279:: This occurs differently in all countries, but is typically centered around the emerging power of a new social force (i.e. a manufacturing elite). Democracy is eventually born of this conflict. It is thus not a ‘rosy love-in,’ but can be violent and bloody. This struggle can be so intense as to lead to the dominance of one group and the closing of doors to democratization. When this political struggle reaches stalemate, a window of opportunity opens up for democratization.
227:, and Tamar Gottlieb Rustow ended in divorce. In addition to his son Timothy of Manhattan, he is survived by his wife of 18 years, Dr. Margrit Wreschner, a psychoanalyst; another son, Stephen of Manhattan; two daughters, Janet of Cambridge, Mass., and Marina of Manhattan; three grandchildren; two sisters, Maria Funk, and Friedburg Lorenz (died in 2007); a half-brother, Helmut – all of them of
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144:. In his seminal 1970 article 'Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic Model,' Rustow broke from the prevailing schools of thought on how countries became democratic. Disagreeing with the heavy focus on necessary social and economic pre-conditions for democracy, he argued that national unity was the necessary precondition for democracy.
307:, Lawrence Whitehead, and Philip Schmitter explained transitions from authoritarianism not in terms of socio-economic or structural changes, but rather in terms of consensus and pacts between elites. The impetus for change comes not from international or socio-economic changes, but from splits within a ruling regime.
285:: When the conflicting parties realise that they are at a point of stalemate in their inconclusive political struggle they decide to compromise and adopt democratic forms of rule. For Rustow, there is always a conscious decision on the part of elites to adopt democratic rules.
273:: The formation of an uncontested sense of nationhood (among the "vast majority of citizens") was a necessary precondition. Before people could decide how to rule, there must be clarity on who 'the people' are.
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His work laid the conceptual foundations for the later work of scholars known as 'transitologists.' Studying the decline in authoritarianism in
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argued that post-Cold War Russia supported Rustow's argument that national unity was a precondition for successful democratization.
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as his case studies, he sketched a general route through which countries travel during democratization. This had four phases:
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and other institutions, a vice president of the Middle East
Studies Association of North America and the recipient of a
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223:. He was 71 and lived on the Upper West Side. His marriages to Rachel Aubrey Rustow, a daughter of
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Euro-American system: economic and political relations between North
America and Western Europe
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Democracy and the Market: Political and
Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America
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was a much more interesting one: how does a democracy come into being in the first place?
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Democracy and
Democratization: Processes and Prospects in a Changing World, Third Edition
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Politics of compromise: a study of parties and cabinet government in Sweden
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Russia's
Unfinished Revolution: Political Change from Gorbachev to Putin
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for 25 years. He retired in June 1995 as distinguished professor of
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Freedom and
Domination: A Historical Critique of Civilization
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Comparative political dynamics: global research perspectives
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Dankwart Rustow argued that the modernizationists, such as
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He died in the
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in
231:, Germany; and his stepmother, Lorena (died in 1999) of
128:(December 21, 1924 – August 3, 1996) was a professor of
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Oil and turmoil: America faces OPEC and the Middle East
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Mediterranean challenge. no.5, Turkey and the
Community
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Political development: the vanishing dream of stability
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and received a PhD in political science in 1951 from
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American foreign policy in international perspective
329:(edited by Lisa Anderson) focused on Rustow's work.
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Rustow's model of democratization was criticized by
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291:: Gradually the rules of democracy become a habit.
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251:? Rustow thought the question of transition from
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156:. From 1933 until 1938, he was a student at the
345:Military in Middle Eastern Society and politics
277:A prolonged and inconclusive political struggle
377:Philosophers and Kings: Studies in leadership
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352:Political modernaization in Japan and Turkey
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609:New York Times, Obituary, August 5, 1996.
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303:in the 1970s and 1980s, scholars such as
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140:. He is prominent for his research on
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606:. Polity Press, Milton Keynes, 1997.
461:PS: Political Science & Politics
176:had fled in 1933. He graduated from
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653:20th-century political scientists
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204:. He was a visiting professor at
428:Turkey, America's forgotten ally
402:Middle Eastern political systems
105:political Science and psychology
455:Rivlin, Benjamin (March 1997).
388:(ed. with Ernst-Otto Czempiel)
325:and the 1999 edited collection
548:McFaul, Michael (2015-05-15).
523:Przeworski, Adam (July 1991).
496:Sorensen, Georg (2018-05-04).
219:in August 1996. The cause was
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583:. Columbia University Press.
643:CUNY Graduate Center faculty
575:Anderson, Lisa, ed. (1999).
554:. Cornell University Press.
164:, Germany. He then moved to
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152:Rustow was born in 1924 in
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525:"Transitions to democracy"
350:(ed. with Robert E. Ward)
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502:. Routledge. p. 47.
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321:A 1997 special issue of
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221:non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
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210:Guggenheim fellowship
192:, and finally at the
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602:Potter, David (ed.)
457:"Dankwart A. Rustow"
323:Comparative Politics
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239:Major contributions
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442:References
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229:Heppenheim
162:Heppenheim
48:1924-12-21
483:1537-5935
249:democracy
217:Manhattan
202:sociology
186:Princeton
134:sociology
190:Columbia
166:Istanbul
80:American
437:. 1991.
430:. 1987.
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375:(ed.)
347:. 1963
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170:Turkey
154:Berlin
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