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which may be able to reduce pain, decrease anxiety, and increase relaxation. Since dance requires learning and involves becoming active and discovering capacities for movement, there is also the physical training that could provide benefits as well. Dancing may be considered more uplifting and enjoyable than other types of exercise. Dance therapy can also involve nonverbal communication, "which enables participants to express their feelings without words. This might be helpful when normal communication is absent or has broken down (eg, for patients with
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countries, and collaborates with other art therapy organizations. The ADMP UK is providing dance therapy to the community which can be done individually or in group sessions. They use Dance
Movement Psychotherapy (DMP), which explains how body movement is a key instrument of expression and communication, throughout these sessions. DMP can support trust within the relationships in your life, the potential for you to physically and spiritually grow within yourself, and the discovery of who you truly are.
356:, DMT aims to foster a sense of wholeness among participants. The body refers to the "discharging of energy through muscular-skeletal responses to stimuli received by the brain." The mind refers to "mental activities...such as memory, imagery, perception, attention, evaluation, reasoning and decision making." The spirit refers to the "subjectively experienced feeling of engaging in or empathically observing dancing."
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based on non-verbal cues such as body language. Movement is believed to have a symbolic function and as such can aid in understanding the self. Movement improvisation allows the client to experiment with new ways of being and DMT provides a manner or channel in which the client can consciously understand early relationships with negative experiences through non-verbal mediation by the therapist.
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Austria, Czech
Republic, Finland, France, Switzerland, Ukraine and associate members in Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Israel, Portugal, Romania and Sweden. Their mission statement is to work extremely hard to continue the development of dance therapy and the legal recognition of this practice. This association aims to exchange ideas and collaborate with other countries about dance therapy.
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Dance has been used therapeutically for thousands of years. It has been used as a healing ritual in the influence of fertility, birth, sickness, and death since early human history. Over the period from 1840 to 1930, a new philosophy of dance developed in Europe and the United States, defined by the
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Various hypothesis have been proposed for mechanisms by which dance therapy may benefit participants. There is a social component to dance therapy, which can be valuable for psychological functioning through human interaction. Another possible mechanism is the music that is used during the session,
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The theory of DMT is based mainly upon the belief that body and mind interact. Both conscious and unconscious movement of the person, based on the dualist mind body premise, affects total control, and also reflects the individual's personality. Therefore, the therapist-client relationship is partly
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The
European Association of Dance Movement Therapy is an umbrella association which represents national professional bodies for Dance Movement Therapy in Europe. It represents members in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Spain and the UK; with partial members in
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The
Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy, United Kingdom (ADMP UK) was one of the first organizations established to regulate the field of dance therapy. ADMP UK accredits therapists and oversees that all regulations are followed. The association actively promotes dance in the UK and other
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The Korean Dance
Therapy Association was established in 1993 by Dr. Ryu Boon Soon as the first dance therapy association in South Korea. It was modeled after the structure of the ADTA and provides education, credentialing, and professional development opportunities to dance therapists in Korea.
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Dance/movement therapy, alone and in conjunction with other forms of therapy, has been shown to be an effective form of treatment for anxiety and anxiety related disorders across age ranges and across a wide population of individuals. Certain studies show that dance movement therapy has been an
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All master's degrees in the UK and the USA require clinical placements, personal therapy and supervision, as well as experiential and theoretical learning, and typically require between 2 and 3 years to complete. Upon completion of a
Masters graduates are eligible to register as Dance Movement
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ADMP UK is the main regulator of the required education and training in order to become a dance/movement therapist in the UK. The ADMP is also a member of the
European Association Dance Movement Therapy (EADMT). To become a licensed dance/movement therapist, a Master’s Degree in Dance Movement
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also publishes the
American Journal of Dance Therapy and sponsors annual professional conferences. According to the ADTA, movement is considered to be a language which allows our body. mind, and spirit to communicate. There are recorded webinars that you can watch at any point in time that can
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Dance movement therapists frequently use props during sessions to support grounding skills and to increase clients' awareness of their bodies and personal boundaries. These props might include blankets, sensory balls, weighted blankets, colorful scarves, coloring pencils, and resistance bands.
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is required to become a dance/movement therapist. "Registered Dance/Movement
Therapist" (R-DMT) is the title given to entry-level dance/movement therapists who have completed requisite education and a minimum 700-hour supervised clinical internship. Those who have completed over 2400 hours of
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EADMT is the main regulator of the required education and training in order to become a dance/movement therapist in the EU. DMT training is taught in private and university settings across the EU in countries that include
Austria, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, the
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Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Introductory course training in DMT ranges from 10–120 hours. These hours vary based on country. Full university accreditation courses at the bachelor’s and postgraduate levels range from 2–4 years.
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idea that movement could have an effect on the mover vis-a-vis that dance was not simply an expressive art. There is a general opinion that Dance/movement as active imagination was originated by Jung in 1916, developed in the 1960s by dance therapy pioneer
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Some dance therapists use codified dance styles, like ballet, folk dance, and contemporary dance. Majority of dance therapists work within a kinetic framework of creative and expressive movement practices, incorporating structured improvisation.
782:, an organization which she and several other DMT pioneers founded. According to the ADTA, dance is "the psychotherapeutic use of movement as a process which furthers the emotional, social, cognitive, and physical integration of the individual."
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Dunphy, K., Federman, D., Fischman, D., Gray, A., Puxeddu, V., Zhou, T. Y., & Dumaresq, E. (2022). Dance therapy Today: An overview of the profession and its practice around the world. Creative Arts in Education and Therapy, 7(2), 158–186.
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Illumination: process which is integrated through conscious awareness via dialogue with witness, self-reflection in which the participant uncovers and resolves subconscious motivations, increased self awareness, can have positive and negative
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DMT/P methodology is fairly heterogenous and practitioners draw on a variety of psychotherapeutic and kinetic principles. Most training in Dance Movement Therapy will have an established theoretical base which they work from – for example
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It is also possible to register as a Dance Movement Therapist/Psychotherapist without a DMT/DMP Masters. This usually requires equilvilant psychotherapeutic training and substantial experience of applying dance into therapeutic settings.
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Typically becoming a dance therapist requires a graduate degree of at least a Master's level. There is no specific undergraduate degree, however many practitioners hold undergraduate degrees fields in, or related to, psychology or dance.
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educate and give you more knowledge about the dance therapy field. Along with this, there are also live webinars that you can purchase which allow you to receive a deeper education about how you can use dance therapy in your daily life.
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and movement had on her students. The reported feelings of wellbeing from her students began to attract the attention of the medical community, and some local doctors began sending patients to her classes. She was soon asked to work at
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and other therapists started practicing the therapy in 1940. The actual establishment of dance as a therapy and as a profession occurred in the 1950s, beginning with future American Dance Therapy Association founder Marian Chace.
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The second wave of Dance Movement Therapy came around the 1970s to the 1980s and it sparked much interest from American therapists. During this time, therapists began to experiment with the psychotherapeutic applications of
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The EADMT training standard criteria were adopted by the EADMT General Assembly in Barcelona, Spain in 2017. These criteria help DMT programs meet best practice and achieve high quality DMT practitioners across Europe.
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Preparation: the warm-up stage, a safe space is established without obstacles nor distractions, a supportive relationship with a witness is formed, comfort for participants to be familiar with moving with their eyes
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Incubation: leader verbally prompts participant to go into subconscious, open-ended imagery used to create an internal environment that is catered to the participant, relaxed atmosphere, symbolic movements.
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effective form of anxiety treatment for those with and without intellectual disabilities and musculoskeletal disorders. It has also been shown to be effective at reducing aggression in young children.
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was founded in 1966 as an organization to support the emerging profession of dance/movement therapy and is the only U.S. organization dedicated to the profession of dance/movement therapy.
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Additionally since a variety of populations may be encountered in DMT/P, methods are adapted to meet the needs of the circumstances and clients and this further reduces standardisation.
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Psychotherapy (DMP) is required. There are three DMP training programs in the UK – at the Goldsmiths University of London, University of Roehampton in London, and University of Derby.
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Strassel, Juliane; Daniel Cherkin; Lotte Steuten; Karen Sherman; Hubertus Vrijhoef (May–June 2011). "A Systematic Review of the Evidence for the Effectiveness of Dance Therapy".
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Ekman, S.-L.; Palo Bengtsson, L. and Winblad, B.; Ekman, S.-L. (1998). "Social Dancing: A Way to Support Intellectual, Emotional and Motor Functions in Persons with Dementia".
995:"Effect of both dance exergame and a traditional exercise on state anxiety and enjoyment in women - The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2022 April;62(4):560-7"
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1594:"Elissa Queyquep White, visiting professor of dance/movement therapy and an originator of the field, shares the fundamental, transformative power of dance across generations"
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Devereaux, Christina; Kleinman, Susan; Johnson, Grace Marie Mangino; Witzling, Kelsey (7 November 2016). "American Dance Therapy Association Historical Timeline: 1966-2016".
557:, Elissa Queyquep White, Claire Schmais, and other pioneers in dance movement. Along with setting standards for which therapists must attain to become licensed therapists,
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Morais, N. S.; Viana, R. B.; Silva, W. F.; Santos, D. A.; Costa, T. G.; Campos, M. H.; Vieira, C. A.; Vancini, R. L.; Andrade, M. S.; Gentil, P.; De Lira, C. A. (2022).
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363:. This therapy seeks to deepen clients' self-awareness through a meditative process that involves movement, motion, and realization through exploration of one's body.
1251:"The effect of dancing interventions on depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress in adults without musculoskeletal disorders: An integrative review and meta-analysis"
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Dance movement therapy works to improve the social skills, as well as relational dynamics among the clients that choose to participate in it to better improve their
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once psychiatrists too realized the benefits their patients were receiving from attending Chace's dance classes. In 1966 Chace became the first president of the
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Strassel, JK; Cherkin, DC; Steuten, L; Sherman, KJ; Vrijhoef, HJ (May–June 2011). "A systematic review of the evidence for the effectiveness of dance therapy".
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spearheaded the movement of dance in the medical community as a form of therapy. She is considered the principal founder of what is now dance therapy in the
1108:"A preliminary study using a mobile app as a dance/movement therapy intervention to reduce anxiety and enhance the mindfulness of adolescents in South Korea"
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Takahashi, Hideki; An, Mi; Matsumura, Tamako; Seki, Mihoko; Ogawa, Yuuya; Sasai, Takehiro; Matsushima, Kanae; Tabata, Ami; Kato, Toshihiro (1 June 2023).
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There are insufficient high quality trials to assess the effect of DMT on behavioral, social, cognitive and emotional symptoms in people with dementia.
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Therapists/Psychotherapists with their professional associations. In the UK graduates may also register with the UK Council of Psychotherapists(UKCP).
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1194:"Effectiveness of Dance/Movement Therapy Intervention for Children with Intellectual Disability at an Early Childhood Special Education Preschool"
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etc. Depending on the approach or combinations of approaches practitioners work from very different processes and aims will be worked towards.
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were created in order to uphold high standards in the field of DMT. Such organizations help connect individuals to therapists and DMT.
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2015:
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Allied professions are areas that a person could do, special studies, short courses, or eventually become trained in the area of DMT.
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Bonnie Meekums, a second wave dance therapist, described four stages of the therapy process, based on her experience in the field:
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supervised professional clinical work may apply for the advanced credential "Board Certified Dance/Movement Therapist (BC-DMT).
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The Nederlandse Vereniging voor Danstherapie supports the interests of dance movement therapists based in The Netherlands.
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is the main regulator of the required education and training in order to become a dance/movement therapist in the USA. A
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Additionally to the psychotherapeutic basis of their work, different approaches to movement and dance may be employed.
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Commonly requirements on mosts DMT/P graduate programmes are Movement Analysis and Profiling, human development and
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Schwartz, H. (1992) "Torque: The new kinaesthetic of the twentieth century". In Crary, J. and S. Kwinter (Ed.)
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Schore, A. (1994). "affect regulation and the origin of the self: the neurobiology of emotional development".
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2007:
Authentic Movement: Moving the Body, Moving the Self, Being Moved: A Collection of Essays - Volume Two
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Karkou, Vicky; Aithal, Supritha; Richards, Michael; Hiley, Ellean; Meekums, Bonnie (7 August 2023).
1298:"Moving toward Integration : Group Dance / Movement Therapy with Children in Anger and Anxiety"
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Erwin-Grabner, Tracy; Goodill, Sherry W.; Hill, Ellen Schelly; Von Neida, Kristen (1 March 1999).
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and movement. As a result of the therapists' experiments, DMT was then categorized as a form of
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1049:"The effects of physical exercise on anxiety symptoms of college students: A meta-analysis"
549:(ADTA) was founded in 1966 in order to uphold high standards throughout dance therapy. The
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1394:. Reston, VA: The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance.
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to support intellectual, emotional, and motor functions of the body. As a modality of the
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NVDAT (Nederlandse Vereniging voor Danstherapie-Dutch Dance Movement Therapy Association)
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Meekums, Bonnie, Dance Movement Therapy, (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc.).
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1980:"Dance Therapy and Depth Psychology: The Moving Imagination (Paperback) - Routledge"
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Koolaee, Anahita Khodabakhshi; Sabzian, Mehrnoosh; Tagvaee, Davood (November 2014).
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Evaluation: discuss insights and significance of the process, prepare to end therapy
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Clients also often can select the type of music they prefer for the session.
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799:. It was from this second wave that today's Dance Movement Therapy evolved.
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Salihu, Dauda; Kwan, Rick Yiu Cho; Wong, Eliza Mi Ling (1 November 2021).
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DMT is practiced in a large variety of locations. Such locations include:
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keeps an updated registry of all movement/dance therapists who have met
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if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
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Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
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749:. In 1942, through her work, dance was first introduced to western
1147:"Effectiveness of Dance/Movement Therapy on Reducing Test Anxiety"
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Hanna, Judith (2007). "The Power of Dance: Health and Healing".
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320:, DMT looks at the correlation between movement and emotion.
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Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy, United Kingdom
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Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy, United Kingdom
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Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
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was created by Marian Chace, the first president of the
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About KDTA. Korean Dance Therapy Association. (n.d.).
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Dance Movement Therapy: Theory, Research, and Practice
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The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
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2010:. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. p. 33.
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The Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy UK
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The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
868:"Dance Movement Therapy Association of Australasia"
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2877:Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
1106:Ko, Kyung Soon; Lee, Woo Kyeong (September 2023).
1439:European Association for Dance Movement Therapy.
2867:Association for the Advancement of Psychotherapy
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1551:
919:Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
2882:Association for Behavior Analysis International
893:"Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy"
682:European Association of Dance Movement Therapy
101:Please review the contents of the article and
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8:
1806:http://www.kdmta.org/en/kdta/introduce01.php
1744:Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy
1716:Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy
1691:Association for Dance Movement Psychotherapy
1506:Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
1476:Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
1255:Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
951:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1821:Dance Movement Therapy: Theory and Practice
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1333:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
583:European Association Dance Movement Therapy
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
27:Psychotherapeutic use of movement and dance
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207:. Please do not remove this message until
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245:Learn how and when to remove this message
227:Learn how and when to remove this message
203:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1794:https://doi.org/10.15212/caet/2021/7/13
1740:"What is Dance Movement Psychotherapy?"
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2887:European Association for Psychotherapy
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2004:Pallaro, Patrizia (15 January 2007).
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1545:. American Dance Therapy Association.
1392:Dance Movement Therapy: A Healing Art
1329:"Dance movement therapy for dementia"
765:, Chace began to realize the effects
653:American Association of Dance Therapy
7:
843:"American Dance Therapy Association"
2172:Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
2040:American Dance Therapy Association.
279:
2892:Society for Psychotherapy Research
2120:Transference focused psychotherapy
780:American Dance Therapy Association
719:American Dance Therapy Association
547:American Dance Therapy Association
542:American Dance Therapy Association
536:American Dance Therapy Association
25:
2177:Rational emotive behavior therapy
2150:Functional analytic psychotherapy
2145:Acceptance and commitment therapy
1621:"What is Dance/Movement Therapy?"
1560:American Journal of Dance Therapy
1198:American Journal of Dance Therapy
1151:American Journal of Dance Therapy
931:10.1046/j.1365-2850.1998.560545.x
45:This article has multiple issues.
1768:"mission statement and statutes"
980:10.1097/00004583-199611000-00028
598:Korean Dance Therapy Association
182:
167:
75:
34:
2897:World Council for Psychotherapy
1687:"Values, Aims & Objectives"
1676:. Hove, East Sussex: Routledge.
53:or discuss these issues on the
1345:10.1002/14651858.CD011022.pub3
1302:Middle East Journal of Nursing
1011:10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12237-6
103:add the appropriate references
1:
2110:Mentalization-based treatment
1908:"training standards criteria"
1047:Lin, Yanru; Gao, Wei (2023).
2167:Dialectical behavior therapy
2157:Cognitive behavioral therapy
386:Cognitive behavioral therapy
302:dance movement psychotherapy
2197:Emotionally focused therapy
209:conditions to do so are met
88:reliable medical references
2954:
2468:Systematic desensitization
2397:Practitioner–scholar model
2140:Clinical behavior analysis
1933:"Undergraduate Coursework"
1847:. American Cancer Society.
1267:10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101467
1210:10.1007/s10465-022-09356-3
1066:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136900
534:Organizations such as the
300:) in USA and Australia or
1572:10.1007/s10465-016-9239-8
1441:"Membership Requirements"
1124:10.1016/j.aip.2023.102062
1112:The Arts in Psychotherapy
753:. Chace was originally a
280:
94:or relies too heavily on
2479:Other individual therapy
1824:. Taylor & Francis.
772:St. Elizabeth's Hospital
647:Therapist qualifications
565:standards. In addition,
404:Developmental psychology
2928:Creative arts therapies
2501:Cognitive restructuring
2222:Person-centered therapy
2031:"Who was Marian Chace?"
1978:Chodorow, Joan (1991).
1959:Zone 6: Incorporations.
1541:1 November 2008 at the
1314:10.5742/MEJN.2014.92586
1163:10.1023/A:1022882327573
1053:Frontiers in Psychology
318:creative arts therapies
2432:Contingency management
2311:Transtheoretical model
2301:Eclectic psychotherapy
2278:Transactional analysis
1418:10.1089/acm.1995.1.323
727:Mary Starks Whitehouse
294:Dance/movement therapy
262:Dance/movement therapy
18:Dance movement therapy
2382:Common factors theory
2346:Residential treatment
1818:Payne, Helen (2004).
1808:Retrieved 8 June 2024
1653:adta.memberclicks.net
1625:adta.memberclicks.net
1390:Levy, Fran J. (1988)
378:Humanistic psychology
2811:Lorna Smith Benjamin
2646:Harry Stack Sullivan
2571:Sensitivity training
2372:Clinical formulation
2036:30 July 2007 at the
1858:"Trainings Overview"
1672:Payne, Helen (2006)
626:Occupational therapy
374:Psychodynamic theory
312:use of movement and
2543:Group psychotherapy
2454:Counterconditioning
2331:Brief psychotherapy
2202:Existential therapy
1939:on 14 December 2013
447:Proposed mechanisms
390:Existential therapy
382:Integrative therapy
344:By integrating the
308:) in the UK is the
196:of this article is
2923:Body psychotherapy
2671:Milton H. Erickson
2506:Emotion regulation
2486:Autogenic training
2377:Clinical pluralism
2306:Multimodal therapy
2105:Analytical therapy
814:Expressive therapy
809:Authentic Movement
621:Physical education
607:Allied professions
511:promotion programs
505:prevention centers
2933:Dance occupations
2905:
2904:
2831:William R. Miller
2816:Marsha M. Linehan
2786:Jean Baker Miller
2746:Salvador Minuchin
2626:Ludwig Binswanger
2579:
2578:
2414:Behaviour therapy
2341:Online counseling
2319:
2318:
2258:Narrative therapy
2162:Cognitive therapy
1961:New York: Urzone
974:(11): 1561–1562.
731:Tina Keller-Jenny
488:school facilities
469:Physical medicine
310:psychotherapeutic
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16:(Redirected from
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2938:Dance and health
2821:Vittorio Guidano
2791:Otto F. Kernberg
2661:Donald Winnicott
2518:Free association
2463:Exposure therapy
2442:Stimulus control
2422:Aversion therapy
2410:
2273:Systemic therapy
2248:Feminist therapy
2100:Adlerian therapy
2088:
2070:
2063:
2056:
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1103:
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1038:
1037:
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1033:
990:
984:
983:
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905:
903:
889:
883:
882:
880:
878:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
839:
776:Washington, D.C.
763:Washington, D.C.
525:Private practice
438:The use of props
284:edit on Wikidata
276:
259:
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110:
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38:
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30:
21:
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2952:
2948:
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2946:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2855:
2836:Steven C. Hayes
2766:Paul Watzlawick
2751:Paul Watzlawick
2706:Virginia Axline
2616:Sándor Ferenczi
2575:
2556:Couples therapy
2537:
2511:Affect labeling
2474:
2459:Desensitization
2401:
2387:Discontinuation
2360:
2315:
2287:
2268:Reality therapy
2226:
2212:Gestalt therapy
2183:
2131:
2124:
2079:
2074:
2044:
2038:Wayback Machine
2029:
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2018:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1988:
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1930:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1864:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1845:"Dance Therapy"
1843:
1839:
1832:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1803:
1799:
1790:
1786:
1776:
1774:
1766:
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1738:
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1730:
1720:
1718:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1695:
1693:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1629:
1627:
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1614:
1604:
1602:
1592:
1591:
1587:
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1543:Wayback Machine
1534:
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1502:
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1472:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1447:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1389:
1378:
1339:(8): CD011022.
1326:
1325:
1321:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1144:
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1105:
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1100:
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1031:
1029:
992:
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916:
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911:
901:
899:
891:
890:
886:
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866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
841:
840:
836:
832:
805:
788:
740:
715:
698:
684:
673:
663:master's degree
654:
649:
609:
600:
585:
576:
544:
532:
462:
449:
440:
369:
361:quality of life
338:
326:
287:
272:
251:
240:
239:
238:
233:
222:
216:
213:
202:
187:
183:
172:
168:
163:
157:
154:
117:"Dance therapy"
111:
100:
96:primary sources
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2951:
2949:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2910:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2806:Arnold Lazarus
2803:
2801:Irvin D. Yalom
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2776:Eugene Gendlin
2773:
2768:
2763:
2761:Ogden Lindsley
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2736:Virginia Satir
2733:
2728:
2726:James Bugental
2723:
2721:Silvano Arieti
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2591:Philippe Pinel
2587:
2585:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2561:Family therapy
2558:
2553:
2547:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2498:
2496:Clean language
2493:
2488:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2356:Support groups
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2297:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2136:
2134:
2130:Cognitive and
2126:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2115:Psychoanalysis
2112:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2050:
2043:
2042:
2023:
2017:978-1846425868
2016:
1996:
1970:
1950:
1924:
1899:
1874:
1849:
1837:
1830:
1810:
1797:
1784:
1756:
1728:
1703:
1678:
1665:
1637:
1612:
1585:
1566:(2): 437–454.
1547:
1523:
1493:
1466:
1457:
1431:
1412:(4): 323–331.
1396:
1376:
1319:
1288:
1241:
1184:
1137:
1098:
1039:
1005:(4): 560–567.
985:
958:
925:(6): 545–554.
909:
884:
859:
833:
831:
828:
827:
826:
821:
816:
811:
804:
801:
787:
784:
739:
736:
714:
711:
697:
694:
680:
669:
652:
648:
645:
644:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
608:
605:
599:
596:
584:
581:
575:
572:
543:
540:
531:
528:
527:
526:
523:
517:
512:
506:
500:
494:
489:
483:
477:
474:Rehabilitation
471:
461:
458:
448:
445:
439:
436:
435:
434:
430:
429:
424:
423:
419:
418:
368:
365:
337:
334:
325:
322:
289:
288:
281:
278:
277:
270:
264:
263:
253:
252:
235:
234:
190:
188:
181:
174:
173:
166:
164:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2950:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2918:Dance therapy
2916:
2915:
2913:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2846:Jeffrey Young
2844:
2842:
2841:Michael White
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2826:Les Greenberg
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
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2747:
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2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2711:Carl Whitaker
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2691:Viktor Frankl
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2676:Jacques Lacan
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2666:Wilhelm Reich
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Melanie Klein
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2601:Sigmund Freud
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2548:
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2531:
2529:
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2483:
2481:
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2469:
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2464:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2447:Token economy
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
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2378:
2375:
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2370:
2369:
2367:
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2357:
2354:
2352:
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2347:
2344:
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2339:
2337:
2334:
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2329:
2328:
2326:
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2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
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2290:
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2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2253:Music therapy
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2243:Dance therapy
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
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2186:
2178:
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2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2092:Psychodynamic
2089:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2077:Psychotherapy
2071:
2066:
2064:
2059:
2057:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2000:
1997:
1985:
1984:Routledge.com
1981:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1967:9780942299298
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1831:9780203359266
1827:
1823:
1822:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1788:
1785:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1626:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
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1540:
1537:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1446:
1442:
1435:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1419:
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1400:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1308:(1505): 3–7.
1307:
1303:
1299:
1292:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1141:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1040:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
989:
986:
981:
977:
973:
969:
962:
959:
954:
948:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
913:
910:
898:
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888:
885:
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869:
863:
860:
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838:
835:
829:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
802:
800:
798:
797:psychotherapy
794:
785:
783:
781:
777:
773:
768:
764:
760:
759:choreographer
756:
752:
748:
747:United States
744:
737:
735:
732:
728:
722:
720:
712:
710:
706:
702:
695:
693:
689:
685:
683:
678:
674:
672:
667:
664:
660:
656:
655:
646:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
631:Physiotherapy
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
612:
606:
604:
597:
595:
593:
589:
582:
580:
573:
571:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
541:
539:
537:
530:Organizations
529:
524:
521:
520:Mental health
518:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
493:
492:Nursing Homes
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
470:
467:
466:
465:
459:
457:
455:
446:
444:
437:
432:
431:
426:
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415:
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413:
410:
407:
405:
400:
396:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
366:
364:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
342:
335:
333:
330:
323:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
285:
275:
271:
269:
265:
260:
257:
249:
246:
231:
228:
220:
210:
206:
200:
199:
195:
189:
180:
179:
165:
161:
150:
147:
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119: –
118:
114:
113:Find sources:
108:
104:
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97:
93:
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84:This article
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
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57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
2860:Associations
2851:Peter Fonagy
2796:Nathan Azrin
2771:Arthur Janov
2731:Joseph Wolpe
2716:Albert Ellis
2696:George Kelly
2681:Erik Erikson
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2611:Alfred Adler
2606:Pierre Janet
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2528:Hypnotherapy
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2651:Fritz Perls
2566:Psychodrama
2491:Biofeedback
2293:Integrative
2238:Art therapy
2217:Logotherapy
1917:17 November
1892:17 November
1883:"education"
1867:17 November
1696:20 November
1512:(3): 50–9.
1482:(3): 50–9.
1219:2433/283233
1032:22 November
897:ADMP.org.uk
872:DTAA.org.au
819:Process art
786:Second wave
641:Art therapy
367:Methodology
86:needs more
2912:Categories
2741:Aaron Beck
2656:Anna Freud
2551:Co-therapy
2406:Techniques
2336:Counseling
2324:Approaches
2189:Humanistic
2132:behavioral
1989:6 November
1943:5 December
1777:8 December
1749:6 December
1721:6 December
1712:"Homepage"
1658:6 December
1649:"Webinars"
1630:6 December
1599:Pratt News
1261:: 101467.
1118:: 102062.
830:References
738:First wave
636:Psychology
499:facilities
336:Principles
217:March 2013
194:neutrality
158:March 2013
128:newspapers
50:improve it
2701:Rollo May
2636:Otto Rank
2621:Carl Jung
2351:Self-help
1580:254234326
1445:eadmt.com
1353:1469-493X
1275:1744-3881
1236:248843244
1228:1573-3262
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2207:Focusing
2034:Archived
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1371:37549216
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522:settings
497:Day care
482:settings
454:dementia
428:effects.
324:Efficacy
198:disputed
2437:Shaping
2392:History
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1023:S2CID
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