122:. The effect of preventative use is not clear. When used preventively it makes no difference on the rate of infections. It also appears to have no effect on how bad the infections are. There is tentative evidence that it may lessen the length of sickness when used preventively. Blumenthal from American Botanical Council suggested that COLD-FX "represents a new class of herb-based therapeutic products" and is a "result of intensive scientific research on a natural herb". Clinical studies involving more than 1600 patients, showed that the active ingredient in COLD-FX can help reduce and prevent common cold and flu symptoms when taken daily.,
148:
criticized for making health claims about the product that have never been tested or scientifically verified. Until
February 2007, the company advised a regimen of 18 pills over a course of 3 days in order to obtain "immediate relief" from a cold. Health Canada's review of the scientific literature confirmed that this is not a claim that it was entitled to make. The company formulated a separate product for this usage. A CV Technologies press release explained the change in the dosing regimen as a choice to take a two-tier approach application to Health Canada.
110:. According to Health Canada's Natural Health Product Directorate records, the company claims that it may "help reduce the frequency, severity and duration of cold and flu symptoms by boosting the immune system". COLD-FX is licensed by Health Canada as a Natural Health Product. The efficacy of this extract has been tested in clinical trials conducted in collaboration with researchers from Canadian universities. COLD-FX has been assessed in 6 published randomized, double-blinded and placebo controlled clinical trials and 20+ published articles
27:
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Goel DP, Geiger JD, Shan JJ, Kriellaars D, Pierce GN. Doping-control urinalysis of a ginseng extract, Cold-FX®, in athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2004;14:473-480. High KP, Case D, Hurd D, Powell B, Lesser G, Falsey AR, Siegel R, Metzner-Sadurski J, Krauss JC, Chinnasami B, Sanders G, Rousey
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McElhaney JE, Simor AE, McNeil S, Predy GN. Efficacy and safety of CVT-E002, a proprietary extract of panax quiquefolius in the prevention of respiratory infections in influenza-vaccinated community-dwelling adults: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Influenza Res
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Scientists have argued that the product has not been tested for its ability to treat a cold after an individual has been infected. No studies have yet been performed to assess the possible long term side effects of taking the pills every day during the cold and flu season. The manufacturer was
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Individuals requiring anti-coagulant therapy such as warfarin should avoid use of
American ginseng. Not recommended for individuals with impaired liver or renal function. It is not recommended in those who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Other adverse effects include: headaches, anxiety, trouble
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Other criticisms point out that these studies have been small scale, with conspicuously shallow participant pools and lopsided gender distributions. Researchers have pointed out that there aren't enough studies on the effects of any form of ginseng on the common cold to form any conclusions.
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The product has not been shown to reduce the number or severity of common colds. There is tentative evidence that it may shorten colds in people who are otherwise healthy adults when taken preventively. All studies posing "significant" results on its efficacy were funded by the manufacturer.
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McElhaney JE, Gravenstein S, Cole SK, Davidson E, O'neill D, Petitjean S, Rumble B, Shan JJ. A placebo-controlled trial of a proprietary extract of North
American ginseng (CVT-E002) to prevent acute respiratory illness in institutionalized older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc.
343:
Vohra S, Johnston BC, Laycock KL et al. Safety and tolerability of North
American ginseng extract in the treatment of pediatric upper respiratory tract infection: a phase II randomized, controlled trial of 2 dosing schedules. Pediatrics 2008;
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Predy GN, Goel V, Lovlin R, Donner A, Stitt L, Basu TK. Efficacy of an extract of North
American ginseng containing poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides for preventing upper respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ.
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In 2015 a class action lawsuit was launched that claimed that the manufacturer misled people. A B.C. Supreme Court judge refused to certify the class-action, but did not rule on the claim itself. The appeal on this case has been dismissed.
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McElhaney JE, Goel V, Toane B, Hooten J, Shan JJ. Efficacy of COLD-fX in the prevention of respiratory symptoms in community-dwelling adults: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled trial. J Altern
Complement Med.
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McElhaney J., et al. COLD-FX® Stimulates Cell
Mediated Immune Response of Peripheral Leukocytes ex-vivo to Influenza Virus in National Hockey League Players. The Open Nutraceuticals Journal, 2010; 3: 25-29
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Predy GN, Goel V, Lovlin RE et al . Immune modulating effects of daily supplementation of COLD-FX (a proprietary extract of North
American ginseng) in healthy adults. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2006;39:162-7
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S, Shaw EG. A randomized, controlled trial of panax quinquefolius extract (CVT-E002) to reduce respiratory infection in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Support Oncol. 2012;10:195-201.
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95:). It was formulated by Jacqueline Shan and originally manufactured by her company, Afexa Life Sciences (formerly called CV Technologies), which was acquired by
258:"North American (Panax quinquefolius) and Asian Ginseng (Panax ginseng) Preparations for Prevention of the Common Cold in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review"
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560:"Cold-FX users were misled about top-selling cold and flu remedy, lawsuit alleges"
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170:"From Chinese village girl to Canadian CEO: Cold-FX founder writes her story"
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There is no evidence that Cold-fx is effective in those infected with the
106:. All trials have been done by the manufacturer and there has been poor
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There is little evidence to support that Cold-fx is effective in the
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604:"B.C. Appeal Court rejects class action lawsuit aimed at Cold-FX"
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is a product derived from the roots of North
American ginseng (
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482:"Does ginseng really work? It depends on who you ask"
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586:"Cold-FX class action lawsuit tossed - Toronto Star"
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541:. CV Technologies. March 5, 2007. Archived from
322:Health Canada Natural Health Product Database.
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64:Valeant Pharmaceuticals International
48:Valeant Pharmaceuticals International
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520:. Maclean's Magazine. Archived from
518:"COLD-fX catches the sniffles again"
484:. The Ottawa Citizen. Archived from
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205:Cold-fX: Frequently Asked Questions
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168:Keung, Nicholas (16 June 2014).
398:Nahas, R; Balla, A (Jan 2011).
201:"What is COLD-fX intended for?"
131:sleeping and an upset stomach.
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608:financialpost.com May 2, 2018
516:Charlie Gillis (2007-03-26).
659:
500:"Ginseng Unproven in U.S."
480:William Lin (2007-02-16).
463:"Fighting the Common Cold"
404:Canadian Family Physician
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40:Afexa Life Sciences Inc.
383:Treat. 2011; 2011: 1-8.
97:Valeant Pharmaceuticals
306:"Product Information"
31:The logo for Cold-fx
592:. 16 November 2016.
548:on October 2, 2011.
357:2005;173:1043-1048.
274:10.1093/ecam/nep068
92:Panax quinquefolius
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503:Los Angeles Times
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410:(1): 31–6.
120:common cold
104:common cold
268:: 282151.
215:2007-11-24
156:References
643:Herbalism
135:Criticism
99:in 2011.
56:Available
53:Available
637:Category
467:ABC News
426:21322286
292:19592479
76:.cold-fx
37:Inventor
570:23 June
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283:3136130
185:17 June
180:Torstar
87:Cold-FX
69:Website
20:Cold-FX
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422:PMID
288:PMID
266:2011
187:2014
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278:PMC
270:doi
78:.ca
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