116:, made from the same mold as three others found at the Dura-Europos site. It depicts Aphrodite, clad in only breast ornamentation and bracelets, staring at herself in a mirror. This relief is made of plaster and used to be brightly painted, as is evident from the red markings that remain. It has been theorized that this depiction of the fertility goddess found in the brothel was symbolic of the professions of the prostitutes working there, but the fact that similar depictions have been found all over the Dura-Europos site discredits this.
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architecture, as is seen in those found in
Pompeii and Athens. Although it is clear that prostitutes did in fact work in this building, this was ultimately a house of entertainment in several forms. However, the idea of it as a brothel has caught on and become sensationalized in the archeological world, leading to its name today.
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There is some argument over whether or not this site should be referred to as a brothel, considering that it was home to several other entertainers that were not prostitutes. The traditional architecture of this building contributes to this argument, as most brothels at the time had a unique
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lists 63 names total, listed under different groups. Some of these groups consisted of those officially in the organization, new arrivals and departures, and slaves. A few of the listed occupations of these entertainers were tragedians, dancers, a dice-player, and several performers of mime.
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The depictions of deities in Dura-Europos tended to be a mixture of cultures, as Dura-Europos itself was a place of mixed cultures. The city was founded by the Greeks, then taken over by
Parthians, then by the Romans, under whose occupation the city eventually fell to a
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siege. This led to a highly diverse population that had mixed imagery of deities. Despite the fact that the Greeks were far removed from most of the development of Dura-Europos, Aphrodite and
Heracles remained the two most frequently portrayed deities.
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The brothel's architectural structure is similar to the other houses excavated at this site, but several other factors have been used to identify this building to be a brothel. Generally, brothels have been identified in other Greco-Roman sites, like
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Due to the sheer number of people listed on this dipinto, it is likely that many of these entertainers lived in the nearby houses. Evidence for this includes a reserve of coins, many of which were from
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The relief of
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The inner lives of ancient houses : an archaeology of Dura-Europos
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215:. Los Angeles: Institute of Archaeology, University of California.
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247:The discovery of Dura-Europos
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114:Aphrodite
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