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science fair. His success was overshadowed by a case of a child murdering her family, leading him to want to commit a horrible act for attention. He approached Naoki only for the purpose of choosing a victim. After the murder and
Moriguchi’s confession, Shuya was happy to learn that he may have contracted HIV, as he felt it could reconnect him with his mother. Months later, he was unhappy to test negative. After this and the bullying incidents, Mizuki began seeing him regularly. One day, Shuya and Mizuki got into an argument, resulting in Shuya killing Mizuki. Three days before writing his will and testament, Shuya attempted to find his mother where she worked. There, he learned that she had remarried and was pregnant. Shuya decided to commit mass murder and suicide as revenge against his mother by detonating a bomb during an all-school assembly the next day. Rather than the bomb detonating, Shuya receives a phone call from Moriguchi.
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about the murder and called Naoki a failure. When Manami regained consciousness, Naoki realized that he had the chance to succeed where Shuya failed and drowned her. After
Moriguchi's confession, Naoki feared death and infecting his family with HIV. He became reclusive and fearful of Werther and Mizuki's visits, believing Werther to be in league with Moriguchi. One day, Naoki noticed his filth and took it as proof of being alive. That night, his mother cut his hair. This upset Naoki, and he decided to rid himself of evidence of his life – his filth and hair. He then caused the incident at the store, hoping to get arrested. His mother then attempted to kill him. Naoki accepted this until she mentioned her failure, after which he stabbed her, and she fell down the stairs.
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behaviors worsened, and he cut off most contact with his mother. In response to his filth, Mrs. Shitamura cut his hair while he was asleep. Soon after this, Naoki bathed, shaved his head, and went to the store by himself. Mrs. Shitamura later received a call from the manager of the store, who told her Naoki had smeared blood over many items in the store. Naoki claimed he wanted to get arrested, and revealed to her what happened on the day of
Moriguchi's confession. He also told her that Manami had opened her eyes before he dropped her into the pool. After Werther and Mizuki's final visit, Mrs. Shitamura resolved to kill herself and her son. Naoki's sister believes that Naoki will be found innocent after she gives the diary to the police.
592:, where children from the age of 14-15 can now be punished for serious crimes, shows that subjecting students in junior high to punishment for their crime reduces arrests. Although 13-year-olds are not subject to criminal punishment under the new law, the arrest rates were reduced between 7 and 20 percent. 14-year-old arrests dropped between 5 and 15 percent while 15-year-olds dropped between 6 and 10 percent. The study contributes the possibility of these changes to social interactions that unpunishable ages now have with age groups that can be subject to juvenile justice. Before, 14- to 15-year-olds could not be punished, but their recent exposure to punishment could have discouraged them from participating in crimes.
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Naoki and encourage him to come back. His mother became less accepting of
Werther and Mizuki’s visits over time. Werther found out Shuya was being bullied, and Mizuki's classmates forced her to participate, believing she snitched. Mizuki later revealed to Shuya that after the day of Moriguchi's confession, she had tested the milk cartons to find that there had not been blood in them, which Shuya had confirmed with his own blood test. He then weaponized his fake illness to end the bullying. The two then began a relationship. Shortly after Werther and Mizuki’s last visit to Naoki’s house, Naoki killed his mother.
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she gave him advice in order to make things worse for Naoki and Shuya. Upon learning about Mrs. Shitamura's death, Moriguchi felt like her revenge against Naoki was complete. In order to complete her revenge on Shuya, she began to check his website regularly for information. After hearing about Shuya's plan, Moriguchi relocated the bomb to his mother’s university. Moriguchi explains that by making Shuya kill his own mother, she has completed her revenge, and tells Shuya that he can begin his road to recovery.
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him to become a recluse. Shuya also becomes obsessed with the possibility of being sick, but he is glad for it. The infection rate through this transaction, however, is extremely low. Considering that the blood was not injected into the bloodstream directly, the transmission rate for AIDS would be considered "negligible", likely to fall under the "throwing bodily fluids" category on the CDC's site for transmission rates.
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191:"A" and "B". Through interrogations, Moriguchi finds out that A and B approached Manami after school and knocked her unconscious with a shock purse A made. Thinking she died, B attempted to cover up the murder by putting Manami's body in the pool where she drowned. Moriguchi decided not to trust the law for punishment but instead mixed
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through hitting him. Shuya then no longer saw his worth because of the power and influence his mother had over him. This struggle between the two even led to Shuya appreciating the punishments his classmates inflicted upon him. It was this love and infatuation he had with the image of his mother that
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A middle school teacher named Yuko
Moriguchi brings her students together and announces her retirement due to the death of her young daughter, Manami. The police concluded the drowning was accidental, but Moriguchi reveals that Manami was actually murdered by two students in the class, dubbing them
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Another theme pulled was involving AIDS. Ms. Moriguchi attempts to punish Naoki and Shuya by injecting milk cartons the students were to drink with HIV-positive blood. This act's consequences go beyond health risks. Naoki becomes obsessed with the possibility of being sick, and this anxiety causes
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One of the groups of themes critics and analysts interpreted from the novel is milk, motherhood, and power. Throughout the novel, Minato highlights different mother-child relationships, some of which are what motivate Manami's murderers. Moriguchi and the other teachers in the school hand out milk
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Moriguchi explains to Shuya that she read his post. She reveals that she did put blood in their milk, but Manami's father found out about her plan and replaced the cartons. Moriguchi, upon meeting Terada, learned what had gone on with the class. Without telling Terada that she was his predecessor,
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The class president of
Moriguchi's former class, Mizuki, writes a letter to her to tell her what has happened since her retirement. Naoki Shitamura (B) did not show up to school, whereas Shuya Watanabe (A) acted as if nothing had changed. Their new teacher, Werther, enlisted Mizuki's help to visit
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Hikikomori is another theme analysts discussed. In the novel, Naoki is considered a hikikomori by both his mother and sister because of his severe reclusion from the outside world and his family. It is attributed to his belief that he might have contracted AIDS, and he stays away from everyone to
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Naoki then gives his perspective on the story. At the start, he was approached by Shuya, and they began to hang out. Shuya brought up his shock purse, asking Naoki if he wanted to punish someone. Naoki picked Manami. After they tricked Manami and she collapsed, Shuya told Naoki to spread the word
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that is characterized by a severe seclusion of oneself from social situations for anywhere from months to years. The word "hikikomori" is the same for either the person suffering or the action of withdrawal. In
Japanese culture, it's generally acceptable terminology. It is often used in place of
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posted to his website. He explains that his mother was abusive to him, leading to his father divorcing her. Hoping to reconnect with his mother, Shuya started his website and began trying to draw his mother’s attention through his inventions, eventually submitting his shock purse to the national
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Naoki's older sister learns of her mother's death and reads her diary in an attempt to figure out what happened. In it, Mrs. Shitamura wrote her thoughts about the events. She explains that Naoki had become obsessed with cleanliness while neglecting his own hygiene and becoming reclusive. These
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Naoki was raised differently than Shuya in that his mother emphasized "self-surveillance". Naoki learned to be self-conscious because his mother was the same way. She worried about others' perceptions of her and wanted to have Naoki be seen as "normal" in society's sense. In order to meet this
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Since the milk cartons have infected blood, the motherly role of supporting developing children is flipped to neglect. The purpose of the milk is misused and points at Shuya and Naoki's maternal figures. Shuya perceived that his mother was taking her displeasure for his life out on him through
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was a total of $ 45,203,103. The film was generally well-received by critics and eventually won several awards, including the 34th Japan
Academy Prize for Best Picture, as well as Best Picture at the 53rd Blue Ribbon Awards and Best Asian Film at the 30th Hong Kong Film Awards.
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wrote the screenplay and directed the psychological thriller. Box office revenues eventually reached ÂĄ3.85 billion ($ 2,967,178) in Japan alone, making it Japan's tenth highest-grossing film in 2010. After being screened in other countries, the worldwide gross revenue of
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Naoki develops all five criteria the
Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare list that must be met for a diagnosis of hikikomori: "a lifestyle centered at home", "no interest or willingness to attend school or work", "symptom duration of at least six months",
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reflected on Minato's social commentary, saying that "rom these composite testimonies emerges a sketch of a society where adults are too busy or insensitive to attend to children's needs, and children too alienated to find proper social and moral bearings."
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Juvenile punishment was also prevalent in the novel. Moriguchi does not report her students because she does not believe the juvenile system will be effective at punishing them. A study conducted on the change to the
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Hikikomori is difficult to diagnose because it is often found alongside other mental disorders. All patients able to present themselves for psychiatric care in one study had other conditions, including schizophrenia,
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offers a critical analysis of Minato’s characters and plot, saying that "although she does not make her main characters likeable, Minato succeeds in making their lack of remorse both chilling and believable.”
356:-positive blood into those that Shuya and Naoki drink as an act of revenge for killing her daughter. The milk, a symbol of motherhood, represents the impact mothers have on their children as mothers use
178:. The novel's chapters are in the form of a one-sided conversation, a letter, a diary entry, a reminiscion, a blog post, and a one-sided phone call. The novel was also adapted into a 2010 Japanese
493:, mental retardation, or other mental disorders have been excluded", and "no interest or willingness to attend school or work" alongside a neglect of personal relationships.
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led him to see her abuse as justified. The murders he committed were then equally justified in his eyes because his view on the value of life was significantly diminished.
170:. It is a suspense novel that traces the impact of a schoolteacher's act of revenge, and it deals with themes of motherhood and power as well as social issues like
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other specific diagnostic terms. It is not a very widespread phenomenon. This disorder is usually found in people in adolescence or their early twenties.
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standard, self-inflicted punishment followed after his classmates actively ignored him, and he became worried about dying from HIV. Naoki became
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was referred to as "a creepy and mesmerizing psychological thriller that challenges the conventions of right vs. wrong." by
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as "a nauseating tale of morality and justice, with violent turns that will drop your jaw right to the floor", and
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cartons to their homeroom classes every morning as part of a case study. However, she inserts
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also made the
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990:"Hikikomori, A Japanese Culture-Bound Syndrome of Social Withdrawal? A Proposal for DSM-V"
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Sejahterawati, Ninna febrianna. "An Analysis of Power Relations in Kanae Minato's Novel
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about this perceived impending death from AIDS, which led him to isolate even more.
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Student of Ms. Moriguchi and Werther, murderer, brief boyfriend of Mizuki
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of the same name; Minato has received many awards for her debut work.
1283:"The Shirley Jackson Awards » 2014 Shirley Jackson Awards Winners"
559:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
440:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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Famous retired schoolteacher, AIDS patient, and Manami's father
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as well, taking its place among the best in the mystery genre.
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Shosetsu Suiri New Writers Prize (2007; for the first chapter)
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Nominee for Strand Critics Award for Best First Novel (2015)
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by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise.
797:. Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center. 13 July 2015
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Nominee for Shirley Jackson Award for Best Novel (2015)
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August 5, 2008 (Original) August 19, 2014 (Translation)
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1237:"Book awards: Japan Booksellers | LibraryThing"
311:Student of Ms. Moriguchi and Werther, murderer
988:Teo, Alan Robert; Gaw, Albert C. (June 2010).
795:by Kanae Minato, translated by Stephen Snyder"
289:Class president and brief girlfriend of Shuya
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963:. US Centers for Disease Control. 2019-11-13
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1184:Funk, Jennifer (June 1, 2014). "Review of
707:Strand Critics Award for Best First Novel
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994:The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
575:Learn how and when to remove this message
509:, and others. This phenomenon is seen in
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218:Shuya presents his perspective through a
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258:Schoolteacher and Manami's mother
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261:Narrator of chapters one and six
145:Japanese Booksellers Award (2009)
915:Explores Motherhood And Revenge"
854:"Review of Kanae Minato's novel
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109:Japanese (translated to English)
36:too long or excessively detailed
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1159:hits its mark with a vengeance"
1383:"Blue Ribbon Awards Best Film"
1359:"Japanese Box Office For 2010"
1309:. American Library Association
368:various retributions, such as
206:Classroom in a Japanese school
1:
1451:Hendrix, Grady (2011-01-24).
515:obsessive-compulsive disorder
477:keep the spread diminished.
276:Masayoshi "Saint" Sakuranomi
236:Characters in Kanae Minato's
1416:10.7717/peerj-cs.252/table-2
1257:Staff, Strand (2015-03-26).
1048:Oka, Tatsushi (2009-11-01).
1006:10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181e086b1
636:contributor Jennifer Funk.
32:This article's plot summary
555:the claims made and adding
472:Example of hikikomori rooms
436:the claims made and adding
347:Milk, motherhood, and power
330:Terada "Werther" Yoshiteru
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364:to nourish their child.
303:Narrator of chapter three
300:Naoki's sister and mother
1153:Cha, Steph (2014-08-08).
1066:10.1080/00036840701365923
885:Confessions (2010) - IMDb
852:Lynn, Matt (2017-02-15).
480:Hikikomori is a Japanese
325:Narrator of chapter five
314:Narrator of chapter four
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1210:by Kanae Minato: Review"
1155:"Review: Kanae Minato's
1126:Graphics, WSJ com News.
292:Narrator of chapter two
1487:Japanese mystery novels
1407:"Table 2: IMDB results"
1133:The Wall Street Journal
1106:The Wall Street Journal
676:Japan Booksellers Award
639:Laura Eggertson of the
606:The Wall Street Journal
220:last will and testament
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1307:| Awards & Grants"
1194:: 90 – via Gale.
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950:" (2008). (2019).
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