982:
974:
966:
958:
950:
944:Bush v. Vera
942:
936:Shaw v. Hunt
934:
926:
918:
910:
902:
896:Shaw v. Reno
894:
886:
878:
870:
862:
854:
846:
838:
830:
822:
814:
806:
798:
790:
782:
774:
767:
760:
759:
751:
745:Ely v. Klahr
743:
735:
727:
719:
711:
692:
686:
678:
670:
662:
654:
646:
638:
619:
611:
603:
595:
587:
579:
571:
563:
555:
547:
539:
531:
523:
515:
507:
499:
491:
483:
475:
467:
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
419:
411:
297:
274:
268:
252:
247:Shaw v. Reno
245:
219:
218:
217:
178:
166:
154:
142:
88:Case history
71:
53:
15:
159:Byron White
1296:Categories
277:(5): 903.
229:annexation
115:potential.
283:0161-6587
80:L. Ed. 2d
60:Citations
296:Text of
235:See also
196:Majority
98:F. Supp.
322:Findlaw
204:Dissent
109:Holding
1222:(2023)
1214:(2019)
1206:(2016)
1198:(2015)
1190:(2015)
1182:(2012)
1174:(2007)
1166:(2006)
1158:(2003)
1150:(2002)
1142:(1989)
1134:(1982)
1126:(1977)
1107:(2024)
1099:(2023)
1091:(2022)
1083:(2018)
1075:(2018)
1067:(2017)
1059:(2017)
1051:(2017)
1043:(2015)
1035:(2009)
1027:(2006)
1019:(2003)
1011:(2001)
1003:(2000)
995:(2000)
987:(1999)
979:(1999)
971:(1997)
963:(1997)
955:(1996)
947:(1996)
939:(1996)
931:(1995)
923:(1995)
915:(1994)
907:(1994)
899:(1993)
891:(1993)
883:(1993)
875:(1992)
867:(1991)
859:(1991)
851:(1991)
843:(1986)
835:(1984)
827:(1984)
819:(1982)
811:(1980)
803:(1980)
795:(1978)
787:(1977)
779:(1976)
764:(1975)
756:(1971)
748:(1971)
740:(1971)
732:(1970)
724:(1964)
716:(1960)
697:(2019)
683:(2018)
675:(2018)
667:(2006)
659:(2004)
651:(1986)
643:(1973)
624:(2016)
616:(2016)
608:(2012)
600:(2004)
592:(1989)
584:(1983)
576:(1983)
568:(1981)
560:(1976)
552:(1975)
544:(1973)
536:(1973)
528:(1973)
520:(1973)
512:(1970)
504:(1969)
496:(1969)
488:(1968)
480:(1966)
472:(1965)
464:(1964)
456:(1964)
448:(1964)
440:(1964)
432:(1963)
424:(1962)
416:(1946)
361:
355:
352:
346:
343:
340:Justia
337:
334:
328:
325:
319:
316:
310:
281:
181:
179:·
177:
169:
167:·
165:
157:
155:·
153:
145:
143:·
141:
102:D.D.C.
100:1344 (
1251:is a
1115:Other
304:
104:1974)
93:Prior
1253:stub
306:U.S.
279:ISSN
96:376
73:more
65:U.S.
63:422
302:422
227:'s
82:245
68:358
1298::
691:/
300:,
275:33
273:.
1284:e
1277:t
1270:v
1259:.
389:e
382:t
375:v
285:.
76:)
70:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.