189:" guides the behavior of actors within an institution. It predicts that the norms and formal rules of institutions will shape the actions of those acting within them. According to James March, the logic of appropriateness means that actions are "matched to situations by means of rules organized into identities." Thus normative institutionalism views that much of the behavior of institutional actors is based on the recognized situation that the actors encounter, the identity of the actors in the situation, and the analysis by the actor of the rules that generally govern behavior for that actor in that particular situation.
178:) across organizations even though they evolved in different ways. Institutions are therefore seen as important in cementing and propagating cultural norms. Sociological institutionalists also emphasize how the functions and structures of organizations do not necessarily reflect functional purposes, but rather ceremonies and rituals. Actors comply with institutional rules and norms because other types of behavior are inconceivable; actors follow routines because they take a for-granted quality.
376:
109:. The three papers had in common that they explained the practices of organizations not in terms of efficacy and efficiency, but in terms of legitimacy. The functions of an organization did not necessarily reflect rational or optimal ends, but were instead myths, ceremonies and scripts that had a veneer of rationality.
125:
cognition and guide decision-making in a field. At the organization level, logic can focus the attention of key decision-makers on a delimited set of issues and solutions, leading to logic-consistent decisions that reinforce extant organizational identities and strategies. In line with the new institutionalism,
871:
150:
There is no agreed upon definition of institution in new institutionalist scholarship. Mats
Alvesson and Andre Spicer wrote in 2018 that it had become "difficult to agree what an institution is not – because institutions have become everything... When the term institution is defined, it is done so in
83:
which organizational bureaucracies create. In
Britain and the United States, the study of political institutions dominated political science until the 1950s. This approach, sometimes called 'old' institutionalism, focused on analyzing the formal institutions of government and the state in comparative
203:
New institutional economics (NIE) is an economic perspective that attempts to extend economics by focusing on the institutions (that is to say the social and legal norms and rules) that underlie economic activity and with analysis beyond earlier institutional economics and neoclassical economics. It
88:
which brought new perspectives to analyzing politics, such as positivism, rational choice theory, and behavioralism, and the narrow focus on institutions was discarded as the focus moved to analyzing individuals rather than the institutions which surrounded them. New
Institutionalism was a reaction
353:
Constructivist institutionalists assert that political, social, or policy discourses can perform communicative functions: actors publicly expressing ideas can lead to social change, or coordinating functions. Thus ideas and meaning provide a mechanism for multiple actors to achieve consensus on
129:
stresses that particular institutions and their organizational instantiations are deeply embedded in cultural, social, and political environments and that particular structures and practices are often reflections of as well as responses to rules, laws, conventions, paradigms built into the wider
141:
and Sven
Steinmo contrast New Institutionalism with "Old Institutionalism", which was overwhelmingly focused on detailed narratives of institutions, with little focus on comparative analyses. Thus, the Old Institutionalism was unhelpful for comparative research and explanatory theory. This "Old
289:
According to Erik Voeten, rational choice scholarship on institutions can be divided between (1) rational functionalism and (2) Distributive rationalism. The former sees organizations as functional optimal solutions to collective problems, whereas the latter sees organizations as an outcome of
173:
Sociological institutionalism is a form of new institutionalism that concerns "the way in which institutions create meaning for individuals, providing important theoretical building blocks for normative institutionalism within political science". Some sociological institutionalists argue that
112:
The following decade saw an explosion of literature on the topic across many disciplines, including those outside of the social sciences. Examples of the body of work in the decade which followed can be found in DiMaggio and Powell's 1991 anthology in the field of sociology; in economics, the
96:
and Brian Rowan on one hand and Lynn Zucker on the other. The revised formulation of institutionalism proposed in this paper prompted a significant shift in the way institutional analysis was conducted. Research that followed became known as "new" institutionalism, a concept that is generally
66:
The study of institutions and their interactions has been a focus of academic research for many years. In the late 19th and early 20th century, social theorists began to systematize this body of literature. One of the most prominent examples of this was the work of German economist and social
124:
More-recent work has begun to emphasize multiple competing logics, focusing on the more-heterogeneous sources of diversity within fields and the institutional embeddedness of technical considerations. The concept of logic generally refers to broader cultural beliefs and rules that structure
1764:
286:"). These bounds are accepted as individuals realize their goals can be best achieved through institutions. In other words, institutions are systems of rules and inducements to behavior in which individuals attempt to maximize their own benefit.
41:
is an approach to the study of institutions that focuses on the constraining and enabling effects of formal and informal rules on the behavior of individuals and groups. New institutionalism traditionally encompasses three major strands:
328:
approaches, historical institutionalism tends to emphasize that many outcomes are possible, small events and flukes can have large consequences, actions are hard to reverse once they take place, and that outcomes may be inefficient. A
142:
Institutionalism" began to be undermined when scholars increasingly highlighted how the formal rules and administrative structures of institutions were not accurately describing the behavior of actors and policy outcomes.
364:
Feminist institutionalism is a new institutionalist approach which looks at "how gender norms operate within institutions and how institutional processes construct and maintain gender power dynamics".
252:. A convergence of such researchers resulted in founding the Society for Institutional & Organizational Economics (formerly the International Society for New Institutional Economics) in 1997.
204:
can be seen as a broadening step to include aspects excluded in neoclassical economics. It rediscovers aspects of classical political economy. Major scholars associated with the subject include
270:
to maximize their utility. Institutions are understood to be exogenously given constraints ("rules of the game") on rational individual behavior. It employs analytical tools borrowed from
2242:
354:
norms and values and thus create social change. This is increasingly moving beyond political science and into international relations theory and foreign policy analysis.
290:
actors' individual and collective goals. Since individual and collective goals may conflict, the latter version of RCI accepts that suboptimal institutions are likely.
634:
1994:
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2453:
1240:"New Institutional Economics' Perspective on Wealth and Poverty of Nations. Concise Review and General Remarks on Acemoglu and Robinson's Concept"
345:
Proponents of discursive institutionalism, such as Vivien
Schmidt, emphasize how ideas and discourses affect institutional stability and change.
333:
may set in motion events that are hard to reverse, because of issues related to path dependency. Historical institutionalists tend to focus on
2136:——— (April 2007). "A tale of two cities: competing logics and practice variation in the professionalizing of mutual funds".
1823:
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43:
1996:
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198:
51:
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theory but is not identical to it. Proponents argue that political actors' rational choices are constrained (called "
274:
to explain how institutions are created, the behaviour of political actors within it, and the outcome of strategic
2448:
358:
126:
266:
Rational choice institutionalism is a theoretical approach to the study of institutions arguing that actors use
389:
321:
186:
1078:
97:
referred to as "neo-institutionalism" in academic literature. Another significant reformulation occurred with
458:
2410:
Markets from culture : institutional logics and organizational decisions in higher education publishing
1919:
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428:
330:
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Ansell, Christopher (2021), Riddervold, Marianne; Trondal, Jarle; Newsome, Akasemi (eds.),
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2170:
2166:
1960:
1462:
1445:
1360:
1343:
1229:
483:
305:
279:
138:
92:
Institutionalism experienced a significant revival in 1977 with two influential papers by
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Numerous scholarly approaches have been described as being part of New institutionalism.
1528:
Pierson, Paul (2000). "Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics".
943:
Lowndes, Vivien (2010), "The Institutional Approach", in Marsh, D.; Stoker, G. (eds.),
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1290:
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2193:
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Structuring Politics: Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Analysis
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440:
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2243:"The contract and the market: towards a broader notion of transaction?"
2225:
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2017:
1567:
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1384:
1313:
872:"Structuring politics historical institutionalism comparative analysis"
725:"Neo-Institutional Theory and Organization Studies: A Mid-Life Crisis?"
334:
1550:
1683:"Comparing Capitalisms: Debates, Controversies and Future Directions"
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Institutions and organizations : ideas, interests and identities
337:(longer temporal horizons) to understand why specific events happen.
2392:
2112:
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1723:
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2217:
1892:(3: European ‘security’ governance), Taylor & Francis: 445–66,
1129:
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2350:———; Ruef, M.; Mendel, P.; Caronna, C. (2000).
2175:
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Harold Demsetz (1967). "Toward a Theory of Property Rights,"
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Koremenos, Barbara; Lipson, Charles; Snidal, Duncan (2001).
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The New Institutional Economics and Third World Development
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institutions have developed to become similar (showing an
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Dzionek-Kozłowska, Joanna; Matera, Rafał (October 2015).
421:
Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE)
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794:
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Adcock, Robert Bevir, Mark Stimson, Shannon C. (2007).
2333:
The International Encyclopedia of Organization Studies
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Nicita, Antonio; Vatiero, Massimiliano (July 2007).
2190:
The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis
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650:"The Theoretical Core of the New Institutionalism"
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973:National Interests in International Society
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740:
482:
2354:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1741:10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060606.135342
1652:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press.
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846:
822:
312:, and shape social, political, economic
1277:Handbook of New Institutional Economics
1271:Keefer, Philip; Knack, Stephen (2005).
1197:Handbook of New Institutional Economics
1193:Handbook of New Institutional Economics
976:. Cornell University Press. p. 3.
411:
2182:The New Institutionalism in Education.
1593:, New York: Cambridge University Press
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626:
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1463:10.1146/annurev-polisci-041916-021108
1361:10.1146/annurev-polisci-041916-021108
1337:
1335:
1333:
304:Emphasizes how timing, sequences and
7:
1658:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199662814.013.3
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
708:
596:
594:
592:
512:
510:
452:
450:
1948:Berger, Peter L.; Luckmann (1966),
947:, Basingstoke: Palgrave, p. 65
2323:Economic Activity and Institutions
1951:The Social Construction of Reality
1728:Annual Review of Political Science
1450:Annual Review of Political Science
1348:Annual Review of Political Science
1195:, C. Ménard and M. Shirley, eds.
902:The Palgrave Handbook of EU Crises
475:10.1111/j.1467-9248.1996.tb00343.x
84:perspective. It was followed by a
25:
1812:"Constructivist institutionalism"
1769:European Political Science Review
1530:American Political Science Review
27:Sociological view of institutions
2101:Administrative Science Quarterly
1942:Bibliography and further reading
374:
262:Rational choice institutionalism
256:Rational choice institutionalism
181:Normative institutionalism is a
48:rational choice institutionalism
2344:Institutions and Organizations,
567:. University of Chicago Press.
349:Constructivist institutionalism
18:Constructivist institutionalism
2454:International relations theory
2408:——— (2004).
1306:Explaining Social Institutions
1218:Journal of Economic Literature
1166:, Cambridge University Press.
605:. Princeton University Press.
484:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-59C1-5
89:to the behavioral revolution.
1:
2380:Academy of Management Journal
2205:American Journal of Sociology
2196:: University of Chicago Press
2139:Academy of Management Journal
169:Sociological institutionalism
163:Sociological institutionalism
44:sociological institutionalism
2286:Strategic Management Journal
2081:, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar,
2062:, Oxford: University Press,
1997:American Sociological Review
1898:10.1080/09662839.2010.526935
1109:Journal of Law and Economics
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1047:, Free Press, pp. 57–58
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531:10.1007/978-3-319-75328-7_2
341:Discursive institutionalism
300:Historical institutionalism
294:Historical institutionalism
236:, and four Nobel laureates—
199:New institutional economics
193:New institutional economics
52:historical institutionalism
35:neo-institutionalist theory
2475:
2335:. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
1855:Hassan, Oz (10 Sep 2012),
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1389:International Organization
1162:Douglass C. North (1990).
995:Scott, Richard W. (2014).
970:Finnemore, Martha (1996).
958:DiMaggio & Powell 1991
876:Cambridge University Press
772:DiMaggio & Powell 1983
523:Knowledge and Institutions
297:
259:
196:
166:
75:) within society, and the
2152:10.5465/AMJ.2007.24634436
1979:10.1017/S1743923X06221044
1931:10.1017/S1743923X23000624
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359:Feminist institutionalism
230:Claude Ménard (economist)
146:Definition of institution
127:social rule system theory
2250:Studi e Note di Economia
1699:10.1177/0038038519895937
1147:American Economic Review
1126:American Economic Review
1060:American Economic Review
1043:March, James G. (1994),
742:10.1177/0170840618772610
390:Critical juncture theory
187:logic of appropriateness
155:Diversity of scholarship
79:created by means of the
2184:Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
1257:10.1515/aicue-2015-0032
272:neo-classical economics
151:broad and vague ways."
1028:Schmidt, V.A. (2010),
700:Meyer & Rowan 1977
654:Politics & Society
322:functionalist theories
2459:Sociological theories
1966:Politics & Gender
1954:, New York: Doubleday
1342:Voeten, Erik (2019).
1228:May 11, 2011, at the
1145:, reprinted in 1992,
86:behavioral revolution
33:(also referred to as
2320:Parto, Saeed. 2003.
2262:10.2139/ssrn.2473437
1843:, Palgrave MacMillan
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982:10.7591/j.ctt1rv61rh
878:. 1992. pp. 3–4
729:Organization Studies
400:Institutional theory
134:Old institutionalism
121:is a noted example.
77:institutionalization
31:Neo institutionalism
1922:Politics and Gender
1810:Hay, Colin (2006).
1279:. pp. 700–725.
395:Institutional logic
284:bounded rationality
218:Steven N. S. Cheung
58:published in 1977.
2097:Lounsbury, Michael
2035:Friedland, Roger;
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898:"Institutionalism"
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1886:European Security
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1323:978-0-472-10588-5
919:978-3-030-51791-5
811:Scott et al. 2000
612:978-0-691-12873-3
582:978-0-226-67709-5
540:978-3-319-75328-7
463:Political Studies
331:critical juncture
250:Oliver Williamson
117:-winning work of
39:institutionalism)
16:(Redirected from
2466:
2449:Institutionalism
2435:
2423:978-0-80474021-0
2404:
2373:
2361:978-0-22674309-7
2336:
2317:
2280:
2278:
2272:. Archived from
2247:
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2197:
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2132:
2091:
2072:
2053:
2044:
2030:
2021:
1990:
1961:Chappell, Louise
1955:
1935:
1934:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1866:978-0-41560310-2
1852:
1846:
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268:institutions
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226:Yoram Barzel
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183:sociological
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2192:, Chicago,
1775:(1): 1–25.
859:Powell 2007
835:Ocasio 1997
660:(1): 5–34.
276:interaction
222:Avner Greif
176:isomorphism
115:Nobel Prize
107:isomorphism
73:bureaucracy
2443:Categories
1551:1814/23648
882:2020-02-29
406:References
56:John Meyer
2314:221895930
2306:0143-2095
2270:166964883
2234:141398636
2129:145613530
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1987:145811736
1906:153658871
1797:146179398
1789:1755-7747
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1687:Sociology
1633:1086-3338
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1507:0969-2290
1472:1094-2939
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324:and some
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67:theorist
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441:40752104
368:See also
314:behavior
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2121:2667124
2018:2095101
1568:2586011
1417:3078615
1232:(press
1223:595–613
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501:3133316
335:history
308:affect
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248:, and
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2266:S2CID
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2230:S2CID
2222:JSTOR
2156:S2CID
2125:S2CID
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2014:JSTOR
1983:S2CID
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1421:S2CID
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924:S2CID
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545:S2CID
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2428:OCLC
2418:ISBN
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316:and
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