48:
690:"Other relics of Saint Cosmas are kept in a special shrine at the main Metropolitan Cathedral in Athens, where some Northern Epirotes come to pray for the annexation of southern Albania by Greece. Though a purveyor of Hellenic culture, Cosmas Aitolos is still highly regarded among Orthodox Albanians in Albania and in the United States for the profound spiritual message and encouragement he gave."
663:"Other relics of Saint Cosmas are kept in a special shrine at the main Metropolitan Cathedral in Athens, where some Northern Epirotes come to pray for the annexation of southern Albania by Greece. Though a purveyor of Hellenic culture, Cosmas Aitolos is still highly regarded among Orthodox Albanians in Albania and in the United States for the profound spiritual message and encouragement he gave."
212:
539:
466:
There are numerous popular religious texts attributed to St. Kosmas. Best known are the five "Didaches" and the "Prophecies". An account stated that he prophesied the unification of Greece and Epirus. There survives, however, no original manuscript of these texts written personally by St. Kosmas, and
374:
to stop speaking their language and adopt Greek, which was successful to an extent. Kosmas promised that to those who would vow never to speak
Aromanian again, he would intercede with God and ask him to forgive all their sins. He also said that "any village I find with Vlach language I will curse".
339:
and founded there a Greek school, which would be the only school of the city during the 18th century – an act which the
Venetian authorities might have considered as undermining their rule. The Venetians' suspicions are attested in spy reports about Kosmas preserved in the Venetian archives. In
467:
none can be dated with certainty. His writings are known only from second- or third-hand transcriptions. It is believed that these texts are based on Kosmas' preachings but were written and copied mostly after his death.
401:(in present-day Albania). There were no formal charges brought against him, nor was he put on trial before being executed – leading to various theories, persisting up to the present, about who might have wanted him dead.
822:
787:
177:. He is recognized as one of the originators of the twentieth-century religious movements in Greece. He is also noted for his prophesies. Kosmas held negative views on speakers of
852:
842:
264:
432:
335:, then in its final stages of decline, which ruled parts of the territory where he was active. For example, in 1779 he is said to have visited the Venetian-ruled town of
782:
428:, southern Albanian and Macedonia, and an enemy of the Sultan, had a church built near the site of Kosmas' execution, in which the remains of Kosmas were placed.
807:
837:
592:
847:
792:
752:
650:
619:
282:
Over sixteen years, Kosmas established many church schools in villages and towns. He called upon
Christians to establish schools and learn
702:"An Enquiry Into the Construction, Deconstruction, Transubstantiation and Reconstruction of Christian Pilgrimages in Modern-Day Albania"
797:
862:
827:
561:
521:
493:
197:
857:
736:
Aristotle
University of Thessalonike, School of Theology, reviewed by Prof. D. Koukoura. In Greek language with English abstract.
444:
132:
201:
382:(fair) from Sunday to Saturday, which brought economic losses to Jews – barred by their religion from engaging in business on
324:
His preachings had aroused the opposition of the rich and powerful and others who felt their position threatened, such as the
817:
386:. Some researchers believe that for that reason, Jews in Epirus were involved in his conviction by the Ottoman authorities.
279:. The Patriarch had reportedly been worried at the increasing rate of Christians converting to Islam in these areas.
812:
604:
802:
832:
389:
Accused of being a
Russian agent, he was seized by Ottoman authorities. On 24 August 1779, he was executed at
174:
302:
58:
777:
772:
593:"Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles", Orthodox Church in America
734:
Eustathiou G. (2010) Father Kosmas
Aitolos and the homiletical approach of his teaching, p. 12-16.
410:
351:
or Turks (could refer to
Muslims in general) would be paid back for the injustice they committed".
347:. Nevertheless, in one of his preachings he stated specifically that: "Those who wrong Christians,
614:
Sakellariou M.V.:"Epirus, 4,000 years of Greek history and civilisation", Ekdotikē Athēnōn, 1997,
460:
355:
178:
139:
646:
615:
557:
517:
489:
448:
359:
332:
318:
189:
87:
375:
He made the same promise to
Arvanites, describing their language as "the language of Satan".
314:
249:
452:
340:
contrast, Kosmas had considerable support from other
Christians and even from some Turks.
276:
581:
286:, so that they might understand the Scriptures better and generally educate themselves.
47:
582:"Saint Cosmas of Aetolia, Equal to the Apostles", Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America
306:
298:
260:
241:
233:
225:
162:
91:
267:(who had marked anti-Ottoman tendencies) to begin missionary tours in the villages of
766:
677:
456:
394:
325:
95:
328:(Greek "village elders" whose power and influence was bound up with Ottoman power).
290:
229:
193:
114:
640:
17:
398:
294:
283:
272:
245:
367:
363:
182:
436:
421:
390:
371:
211:
205:
83:
733:
603:
Tassos A. Mikropoulos, "The Muslim
Presence in Epirus and Western Greece",
758:
Sisters of St. Kosmas Aitolos Greek Orthodox Monastery in Caledon, Ontario
256:
418:
383:
336:
310:
237:
99:
71:
455:
issue and support the annexation of this region to Greece. Although a
378:
One effect of his preaching was to transfer the holding of the weekly
425:
379:
268:
126:
701:
514:
Balkan Border Crossings: First Annual of the Konitsa Summer School
210:
34:
440:
344:
642:
A dictionary of Albanian religion, mythology, and folk culture
173:; born between 1700 and 1714 – died 1779), was a monk in the
204:. His feast day is celebrated on 24 August, the date of his
185:, and urged them to abandon their language and adopt Greek.
722:... was particularly revered by a Greek nationalist milieu.
331:
Kosmas was also viewed with suspicion by officials of the
200:
on 20 April 1961 under the tenure of Ecumenical Patriarch
757:
459:, Saint Kosmas the Aetolian is still highly regarded by
516:. New Brunswick: Transactions Publishers. p. 405.
486:
Modern Orthodox Theology: Behold, I Make All Things New
439:, where he was killed, to the Archaeological Museum of
540:Ο Κοσμάς ο Αιτωλός και η αποτροπή ομιλίας της Βλάχικης
271:– later extended to what would form the areas of both
343:
In his sermons Kosmas often refers negatively to the
354:
Kosmas held highly negative views on the use of the
309:), Kosmas started to preach in what is now Southern
244:
and theology before becoming a monk after a trip to
447:. Saint Kosmas' pilgrimage is also revered in some
138:
123:
113:
105:
77:
65:
57:
32:
823:Persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire
431:In 1984, the remains were transferred from the
255:After two years Kosmas left Athos. He studied
788:18th-century executions by the Ottoman Empire
8:
451:circles. The latter are associated with the
443:. Other relics of the saint are kept in the
853:People associated with Philotheou Monastery
843:Greek saints of the Eastern Orthodox Church
46:
29:
671:
669:
645:. New York University Press. p. 60.
263:for a time. In 1760 he was authorized by
577:
575:
573:
476:
634:
632:
630:
628:
488:. London: T&T Clark. p. 130.
783:18th-century Eastern Orthodox martyrs
535:
533:
7:
507:
505:
366:more precisely) languages. He urged
248:, where he also attended the local
808:Christian saints killed by Muslims
554:Bartholomew: Apostle and Visionary
25:
838:Christian missionaries in Albania
678:"The Christian Saints of Albania"
198:Orthodox Church of Constantinople
27:Monk in the Greek Orthodox Church
445:Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens
133:Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens
215:Icon of St. Kosmas the Aetolian
61:and Teacher of the Greek Nation
556:. Thomas Nelson. p. 234.
512:Nitsiakos, Vasilēs G. (2008).
484:Ladouceur, Paul (2019-02-21).
463:for the message that he gave.
52:Mural painting of Saint Kosmas
1:
848:People from Aetolia-Acarnania
793:18th-century Christian saints
297:(which was provoked by the
879:
552:Chryssavgis, John (2016).
798:18th-century Greek people
313:, then under the rule of
166:
45:
863:Anti-Aromanian sentiment
828:Saints of Ottoman Greece
397:, near the mouth of the
190:"Equal to the Apostles,"
858:Anti-Albanian sentiment
224:Kosmas was born in the
109:Eastern Orthodox Church
700:Giakoumis, K. (2013).
676:Elsie, Robert (2000).
639:Elsie, Robert (2000).
265:Patriarch Serapheim II
216:
818:Greek Christian monks
706:Ηπειρωτικό Ημερολόγιο
433:St. Kosmas' Monastery
214:
175:Greek Orthodox Church
59:Equal to the Apostles
301:with the support of
284:Biblical Koine Greek
250:Theological Academy
155:Cosmas the Aetolian
151:Kosmas the Aetolian
40:Kosmas the Aetolian
461:Orthodox Albanians
317:, governor of the
217:
194:proclaimed a Saint
188:Saint Kosmas, the
813:Greek theologians
652:978-0-8147-2214-5
620:978-960-213-371-2
449:Greek nationalist
424:ruler of Ottoman
333:Venetian Republic
319:Pashalik of Berat
236:in the region of
232:near the town of
161:"Father Kosmas" (
148:
147:
106:Venerated in
88:Pashalik of Berat
18:Cosmas of Aetolia
16:(Redirected from
870:
803:Athonite Fathers
751:
737:
731:
725:
724:
719:
717:
697:
691:
689:
673:
664:
662:
660:
659:
636:
623:
612:
606:
601:
595:
590:
584:
579:
568:
567:
549:
543:
537:
528:
527:
509:
500:
499:
481:
315:Ahmet Kurt Pasha
168:
167:Κοσμᾶς ὁ Αἰτωλός
129:
50:
30:
21:
878:
877:
873:
872:
871:
869:
868:
867:
833:Miracle workers
763:
762:
749:
746:
741:
740:
732:
728:
715:
713:
699:
698:
694:
675:
674:
667:
657:
655:
653:
638:
637:
626:
613:
609:
602:
598:
591:
587:
580:
571:
564:
551:
550:
546:
538:
531:
524:
511:
510:
503:
496:
483:
482:
478:
473:
453:Northern Epirus
407:
293:of 1770 in the
277:Northern Greece
222:
192:was officially
124:
82:
70:
53:
41:
38:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
876:
874:
866:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
765:
764:
761:
760:
755:
745:
744:External links
742:
739:
738:
726:
692:
665:
651:
624:
607:
596:
585:
569:
562:
544:
529:
522:
501:
494:
475:
474:
472:
469:
406:
403:
307:Russian Empire
299:Orlov brothers
261:Constantinople
221:
218:
146:
145:
142:
136:
135:
130:
121:
120:
117:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
92:Ottoman Empire
81:24 August 1779
79:
75:
74:
67:
63:
62:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
39:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
875:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
770:
768:
759:
756:
754:
748:
747:
743:
735:
730:
727:
723:
711:
707:
703:
696:
693:
687:
683:
679:
672:
670:
666:
654:
648:
644:
643:
635:
633:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
611:
608:
605:
600:
597:
594:
589:
586:
583:
578:
576:
574:
570:
565:
563:9780718086893
559:
555:
548:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
525:
523:9783825809188
519:
515:
508:
506:
502:
497:
495:9780567664815
491:
487:
480:
477:
470:
468:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
429:
427:
423:
420:
416:
412:
404:
402:
400:
396:
395:Fier District
392:
387:
385:
381:
376:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
341:
338:
334:
329:
327:
326:kotsampasides
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
240:. He studied
239:
235:
231:
227:
219:
213:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
171:Kosmas Etolos
164:
160:
156:
152:
143:
141:
137:
134:
131:
128:
122:
119:20 April 1961
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:
97:
96:Fier District
93:
89:
85:
80:
76:
73:
68:
64:
60:
56:
49:
44:
36:
31:
19:
729:
721:
716:16 September
714:. Retrieved
709:
705:
695:
685:
682:Balkanistica
681:
656:. Retrieved
641:
610:
599:
588:
553:
547:
513:
485:
479:
465:
430:
417:independent
414:
408:
388:
377:
353:
348:
342:
330:
323:
303:Catherine II
291:Orlov Revolt
288:
281:
254:
230:Mega Dendron
223:
187:
170:
158:
154:
153:, sometimes
150:
149:
778:1779 deaths
773:1714 births
399:Seman river
295:Peloponnese
273:West Greece
246:Mount Athos
228:village of
202:Athenagoras
159:Patrokosmas
767:Categories
753:Οι Διδαχές
750:(in Greek)
658:2010-06-23
471:References
457:hellenizer
368:Aromanians
364:Arvanitika
289:After the
183:Arvanitika
712:(32): 187
688:(36): 48.
542:. p. 166.
437:Kolkondas
411:Ali Pasha
391:Kolkondas
372:Arvanites
356:Aromanian
206:martyrdom
179:Aromanian
144:24 August
115:Canonized
98:, modern
94:, now in
84:Kolkondas
622:, p. 306
422:Albanian
415:de facto
409:In 1813
360:Albanian
257:rhetoric
384:Sabbath
337:Preveza
311:Albania
305:of the
238:Aetolia
196:by the
100:Albania
90:in the
72:Aetolia
69:c. 1714
649:
618:
560:
520:
492:
426:Epirus
419:Muslim
413:, the
405:Legacy
380:bazaar
269:Thrace
234:Thermo
127:shrine
125:Major
242:Greek
226:Greek
163:Greek
140:Feast
35:Saint
718:2017
647:ISBN
616:ISBN
558:ISBN
518:ISBN
490:ISBN
441:Fier
370:and
358:and
349:Jews
345:Jews
275:and
220:Life
181:and
78:Died
66:Born
435:in
259:in
157:or
769::
720:.
710:32
708:.
704:.
686:13
684:.
680:.
668:^
627:^
572:^
532:^
504:^
393:,
321:.
252:.
208:.
169:,
165::
86:,
661:.
566:.
526:.
498:.
362:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
