1021:
845:
859:
by lawyers and were binding. Most included some provision for the financial welfare of the courtesan beyond the end of the relationship in the form of an annuity. Many such women became so powerful socially and financially that they could be particular about the men they associated with; in other words, they chose their paramour as would any other mistress, not the other way around. Wealthy benefactors would go to great lengths to court a courtesan as a prize, the ultimate goal being a long-term contract as a mistress.
1326:
899:
31:
863:
a benefactor, that benefactor would, when ending the affair, pass her on to another benefactor of wealth as a favour to the courtesan, or set her up in an arranged marriage to a semi-wealthy benefactor. If the courtesan had angered or dissatisfied a benefactor, then she would often find herself cast out of wealthy circles, returning more often than not to street prostitution.
785:
949:) in which a mother teaches her daughter what options are available to women and how to be an effective courtesan. In eighteenth-century French literature, the courtesan tends to be idealised as a beautiful and intellectually refined figure of classical antiquity, who invariably enjoys excellent health and is untouched by the contemporary societal scourge
722:("courtier"), came to refer to a person who attends the court, and then to a well-educated and independent woman, eventually a trained artist or artisan of dance and singing, especially one associated with wealthy, powerful, or upper-class society who was given luxuries and status in exchange for entertainment and companionship. In English, the word was
1394:
815:
companionship—as well as their physical attributes. It was usually their wit and personality that set them apart from regular women. Sex constituted only a facet of the courtesan's array of services. For example, they were well-dressed and ready to engage and participate in a variety of topics ranging from art to music to politics.
881:
Those from wealthy backgrounds, either by birth or marriage, and who were acting as courtesans only for the social or political advancement of themselves and/or their spouses were generally treated as equals. They were more respected by their extramarital companions, both placing one another's family
934:
More often than not, a woman serving as a courtesan would last in that field only as long as she could prove herself useful to her companion, or companions. This, of course, excludes those who served as courtesans but who were already married into high society. When referring to those who made their
862:
Occasionally courtesans were passed from one benefactor to another, thereby resulting in them being viewed in society circles as lower than both their benefactor and those of wealth and power with whom they would socialise. Often, in instances of this sort, if the courtesan had satisfactorily served
996:
Separately from this list, the term "courtesan" has been used in a political context in an attempt to damage the reputation of a powerful woman or disparage her importance. Because of this, there is still much historical debate over whether certain women in history were courtesans. For example, the
889:
This was generally a safe affair, as both the benefactor's spouse and the courtesan's spouse usually were fully aware of the arrangement, and the courtesan was not solely dependent on the benefactor. It, rather, was simply an affair of benefits gained for both those involved. Publicly and socially,
858:
Often, courtesans serving in this capacity began their career as a prostitute, although many came to the profession by other means. It was not uncommon for a courtesan to enter into an arranged long-term liaison by contract with a wealthy benefactor. These contracts were written up by and witnessed
698:
Europe, courtiers played an extremely important role in upper-class society. As it was customary during this time for royal couples to lead separate lives—commonly marrying simply to preserve bloodlines and to secure political alliances—men and women would often seek gratification and companionship
885:
Affairs of this sort would often be short-lived, ending when either the courtesan or the courtesan's spouse received the status or political position desired, or when the benefactor chose the company of another courtesan, and compensated the former companion financially. In instances like this, it
836:
Courtesans from non-wealthy backgrounds provided charming companionship for extended periods, no matter what their own feelings or commitments might have been at the time, and sometimes had to be prepared to do so on short notice. They were also subject to lower social status, and often religious
818:
In some cases, courtesans were from well-to-do backgrounds, and were even married—but to husbands lower on the social ladder than their clients. In these cases, their relationships with those of high social status had the potential to improve their spouses' status—and so, more often than not, the
886:
was often viewed simply as a business agreement by both parties involved. The benefactor was aware of the political or social favors expected by the courtesan, the courtesan was aware of the price expected from them for those favors being carried out, and the two met one another's demands.
814:
were usually well-educated and worldly (sometimes even more so than the average upper-class woman), and often held simultaneous careers as performers or artists. They were typically chosen on the basis of their "breeding"—social and conversational skills, intelligence, common sense, and
935:
service as a courtesan as their main source of income, success was based solely on financial management and longevity. Many climbed through the ranks of royalty, serving as mistress to lesser nobles first, eventually reaching the role of (unofficial) mistress to a king or prince.
694:, the court was the centre of government as well as the residence of the monarch, and social and political life were often completely mixed together. Prior to the Renaissance, courtesans served to convey information to visiting dignitaries, when servants could not be trusted. In
930:
is a good example. By the late 19th century, and for a brief period in the early 20th century, courtesans had reached a level of social acceptance in many circles and settings, often even to the extent of becoming a friend and confidant to the wife of their benefactor.
837:
disapproval, because of the perceived immoral aspects of their profession and their reliance upon courtisanerie as a primary source of income. In cases like this, a courtesan was solely dependent on her benefactor or benefactors financially, making her vulnerable;
1329:
This lady is probably a courtesan or tawaif. She would be accomplished in the arts of music, dancing and poetry and would entertain the men of the court, particularly in Moghul India. Her elegance and expensive gold-embroidered veil show her high
1754:, Fanny goes from poor orphaned country girl to wealthy skilled courtesan eventually finding her one true love and retiring to marriage. Her history is told in the first person through several letters to friends detailing her life as a courtesan.
1384:
807:, a lower class of courtesan. The former was the sort most often romanticized and treated more-or-less equal to women of the nobility. It is with this type of courtesan that the art of "courtisanerie" is best associated.
925:
lifestyle were over. There are many examples of courtesans who, by remaining discreet and respectful to their benefactors, were able to extend their careers into or past middle age and retire financially secure;
921:
In later centuries, from the mid-18th century on, courtesans would often find themselves cast aside by their benefactors, but the days of public execution or imprisonment based on their
2608:
776:
known as ganikas were the center of city life. According to historian Sanjay K. Gautam, the courtesan in India was "a symbol of both sexual-erotic and aesthetic pleasure".
1780:, Pippa accuses Felicity of having a mother who is a courtesan and a consort, and who ran away to France not only to run a salon but to be with her lover, a Frenchman.
699:
from people living at court. In fact, the verb 'to court' originally meant "to be or reside at court", and later came to mean "to behave as a courtier" and then '
645:
890:
affairs of this sort were common during the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as well as the early 20th century, and were generally accepted in wealthy circles.
1850:. In the novel, the courtesan's name is Marguerite Gautier; in the opera, it is Violetta Valéry. "La Traviata" in Italian translates "The Wayward One".
2601:
2572:
967:
2558:
Foucault and the
Kamasutra: The Courtesan, the Dandy, and the Birth of Ars Erotica as Theater in India. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.
1989:, Madame Solari is shown to be the leader of the courtesans in Rome. Courtesans also provide a gameplay mechanic in the two games, main character
1974:
is a courtesan of the French Belle Epoque, she gains a notorious reputation from cavorting with aristocrats, artists and bourgeois, of both sexes.
1204:
1318:
2472:
3196:
2594:
2766:
1496:
2463:
Norberg, Kathryn (1996). "From
Courtesan to Prostitute: Mercenary Sex and Venereal Disease, 1730–1802". In Merians, Linda Evi (ed.).
2527:
Peletz, Michael G. "Gender, Sexuality, and Body
Politics in Modern Asia". Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies, 2007. Print.
2447:
2394:
1879:
882:
obligations ahead of the relationship and planning their own liaisons or social engagements around the lovers' marital obligations.
638:
2904:
1993:
can hire small groups of courtesans that can be used to escort the assassin without being noticed, and to distract hostile guards.
1985:
1673:
1763:
2045:
are about a young
Parisian girl who is being trained to be a courtesan by her great-aunt, a retired career courtesan herself.
958:
2491:
Dalby, Liza. "Geisha, 25th
Anniversary Edition, Updated Edition". Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2008. Print.
2291:
v. courtesan, -zan, 1, Obs., "One attached to the court of a prince"; courtesan, -zan, 2, "A court-mistress", Etymon "a. F.
2417:
371:
2269:
1445:
631:
1776:
1492:
844:
765:, held a different social role than that of their European counterparts. Examples of Japanese courtesans included the
1977:
Paola and Sister
Teodora were the leaders of the courtesans of Florence and Venice (respectively) in the video game
1111:
1020:
2851:
2617:
1939:
1466:
234:
184:
35:
20:
2274:
1482:
612:
3137:
2327:
1660:
1030:
562:
41:
2495:
Gaite, Carmen Martín. Love
Customs in Eighteenth-Century Spain. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991
1598:
2969:
2279:
1832:
1061:
1006:
378:
1225:
2866:
2569:
2323:
2129:
1979:
1970:
1298:
998:
3132:
3049:
2665:
2363:
1837:
557:
470:
261:
224:
2923:
1863:, a shape-shifting courtesan working to pay off her debts and care for her rescued acolyte, Evangeline.
1573:
1325:
1092:
2557:
2387:
Foucault and the
Kamasutra: The Courtesan, the Dandy, and the Birth of Ars Erotica as Theater in India
3122:
3039:
3034:
2660:
2052:
2032:
1545:
1513:
1461:
1435:
1414:
1217:
703:', or "to pay amorous attention to somebody". The most intimate companion of a ruler was called the "
465:
460:
247:
3191:
2929:
2002:
1799:
1790:
1718:
1656:
1625:
1564:
1488:
1354:
1333:
954:
950:
942:
902:
607:
243:
1771:, and her sharp-witted dwarf rise to success among the intrigue and secrets of Renaissance Venice.
1469:, also known as Pauline, a French transgender courtesan and singer in Paris of the 1850s and 1860s
3074:
2999:
1867:
1812:
1787:
1736:
1685:
1602:
1577:
1212:
495:
425:
3165:
3127:
3069:
2861:
2713:
2655:
2530:
2468:
2443:
2390:
2112:
1894:
1875:
1638:
1629:
1607:
1554:
1429:
1041:
1034:
927:
597:
567:
502:
229:
204:
59:
2435:
2067:
2994:
2894:
2743:
2211:
1997:
1714:
1707:
1669:
1634:
1507:
1358:
1313:
852:
421:
324:
898:
3160:
2781:
2576:
2421:
2088:. She is described in the alternative title of the play as 'the famous Venetian Curtizan'.
2084:
1855:
1824:
1650:
1592:
1569:
1472:
1346:
1252:
1188:
1176:
1167:(1486–1512), courtesan of Renaissance Rome, referred to as the "first courtesan" in Europe
1164:
1149:
1115:
1096:
1083:
1025:
914:
788:
762:
592:
507:
290:
2358:
2964:
2912:
2776:
2632:
2240:
2096:
2041:
1917:
1847:
1550:
1529:
1200:
1140:
990:
938:
874:
792:
388:
265:
177:
2187:
769:
class, who were more focused on the aspect of entertainment than
European courtesans.
3185:
3013:
2949:
2846:
2771:
2761:
2718:
2515:
2500:
2092:
2023:
2014:
2010:
1990:
1860:
1819:
1665:
1501:
1418:
1404:
1001:, who had started life as an erotic actress but later became the wife of the Emperor
972:
906:
773:
540:
490:
393:
351:
146:
2072:
1943:
highlights the profession of courtesans in 16th-century India, featuring Rasa Devi (
2814:
2798:
2728:
2705:
2650:
2079:
2048:
2018:
1954:
1948:
1807:
1758:
1744:
1613:
1595:(1824–1847), French courtesan, one of the best known from the era of Louis Philippe
1582:
1523:
1439:
1438:(1760–1800), Swedish courtesan-ballerina, lover but not official royal mistress of
1423:
1387:
667:
300:
285:
219:
2549:
2535:
Grandes
Horizontales: The Lives and Legends of Four Nineteenth-Century Courtesans
3170:
3155:
3107:
3090:
3008:
2738:
2414:
2058:
2013:, an actress/courtesan who falls in love with a penniless poet/writer played by
1842:
1794:
1783:
1689:
1560:
1535:
1478:
1371:
1365:
1309:
1248:
1221:
1208:
1145:
977:
922:
711:
695:
679:
671:
602:
587:
525:
383:
314:
251:
99:
1688:(1890–1971), French courtesan, lover but not official royal mistress of Prince
3117:
3044:
2899:
2873:
2824:
2753:
2645:
2586:
2494:
2181:
2134:
2124:
2062:
1958:
1886:
1749:
1702:
1644:
1637:(1748–1830), French courtesan, has been called "the first officially recorded
1451:
1397:
1170:
1130:
1056:
1051:
838:
663:
552:
366:
275:
239:
214:
30:
2217:
2163:
1659:(1745–1805), Danish courtesan, lover but not official royal mistress of King
3112:
3059:
2981:
2954:
2917:
2723:
2640:
2465:
The Secret Malady: Venereal Disease in Eighteenth-century Britain and France
2140:
1934:
1898:
1731:
1619:
1540:
1456:
1002:
803:, or the honest courtesan, who was cast as an intellectual. Another was the
784:
704:
700:
691:
547:
480:
430:
356:
295:
209:
160:
2157:
1383:
3054:
2889:
2856:
2733:
2690:
2675:
2670:
2205:
2118:
1907:
1286:
1274:
1086:
1075:
1047:
739:
723:
675:
617:
475:
309:
280:
165:
155:
119:
63:
1962:
1601:(1737–1814), French courtesan, lover but not official royal mistress of
3018:
2986:
2976:
2839:
2829:
2680:
2175:
2169:
1723:
1393:
1291:
1242:
1235:
1193:
1181:
1135:
1069:
820:
453:
435:
416:
398:
134:
104:
72:
2959:
2834:
2793:
2193:
1927:
1922:
1912:
1902:
1586:
1408:
1230:
1079:
1065:
962:
910:
745:
361:
129:
109:
92:
87:
82:
77:
1343:–1556): top courtesan in several Italian cities, and published poet
3147:
3100:
3095:
2819:
2695:
2199:
2151:
1944:
1392:
1382:
1324:
1279:
1268:
1158:
1124:
1105:
1019:
1009:
897:
783:
766:
580:
535:
530:
440:
913:
as "the most beautiful courtesan in Paris". In 1846, she married
3064:
2685:
1768:
485:
139:
2590:
2039:
The Broadway plays, musicals, and movies based upon the book
1996:
Phèdre nó Delaunay, the premier courtesan of Terre D'Ange in
993:, unless a professional courtesan was also a royal mistress.
989:
This is a list of some professional courtesans. They are not
726:
from Italian during the 16th century through the French form
2264:
2262:
2260:
1448:(1681–1749), French courtesan and later a famous salonnière
1308:–June 28, 548), Byzantine actress-courtesan, later wife of
2512:
Courtesans: Money, Sex, and Fame in the Nineteenth Century
2099:
plays one of Feng's many, all-male courtesans of pleasure.
1173:(15th-century) Indian Marathi saint-poet and dancer,singer
737:
A male figure comparable to the courtesan was the Italian
2389:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 87–112.
2505:
The Book of the Courtesans: a Catalogue of Their Virtues
1628:(1799–1878), French courtesan and model, second wife of
981:(1880), about a courtesan in nineteenth-century France.
761:
The courtesans of East Asia, particularly those of the
2522:
Lives of the Courtesans: Portraits of the Renaissance.
1044:(1st century BCE), Roman mimae actress and courtesan
3146:
3083:
3027:
2942:
2882:
2807:
2752:
2704:
2631:
2624:
799:One type of courtesan was known (in Italy) as the
791:, famous Venetian poet and courtesan. Portrait by
2550:The courtesan's arts: cross-cultural perspectives
2467:. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 34–50.
674:clientele. Historically, the term referred to a
2438:. In Senici, Emanuele; Cross, Jonathan (eds.).
1767:, Fiammetta Bianchini, a renowned courtesan of
1481:(1835–1886), Irish courtesan, de facto wife of
2442:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 20–24.
2334:In Italy, Castiglione uses the masculine form
1836:is a novel about a courtesan by French author
1421:used her as the principal model for his novel
2602:
639:
8:
1563:(1821–1861), Irish dancer, mistress of king
1491:(1765–1815), English model-actress, wife of
730:, especially associated with the meaning of
1610:(1864–1939), French courtesan and socialite
997:title was applied to the Byzantine empress
2628:
2609:
2595:
2587:
2311:. In quotation 1565 directly from Italian"
1668:(1760–1822), Greek courtesan, mistress of
646:
632:
198:
55:
25:
1544:-courtesan ('Grande Horizontale') of the
1460:-courtesan ('Grande Horizontale') of the
1793:, a position inspired by courtesans, in
1752:: or, the Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure
1526:(died 1767), British courtesan and model
843:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2338:("courtier") but for the feminine form
2232:
823:of his wife's profession and dealings.
682:of a monarch or other powerful person.
260:
192:
117:
58:
28:
2051:, in the famous 18th-century poems of
1616:(1742–1825), British courtesan and spy
1475:(1761–1816), British courtesan-actress
1319:List of Italian Renaissance courtesans
2030:Sha'ira, an asari "Consort" from the
1968:Odette de Crecy from Marcel Proust's
1585:(7 April 1768 – August 1824), Indian
1353:courtesan who was once lover to King
968:Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes
945:writer, wrote a series of dialogues (
7:
2065:in the ancient Indian Sanskrit play
1727:is considered a courtesan to Cassio.
1572:(1743–1793), French courtesan, last
1256:
1205:George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham
1153:
1119:
1100:
2440:The Cambridge Companion to Rossini
2415:"A brief history of the Courtesan"
1553:(1869–1950), French courtesan and
14:
2303:"a curtezane, a strumpet", orig.
1520:1792), Mexican courtesan-actress
1368:(15th-century), Korean courtesan
867:For social or political benefits
29:
2570:"Part VI: Introductory Remarks"
2547:Martha Feldman, Bonnie Gordon.
1840:that was turned into the opera
1764:In the Company of the Courtesan
1504:(1754?–1823), British courtesan
1417:(1840–1874), French courtesan;
965:wrote about a courtesan in his
953:(often politely referred to as
1653:(1745–1786), British courtesan
1647:(1872–1936), Chinese courtesan
1622:(1876–1917), courtesan and spy
1532:(1868–1965), Spanish courtesan
1510:(1786–1846), British courtesan
1432:(1839–1920), British courtesan
1357:and was depicted in the movie
961:diseases. The French novelist
873:Should not be confused with a
849:Courtesans with their servants
1:
1986:Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood
1965:novel of 1880 is a courtesan.
1915:Umrao Jaan in the Urdu novel
1374:,China Ming Dynasty courtesan
1337:
1302:
1260:
2579:Section about courtesans in
2342:("courtesan") uses the term
1853:Lysandra in the book series
1245:(fl. 73 BC), Roman courtesan
678:, a person who attended the
3197:Interpersonal relationships
2618:Interpersonal relationships
2424:(from icqurimage.com, 2005)
2305:woman attached to the court
1777:A Great and Terrible Beauty
1068:'s teachings she became an
3213:
2852:Queerplatonic relationship
2507:. New York: Broadway Books
2385:Gautam, Sanjay K. (2016).
2137:, contemporary counterpart
1940:Kama Sutra: A Tale of Love
1277:(高尾, 1640–1659), Japanese
21:Courtesan (disambiguation)
18:
2434:Osborne, Richard (2004).
2346:(literally "palace lady")
2275:Oxford English Dictionary
2241:"Definition of COURTESAN"
1446:Claudine Guérin de Tencin
1203:(c. 1613–1650): lover of
1005:and, after her death, an
909:, 1830) was described by
772:Courtesans or dancers of
2329:The Book of the Courtier
1661:Christian VII of Denmark
1565:Ludwig I of Bavaria
1349:(1546–1591): a Venetian
1031:Hans Holbein the Younger
1016:17th century and earlier
975:likewise wrote a novel,
947:Capricciosi ragionamenti
714:usage, the Italian word
2510:Hickman, Katie (2003).
2324:Castiglione, Baldassare
2280:Oxford University Press
2245:www.merriam-webster.com
1730:Bianca, who appears in
1485:, president of Paraguay
1379:18th and 19th centuries
2520:Lawner, Lynne (1987).
2130:Religious prostitution
2078:Vittoria Corombona in
1971:In Search of Lost Time
1866:Madame Gabrielle from
1483:Francisco Solano López
1400:
1390:
1331:
1299:Theodora (6th century)
1220:(1615–1705): lover of
1133:(fl. 1550): legendary
1037:
918:
855:
796:
16:Prostitute or mistress
2767:Friends with benefits
2666:Same-sex relationship
2364:University of Florida
2121:, concubine in Hebrew
2036:computer game series.
1921:and its adaptations,
1838:Alexandre Dumas, fils
1599:Marie-Louise O'Murphy
1396:
1386:
1328:
1023:
901:
847:
832:As primary employment
827:Differences in status
787:
454:Emotions and feelings
3123:Relationship anarchy
2661:Domestic partnership
2537:. London: Bloomsbury
2208:, in the Middle East
2154:, in the Middle East
2148:Similar professions
2143:, obedient flatterer
2053:Carl Michael Bellman
1874:. Touchstone, 2005.
1846:by Italian composer
1833:La Dame aux Camélias
1701:Angellica Bianca in
1538:(1819–1884), French
1436:Charlotte Slottsberg
1407:(1862–1941), Indian
959:sexually transmitted
19:For other uses, see
2930:Romantic friendship
2553:. pp. 312–352.
2202:, in historic Japan
2172:, in ancient Greece
1980:Assassin's Creed II
1884:Magda in Puccini's
1719:William Shakespeare
1355:Henry III of France
1233:(4th century BCE),
1222:the Prince of Condé
1209:the Prince of Condé
1179:(5th century BCE),
943:Italian Renaissance
841:is a good example.
608:Narcissistic parent
3075:Unconditional love
2924:Maîtresse-en-titre
2907:à la façon du pays
2575:2011-01-05 at the
2556:Sanjay K. Gautam.
2531:Rounding, Virginia
2420:2006-03-19 at the
2220:, in Ancient China
2184:, in ancient India
2009:Satine, played by
1872:Courtesan: A Novel
1868:Dora Levy Mossanen
1786:is a 26th-century
1737:The Vampire Armand
1686:Marguerite Alibert
1603:Louis XV of France
1578:Louis XV of France
1574:Maîtresse-en-titre
1401:
1391:
1332:
1289:(4th century BC),
1226:Gaspard de Coligny
1213:Cardinal Richelieu
1191:(killed 340 BCE),
1093:Arib al-Ma'muniyya
1038:
919:
856:
805:cortigiana di lume
797:
426:marital separation
3179:
3178:
3166:Domestic violence
2938:
2937:
2714:Open relationship
2656:Significant other
2524:New York: Rizzoli
2474:978-0-8131-0888-9
2190:,in ancient India
1983:. In its sequel,
1895:Indian literature
1893:Many examples in
1740:, is a courtesan.
1630:Gioachino Rossini
1608:Marthe de Florian
1430:Catherine Walters
1415:Blanche d'Antigny
1351:cortigiana onesta
1218:Ninon de l'Enclos
1042:Volumnia Cytheris
1035:Kunstmuseum Basel
985:Famous courtesans
928:Catherine Walters
812:cortigiane oneste
801:cortigiana onesta
656:
655:
613:Power and control
337:
336:
333:
332:
205:Significant other
185:Mixed-orientation
45:
3204:
2629:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2588:
2479:
2478:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2436:"Rossini's life"
2431:
2425:
2412:
2401:
2400:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2344:donna di palazzo
2320:
2314:
2313:
2288:
2286:
2266:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2237:
2212:Shamakhi dancers
2003:Kushiel's Legacy
1998:Jacqueline Carey
1925:Chandramukhi in
1674:Szczęsny Potocki
1670:Grigory Potemkin
1657:Støvlet-Cathrine
1626:Olympe Pélissier
1508:Harriette Wilson
1495:and mistress of
1493:William Hamilton
1359:Dangerous Beauty
1342:
1339:
1334:Tullia d'Aragona
1314:Byzantine Empire
1307:
1304:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1155:
1121:
1112:Faḍl al-Shāʻirah
1102:
1101:عَرِيب المأمونية
1082:of Salim (later
1064:, following the
991:royal mistresses
903:Olympe Pélissier
853:Lancelot Volders
732:donna di palazzo
648:
641:
634:
199:
56:
39:
33:
26:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3161:Dating violence
3142:
3133:Sexual activity
3079:
3023:
2934:
2878:
2803:
2782:One-night stand
2748:
2700:
2620:
2615:
2577:Wayback Machine
2566:
2544:
2542:Further reading
2488:
2483:
2482:
2475:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2422:Wayback Machine
2413:
2404:
2397:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2367:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2284:
2282:
2268:
2267:
2258:
2249:
2247:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2214:, in Azerbaijan
2109:Related topics
2106:
2085:The White Devil
1856:Throne of Glass
1825:Rurouni Kenshin
1698:
1682:
1651:Sophia Baddeley
1593:Marie Duplessis
1570:Madame du Barry
1381:
1347:Veronica Franco
1340:
1305:
1263:
1189:Lais of Hyccara
1177:Lais of Corinth
1165:Imperia Cognati
1103:, CE 797-890),
1078:(17th-century)
1026:Lais of Corinth
1018:
987:
896:
869:
834:
829:
789:Veronica Franco
782:
763:Japanese empire
688:
652:
623:
622:
583:
573:
572:
558:Sexual activity
521:
513:
512:
456:
446:
445:
412:
404:
403:
347:
339:
338:
329:
305:
291:Mutual monogamy
172:
151:
53:
38:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3210:
3208:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3184:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2989:
2984:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2920:
2918:Royal favorite
2915:
2913:Royal mistress
2910:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2777:Sexual partner
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2637:
2635:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2583:by Vatsayayana
2565:
2564:External links
2562:
2561:
2560:
2554:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2528:
2525:
2518:
2508:
2501:Griffin, Susan
2498:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2455:
2448:
2426:
2402:
2395:
2377:
2359:"Geisha Dolls"
2350:
2315:
2256:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2138:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2116:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2097:Diedrich Bader
2089:
2076:
2056:
2046:
2037:
2028:
2021:'s 2001 film,
2007:
1994:
1975:
1966:
1952:
1932:
1918:Umrao Jaan Ada
1891:
1882:
1864:
1851:
1848:Giuseppe Verdi
1829:
1817:
1804:
1781:
1772:
1755:
1741:
1728:
1712:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1663:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1632:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1596:
1590:
1580:
1567:
1558:
1555:Folies Bergère
1551:Liane de Pougy
1548:
1533:
1530:La Belle Otero
1527:
1521:
1514:Josefa Ordóñez
1511:
1505:
1499:
1486:
1476:
1473:Dorothy Jordan
1470:
1464:
1449:
1443:
1433:
1427:
1412:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1344:
1316:
1296:
1284:
1272:
1246:
1240:
1228:
1215:
1201:Marion Delorme
1198:
1186:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1143:
1141:Joseon Dynasty
1128:
1122:, d. 871 CE),
1109:
1090:
1084:Mughal emperor
1073:
1045:
1017:
1014:
986:
983:
939:Pietro Aretino
895:
892:
879:
878:
875:royal mistress
868:
865:
833:
830:
828:
825:
793:Paolo Veronese
781:
778:
750:, the Spanish
718:, feminine of
692:feudal society
687:
684:
670:, wealthy, or
654:
653:
651:
650:
643:
636:
628:
625:
624:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
584:
579:
578:
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574:
571:
570:
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478:
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419:
413:
410:
409:
406:
405:
402:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
375:
374:
372:Bachelor's Day
364:
359:
354:
348:
345:
344:
341:
340:
335:
334:
331:
330:
328:
327:
322:
317:
312:
306:
304:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
272:
269:
268:
258:
257:
256:
255:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
212:
207:
195:
194:
190:
189:
188:
187:
182:
181:
180:
178:Group marriage
171:
170:
169:
168:
163:
152:
150:
149:
144:
143:
142:
137:
126:
123:
122:
115:
114:
113:
112:
107:
102:
97:
96:
95:
90:
80:
75:
67:
66:
54:
51:
50:
47:
46:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3209:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3139:
3138:Transgression
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3014:Singles event
3012:
3010:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2867:Consequential
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2847:Platonic love
2845:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2762:Casual dating
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2719:Open marriage
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2612:
2607:
2605:
2600:
2598:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2517:
2516:HarperCollins
2513:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2476:
2470:
2466:
2459:
2456:
2451:
2449:9780521001953
2445:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2396:9780226348445
2392:
2388:
2381:
2378:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2093:Balls of Fury
2091:In the movie
2090:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2024:Moulin Rouge!
2020:
2016:
2015:Ewan McGregor
2012:
2011:Nicole Kidman
2008:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1991:Ezio Auditore
1988:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1937:'s 1996 film
1936:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1905:Sahibjaan in
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1880:0-7432-4678-0
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1861:Sarah J. Maas
1858:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1822:in the manga
1821:
1820:Komagata Yumi
1818:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1797:'s TV series
1796:
1792:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1705:'s 1677 play
1704:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1666:Zofia Potocka
1664:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:Rosalie Duthé
1633:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:Second Empire
1543:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:Grace Elliott
1500:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1489:Emma Hamilton
1487:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1462:Second Empire
1459:
1458:
1454:(1836–1886),
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1405:Binodini Dasi
1403:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1050:(5th century
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1000:
994:
992:
984:
982:
980:
979:
974:
970:
969:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
929:
924:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
894:Career length
893:
891:
887:
883:
877:
876:
871:
870:
866:
864:
860:
854:
850:
846:
842:
840:
831:
826:
824:
822:
816:
813:
808:
806:
802:
794:
790:
786:
779:
777:
775:
774:ancient India
770:
768:
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
747:
743:, the French
742:
741:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
697:
693:
685:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
649:
644:
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629:
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619:
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611:
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601:
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589:
586:
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582:
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576:
569:
566:
564:
563:Transgression
561:
559:
556:
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546:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
528:
527:
524:
523:
517:
516:
509:
506:
504:
501:
497:
496:Unconditional
494:
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467:
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394:Singles event
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245:
241:
238:
236:
235:Queerplatonic
233:
231:
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221:
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216:
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208:
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202:
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167:
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159:
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154:
153:
148:
147:Open marriage
145:
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71:
70:
69:
68:
65:
61:
57:
49:
48:
43:
37:
36:Relationships
32:
27:
22:
3108:Gold digging
2922:
2906:
2815:Acquaintance
2808:Non-romantic
2799:Sugar dating
2788:
2729:Polyfidelity
2706:Non-monogamy
2651:Cohabitation
2580:
2548:
2534:
2521:
2514:. New York:
2511:
2504:
2464:
2458:
2439:
2429:
2386:
2380:
2368:. Retrieved
2362:
2353:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2318:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2299:, in Florio
2296:
2292:
2290:
2283:. Retrieved
2273:
2248:. Retrieved
2244:
2235:
2160:, in Vietnam
2083:
2080:John Webster
2068:Mṛcchakatika
2066:
2049:Ulla Winblad
2040:
2031:
2022:
2019:Baz Luhrmann
2001:
1984:
1978:
1969:
1949:Indira Varma
1947:) and Maya (
1938:
1926:
1916:
1906:
1885:
1871:
1854:
1841:
1831:
1823:
1811:
1808:Herman Hesse
1798:
1775:
1774:In the book
1762:
1759:Sarah Dunant
1748:
1745:John Cleland
1735:
1722:
1706:
1680:20th century
1672:and wife of
1614:Mary Nesbitt
1583:Mah Laqa Bai
1539:
1524:Kitty Fisher
1517:
1467:The Countess
1455:
1440:Charles XIII
1422:
1388:Mary Nesbitt
1350:
1290:
1278:
1267:
1234:
1192:
1180:
1157:
1134:
1123:
1104:
1055:
1024:
995:
988:
976:
966:
957:) and other
946:
937:
933:
920:
888:
884:
880:
872:
861:
857:
848:
835:
817:
811:
809:
804:
800:
798:
771:
760:
755:
751:
744:
738:
736:
731:
727:
719:
715:
709:
690:In European
689:
659:
657:
319:
301:Polyfidelity
286:Non-monogamy
230:Life partner
220:Cohabitation
3171:Elder abuse
3156:Child abuse
3091:Bride price
3009:Meet market
2991:Separation
2739:Concubinage
2270:"Courtesan"
2166:, in Taiwan
2115:, in France
2059:Vasantasena
2033:Mass Effect
1843:La Traviata
1806:Kamala, in
1795:Joss Whedon
1784:Inara Serra
1639:dumb blonde
1561:Lola Montez
1516:(1728 – d.
1497:Lord Nelson
1479:Eliza Lynch
1372:Du Shiniang
1366:Yu Gam-dong
1341: 1510
1310:Justinian I
1156:, d. 841),
1120:فضل الشاعرة
971:(1838–47).
951:of syphilis
923:promiscuous
712:Renaissance
696:Renaissance
672:upper-class
526:Bride price
384:Meet market
315:Concubinage
100:Grandparent
3192:Courtesans
3186:Categories
3128:Repression
3118:Infidelity
3045:Compersion
3040:Attachment
2883:Historical
2874:Sycophancy
2825:Friendship
2772:Enjo kōsai
2754:Casual sex
2646:Girlfriend
2340:cortigiana
2336:cortigiano
2309:cortigiano
2307:, fem. of
2301:cortegiana
2297:cortigiana
2295:, ad. It.
2293:courtisane
2250:2021-01-19
2227:References
2182:Nagarvadhu
2178:, in Korea
2135:Sugar baby
2125:Prostitute
2063:nagarvadhu
1959:Emile Zola
1887:La rondine
1813:Siddhartha
1750:Fanny Hill
1703:Aphra Behn
1696:In fiction
1645:Sai Jinhua
1452:Cora Pearl
1419:Émile Zola
1398:Cora Pearl
1306: 500
1295:-courtesan
1283:-courtesan
1266:-870 CE),
1264: 815
1239:-courtesan
1197:-courtesan
1185:-courtesan
1171:Kanhopatra
1131:Hwang Jini
1060:dancer of
1057:nagarvadhu
973:Émile Zola
955:"smallpox"
839:Cora Pearl
780:Categories
728:courtisane
720:cortigiano
716:cortigiana
664:prostitute
568:Repression
553:Infidelity
466:Attachment
367:Engagement
346:Activities
240:Friendship
215:Girlfriend
193:Partner(s)
3113:Hypergamy
3084:Practices
3060:Limerence
2982:Annulment
2955:Courtship
2905:Marriage
2789:Courtesan
2724:Polyamory
2696:Widowhood
2641:Boyfriend
2581:Kamasutra
2196:,in India
2141:Sycophant
1963:eponymous
1935:Mira Nair
1899:Bollywood
1791:companion
1732:Anne Rice
1708:The Rover
1620:Mata Hari
1541:demimonde
1457:demimonde
1442:of Sweden
1003:Justinian
821:was aware
746:chevalier
705:favourite
701:courtship
660:courtesan
548:Hypergamy
520:Practices
508:Sexuality
481:Limerence
441:Widowhood
431:Annulment
357:Courtship
320:Courtesan
296:Polyamory
248:cross-sex
210:Boyfriend
161:Polyandry
3055:Jealousy
3050:Intimacy
3035:Affinity
3028:Emotions
2895:Seraglio
2890:Cicisbeo
2862:Familiar
2857:Stranger
2840:Siblings
2744:Mistress
2734:Polygamy
2691:Soulmate
2676:Marriage
2671:Monogamy
2633:Romantic
2573:Archived
2533:(2003).
2503:(2001).
2418:Archived
2119:Pilegesh
2113:Grisette
2104:See also
2082:'s play
1908:Pakeezah
1901:films:
1788:Alliance
1589:and poet
1536:La Païva
1411:-actress
1275:Takao II
1249:Shāriyah
1087:Jahangir
1076:Anarkali
1062:Vaishali
1048:Amrapali
1007:Orthodox
999:Theodora
819:husband
756:estrecho
740:cicisbeo
724:borrowed
676:courtier
618:Stalking
598:Domestic
491:Platonic
476:Jealousy
471:Intimacy
461:Affinity
325:Mistress
310:Cicisbeo
281:Monogamy
262:Intimate
244:romantic
225:Same-sex
166:Polygyny
156:Polygamy
120:marriage
64:adoptive
3070:Passion
3019:Wedding
3000:Marital
2987:Divorce
2977:Breakup
2965:Romance
2950:Bonding
2900:Plaçage
2830:Kinship
2681:Husband
2486:Sources
2370:8 April
2285:19 June
2176:Kisaeng
2170:Hetaera
2164:Gē-tòaⁿ
2073:Śūdraka
2006:novels.
1800:Firefly
1724:Othello
1557:-dancer
1330:status.
1312:of the
1292:hetaira
1243:Praecia
1236:hetaira
1194:hetaira
1182:hetaira
1139:of the
1136:gisaeng
1070:arahant
915:Rossini
752:cortejo
748:servant
686:History
668:courtly
666:with a
603:Elderly
541:service
503:Passion
436:Divorce
417:Breakup
411:Endings
399:Wedding
389:Romance
352:Bonding
242: (
135:Husband
105:Sibling
73:Kinship
60:Genetic
42:Outline
2970:Mating
2960:Dating
2943:Events
2835:Family
2794:Gigolo
2471:
2446:
2393:
2194:Tawaif
2188:Gaṇikā
2158:Ca trù
1928:Devdas
1923:tawaif
1913:tawaif
1903:tawaif
1878:
1715:Bianca
1690:Edward
1587:tawaif
1409:tawaif
1257:شارِية
1253:Arabic
1231:Phryne
1211:, and
1150:Arabic
1116:Arabic
1097:Arabic
1080:tawaif
1066:Buddha
963:Balzac
911:Balzac
907:Vernet
593:Dating
379:Mating
362:Dating
276:Casual
266:sexual
130:Spouse
110:Cousin
93:mother
88:father
83:Parent
78:Family
3148:Abuse
3101:Dowry
3096:Dower
2995:Legal
2820:Enemy
2625:Types
2206:Qiyān
2200:Oiran
2152:Almeh
2017:, in
1957:, in
1945:Rekha
1518:after
1287:Thaïs
1280:oiran
1269:qiyan
1159:qiyan
1154:عِنان
1146:ʽInān
1125:qiyan
1106:qiyan
1010:saint
941:, an
767:oiran
680:court
662:is a
588:Child
581:Abuse
536:dowry
531:dower
422:Legal
52:Types
3065:Love
2686:Wife
2469:ISBN
2444:ISBN
2391:ISBN
2372:2012
2287:2019
2218:Gējì
2061:, a
2042:Gigi
1955:Nana
1897:and
1876:ISBN
1769:Rome
1424:Nana
1224:and
978:Nana
810:The
486:Love
264:and
252:zone
140:Wife
2071:by
2000:'s
1961:'s
1859:by
1810:'s
1761:'s
1757:In
1747:'s
1743:In
1734:'s
1721:'s
1717:in
1576:of
1054:),
1052:BCE
1029:by
851:by
754:or
710:In
707:".
118:By
62:or
3188::
2405:^
2361:.
2332:.
2326:.
2289:.
2278:.
2272:.
2259:^
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2095:,
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1911:,
1870:.
1338:c.
1321::
1303:c.
1261:c.
1259:,
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1152::
1118::
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