57:
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3136:
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2382:. Most probably the real king in power was the older one (father) adopting the younger ruler (son), while the co-regent had to wait until after the death of the older one to really have access to full royal power. Yet, the years of reigns normally were counted from the beginning of the coregency on. Due to this and to the fragmentary character of known sources, the establishment of
2301:
3221:'s family. Because neither Tsar was of age to rule, Sofia subsequently claimed regency until she was removed from power by Peter in 1689. Ivan V and Peter I's joint reign continued, however, with Ivan maintaining formal seniority despite having little participation in the affairs of the state until his death in 1696, at which point Peter became the sole ruler.
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until she was overthrown in 1908, it was more interesting during her time that Ci'an particularly specialized in handling the affairs of the
Imperial family and left Ci'xi to dominate the political scene much as contemporary history suggests that Ci'an was more willing to keep Ci'xi as her ally than
2688:
Co-regency was common amongst the
Chinese ethnics both formally or informally dating far back to the Han dynasty to the Late Qing dynasty, if it happened to be so that a new Emperor ascended the throne and was mature but not well adept with politics, it was a national concern for stability in which
2365:
was seen as the incarnation/representation of the god Horus. Therefore, according to the divine order Ma'at, only one King could exist at the same time. Yet, exceptions can be found, mainly in the Middle
Kingdom, where the pharaoh occasionally appointed his successor (often one of his sons) as
2366:
coregent, or joint king, to ensure a smooth succession. “This system was used, from at least as early as the Middle
Kingdom, in order to ensure that the transfer of power took place with the minimum of disruption and instability”. Coregencies are highly probable for
3596:
2700:
The requirements for the position of co-regent depended on the power of an individual along with their ability to command the
Confidence of the Parliament and it could be an official in the Imperial Court, a close and trustworthy
2233:; according to one scholar, they "can usually be explained as a means of avoiding crises of succession or internal conflict, and of strengthening dynastic identity and ideology." Other examples include the coregency of
3208:
were both crowned autocrats of Russia. This compromise was necessary because Ivan was unfit to rule due to physical and mental disabilities, while Peter's exclusive rule was opposed by Feodor and Ivan's older sister
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as designated heir and junior co-emperor, in many cases adopting them as their son, who did not necessarily have to be biologically related to them. This was merely a tradition and not a formal office until the
2777:
to make her an enemy given the fact that Ci'xi welded more political power than she ever did she in turn eliminated any form of competition for supremacy with the latter even if she was Senior to her.
542:
2393:, ruling in the name of the underage king. Some of the female vice-regents of Egypt rose to a status of equal to the God-Kings, becoming co-rulers as can be seen in the famous case of
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as his co-king. As such, when Hugh died it did not trigger an election for a new king, nor did Robert necessarily "inherit" the crown, but simply continued his kingship. Subsequent
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2139:
2961:(Supreme Duke), but he has not once used the title to take any action, and in general the powers invested in the title were not clearly stated in any documents, besides the
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where the monarch in most cases infant or incapacitated particularly has a senior above him and exercises no power whatsoever apart from legally holding the position of
3373:
in favor of his chosen heir. This abdication, however, is only in name, as the abdicated king continued to rule while his successor sat on the throne as a learner.
2965:, which guaranteed that Jogaila would have to approve the selection of a Lithuanian Grand Duke. The title was not used by any other king of Poland after Jogaila.
2637:
to denote his status as his father's chosen heir. Young Henry predeceased his father without ever ascending to the throne and is not included in the official
2427:. For later periods of Pharaonic Egyptian history, the existence of the institution of coregency has been put into question by Egyptologists, while, "the
2389:
The institution of coregency is different from that of vice-regency, where an adult person (in
Ancient Egypt often the mother of the king) functions as
1356:
1570:
2132:
1183:
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3559:
Taterka, Filip. "The Co-Regency of
Thutmose III and Amenhotep II Revisited." The Journal of Ancient Egyptian Archaeology 105.1 (2019): 43-57.
776:
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was quite complicated and remains disputed up to date. Yet, understanding the existence of co-regency reduced the chaos quite a lot.
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2717:. The absence of all these specific personalities could rarely pave way for the monarch's wife if she seemed more competent.
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The most outstanding co-regencies were those of
Empress Wu Zetian during the Tang dynasty in the reign of her husband that
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The
Lithuanian Grand Dukes typically selected submonarchs from their families or loyal subjects to assist controlling the
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relative or the most appropriate being the Most Senior Member of the
Imperial family in the Palace which was either the
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and who himself had several other co-emperors, and the practice was common in the centuries to come up through the
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This article is about multiple sovereigns of a single state. For a single sovereign shared by multiple states, see
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from 1224 until her death in 1233 even if she soon surpassed his own influence and ruled ultimately like an
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or empress), normally held by only a single person, is held by two or more. It is to be distinguished from
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clan served as Co-regents from 1861 until Ci'an's death in 1881 where Ci'xi became sole regent for the
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held joint sovereignty over the kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1688 to 1694.
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proposed co-regency as a possible explanation for discrepancies in the dates given in the
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was not permitted to exercise royal authority and his title as co-king was effectively a
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kings would also name their eldest son or brother as co-ruler, until the tradition of
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2529:. At least one co-regency is explicitly documented in the Bible: the coronation of
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1950:
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as their new king. Upon his ascension Hugh secured the election of his only son
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2019:
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Situation in a single-person monarchy in which two or more people hold the title
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1038:
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became the de facto ruler, Empress Dowager Yang served as co-regent of the
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3437:"Coregency in the Reign of Ptolemy II: Findings from the Mendes Stela"
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installed his eldest surviving son, also named Henry, as junior king.
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2329:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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became Grand Duke, where nominally Vytautas ruled together with
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THE MONGOL NAVY: KUBLAI KHAN’S INVASIONS IN ĐẠI VIỆT AND CHAMPA
2945:
A slightly different system developed for a brief period after
3238:
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3007:
2832:
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2442:
2294:
2660:. Philip notionally reigned as king of England (inclusive of
2287:, the husbands of queens regnant were styled as co-rulers.
2213:
is a distinct but related system employed in contemporary
2318:
3597:"Capetian Dynasty and the End of Civil Wars in France"
2435:
period examples being the most securely identified".
2405:, her nephew and stepson. Then, latest in year 7 of
3418:"The constitution of the Principality of Andorra"
2955:
3111:named co-emperor shortly before his own death,
2760:even if she was never actually one. During the
3497:The British Museum Dictionary of Ancient Egypt
2903:. However, the Grand Dukes remained superior.
2813:was sufficiently established to transform the
2648:experienced joint rule under the terms of the
2133:
1313:
8:
2668:from 1554 to 1558. Similarly, following the
3273:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3164:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3042:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2867:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2593:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2477:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2511:The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings
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36:
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3293:Learn how and when to remove this message
3184:Learn how and when to remove this message
3062:Learn how and when to remove this message
2986:(Supreme Duke) for a brief period, until
2887:Learn how and when to remove this message
2764:the Empress Dowagers Ci'an of the Manchu
2613:Learn how and when to remove this message
2497:Learn how and when to remove this message
2361:, coregency was quite problematic as the
2345:Learn how and when to remove this message
1357:List of countries by system of government
3576:. Encyclopedia Britannica. July 16, 2022
3115:was also named co-emperor by his father
2533:occurred before the death of his father
3595:Daileader, Philip (November 13, 2020).
3409:
3309:has had several periods of joint rule:
2009:
1970:
1894:
1865:
1788:
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1667:
1599:
1552:
1509:
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1371:
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3365:Coregency is a special feature of the
2217:, where monarchical power is formally
751:Proclamation of the Republic in Brazil
2999:(Supreme Duke) until Jogaila's death.
2417:King of Egypt under the Throne name (
7:
3528:Hatchepsut : the female pharaoh
3490:
3488:
3271:adding citations to reliable sources
3162:adding citations to reliable sources
3040:adding citations to reliable sources
2865:adding citations to reliable sources
2768:clan along with Ci'xi of the Manchu
2732:, her adopted son in 1100 while the
2591:adding citations to reliable sources
2475:adding citations to reliable sources
3514:. Artemis. pp. 52–54, 264–267.
3499:. British Museum Press. p. 81.
3495:Shaw, Ian; Nicholson, Paul (2008).
3441:The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
683:Establishment of the Dutch monarchy
2988:Švitrigaila declared war on Poland
2919:(superior) and an unknown duke of
2689:the monarch was the head of state
2401:, Hatshepsut ruled in the name of
25:
2397:. After the death of her husband
3243:
3134:
3012:
2837:
2785:Following the extinction of the
2563:
2547:Government of the United Kingdom
2447:
2299:
2109:
1289:
652:Foundation of the Ottoman Empire
55:
3531:. London: Penguin. p. 99.
3383:Condominium (international law)
2521:for the reigns of the kings of
2229:Coregencies were common in the
782:Spanish transition to democracy
459:Les Six livres de la République
2748:later posthumously honored as
1818:Intergovernmental organisation
1773:Separation of church and state
499:Democracy: The God That Failed
1:
2923:, presumably Gediminas's son.
2744:in the year 1189 even if his
2724:even if it was informal, the
777:Birth of the Italian Republic
3525:Tyldesley, Joyce A. (1998).
3196:Following the death of Tsar
2693:whereas a co-regent was its
2650:act sanctioning the marriage
1615:(socio-political ideologies)
2957:aukščiausiasis kunigaikštis
2325:the claims made and adding
1683:(socio-economic ideologies)
1353:List of forms of government
736:Austro-Hungarian Compromise
662:Birth of the Dutch Republic
3662:
3570:"Robert II king of France"
3510:Schneider, Thomas (1994).
3435:Skuse, Matthew L. (2017).
3228:
2544:
2251:Kings in Kingdoms such as
2219:divided between two rulers
2203:
772:Siamese revolution of 1932
29:
3646:Collective heads of state
3369:, in which a senior king
3074:It was common during the
2728:became co-regent for the
2156:is the situation where a
1804:(geo-cultural ideologies)
746:5 October 1910 Revolution
642:Birth of the Roman Empire
3454:10.1177/0307513317722457
3235:List of Swedish monarchs
2993:Sigismund I of Lithuania
2953:, who took the title of
2736:became co-regent of the
2734:Grand Empress Dowager Wu
2639:list of English monarchs
2555:List of English monarchs
2551:List of British monarchs
2409:'s reign, she took over
2178:diarchies or duumvirates
489:Considerations on France
2730:Emperor Huizong of Song
2067:Administrative division
2011:International relations
1105:Emperor system of Japan
2956:
2235:Frederick I of Austria
980:Enlightened absolutism
3512:Lexikon der Pharaonen
3200:in 1682, his brother
2811:agnatic primogeniture
2726:Empress Dowager Xiang
2711:Grand Empress Dowager
2265:Isabella I of Castile
2206:Co-Princes of Andorra
2077:Democratic transition
1940:Self-governing colony
1537:Military dictatorship
85:Divine right of kings
3422:www.andorramania.com
3267:improve this section
3198:Feodor III of Russia
3158:improve this section
3036:improve this section
2861:improve this section
2746:Empress Li Fengniang
2666:by right of his wife
2631:Henry the Young King
2587:improve this section
2471:improve this section
723:Unification of Italy
712:Second French Empire
3343:Halsten Stenkilsson
3335:Eric the Victorious
3327:Eric the Victorious
2787:Carolingian dynasty
2670:Glorious Revolution
2646:Monarchy of England
2627:Henry II of England
2384:Egyptian chronology
2281:Maria I of Portugal
2259:can also be found (
2225:Historical examples
2116:Politics portal
2001:Supranational union
1910:Dependent territory
1823:National government
1296:Politics portal
696:First French Empire
670:Glorious Revolution
3231:Monarchy of Sweden
3103:, as well as when
2658:Philip II of Spain
2310:possibly contains
2243:Kingdom of Germany
2239:Louis the Bavarian
2231:Hellenistic period
2160:position (such as
1135:List of monarchies
936:Related ideologies
803:Nepalese Civil War
790:Iranian Revolution
764:Russian Revolution
759:Chinese Revolution
741:German unification
3303:
3302:
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3215:Streltsy uprising
3211:Sofia Alekseyevna
3204:and half-brother
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2995:(Grand Duke) and
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2738:Emperor Guangzong
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1659:Semi-presidential
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728:Meiji Restoration
675:French Revolution
657:Tsarist autocracy
618:Popescu-Tăriceanu
117:Abdication system
95:Royal prerogative
90:Mandate of Heaven
16:(Redirected from
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2758:Empress Regnant
2722:Gaozong Emperor
2715:Empress Dowager
2686:
2619:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2584:
2568:
2557:
2545:Main articles:
2543:
2515:Edwin R. Thiele
2503:
2492:
2486:
2483:
2468:
2452:
2441:
2351:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2316:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2227:
2211:Co-principality
2208:
2202:
2146:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2089:Democratisation
2082:Autocratization
2058:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2005:
1966:
1945:Tributary state
1935:Satellite state
1890:
1860:
1859:Power structure
1852:
1851:
1803:
1802:
1784:
1755:
1741:
1732:Totalitarianism
1682:
1681:
1663:
1614:
1613:
1594:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1556:
1548:
1513:
1505:
1436:
1428:
1375:
1366:
1365:Source of power
1343:Basic forms of
1337:Politics series
1326:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1055:
1047:
1046:
1045:
937:
929:
928:
927:
846:
838:
837:
836:
816:
808:
807:
799:
795:Modern Cambodia
768:
732:
716:
700:
691:Trienio Liberal
679:
637:
629:
628:
627:
517:
509:
508:
507:
502:
492:
482:
472:
462:
452:
442:
280:
272:
271:
270:
246:Self-proclaimed
111:
103:
102:
99:
67:
42:Politics series
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3659:
3657:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3626:
3614:
3601:Wondrium Daily
3587:
3561:
3552:
3537:
3517:
3502:
3484:
3427:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3398:Personal union
3395:
3390:
3385:
3378:
3375:
3362:
3359:
3331:Olof Björnsson
3319:Björn at Hauge
3311:Erik and Alrik
3301:
3300:
3251:
3249:
3242:
3226:
3223:
3192:
3191:
3142:
3140:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3113:Constantine IV
3070:
3069:
3020:
3018:
3011:
3005:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2990:
2977:
2976:(Supreme Duke)
2943:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2914:
2895:
2894:
2845:
2843:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2815:King of France
2793:, the Western
2782:
2779:
2774:Guanxu Emperor
2754:Emperor Lizong
2685:
2682:
2664:) and Ireland
2621:
2620:
2571:
2569:
2562:
2542:
2539:
2505:
2504:
2455:
2453:
2446:
2440:
2439:Ancient Israel
2437:
2391:Legal guardian
2353:
2352:
2307:
2305:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2226:
2223:
2204:Main article:
2201:
2198:
2182:ancient Sparta
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2094:Hybrid regimes
2091:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2074:
2069:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2025:Regional power
2022:
2014:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1975:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1930:Puppet monarch
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1899:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1870:
1869:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1807:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1765:
1763:State religion
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1634:Constitutional
1631:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1595:
1593:Power ideology
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1560:
1559:
1557:(rule by none)
1550:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1529:
1521:
1520:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1440:
1439:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1409:Representative
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1348:
1347:
1340:
1339:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:Related topics
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1007:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
971:
970:
968:Traditionalist
965:
955:
950:
945:
939:
938:
935:
934:
931:
930:
926:
925:
920:
919:
918:
913:
908:
898:
897:
896:
891:
890:
889:
884:
879:
869:
864:
862:Great Officers
859:
848:
847:
845:Administration
844:
843:
840:
839:
835:
834:
829:
824:
818:
817:
814:
813:
810:
809:
806:
805:
800:
798:
797:
792:
786:
784:
779:
774:
769:
767:
766:
761:
755:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
731:
730:
725:
719:
717:
715:
714:
709:
703:
701:
699:
698:
693:
687:
685:
680:
678:
677:
672:
666:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
638:
635:
634:
631:
630:
626:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
519:
518:
515:
514:
511:
510:
506:
505:
495:
485:
475:
465:
455:
445:
429:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
351:Crétineau-Joly
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
282:
281:
278:
277:
274:
273:
269:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
242:
241:
231:
226:
221:
216:
214:Personal union
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
169:Dynastic union
166:
165:
164:
154:
149:
144:
139:
137:Constitutional
134:
129:
124:
119:
113:
112:
109:
108:
105:
104:
101:
100:
98:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
71:
68:
65:
64:
61:
60:
52:
51:
45:
44:
32:Personal union
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3658:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3623:
3618:
3615:
3602:
3598:
3591:
3588:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3556:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3538:0-14-024464-6
3534:
3530:
3529:
3521:
3518:
3513:
3506:
3503:
3498:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3447:(1): 89–101.
3446:
3442:
3438:
3431:
3428:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3323:Anund Uppsale
3320:
3316:
3315:Yngvi and Alf
3312:
3308:
3297:
3294:
3286:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3252:This section
3250:
3246:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3188:
3185:
3177:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3143:This section
3141:
3137:
3132:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3121:Palaiologans.
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3080:Roman emperor
3077:
3066:
3063:
3055:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3021:This section
3019:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2958:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2891:
2888:
2880:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2846:This section
2844:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2742:Southern Song
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2617:
2614:
2606:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2572:This section
2570:
2566:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2501:
2498:
2490:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2456:This section
2454:
2450:
2445:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2413:and was then
2412:
2411:royal regalia
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2359:Ancient Egypt
2349:
2346:
2338:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2308:This section
2306:
2297:
2296:
2291:Ancient Egypt
2290:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2194:head of state
2191:
2188:along with a
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2106:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2053:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1981:Confederation
1979:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1876:Unitary state
1874:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1855:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1779:
1778:State atheism
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1768:Secular state
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1672:Authoritarian
1670:
1669:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1649:Parliamentary
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1590:
1589:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1437:(rule by few)
1435:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1223:Regnal number
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1150:Non-sovereign
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1051:
1050:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
969:
966:
964:
963:Authoritarian
961:
960:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
940:
933:
932:
924:
921:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
906:Crown Council
904:
903:
902:
901:Privy council
899:
895:
892:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
854:
853:
850:
849:
842:
841:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
819:
812:
811:
804:
801:
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336:Chateaubriand
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3605:. Retrieved
3600:
3590:
3578:. Retrieved
3573:
3564:
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3527:
3520:
3511:
3505:
3496:
3444:
3440:
3430:
3421:
3412:
3367:Trần dynasty
3364:
3304:
3289:
3280:
3265:Please help
3253:
3213:, who led a
3195:
3180:
3171:
3156:Please help
3144:
3089:
3083:
3073:
3058:
3049:
3034:Please help
3022:
3004:Roman Empire
2954:
2944:
2898:
2883:
2874:
2859:Please help
2847:
2791:West Francia
2784:
2762:Qing dynasty
2719:
2699:
2687:
2643:
2624:
2609:
2600:
2585:Please help
2573:
2531:King Solomon
2519:Hebrew Bible
2510:
2509:In the book
2508:
2493:
2484:
2469:Please help
2457:
2418:
2407:Thutmose III
2403:Thutmose III
2388:
2376:Amenemhat II
2356:
2341:
2332:
2309:
2283:, etc.). In
2246:
2228:
2210:
2209:
2153:
2151:
2030:Middle power
1957:Vassal state
1951:Buffer state
1949:
1925:Puppet state
1920:Protectorate
1896:Client state
1886:Principality
1712:Distributism
1654:Presidential
1532:Dictatorship
1456:Gerontocracy
1378:rule by many
1351:
1335:Part of the
1098:Illegitimate
1093:Family trees
958:Conservatism
923:Royal assent
707:Liberal Wars
497:
487:
477:
467:
457:
447:
437:
431:
430:
285:Philosophers
284:
283:
238:
224:Principality
40:Part of the
3393:Jure uxoris
3117:Constans II
3088:to appoint
2980:Švitrigaila
2901:Grand Duchy
2678:William III
2399:Thutmose II
2380:Senusret II
2368:Amenemhat I
2261:Ferdinand V
2248:Jure uxoris
2158:monarchical
2035:Great power
2020:Small power
1962:Viceroyalty
1833:Nationalism
1697:Colonialism
1677:Libertarian
1639:Directorial
1516:rule by one
1496:Technocracy
1491:Stratocracy
1471:Meritocracy
1461:Kleptocracy
1451:Aristocracy
1253:Interregnum
1218:Regnal list
1123:presumptive
948:Bonapartism
894:Royal guard
857:Appointment
822:Aristocracy
647:Magna Carta
613:Zhirinovsky
516:Politicians
443:(1265-1266)
371:Kierkegaard
3635:Categories
3574:Britannica
3404:References
3219:his mother
3076:Principate
2823:hereditary
2799:Hugh Capet
2395:Hatshepsut
2372:Senusret I
2335:April 2016
2319:improve it
2040:Superpower
1996:Superstate
1991:Federation
1986:Devolution
1972:Federalism
1813:City-state
1486:Plutocracy
1481:Particracy
1345:government
1238:Succession
1110:Figurehead
1061:Coronation
1010:Luxembourg
990:Legitimism
985:Jacobitism
548:Metternich
479:Patriarcha
376:Dostoevsky
306:Bellarmine
279:Philosophy
229:Real union
194:Hereditary
80:Monarchism
3479:191525385
3463:0307-5133
3371:abdicated
3283:July 2022
3254:does not
3174:July 2022
3145:does not
3109:Justinian
3097:Tetrarchy
3052:July 2023
3023:does not
2917:Gediminas
2912:Gediminas
2877:July 2022
2848:does not
2829:Lithuania
2603:July 2022
2574:does not
2487:July 2022
2458:does not
2429:Ptolemaic
2323:verifying
2277:Peter III
2241:over the
2172:, queen,
2154:coregency
1867:Unitarism
1843:Globalism
1749:Religious
1737:Tribalism
1727:Socialism
1722:Feudalism
1707:Despotism
1702:Communism
1692:Anarchism
1629:Communist
1576:Stateless
1566:Anarchism
1527:Despotism
1511:Autocracy
1501:Theocracy
1466:Kritarchy
1434:Oligarchy
1419:Socialist
1373:Democracy
1258:Rebellion
1243:Anti-king
1228:Sovereign
1179:Pretender
1130:Kingmaker
1066:Criticism
1017:Orléanism
995:Miguelism
975:Despotism
943:Alfonsism
887:Favourite
877:Camarilla
867:Household
832:Oligarchy
827:Autocracy
603:Churchill
469:Leviathan
449:Monarchia
391:Bainville
266:Universal
239:Coregency
209:Pentarchy
132:Composite
3641:Monarchy
3607:July 21,
3580:July 21,
3547:39109151
3471:26948553
3377:See also
3105:Justin I
3085:Augustus
2970:Vytautas
2947:Vytautas
2940:Kęstutis
2931:Kęstutis
2927:Algirdas
2817:from an
2807:Capetian
2795:Frankish
2770:Yehenara
2707:maternal
2703:paternal
2695:de facto
2635:sinecure
2425:Maatkare
2420:prenomen
2269:Philip I
2257:Portugal
2180:such as
2166:princess
1915:Dominion
1644:Legalist
1624:Absolute
1609:Republic
1604:Monarchy
1476:Noocracy
1446:Anocracy
1399:Economic
1389:Demarchy
1213:Regicide
1157:Nobility
1118:apparent
1022:Royalism
1000:Orangism
882:Courtier
608:Renouvin
583:Bismarck
578:Castillo
568:Disraeli
558:Polignac
538:Consalvi
439:De Regno
411:Bogdanor
261:Triarchy
256:Tetrarch
251:Signoria
184:Ethnarch
174:Elective
122:Absolute
49:Monarchy
18:Co-ruler
3388:Diarchy
3361:Vietnam
3355:Inge II
3275:removed
3260:sources
3166:removed
3151:sources
3044:removed
3029:sources
2997:Jogaila
2984:Jogaila
2974:Jogaila
2951:Jogaila
2936:Jogaila
2908:Vytenis
2869:removed
2854:sources
2766:Niohuru
2713:or the
2697:ruler.
2691:de jure
2674:Mary II
2595:removed
2580:sources
2541:Britain
2479:removed
2464:sources
2363:Pharaoh
2317:Please
2285:Navarre
2215:Andorra
2200:Andorra
2190:regency
2174:emperor
2057:Related
1752:Secular
1717:Fascism
1554:Anarchy
1544:Tyranny
1404:Liberal
1270:Usurper
1162:Peerage
1140:Current
1088:Descent
1071:Dynasty
1034:Toryism
1005:Belgium
953:Carlism
916:Riksråd
911:Makhzen
872:Retinue
636:History
598:Metaxas
593:Maurras
563:Decazes
553:Villèle
543:Plessis
528:Pius VI
523:Mazarin
416:Scruton
386:Maurras
341:Novalis
326:Maistre
321:Bossuet
291:Aquinas
234:Regency
219:Popular
199:Khanate
189:Federal
179:Emirate
147:Diarchy
75:Monarch
3545:
3535:
3477:
3469:
3461:
3351:Philip
3349:, and
3347:Inge I
3307:Sweden
3225:Sweden
3126:Russia
3091:Caesar
3078:for a
2921:Trakai
2803:Robert
2781:France
2654:Mary I
2553:, and
2523:Israel
2415:titled
2162:prince
1881:Empire
1793:Global
1424:Others
1414:Social
1394:Direct
1248:Crisis
1201:Empire
1145:Former
1083:Family
815:Polity
573:Cortés
503:(2001)
493:(1796)
483:(1680)
473:(1651)
463:(1576)
453:(1313)
426:Yarvin
381:Youwei
366:Balmes
361:Cortés
346:Balzac
331:Bonald
316:Hobbes
311:Filmer
3475:S2CID
3467:JSTOR
3206:Peter
2825:one.
2821:to a
2684:China
2662:Wales
2625:King
2535:David
2527:Judah
2433:Roman
2378:>
2374:>
2370:>
2253:Spain
1798:Local
1233:Style
1206:Reich
1196:Realm
1167:Realm
1114:Heir
1076:Lists
1027:Ultra
852:Court
588:Mella
533:Ruffo
432:Works
421:Hoppe
401:Evola
356:Gogol
301:Bodin
296:Dante
162:Grand
157:Duchy
110:Types
3609:2022
3582:2022
3543:OCLC
3533:ISBN
3459:ISSN
3353:and
3345:and
3337:and
3329:and
3321:and
3258:any
3256:cite
3233:and
3202:Ivan
3149:any
3147:cite
3101:Zeno
3027:any
3025:cite
2852:any
2850:cite
2750:Ciyi
2644:The
2578:any
2576:cite
2525:and
2462:any
2460:cite
2431:and
2279:and
2271:and
2263:and
2255:and
2237:and
2186:Rome
2184:and
2170:king
1275:list
1191:Rank
1184:List
1039:High
396:Seca
152:Dual
3449:doi
3445:103
3269:by
3160:by
3082:or
3038:by
2863:by
2789:in
2740:of
2705:or
2656:to
2652:of
2589:by
2473:by
2357:In
2321:by
1263:War
3637::
3599:.
3572:.
3541:.
3487:^
3473:.
3465:.
3457:.
3443:.
3439:.
3420:.
3357:.
3341:,
3333:,
3325:,
3317:,
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2641:.
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2168:,
2164:,
2152:A
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