151:(NNLC), together with labour unions, challenged the 2004 draft constitution in the Eswatini's High Court. However, in March 2005 the court upheld a ban on opposition political parties, citing the 1973 State of Emergency decree of King Sobhuza II. "It remains the duty and function of the court to uphold and apply the laws of the land, and especially so when constitutional issues are decided", the court ruled. The applicants indicated that they intended to pursue their case in the Court of Appeal.
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Trade unions in the country have organized repeated strikes to protest against the lack of labour and political rights and the draft constitution. This included a general strike on 25 and 26 January 2005, although reportedly not widely heeded.
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In 2001 King Mswati III appointed a committee to draft a new constitution. The draft was released for comment in May 2003, and was strongly criticised by civil society organizations in
Eswatini, as well as by
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failure to protect fully the right to life by, for instance, allowing law enforcement officials to use lethal force in situations where there is no threat to life posed to police or others;
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A new draft was placed before the largely advisory parliament on
November 4, 2004. The draft reportedly is substantially the same as the version issued in 2003.
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weak actual protection for the impartiality and independence of the judiciary, particularly regarding the selection, appointment, tenure and dismissal of judges.
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The 2005 constitution is currently in force. The constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12 April 1973 by a State of
Emergency decree imposed by King
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only partial protection of the rights of women, with for instance girls and young women not protected against forced marriage; and
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failure to protect fully the rights to freedom of conscience, belief, expression, opinion, peaceful assembly and association;
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A new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but was not formally presented to the people.
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failure to include economic and social rights as rights enforceable by the courts;
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listed the following criticisms of the draft constitution of 2003:
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191:"The Final Report of the Constitutional Review Commission"
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Eswatini's two largest political organisations, the
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286:"IOL: Swaziland strike fizzles out on second day"
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86:Constitution and fundamental law of Eswatini
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217:"We're sorry, that page can't be found"
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30:Constitution of the Kingdom of Eswatini
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193:. 27 October 2004. Archived from
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403:Democratic Republic of the Congo
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246:Foundation, Thomson Reuters.
112:International Bar Association
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18:Constitution of Swaziland
742:Constitutions by country
388:Central African Republic
75:Constitution of Eswatini
42:Coat of arms of Eswatini
335:Constitutions of Africa
737:Government of Eswatini
548:São Tomé and Príncipe
408:Republic of the Congo
118:Amnesty international
108:Amnesty International
623:States with limited
227:on 24 December 2017
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423:Equatorial Guinea
147:(PUDEMO) and the
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54:Jurisdiction
625:recognition
578:South Sudan
468:Ivory Coast
731:Categories
680:(Portugal)
638:Somaliland
558:Seychelles
523:Mozambique
508:Mauritania
493:Madagascar
448:The Gambia
383:Cape Verde
201:26 October
159:References
97:Mswati III
93:Sobhuza II
79:Wikisource
513:Mauritius
64:Full text
704: /
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693:(France)
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665: /
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613:Zimbabwe
588:Tanzania
438:Ethiopia
433:Eswatini
413:Djibouti
378:Cameroon
363:Botswana
260:cite web
110:and the
58:Eswatini
49:Overview
689:Réunion
685:Mayotte
676:Madeira
671:(Spain)
667:Melilla
598:Tunisia
568:Somalia
553:Senegal
538:Nigeria
528:Namibia
518:Morocco
483:Liberia
478:Lesotho
428:Eritrea
398:Comoros
373:Burundi
348:Algeria
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608:Zambia
603:Uganda
543:Rwanda
498:Malawi
458:Guinea
353:Angola
663:Ceuta
583:Sudan
533:Niger
488:Libya
473:Kenya
453:Ghana
443:Gabon
418:Egypt
358:Benin
231:2 May
593:Togo
503:Mali
393:Chad
272:help
233:2020
203:2010
77:at
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258:{{
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
