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footnote clause in the invitation to tender document that said although statements (like the planning permission) ‘are believe to be correct their accuracy is not guaranteed’ errors would not annul the sale and pre-contract statements did not form part of the offer. Also, any purchaser should satisfy himself. Cremdean
Properties Ltd argued that the exclusion fell within
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a statement is not a representation unless it is also a statement that what is stated is true. If in context a statement contains no assertion, express or implied, that its content is accurate, there is no representation. Ergo, there can be no misrepresentation; ergo the
Misrepresentation Act 1967
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Bridge LJ held that the footnote was an exclusion clause within s 3. He noted that Nash’s argument that the footnote was effective to nullify representations in the document altogether (not just exclusions) resulted in no representation having ever been made. He said this argument altogether, and
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property from Nash. They wanted to develop it. They relied on representations by Nash’s agents that there was planning permission for 17,900 square feet (1,660 m) of offices. The true figure was much lower. Cremdean sought rescission or damages for misrepresentation. Nash sought to rely on a
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He added that it would be enough to go by ordinary interpretation principles, that the footnote was an exclusion. But even if an ingenious draftsman had said that ‘no representation is being made by our representations’ or something, s 3 could still not be circumvented.
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It is one thing to say that section 3 does not inhibit a principal from publicly giving notice limiting the ostensible authority of his agents; it is quite another thing to say that a principal can circumvent the plainly intended effect of s
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cannot apply to it. Humpty Dumpty would have fallen for this argument. If we were to fall for it, the
Misrepresentation Act would be dashed to pieces which not all the King’s lawyers could put together again.
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situation had no effect here, because the agents that published the documents always had Nash’s authority.
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Scarman LJ concurred. He said that the logic of Nash's argument was appealing that,
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that such a result would be ‘remarkable’. He distinguished that the
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Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd
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140:Cremdean Properties Ltd contracted to buy some
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479:Court of Appeal (England and Wales) cases
403:Unfair Commercial Practices Directive
128:and exclusion of liability under the
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245:Erlanger v New Sombrero Phosphate Co
474:English misrepresentation case law
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445:Misrepresentation in English law
429:Misrepresentation in English law
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484:1977 in United Kingdom case law
415:Unfair Trading Regulations 2008
334:Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Mardon
117:Cremdean Properties Ltd v Nash
93:(1977) 244 Estates Gazette 547
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236:(1766) 3 Burr 1905
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366:EWCA Civ 12
468:Categories
456:References
406:2005/29/EC
352:EWCA Civ 6
338:EWCA Civ 4
52:; try the
39:link to it
61:July 2019
42:. Please
304:1 QB 525
190:See also
153:Judgment
98:Keywords
90:Citation
394:UKHL 62
380:UKHL 10
147:MA 1967
142:Bristol
289:UKHL 4
273:UKHL 1
35:orphan
33:is an
451:Notes
136:Facts
132:s 3.
82:Court
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169:3…
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417:(
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59:(
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