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and owned by a joint-stock company at a cost of $ 35,000. This building is located on the lower end of Maumee street, and fronts directly on it. It is one hundred and fifteen feet and ten inches deep, by sixty-four feet and four inches wide, and built of such a height that the main hall will finish thirty-two feet in the clear. The principal audience room is at some little distance from the street, and is reached through an arched passage-way, on each side of which is an elegant and commodious store. It is eighty feet in depth and sixty-three feet wide, with a gallery on three sides containing three rows of seats, calculated to seat with comfort fifteen hundred people. In the erection of the gallery a new feature is introduced, which, by means of trusses, braces and iron ties, makes it self-supporting, and entirely does away with the necessity of columns or ungainly brackets to support it. There is a large stage, 30x32 feet, which is fitted up for theatrical exhibitions, with scenery, dressing-rooms, &c. In the arrangement of the scenery, some new ideas are carried out, several of the side scenes folding up, while the principal fines, five in number, are suspended from large cylinders overhead, being hoisted and lowered by means of machinery, completely doing away with the squeaking, rattling and confusion generally attendant upon the shifting and sliding of the different pieces, and as a whole scene is raised or lowered at once, the ridiculous gap often seen in the center of an elegant painting is obviated. In the basement are the furnaces for heating the building, a large storeroom capable of containing all the seats of the hall, when it is cleared for the benefit of those tripping the “light fantastic toe,” and a large dining room, which extends the entire length of the building. The ceiling and walls are to be frescoed, and if finished according to design, will present an elegant and tasteful appearance, reflecting much credit on the designers and owners, and the city. In the erection of the structure there is no attempt at the gaudy or gorgeous, everything in and about it is plain, sold
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in the Adrian Union Hall
Company, eventually becoming the majority shareholder; he then tasked his son, Charles Croswell Jr., with managing the theater. At this time it became known as Croswell's Opera House. Charles Croswell Jr. gave up the manager's job after his father's death in 1886, but although the possessive was dropped, the name stuck.
540:. In 1919, a projection booth was built onto the front of the building and a long arcade-style lobby was added; previously, patrons had to walk down a long alley from Maumee Street and wait outdoors before a show. In 1921, the original horseshoe-shaped balcony was torn out and replaced and the entire interior of the theater was redesigned.
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By the 1960s, however, the
Croswell faced increasing competition from drive-in theaters and television. A theater with about 1,000 seats — the Croswell's capacity at the time — but only one screen was impractical to operate. In March 1967, the Butterfield chain announced it would not renew its lease,
513:
During this season, notwithstanding the high wages, cost of lumber and all building materials, there have been many fine buildings, dwellinghouses and stores erected. The first one particularly attracting attention on entering the city from the depot is “Union Hall,” a large brick structure erected
407:
With
Butterfield's decision to pull out, the Croswell was in danger of being demolished. But Charlie Hickman, the owner of local manufacturing company Brazeway, stepped forward to buy the building, and a new nonprofit organization was chartered to take over its operation. The newly revived Croswell
371:
In the early 20th century, the
Croswell faced increasing competition from movie theaters. It was purchased in 1919 by Harry Angell and Robert Codd, who undertook two major renovations. The first, in 1919, converted the Croswell into a movie house. A long arcade-style lobby was added to the front of
354:
The
Croswell has gone by many different names. During its first few years of operation, the local newspaper usually referred to it as "New Hall." Around 1869, it started to be called the Opera House. When Charles Croswell retired as governor in 1881, he returned to Adrian and began buying up shares
388:
During World War II, the
Croswell raised more than $ 1 million for the war effort by holding "war bond premieres." The management would bring in a popular new film, and tickets were not for sale; only a newly purchased war bond would entitle a person to admission. Charity toy drives and children's
547:
From 1921 until the 1970s, only minor changes were made to the
Croswell's interior. In 1976, an addition was built on the back of the theater for a scene shop and offices. Two buildings on either side of the Croswell's front lobby were purchased in 1978 and 1979 and added to the theater, becoming
543:
Some of the theater's distinctive features include ornate plaster detailing around the entire auditorium, two tall organ towers on either side of the stage with decorate urns built into them, and large panels on the walls reminiscent of the ones that can be seen in
Brompton's RIviera Theatre.
489:
A capital campaign to renovate the theater was announced in May 2015, with changes to include new public spaces, more restrooms, Americans with
Disabilities Act improvements, and electrical and other infrastructure upgrades. Construction began in 2016 and the theater reopened in May 2017.
563:
and operates year-round, staging six to eight full-scale musicals per year, along with straight plays, children's theater, and occasional concerts. It is owned by the
Croswell Opera House and Fine Arts Association, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. Its artistic director since 2009 is Jere Righter.
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358:
A new lobby was added to the original building in 1882. In 1885, the theater's first electric lights were installed — just two of them — and the entire theater was outfitted for electricity in 1895. The lighting apparatus was designed by Harry A. Fee, who is better known for creating
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The physical appearance of the Croswell changed several times over the course of the 19th century. A 14-foot addition was built on the front of the theater in 1882, and the stage roof was raised in 1896 to accommodate more elaborate scenery.
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The Croswell offers a number of educational programs, including summer performance and technical theater camps, an all-area high school musical, paid summer internships for college students, and a variety of children's performances.
372:
the building, as was a projection booth. Then, in 1921, the original balcony was torn out and replaced and the entire auditorium remodeled. It was during this renovation that the Croswell's interior took on its modern appearance.
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The hall served many functions during its early years. It hosted concerts, lectures, festivals, and theatrical performances by both traveling troupes and amateur local groups. Famous speakers who visited the opera house included
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The Croswell Opera House, or Adrian Union Hall as it was originally called, was completed in 1866. It was financed by the Adrian Union Hall Company, whose stockholders included future Michigan governor
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That fall, a new group, the Croswell Players, was formed to continue offering theater during the fall, winter and spring. Eventually, the Croswell's summer and winter theater programs would merge.
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In 1970, the tradition of bringing high-profile speakers to Adrian to speak at the Croswell was revived. Speakers in the theater's Town Hall series, which ran from 1970 to 1996, included
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in nearby Franklin Township. In 1896, to meet the demands of that era's increasingly elaborate theatrical productions, the stage was expanded and the roof above the stage raised.
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The majority of shows produced at the Croswell are musicals. A live orchestra, rather than recorded music, is employed for all of the theater's full-length musicals.
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269:. It is recognized as the oldest theater in the state and among the oldest continuously operating theaters in the United States. The theater was designated as a
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and substantial. It was designed by H. N. White, of Syracuse, New York, and erected under the supervision of Mr. Smith, a master-builder of this city.
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379:, which would continue to operate it for the next 40 years. It was wired for sound in 1929; the first talking picture shown was
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The 1919 and 1921 renovations were directed by architect J.C. Brompton, who also designed the Riviera Theatre in
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599:, a play by Terry Hissong that was named one of Writer's Digest magazine's top plays of the year (2009).
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In addition to established works, the Croswell has premiered several new plays and musicals, including:
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Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Michigan
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Writing some time later, local historian R.I. Bonner reported that the Croswell was patterned after
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and owner Harry Angell put the building up for sale. The last movie of the Butterfield era,
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299:. Its first public event, taking place on March 19, was a lecture by temperance advocate
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staged its first summer season of live theater in 1968, beginning with a production of
224:
1979:
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605:, a musical retelling of the Frankenstein story, by Michael and Betsy Lackey (2011).
69:
1935:
University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
522:
505:. In 1865, while the theater was still under construction, a correspondent for the
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340:
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932:"Croswell Opera House planning renovations, sets $ 6.2 million fundraising goal"
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Saint Michael and All Angels' Episcopal Church and Cambridge Township Cemetery
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The theater was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
493:
The 2017 season marked the Croswell's 50th summer as a producing theater.
1459:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Lenawee County, Michigan
998:
Bonner, R.I. (January 12, 1918). "Geo. Bonner and Croswell Opera House".
266:
148:
560:
426:
258:
1930:
List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
2036:
Opera houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
857:
A History of the Croswell Opera House in Adrian, Michigan, 1900-1920
774:. Adrian, Michigan: Croswell Opera House and Fine Arts Association.
1070:"Lackeys' 'Obsession' comes to life on Croswell Opera House stage"
2026:
National Register of Historic Places in Lenawee County, Michigan
1125:
840:"Up-to-date improvements in the stage of Croswell Opera House".
825:"Electrical effects utilized in lighting Adrian's opera house".
1475:
1161:
1015:"Breakfast at Frannie's based on former Adrian breakfast spot"
698:
1152:
772:
Behind the Curtain: 150 Years at Michigan's Oldest Theater
629:
Theater professionals with a Croswell background include:
1986:
Buildings and structures in Lenawee County, Michigan
859:. East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan State University.
593:, a musical by Don Wilson and Dave Zabriskie (2004).
331:. During the 19th century it hosted performances by
1910:
1889:
1863:
1822:
1555:
1532:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1509:
1268:
1199:
1040:"2008 Stage Play Script Winner | WritersDigest.com"
697:. National Park Service. 2009-03-13. Archived from
633:Tobin Ost, scenic designer who was nominated for a
243:
235:
230:
217:
207:
203:
H.N. White (1866); John C. Brompton (1919 and 1921)
199:
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154:
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650:Leah Crocetto, opera singer, a 2010 winner of the
548:space for rehearsals, offices and an art gallery.
1563:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
2006:Tourist attractions in Lenawee County, Michigan
2001:Michigan State Historic Sites in Lenawee County
1955:National Register of Historic Places portal
1463:List of National Historic Landmarks in Michigan
587:, a musical by Michael and Betsy Lackey (1985).
1231:John W. and Erena Alexander Rogers Keeney Farm
1487:
1340:George B. and Amanda Bradish Horton Farmstead
1173:
661:Shonn Wiley, a member of the Chicago cast of
652:Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions
8:
1991:Buildings and structures in Adrian, Michigan
1221:Downtown Adrian Commercial Historic District
1096:"2017 Croswell Opera House season announced"
667:and founding member of Under the Streetlamp.
343:; the early 20th century saw appearances by
118:
90:
870:"Croswell Theater to re-open December 24".
656:José Iturbi International Music Competition
1494:
1480:
1472:
1430:Saint Mary of Good Counsel Catholic Church
1180:
1166:
1158:
724:"Adrian Union Hall / Croswell Opera House"
1503:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
509:visited Adrian and gave this description:
35:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
958:"Renovated Croswell Opera House reopens"
501:The Croswell was originally designed by
273:on March 2, 1976 and later added to the
126:Croswell Opera House (the United States)
1330:First Presbyterian Church of Blissfield
987:"Detroit Free Press". October 11, 1865.
677:
1290:Adrian Union Hall-Croswell Opera House
1216:Dennis-State Streets Historic District
885:"Big crowd attends Croswell opening".
717:
715:
691:"National Register Information System"
685:
683:
681:
279:Adrian Union Hall-Croswell Opera House
27:Adrian Union Hall-Croswell Opera House
18:
1400:Murray D. Van Wagoner Memorial Bridge
1094:Bachanov, Arlene (December 8, 2016).
1068:Bachanov, Arlene (November 2, 2011).
1013:Bachanov, Arlene (November 8, 2009).
765:
261:located at 129 East Maumee Street in
98:Location within the state of Michigan
7:
1189:National Register of Historic Places
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
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751:
749:
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745:
695:National Register of Historic Places
275:National Register of Historic Places
1390:Lorenzo and Ruth Wells Palmer House
1246:Tecumseh Downtown Historic District
375:The Croswell was leased in 1927 by
212:Downtown Adrian Commercial District
1918:National Historic Preservation Act
1410:Raisin Valley Friends Meetinghouse
1211:Clinton Downtown Historic District
1126:"Education | Croswell Opera House"
930:Bachanov, Arlene (June 12, 2015).
611:, a play by Terry Hissong (2017).
14:
1226:Hudson Downtown Historic District
855:Kiersey, Stephen Francis (1977).
2011:Event venues established in 1866
1960:
1959:
1948:
1375:John Pennington–Henry Ford House
1259:
956:Bachanov, Arlene (May 7, 2017).
842:Adrian Daily Times and Expositor
827:Adrian Daily Times and Expositor
812:Adrian Daily Times and Expositor
399:, closed on September 16, 1967.
389:food matinees were also common.
117:
110:
89:
82:
68:
2021:1866 establishments in Michigan
1350:Governor Charles Croswell House
1871:Federated States of Micronesia
1517:Architectural style categories
1236:Saint Joseph Church and Shrine
219:
1:
900:"Movies by TV? It irks him".
129:Show map of the United States
1425:Saint John's Lutheran Church
1370:Jackson Branch Bridge No. 15
1046:. 2008-11-03. Archived from
57:Michigan State Historic Site
16:United States historic place
795:Cleveland, Charles (1866).
591:The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
2057:
2041:W. S. Butterfield Theatres
2016:Theatres completed in 1866
1923:Historic Preservation Fund
1902:American Legation, Morocco
1405:Nathaniel S. Wheeler House
1251:Tecumseh Historic District
722:State of Michigan (2009).
1943:
1864:Lists by associated state
1453:
1385:Lenawee County Courthouse
1280:Adrian Engine House No. 1
1257:
482:, and "Dear Abby" author
377:W.S. Butterfield Theatres
218:NRHP reference
76:
67:
63:
54:
41:
32:
25:
21:
1845:Northern Mariana Islands
1420:Saint Elizabeth's Church
1193:Lenawee County, Michigan
1360:Heman R. Goodrich House
1335:Gamaliel Thompson House
1325:Dr. Samuel Catlin House
654:and 2009 winner of the
433:Once More, With Feeling
418:. This was followed by
403:Revival of live theater
367:The movie theater years
1840:Minor Outlying Islands
1823:Lists by insular areas
1537:Keeper of the Register
1435:Samuel W. Temple House
1320:Dr. Leonard Hall House
597:Breakfast at Frannie's
519:
313:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
301:John Bartholomew Gough
271:Michigan Historic Site
142:129 East Maumee Street
44:U.S. Historic district
1542:National Park Service
1522:Contributing property
1345:George J. Kempf House
1310:David Carpenter House
1285:Adrian Public Library
1000:Adrian Daily Telegram
915:"Croswell for sale".
887:Adrian Daily Telegram
872:Adrian Daily Telegram
814:. September 29, 1882.
511:
345:Mrs. Patrick Campbell
176:41.89861°N 84.03583°W
48:Contributing property
1996:Theatres in Michigan
1897:District of Columbia
1445:William Hayden House
1395:Musgrove Evans House
1380:Joseph E. Hall House
1153:Croswell Opera House
1130:Croswell Opera House
1106:on December 10, 2016
889:. September 2, 1921.
874:. December 20, 1919.
770:Gable, Erik (2016).
616:Educational programs
503:Horatio Nelson White
415:Barefoot in the Park
255:Croswell Opera House
244:Designated MSHS
101:Show map of Michigan
1305:Clark Memorial Hall
904:. February 7, 1967.
361:Hidden Lake Gardens
329:Ralph Waldo Emerson
281:on April 18, 1985.
181:41.89861; -84.03583
172: /
1365:Irish Hills Towers
1355:G. P. Sparks House
1300:Civil War Memorial
1295:Brookside Cemetery
1100:The Daily Telegram
1074:The Daily Telegram
1019:The Daily Telegram
962:The Daily Telegram
936:The Daily Telegram
917:The Daily Telegram
902:The Daily Telegram
829:. August 20, 1895.
810:"Tea-Table Talk".
559:The Croswell is a
507:Detroit Free Press
452:Arianna Huffington
396:The Sound of Music
325:Henry Ward Beecher
317:Frederick Douglass
1973:
1972:
1527:Historic district
1469:
1468:
1415:S. Walker's Hotel
1044:WritersDigest.com
919:. March 23, 1967.
797:Unpublished diary
781:978-0-692-80582-4
561:producing theater
341:Buffalo Bill Cody
337:John Philip Sousa
251:
250:
231:Significant dates
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1876:Marshall Islands
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1102:. Archived from
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964:. Archived from
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844:. July 25, 1896.
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726:. Archived from
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709:
707:
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641:for his work on
625:Prominent alumni
484:Pauline Phillips
421:Summer and Smoke
309:Susan B. Anthony
297:Charles Croswell
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1315:Davenport House
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968:on May 13, 2017
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730:on May 11, 2012
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609:The Family Digs
585:A Dragon's Tale
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568:Musical theater
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480:Charlton Heston
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1556:Lists by state
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1547:Property types
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1890:Other areas
1850:Puerto Rico
1684:Mississippi
1599:Connecticut
664:Jersey Boys
555:Current use
472:Bella Abzug
468:Jeane Dixon
460:Julian Bond
456:Ralph Nader
382:Weary River
349:Maude Adams
333:Edwin Booth
321:Thomas Nast
179: /
155:Coordinates
1980:Categories
1799:Washington
1719:New Mexico
1714:New Jersey
1589:California
1272:properties
1135:2016-12-11
1054:2016-12-11
705:2010-07-30
672:References
635:Tony Award
410:Neil Simon
167:84°02′09″W
164:41°53′55″N
1809:Wisconsin
1774:Tennessee
1679:Minnesota
1654:Louisiana
1456:See also:
1203:districts
603:Obsession
200:Architect
1965:Category
1794:Virginia
1744:Oklahoma
1724:New York
1699:Nebraska
1689:Missouri
1674:Michigan
1664:Maryland
1649:Kentucky
1629:Illinois
1604:Delaware
1594:Colorado
1584:Arkansas
1270:Historic
1201:Historic
734:June 26,
527:Syracuse
267:Michigan
225:85000839
149:Michigan
139:Location
1911:Related
1814:Wyoming
1789:Vermont
1694:Montana
1634:Indiana
1614:Georgia
1609:Florida
1579:Arizona
1569:Alabama
972:May 27,
941:May 27,
644:Newsies
427:Oliver!
285:History
277:as the
259:theater
208:Part of
1749:Oregon
1704:Nevada
1644:Kansas
1619:Hawaii
1574:Alaska
1510:Topics
778:
430:, and
339:, and
327:, and
263:Adrian
145:Adrian
1881:Palau
1779:Texas
1659:Maine
1624:Idaho
192:Built
1835:Guam
1784:Utah
1739:Ohio
1639:Iowa
1461:and
1112:2016
1081:2016
1026:2016
974:2017
943:2017
776:ISBN
736:2010
639:2012
347:and
253:The
195:1866
1191:in
637:in
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220:No.
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