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while he suggests that
Catulus’ is more natural, due in part that he is from Rome. The Roman accent is one that has “nothing unpleasant, nothing to provoke criticism, and nothing to sound or smell of foreignness.” On clarity, Crassus’ advice revolves around the idea of simplicity, and of not trying to obscure the truth through unnecessary complexities: i.e. ambiguity, excessive length, and confusion of order.
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unifying force. He draws a metaphor of eloquence being similar to a river, in that the water spreads out in many directions, all from the same source, and all containing the same qualities regardless of where the river may be. His point is that a style of words cannot be crafted without a content of thoughts, nor can it exist the other way around.
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example. He claims that what makes
Catulus great is his uniqueness. If his style were to have anything added or subtracted from it, it would become worse. He then gives Caesar, Sulpicius, and Cotta the same treatment, with the effect being that Crassus acknowledges the importance of individual style.
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Cicero's discourse on style in Book III begins with
Crassus attempting to unify the distinction between words and content. The conversation is in response to a distinction Antonius made: that he would be the one to discuss what an orator must say, and leave to Crassus the discussion on how the orator
99:
Crassus' speech lasted a long time and he spent all of his spirit, his mind and his forces. Crassus' resolution was approved by the Senate, stating that "not the authority nor the loyalty of the Senate ever abandoned the Roman State". When he was speaking, he had a pain in his side and, after he came
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Crassus then goes on to assert his belief that the universe as a whole is bound together by single, natural force. He paraphrases an idea of Plato's that says about the same: that all the disciplines of the world share an underlying bond. Crassus then suggests that eloquence is an inter-disciplinary
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In that occasion, everyone agreed that
Crassus, the best orator of all, overcame himself with his eloquence. He blamed the situation and the abandonment of the Senate: the consul, who should be his good father and faithful defender, was depriving it of its dignity like a robber. No need of surprise,
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Philippus was a vigorous, eloquent and smart man: when he was attacked by the
Crassus' firing words, he counter-attacked him until he made him keep silent. But Crassus replied:" You, who destroyed the authority of the Senate before the Roman people, do you really think to intimidate me? If you want
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A large part of speaking correct Latin is, for
Crassus, dependent on pronunciation. He chooses to make a point that this is separate from delivery, which occurs later in the book, and is actually an integral aspect of language. He uses Lucius Cotta as an example of someone with an affected accent,
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This sad episode caused pain, not only to
Crassus' family, but also to all the honest citizens. Cicero adds that, in his opinion, the immortal gods gave Crassus his death as a gift, to preserve him from seeing the calamities that would befall the State a short time later. Indeed, he has not seen
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He goes on to say that it is up to the instructor of oratory to teach his pupils according to their natural talent. He cites
Isocrates as an effective teacher who didn't try to produce one style of oratory, rather, “added to the one and filed away from the other only as much as was necessary to
142:
Crassus begins this section by discussing the arts. He claims that the value in art isn't derived from absolute quality, rather from the difference of a particular artist in respect to his colleagues. He talks about the skill of oratory and comes to a similar conclusion when using
Catulus as an
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Crassus outlines that there are four qualities to style: correct Latin, clarity, distinction, and appropriateness. The first two, he claims, are elementary aspects and that “learning them is easy, using them is indispensable.”
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reinforce in each what his natural abilities allowed.” The point of setting up his discourse on style in such a manner, is to defend his suggestions as being geared toward the style of oratory that
Crassus prefers.
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How insecure is the destiny of a man!, Cicero says. Just in the peak of his public career, Crassus reached the top of the authority, but also destroyed all his expectations and plans for the future by his death.
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should say it. Crassus claims that these things cannot be separated because removing the content from the words or vice versa would result in a failure to communicate, which is the goal of language.
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libri III / M. Tullius Cicero ; Kommentar von Anton D. Leeman, Harm Pinkster. Heidelberg : Winter, 1981-<1996 > Description: v. <1-2, 3 pt.2, 4 > ;
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At the beginning of the third book, which contains Crassus' exposition, Cicero is hit by a sad memory. He expresses all his pain to his brother
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to keep me silent, you have to cut my tongue. And even if you do it, my spirit of freedom will hold tight your arrogance".
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indeed, if he wanted to deprive the State of the Senate, after having ruined the first one with his disastrous projects.
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The characters belong to the generation, which precedes the one of Cicero. The main characters of the dialogue are
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Clarendon Press Oxford Classical Texts 264 pages | 238x167mm
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The first two qualities of style: correct Latin and clarity
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M TULLI CICERONIS SCRIPTA QUAE MANSERUNT OMNIA FASC. 3
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home, he got fever and died of pleurisy in six days.
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231:M. Tulli Ciceronis De Oratore Libri Tres
210:L'Orateur - Du meilleur genre d'orateurs
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335:Cicero on the Ideal Orator (De Oratore)
459:The Roman World of Cicero's De Oratore
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16:Third part of De Oratore by Cicero
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175:De Oratore in Cicero Rhetorica
1:
638:De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum
903:Epistulae ad Quintum Fratrem
314:M. Tulli Ciceronis Rhetorica
312:"De Oratore Libri Tres", in
88:' speech and attacking him.
34:. It describes the death of
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943:Works by Cicero on oratory
571:De Partitionibus Oratoriae
245:Editions with a commentary
193:| Hardback | 26 March 1963
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578:De Optimo Genere Oratorum
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645:Tusculanae Disputationes
86:Lucius Marcius Philippus
74:Lucius Marcius Philippus
896:Epistulae ad Familiares
673:Cato Maior de Senectute
183:Augustus Samuel Wilkins
52:Lucius Licinius Crassus
50:(not the triumvir) and
36:Lucius Licinius Crassus
818:Divinatio in Caecilium
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751:De Imperio Cn. Pompei
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503:Marcus Tullius Cicero
301:(Bd. 2 : kart.)
261:(Bd. 3 : kart.)
108:Italy burning by the
24:is the third part of
882:Epistulae ad Atticum
21:De Oratore, Book III
889:Epistulae ad Brutum
680:Laelius de Amicitia
285:(Bd. 1 : Ln.)
269:(Bd. 3 : Ln.)
56:Gaius Iulius Caesar
811:Pro Roscio Amerino
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436:978-3-8154-1171-1
225:978-2-251-01080-9
191:978-0-19-814615-5
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125:Words and content
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832:Pro Tullio
772:Pro Milone
631:Consolatio
617:Hortensius
599:De Legibus
557:De Oratore
441:De Oratore
420:De oratore
370:De Or. 3.2
361:De Or. 3.1
349:References
251:De oratore
179:De Oratore
177:. Vol. I (
110:social war
27:De Oratore
948:Mnemonics
825:In Verrem
743:Political
624:Academica
533:Treatises
796:Judicial
736:Orations
563:Book III
540:Rhetoric
524:Writings
293:(Bd. 4)
277:(Bd. 1)
70:scaenici
42:Overview
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