1411:
245:
1211:) brought gifts on Christmas Eve. Slovenian families have different preferences regarding their gift-giver of choice, according to political or religious persuasion. Slovenian popular culture depicts Grandpa Frost, Saint Nicholas and Santa Claus as friends and has also started blending attributes of the characters, for example, mention of Santa's reindeer is sometimes mingled into the Grandpa Frost narrative at public appearances. Due to his non-religious character and strong institutionalization, Grandpa Frost continues to retain a public presence.
37:
233:
371:
4989:
764:
29:
1085:
348:
1402:(Maiden Snow), and New Year's tree will not appear on the state television this year, because these personages and attributes bear no direct relation to our national traditions, though there is no harm in them". However next day this was denounced, and planned celebrations did include these despite objections of some religious figures.
1410:
1490:, and Ded Moroz, while not being banned, was removed from Uzbek TV channels. This decision was met with mixed reception. Some say that traditions are not for the government to decide upon, whereas more orthodox Muslims want the New Year and Ded Moroz banned altogether, as was done with
700:
For almost 160 years of influence Dzmer Pap and
Dzyunanushik have hardly changed their appearance or behavior: they come in red, blue or white winter fur coats and, bringing presents to children, expect them to sing songs or recite poems. They are parts of New Year and
620:
The
Russian-language website provides "real-time tracking" of Ded Moroz, "news" of Ded Moroz throughout the year, a form to send e-mail to Ded Moroz, photos, videos, streaming audio of Russian songs, poems and verses from children's letters to Ded Moroz, information on
1124:
fur cap. This version of the character is based on traditional imagery, especially as depicted by Maksim
Gaspari in images commissioned in 1952. Although the name was translated literally from the Soviet figure, other names for the character were also considered:
440:("Snow Maiden" – Ded Moroz' granddaughter) roles for the New Year holiday. People playing Ded Moroz and Snegurochka now typically make appearances at children's parties during the winter holiday season, distributing presents and fighting off the wicked witch,
1159:, Slovenia's (and also Yugoslavia's) highest peak. Public processions featuring the character began in Ljubljana in 1953. The notion of Grandpa Frost was ideologically useful because it served to reorient the December/January holidays away from religion (
1191:. St. Nicholas has had a strong traditional presence in Slovenian ethnic territory and his feast day remained celebrated in family circles throughout the Communist period. Until the late 1940s it was also said in some areas of Slovenia that
360:
747:, where Christians are a small minority, these traditions and celebrations remain very popular, however the Christian origin is barely to not known at all and they're rather cultural. Şaxta Baba is also an Azerbaijani version of
435:
character of Ded Moroz. This included the
Russian Federation and subordinate governments sponsoring courses about Ded Moroz every December, with the aim of establishing appropriate Slavic norms for Ded Moroz and
1395:
On 11 December 2013, Saidali
Siddiqov, the first deputy head of the Committee for TV and Radio-broadcasting under the Government of Tajikistan, announced in an interview that "Father Frost, his maiden sidekick
743:) at Baku Boulevard and other attractions in Baku, giving away presents to and taking pictures with children. Since 2014 however, every actor needs a license costing up to $ 75. In the predominantly Muslim but
3084:
2077:
851:("Grandfather Frost") being a similar Russian-imported character lacking the Christian connotations and thus popular during Communist rule. However, he has been largely forgotten since 1989, when
405:. Between 2003 and 2010, the post office in Veliky Ustyug received approximately 2,000,000 letters from within Russia and from all over the world for Ded Moroz. On 7 January 2008, then President
304:
based on the play. By the end of the 19th century Ded Moroz became a popular character. The children's tradition of writing letters to Ded Moroz has been known since the end of the XIX century.
2104:
3024:
3094:
4240:
2697:
Tivodar, Blanka; Vezovnik, Andreja (2010). "Cooking in
Socialist Slovenia: Housewives on the Road from a Bright Future to an Idyllic Past". In Luthar, Breda; Pušnik, Maruša (eds.).
1657:
2614:
150:. He is often depicted bringing presents to well-mannered children, often delivering them in person in the days of December and secretly under the New Year Tree over night on
4235:
2895:
589:
figures. The détente efforts portrayed have included one-on-one meetings, group meetings and friendly competitions, such as the annual
November Santa Claus championships of
339:
on 28 December 1935. Postyshev believed that the origins of the holiday, which were pre-Christian, were less important than the benefits it could bring to Soviet children.
2946:
1823:
2644:
1809:
2747:
3181:
3004:
2081:
1938:
4191:
467:
Many ethnic minorities have for linguistic reasons other names for Ded Moroz or even have their own culture-equivalent counterparts to Ded Moroz. For example, in
2991:
2424:
2021:
264:
2835:
272:
Since the 19th century the attributes and legend of Ded Moroz have been shaped by literary influences, which were also influenced by the
Western tradition of
4577:
3938:
870:
1171:. After the ousting of Communism at the beginning of the 1990s, two other "good old men" (as they are currently styled in Slovenian) reappeared in public:
3836:
3667:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1906:
2323:
3109:
1998:
705:
matinées and shows in
Armenia. In recent decades well-off parents have developed a tradition to invite Dzmer Pap and Dzyunanushik to their children.
866:
2713:
2112:
4171:
2164:
2550:
3034:
4566:
4373:
2481:
5065:
5045:
4447:
5070:
5060:
4176:
3891:
3236:
107:
4245:
4034:
3605:
3431:
2622:
2397:
2371:
1017:
402:
79:
2601:
2533:
686:
4507:
2786:
1889:
1767:
1268:
should not be celebrated. 25 and 26 December became working days and no official celebrations were to be held. As a replacement for
4422:
2055:
1893:
1010:
is still said to bring gifts at New Year. In
Croatia, children also get presents on 6 December. Due to the historical influence of
2903:
5020:
4647:
4442:
4337:
878:
2223:
2950:
1792:
882:
650:
1827:
5050:
5030:
4351:
3734:
3513:
1486:
still remains a notable family event, it is no longer celebrated on a wide national scale, as it was during the times of the
890:
1250:(Grandfather Winter) is the Mongolian equivalent of Ded Moroz, who brings children and adult alike gifts on New Year's Eve.
1235:
427:
made inroads in the Russian Federation during the "turbulent" 1990s when Western culture increased its penetration into the
2648:
244:
5015:
4272:
4059:
4054:
3568:
3359:
2755:
1467:
874:
653:, some of these countries made efforts to move away from Soviet and Russian heritage toward their own ancient traditions.
3178:
1946:
4427:
4131:
3677:
3164:
2194:
886:
2975:
1804:
5055:
5025:
2428:
2029:
1301:
508:
474:
259:
111:
2843:
2372:"Ded Moroz Presides Over the Annual International Santa Claus Championships of 28–29 November 2009 in Celle, Germany"
980:(literally: "Grandfather Christmas") was introduced. Attempts were made in the mass media and advertising to replace
5040:
3339:
2580:
2398:"Ded Moroz Participates in Annual International Santa Claus Championships of 28–29 November 2008 in Celle, Germany"
1582:
919:
732:
with together. Every December, actors playing Şaxta Baba and Qar Qızı stand next to a Christmas tree (Azerbaijani:
1120:
is depicted as a slim man wearing a grey leather coat, which has fur inside and is decorated outside, and a round
5035:
4583:
4572:
4492:
4344:
4265:
4084:
3841:
3729:
3443:
3404:
1634:
1602:
1448:
1392:
by a crowd shouting "You infidel!". The murder was motivated by religious hatred, according to the Tajik police.
308:
19:
4599:
4385:
4307:
4225:
4218:
4121:
4004:
3426:
3258:
3724:
1426:
Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, and especially in recent years, there has been a shift from Ded Moroz (
2132:
2130:
1734:
4547:
4532:
4467:
4417:
4412:
4321:
4302:
4186:
3906:
3455:
3229:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1824:"Christmas Customs in Eastern Europe: Eastern Europe's Traditional Christmas Celebrations by Kerry Kubilius"
1546:
1520:
939:
812:
677:), whose name means Snow Sweetie, or Snow Anush (a popular Armenian female name), is another counterpart of
448:
291:
174:
64:
36:
1731:"Ded Moroz, the Russian Santa: Ded Moroz, or 'Grandfather Frost' is Russia's Santa Claus by Kerry Kubilius"
1293:
celebrations began on 30 December, which was named the Day of the Republic, since it was the day when King
4477:
4101:
4044:
3589:
3293:
3119:
2804:
2006:
278:
447:
In November and December 2010, Ded Moroz was one of the candidates in the running for consideration as a
431:
Russia. The resurgence of Russia in the early 21st century brought about a renewed emphasis on the basic
4379:
4151:
4049:
3796:
3399:
3332:
2721:
965:
694:
2865:
2741:
2739:
2172:
2554:
4562:
4517:
4166:
4141:
4106:
4096:
4091:
4069:
3856:
3826:
3781:
3756:
1662:
452:
232:
4537:
4512:
4452:
4358:
4324:
4292:
4181:
4161:
4156:
4146:
4136:
4126:
4116:
4074:
4064:
3548:
3364:
1621:
1573:
910:
789:
781:
378:
370:
287:
201:
110:
authorities banned Ded Moroz. However, the ban was lifted and he soon became a significant part of
4992:
4497:
4111:
3994:
3933:
3928:
3911:
3871:
3379:
3286:
3222:
2534:"Global Christianity – A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population"
2349:
1625:
1593:
1439:
1427:
1294:
1160:
702:
614:
602:
410:
329:) that replaced Christmas. Some Christmas traditions were revived following the famous letter by
213:
1466:
there were rumors that Ded Moroz imagery was being discouraged by the authorities; however, the
629:(considered to be Ded Moroz's hometown) and opportunities to enter competitions and win prizes.
538:
2925:
2253:
2138:
1757:
1482:, a largely Muslim nation, moved away from celebrating Christmas. While the celebration of the
118:
4652:
4642:
4502:
4407:
4313:
4258:
3955:
3821:
3801:
3714:
3523:
3450:
3421:
3409:
3272:
2930:
2477:
1885:
1763:
1290:
1283:
1004:
became more or less synonymous, including in their use on public television. In some families
902:
729:
670:
662:
610:
237:
151:
1286:
adaptation of the Russian Ded Moroz). He was said to bring gifts to children on 31 December.
4825:
4683:
4612:
4557:
4542:
4327:
4014:
3984:
3886:
3876:
3811:
3627:
3528:
3089:
2679:
1796:
1668:
1613:
1537:
1532:
1511:
1011:
950:
930:
894:
752:
582:
468:
414:
256:
248:
189:
147:
91:
83:
55:
4622:
3114:[Nobody banned Father Frost and the Snow Maiden in Ukraine – Ministry of Culture].
3025:"Tajik official confirms information about banning Father Frost from New Year's broadcasts"
2576:
2401:
2375:
1692:
1277:
1259:
4940:
4820:
4778:
4758:
4743:
4462:
4457:
4437:
4230:
4213:
4203:
3989:
3921:
3881:
3816:
3766:
3699:
3384:
3185:
3168:
2979:
2301:
1565:
1557:
1459:
1121:
744:
690:
520:
330:
296:
99:
3657:
3553:
1014:
in parts of Croatia, presents are also said to be brought by a traditional figure called
2051:
1373:
In Tajikistan the tradition of Ded Moroz has continued. In Tajik, Ded Moroz is known as
893:) the character who was said to bring gifts to children was called "Grandfather Frost" (
4871:
4733:
4678:
4552:
4482:
4432:
4279:
3999:
3967:
3961:
3851:
3791:
3632:
3600:
3538:
3508:
3438:
3173:
1686:
1435:
1349:
1328:
1178:
1039:
793:
682:
626:
586:
532:
502:
432:
406:
394:
374:
364:
166:
5009:
4935:
4856:
4794:
3901:
3896:
3776:
3771:
3694:
3416:
3374:
3327:
3279:
2499:""Bulvarda Şaxta baba və Qar qız olmaq istəyən lisenziya almalıdır" - Bulvar İdarəsi"
2231:
1491:
1463:
1188:
622:
417:
390:
382:
352:
315:
and religious". Similarly, in 1928 Ded Moroz was declared "an ally of the priest and
311:, Christmas traditions were actively discouraged because they were considered to be "
162:
143:
2279:
601:
In November 2009, for the first time, the Russian Federation offered competition to
4930:
4878:
4713:
4472:
3972:
3846:
3503:
3394:
3354:
3300:
1487:
1344:) is known as the master of cold, accompanied by the Yakut version of Snegurochka,
1152:
792:. He is not a historical folkloric Belarusian character, but was a replacement for
763:
642:
609:(the Russian satellite navigation system, comparable to GPS) to track Ded Moroz on
398:
322:
133:
103:
41:
4960:
4637:
4632:
559:
with various counterparts from other cultures, such as the Estonian Santa Claus (
115:
4970:
4945:
4866:
4846:
4841:
4815:
4768:
4748:
4698:
4079:
3866:
3806:
3786:
3746:
3741:
3662:
3612:
1704:
1674:
1365:). He is very similar to Ded Moroz, however a more "East Asian" version of him.
1238:, Mongolia has been celebrating the New Year's festivities as a formal holiday.
768:
678:
638:
578:
437:
428:
424:
273:
185:
87:
2683:
4708:
4673:
4522:
4009:
3950:
3916:
3709:
3689:
3642:
3637:
3533:
3498:
3488:
3265:
3056:
2345:
1680:
1479:
1194:
1148:
1067:
1051:
714:
646:
568:
556:
181:
95:
3161:
2198:
1866:
4950:
4738:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4693:
4019:
3652:
3647:
3578:
3518:
3369:
3245:
3029:
2972:
2474:
Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond
1800:
1698:
1417:
1265:
1164:
574:
526:
441:
312:
4773:
3945:
2523:
https://eurasianet.org/santa-claus-cousin-ded-moroz-needs-a-license-in-baku
1264:
In 1948, after the Communists gained power in Romania, it was decided that
961:
because public celebration of Christmas was frowned upon during communism.
535:
indigenous people have their own counterpart to Ded Moroz, which is called
3085:"Kiev Brings Back Orthodox Santa Claus Instead of Soviet-Era Father Frost"
802:, whom Soviet authorities disapproved of because of his Christian origin.
359:
28:
4964:
4955:
4909:
4753:
4627:
4527:
4024:
3978:
3719:
3573:
3558:
3493:
3478:
3467:
1882:
Life Has Become More Joyous, Comrades: Celebrations in the Time of Stalin
1483:
1389:
1234:
Since the introduction and familiarization of Russian culture during the
1221:
1168:
1099:
1063:
958:
748:
413:
visited Ded Moroz' residence in the town of Veliky Ustyug as part of the
326:
301:
3206:
2699:
Remembering Utopia: The Culture of Everyday Life in Socialist Yugoslavia
4899:
4894:
4799:
4763:
4688:
4657:
3704:
3543:
3483:
3349:
3009:
2670:
Klobčar, Marija (2009). "Christmas Songs and Constructing Identities".
1968:
1156:
1144:
1084:
1035:
669:), literally Grandfather Winter. His loyal granddaughter Dzyunanushik (
606:
170:
138:
3061:[Tajikistan decides not to ban Father Frost and Snow Maiden].
347:
4904:
4861:
4851:
4487:
4365:
3861:
3831:
3617:
3563:
3344:
1848:
1143:(Grandma Winter) was also proposed. Initially he was said to live in
836:
335:
321:". Nevertheless, the image of Ded Moroz took its current form during
255:
The origins of the character of Ded Moroz predates Christianity as a
158:
75:
3141:
2789:[Dedek Mraz is here as the last of December's gift givers].
4703:
3389:
1409:
1388:
In 2012, a young man dressed as Ded Moroz was stabbed to death in
1083:
762:
590:
456:
369:
358:
346:
317:
243:
231:
35:
27:
2400:(Press release). Vologda Oblast. 27 November 2008. Archived from
2374:(Press release). Vologda Oblast. 27 November 2009. Archived from
1907:"Father Frost and the Snow Maiden deliver Russia's winter warmer"
1665: – Overview of the various traditions practised at Christmas
389:
Ded Moroz is very popular in modern Russia. In 1998, the town of
4925:
4589:
3307:
2498:
2346:"Ded Maroz ('Father Frost') meets Santa Claus in Turku, Finland"
637:
There are equivalents of Ded Moroz and Snegurochka all over the
3218:
3111:Деда Мороза и Снегурочку в Украине никто не запрещал – Минкульт
2812:
2615:"Traditions old and new: From Father Frost to Father Christmas"
2326:. Official Website of the Republic of Belarus. 22 November 2010
2302:"Russian Father Frost expects to celebrate Christmas in London"
251:: Ded Moroz 1885. A sketch of the costume for "The Snow Maiden"
1434:), who came to be associated with the Soviet-era heritage, to
3162:"Just Don't Call Me Santa!"—A history of Ded Maroz in English
2450:
142:
on his feet. He has a long white beard. He walks with a long
3214:
2873:
2714:"Santa Claus in Croatia: The Croatian Santa Claus Tradition"
2280:"Estonia/Russia: Santa Claus Shakes Hands With Father Frost"
2078:"Putin and his deputy show off Russian Christmas traditions"
1038:
who takes misbehaving children away, another character from
3190:
3058:В Таджикистане решили не запрещать Деда Мороза и Снегурочку
463:
Variations of Ded Moroz in ethnic minority groups of Russia
397:, Russia was declared the home of the Russian Ded Moroz by
325:
times, becoming the main symbol of the New Year's holiday (
3198:
2866:"Нэр нэгтийн чих нэг: ӨВЛИЙН ӨВГӨН (Цан хүүрэгтэй зочид)"
2787:"Kot zadnji od decembrskih obdarovalcev je tu dedek Mraz"
2080:. Deutsche Presse-Agentur. 7 January 2008. Archived from
2836:"Slovenia's Christmas Traditions: Christmas in Slovenia"
1587:
924:
2105:"Russia's Grandfather Frost fights the invading Santas"
2001:[Veliky Ustyg is the birthplace of Ded Moroz].
1639:
1607:
1453:
1245:
846:
830:
1187:("Christmas man"; usually depicted as Santa Claus) on
2579:. Office for a Democratic Belarus. 13 December 2007.
1658:
List of Christmas and winter gift-bringers by country
1551:
1525:
944:
605:
with GLONASS Tracks Ded Moroz, which purports to use
480:
69:
2748:"Croatia Christmas Traditions: Christmas in Croatia"
2647:. Global Geopoltics Net. 11 May 2009. Archived from
1759:
Encyclopedia of Russian & Slavic Myth and Legend
1274:(Father Christmas), a new character was introduced,
1042:
folklore. In some religious families, little Jesus (
681:. The tradition was set throughout the times of the
4918:
4887:
4834:
4808:
4787:
4666:
4611:
4598:
4396:
4291:
4202:
4033:
3755:
3676:
3587:
3464:
3318:
3005:"'Father Christmas' stabbed to death in Tajikistan"
2553:. On-Line Reference and Information. Archived from
2282:. Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty. 1 January 2006
1360:
1339:
514:
3174:"Father Frost, the Red Nose" on Russia Info-Centre
2453:(in Russian). Official GLONASS Tracks Father Frost
1056:) is said to brings gifts at Christmas instead of
555:, are presented in the media as being in on-going
444:, who children are told wants to steal the gifts.
2425:"What on earth is happening with 'Russia's GPS'?"
2324:"Finnish Santa Claus and Belarusian Father Frost"
1683: – Personification of frost and cold weather
1151:crisis and the schism between Yugoslavia and the
94:. The tradition of Ded Moroz is mostly spread in
1677: – Legendary figure based on Saint Nicholas
1379:("Grandfather Snow"), and Snegurochka is called
1181:") is said to bring presents on 6 December, and
1034:, except for the fact that he is accompanied by
806:
797:
775:
565:or "Old man of Yule"), the Finnish Santa Claus (
224:; "Snow Maiden"), his granddaughter and helper.
1671: – Folkloric figure originating in England
1415:
1239:
852:
840:
824:
1695: – Romanian Christmas folkloric character
1311:
1305:
1275:
1269:
1089:
1071:
1057:
1043:
1029:
1023:
1015:
1005:
999:
993:
987:
981:
975:
969:
661:The Armenian name for Ded Moroz is Dzmer Pap (
560:
125:, but traditionally the name is translated as
3230:
1397:
1226:is the Kazakh and Kyrgyz name for Ded Moroz.
1206:
1200:
1182:
1172:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1115:
1109:
1103:
728:, who Şaxta Baba brings gifts to children at
566:
472:
18:For the Russian fairy tale Father Frost, see
8:
2701:. Washington, DC: New Academia. p. 396.
2005:(in Russian). 8 October 2007. Archived from
1939:"Reveling in Russian Santa's fairytale home"
1849:4 декабря – День написания писем Деду Морозу
1219:
1192:
1049:
524:
136:, in red or blue, a semi-round fur hat, and
2451:"Official GLONASS Tracks Ded Moroz website"
1803:, an article from the Russian encyclopedia
1380:
1374:
857:again returned as the more popular figure.
693:was joined to Russia according to the 1828
536:
506:
486:
25:Christmas figure in eastern Slavic cultures
4608:
3237:
3223:
3215:
3179:Reveling in Russian Santa’s fairytale home
2052:"Veliky Ustyug – Homeland of Father Frost"
551:Ded Moroz, and on occasion the Belarusian
2781:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2645:"BALKANS: Religion Makes a Worrying Call"
2165:"Video – Meet Russia's Antidote To Santa"
2022:"Veliky Ustyug, the Russian Santa's Home"
1876:
1874:
1859:
1857:
1137:("Daddy Triglav"). A female figure named
3142:"Father Christmas off air in Uzbekistan"
2971:Как зовут Деда Мороза в разных странах?
1707: – Character in Russian fairy tales
290:was influential in this respect, as was
2218:
2216:
1717:
1503:
1022:(Saint Nicholas) who closely resembles
641:, as well as the countries once in the
98:countries and is a significant part of
2949:. European Youth Voice. Archived from
2613:Kostadinov, Petar (26 December 2005).
1310:lost his influence, being replaced by
957:). He was said to bring gifts for the
4567:Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus
2583:from the original on 23 November 2010
2352:from the original on 12 December 2021
1788:
1786:
1531:
974:was labeled a communist creation and
823:The Bulgarian name of Santa Claus is
7:
3108:Voychuk, Vitaly (13 December 2017).
3003:Roman Kozhevnikov (3 January 2012).
2928:[Memories with Moş Gerilă].
1999:"Великий Устюг — родина Деда Мороза"
1756:Dixon-Kennedy, Mike (2 April 1998).
1701: – Turkish new year celebration
811:in Belarus is declared to be in the
767:A Ded Moroz in Belarus, alongside a
547:International relations of Ded Moroz
2947:"The Scent of Christmas in Romania"
2945:Chitic, Magdalena (December 2006).
2577:"Christmas and New Year in Belarus"
1937:Taplin, Phoebe (15 December 2010).
379:President of the Russian Federation
3093:. 20 November 2014. Archived from
3033:. 11 December 2013. Archived from
2896:"Povestea impostorului Moş Gerilă"
1905:Womack, Helen (31 December 1996).
14:
2793:(in Slovenian). 28 December 2014.
2139:"Meet Russia's Antidote To Santa"
1884:, Indiana University Press, 200,
1805:Myths of the Peoples of the World
1689: – Personification of winter
381:visiting Ded Moroz' residence in
4988:
4987:
4443:Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004
4338:Old Santeclaus with Much Delight
3191:Home page all of the Ded's Moroz
2990:Стрела; Дед Мороз и все-все-все
2934:(in Romanian). 24 December 2005.
2602:Маёнтак Беларускага Дзеда Мароза
2423:Ioffe, Julia (1 December 2009).
2197:. Russian Santas. Archived from
2163:Grout, Dave (25 December 2007).
2137:Grout, Dave (24 December 2007).
2058:from the original on 8 June 2024
161:is considered to be the town of
2103:Weir, Fred (24 December 2000).
2026:About.com Eastern Europe Travel
1282:(literally "Old Man Frosty", a
1108:was translated from Russian as
651:dissolution of the Soviet Union
363:Snow sculpture of Ded Moroz in
4423:Bronner's Christmas Wonderland
4352:Christmas Day in the Workhouse
3735:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
3514:Legend of the Christmas Spider
3065:(in Russian). 17 December 2013
2872:(in Mongolian). Archived from
1398:
1155:his home was relocated to Mt.
1114:(literally, "Grandpa Frost").
531:("Grandfather of Yamal"). The
184:, Ded Moroz is accompanied by
157:The residence of Ded Moroz in
132:Ded Moroz wears a heel-length
1:
4374:Christmas television specials
4273:The New Oxford Book of Carols
3360:Annunciation to the shepherds
1478:In 2012 it was reported that
1468:Ukrainian Ministry of Culture
687:Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)
173:Dzyed Maroz is said to be in
114:. The literal translation of
4428:Christmas and holiday season
3118:(in Russian). Archived from
2472:Dowling, Timothy C. (2014).
2304:. Interfax. 24 November 2010
1943:Russia: Beyond the Headlines
1422:on a Ukrainian postage stamp
1361:
1340:
537:
525:
505:it has the similar spelling
228:Development of the character
5066:Personifications of weather
5046:Russian folklore characters
2476:. ABC-CLIO. p. 728ff.
1826:. About.com. Archived from
1733:. About.com. Archived from
1663:Christmas in Eastern Europe
1640:
1608:
1588:
1552:
1526:
1454:
1416:
1381:
1375:
1302:Romanian Revolution of 1989
1246:
1220:
945:
925:
853:
847:
831:
807:
798:
776:
515:
481:
70:
5089:
5071:Slavic folklore characters
5061:Slavic legendary creatures
3340:Adoration of the Shepherds
2684:10.3986/Traditio2009380112
1458:), who is more popular in
1353:
1332:
1257:
1167:) and towards the secular
992:. After 1999 the names of
805:The official residence of
519:with the same meaning. In
102:. At the beginning of the
17:
4983:
4584:WWE Tribute to the Troops
4345:A Visit from St. Nicholas
4266:The Oxford Book of Carols
3842:Feast of the Seven Fishes
3405:Massacre of the Innocents
3254:
3207:Coat of arms of Ded Moroz
2427:. Fortune. Archived from
1971:[Veliky Ustyug].
1779:– via Google Books.
1629:
1617:
1597:
1577:
1541:
1515:
1443:
1431:
1240:
1215:Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan
1066:the gifts are brought by
1062:. Also, in some parts of
934:
914:
841:
825:
785:
674:
666:
507:
473:
217:
205:
193:
59:
20:Father Frost (fairy tale)
4386:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
3199:GLONASS Tracks Ded Moroz
3167:29 December 2014 at the
3110:
3057:
2926:"Amintiri cu Moş Gerilă"
2111:. London. Archived from
1462:. With the onset of the
717:, Ded Moroz is known as
597:GLONASS Tracks Ded Moroz
5021:Christmas gift-bringers
4548:Small Business Saturday
4418:Black Friday (shopping)
4413:Black Friday (partying)
3907:Nine Lessons and Carols
3837:Events and celebrations
2195:"Father Frost: History"
169:. The residence of the
4192:Post-War United States
2539:. Pew Research Center.
1569:
1561:
1536:; Russian diminutive:
1423:
1312:
1306:
1276:
1270:
1207:
1201:
1193:
1183:
1173:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1095:
1090:
1072:
1058:
1050:
1044:
1030:
1024:
1016:
1006:
1000:
994:
988:
982:
976:
970:
954:
906:
898:
871:Bosnia and Herzegovina
771:
567:
561:
471:Ded Moroz is known as
386:
367:
356:
252:
241:
44:
33:
5051:Belarusian traditions
5031:New Year celebrations
4241:Hit singles in the US
4236:Hit singles in the UK
3797:Carols by Candlelight
3725:Santa Claus' daughter
3333:Adoration of the Magi
1977:Small Towns of Russia
1413:
1131:("the Snow Man") and
1087:
966:breakup of Yugoslavia
964:In Croatia after the
766:
695:Treaty of Turkmenchay
373:
362:
350:
247:
235:
175:Belavezhskaya Pushcha
90:who has his roots in
39:
31:
5016:Christmas characters
4533:Santa's Candy Castle
3857:Google Santa Tracker
3184:12 July 2012 at the
3097:on 20 November 2014.
2809:dedekmraz.talija.com
2431:on 13 September 2010
2360:– via YouTube.
2348:. 31 December 2008.
2115:on 10 September 2011
1533:[dʲetmɐˈros]
1205:("little Jesus") or
867:socialist Yugoslavia
633:Regional differences
543:("Master of Cold").
453:2014 Winter Olympics
182:East Slavic cultures
4538:Santa Claus Village
4453:Christmas Mountains
4359:Journey of the Magi
3365:Baptism of the Lord
3148:. 24 December 2012.
3037:on 13 December 2013
2876:on 11 December 2019
2724:on 26 December 2010
1973:Малые Города России
1830:on 31 December 2010
1618:Деда Мраз/Deda Mraz
1297:abdicated in 1947.
796:, known locally as
790:Belarusian language
751:, the Ded Moroz of
724:and Snegurochka as
288:Aleksandr Ostrovsky
5056:Russian traditions
5026:Holiday characters
4648:Twelve-dish supper
4498:Jews and Christmas
4448:Christmas Lectures
4177:American Civil War
3912:NORAD Tracks Santa
3288:Saint Nicholas Day
2978:2016-03-07 at the
2846:on 3 December 2011
2815:on 6 February 2012
2084:on 28 January 2013
2054:. Vologda Oblast.
2003:Christmas Division
1979:] (in Russian)
1894:Google Print, p.85
1424:
1414:Ded Moroz wearing
1295:Mihai I of Romania
1161:Saint Nicholas Day
1096:
772:
645:and in the former
615:Gregorian calendar
613:(according to the
603:NORAD Tracks Santa
411:Russian Federation
387:
368:
357:
309:Russian Revolution
253:
242:
146:and often rides a
78:figure similar to
45:
34:
5041:Winter traditions
5003:
5002:
4979:
4978:
4643:Thirteen desserts
4563:Virginia O'Hanlon
4408:Advent Conspiracy
4322:Films (Christmas,
4314:A Christmas Carol
4259:Carols for Choirs
3802:Cavalcade of Magi
3782:Boar's Head Feast
3451:Star of Bethlehem
3422:Nativity of Jesus
3410:flight into Egypt
3295:St. Stephen's Day
2931:Evenimentul Zilei
2906:on 7 January 2012
2834:Kubilius, Kerry.
2746:Kubilius, Kerry.
2712:Kubilius, Kerry.
2483:978-1-59884-948-6
2234:on 7 January 2018
2020:Kubilius, Kerry.
2009:on 17 March 2016.
1793:Vyacheslav Ivanov
1638:
1606:
1586:
1550:
1524:
1470:had denied this.
1452:
1359:
1338:
1284:Romanian language
1088:A man dressed as
1045:Isusek, Mali Isus
943:
923:
861:Former Yugoslavia
813:Białowieża Forest
385:on 7 January 2008
238:Soviet propaganda
68:
5078:
5036:Slavic mythology
4995:
4991:
4990:
4826:Redcurrant sauce
4615:
4609:
4604:
4578:Winter festivals
4328:Christmas horror
4295:
4206:
4037:
3892:Meals and feasts
3812:Christmas jumper
3759:
3730:Santa's reindeer
3682:
3628:Father Christmas
3592:
3549:Santa's workshop
3470:
3432:in later culture
3310:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3248:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3216:
3211:
3203:
3195:
3150:
3149:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3122:on 24 April 2019
3105:
3099:
3098:
3090:The Moscow Times
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2982:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2953:on 15 March 2012
2942:
2936:
2935:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2902:. Archived from
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2842:. Archived from
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2811:. Archived from
2801:
2795:
2794:
2783:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2754:. Archived from
2743:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2720:. Archived from
2709:
2703:
2702:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2625:on 21 April 2010
2621:. Archived from
2610:
2604:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2505:(in Azerbaijani)
2494:
2488:
2487:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2260:. 2 January 2013
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2230:. Archived from
2220:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2171:. Archived from
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2028:. Archived from
2017:
2011:
2010:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1945:. Archived from
1934:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1902:
1896:
1878:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1797:Vladimir Toporov
1790:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1727:
1669:Father Christmas
1644:
1643:
1633:
1631:
1619:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1555:
1545:
1543:
1535:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1508:
1464:Russian invasion
1457:
1447:
1445:
1433:
1421:
1401:
1400:
1384:
1378:
1364:
1358:romanized:
1357:
1355:
1343:
1337:romanized:
1336:
1334:
1315:
1309:
1289:Officially, the
1281:
1273:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1225:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1186:
1176:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1093:
1075:
1061:
1055:
1047:
1040:Central European
1033:
1027:
1021:
1012:Austrian culture
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
985:
979:
973:
948:
938:
936:
928:
918:
916:
856:
850:
844:
843:
834:
828:
827:
810:
801:
787:
779:
753:Turkic mythology
676:
668:
583:Father Christmas
572:
564:
542:
530:
518:
512:
511:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
484:
478:
477:
415:Russian Orthodox
343:In modern Russia
268:
260:spirit of winter
249:Viktor Vasnetsov
219:
207:
195:
92:Slavic mythology
84:Father Christmas
73:
63:
61:
5088:
5087:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5075:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4993:
4975:
4941:Pickled herring
4914:
4883:
4830:
4821:Cranberry sauce
4804:
4783:
4759:Red velvet cake
4744:Poppy seed roll
4662:
4613:
4602:
4600:
4594:
4573:White Christmas
4463:Christmas truce
4458:Christmas seals
4438:Christmas creep
4400:
4398:
4392:
4293:
4287:
4204:
4198:
4035:
4029:
3882:Lord of Misrule
3817:Christmas Peace
3767:Advent calendar
3757:
3751:
3700:Knecht Ruprecht
3680:
3678:
3672:
3594:
3590:
3583:
3472:
3468:
3460:
3385:Herod the Great
3320:
3314:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3250:
3246:
3243:
3209:
3201:
3193:
3186:Wayback Machine
3169:Wayback Machine
3158:
3153:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3125:
3123:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3066:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3038:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2992:Якутия - Чисхан
2989:
2985:
2980:Wayback Machine
2973:Якутии – Чисхан
2970:
2966:
2956:
2954:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2909:
2907:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2849:
2847:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2785:
2784:
2771:
2761:
2759:
2745:
2744:
2737:
2727:
2725:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2652:
2651:on 23 July 2011
2643:
2642:
2638:
2628:
2626:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2600:
2596:
2586:
2584:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2560:
2558:
2557:on 17 July 2011
2549:
2548:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2508:
2506:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2434:
2432:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2407:
2405:
2404:on 22 July 2011
2396:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2378:on 22 July 2011
2370:
2369:
2365:
2355:
2353:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2329:
2327:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2254:"A winter bull"
2252:
2251:
2247:
2237:
2235:
2224:"Photo Archive"
2222:
2221:
2214:
2204:
2202:
2201:on 15 July 2011
2193:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2175:on 16 July 2011
2162:
2161:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2109:The Independent
2102:
2101:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2035:
2033:
2019:
2018:
2014:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1969:"Великий Устюг"
1967:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1949:on 12 July 2012
1936:
1935:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1911:The Independent
1904:
1903:
1899:
1880:Karen Petrone,
1879:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1847:
1843:
1833:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1807:
1791:
1784:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1738:
1729:
1728:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1653:
1648:
1647:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1476:
1460:Western Ukraine
1455:Sviatyi Mykolai
1408:
1371:
1322:
1262:
1256:
1232:
1217:
1147:, but with the
1082:
863:
821:
761:
745:secular country
711:
691:Eastern Armenia
659:
635:
599:
549:
523:he is known as
498:
495:
492:
489:
465:
403:Mayor of Moscow
345:
333:, published in
331:Pavel Postyshev
297:The Snow Maiden
292:Rimsky-Korsakov
286:in Russian) by
279:The Snow Maiden
262:
236:Anti-Ded Moroz
230:
100:Russian culture
26:
23:
12:
11:
5:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5074:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5008:
5007:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4968:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4922:
4920:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4872:Smoking Bishop
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4812:
4810:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4797:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4670:
4668:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4619:
4617:
4606:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4587:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4560:
4555:
4553:Super Saturday
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4483:Giving Tuesday
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4433:Christmas club
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4331:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4310:
4299:
4297:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4280:Piae Cantiones
4276:
4269:
4262:
4252:
4246:Music charts (
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4210:
4208:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4041:
4039:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3763:
3761:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3715:Père Fouettard
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3686:
3684:
3681:Saint Nicholas
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3633:Grandpa Indian
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3601:Saint Nicholas
3597:
3595:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3539:Old Man Winter
3536:
3531:
3526:
3524:Miner's figure
3521:
3516:
3511:
3509:Kallikantzaros
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3473:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3439:Nativity scene
3436:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3324:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3274:Children's Day
3270:
3263:
3260:Blue Christmas
3255:
3252:
3251:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3204:
3196:
3188:
3176:
3171:
3157:
3156:External links
3154:
3152:
3151:
3133:
3100:
3076:
3048:
3016:
2995:
2983:
2964:
2937:
2917:
2900:Romania Libera
2887:
2857:
2826:
2796:
2769:
2758:on 7 July 2011
2735:
2704:
2689:
2678:(1): 173–188.
2662:
2636:
2619:The Sofia Echo
2605:
2594:
2568:
2542:
2525:
2516:
2489:
2482:
2464:
2442:
2415:
2389:
2363:
2337:
2315:
2293:
2271:
2245:
2228:gov.karelia.ru
2212:
2186:
2155:
2126:
2095:
2069:
2043:
2032:on 7 July 2011
2012:
1990:
1960:
1924:
1897:
1870:
1853:
1841:
1815:
1782:
1768:
1748:
1737:on 7 July 2011
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1687:Old Man Winter
1684:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1553:Dedushka Moroz
1502:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1475:
1472:
1444:Святий Миколай
1436:Saint Nicholas
1407:
1404:
1385:("Snowball").
1370:
1367:
1321:
1320:Sakha Republic
1318:
1291:New Year's Day
1255:
1252:
1231:
1228:
1216:
1213:
1179:Saint Nicholas
1081:
1078:
1059:Djed Božićnjak
1031:Djed Božićnjak
1001:Djed Božićnjak
989:Djed Božićnjak
977:Djed Božićnjak
862:
859:
820:
817:
799:Śviaty Mikałaj
794:Saint Nicholas
760:
757:
730:New Year's Eve
710:
707:
683:Russian Empire
658:
655:
634:
631:
627:Vologda Oblast
611:New Year's Eve
598:
595:
587:Saint Nicholas
577:"), and other
548:
545:
496:Winter Old Man
464:
461:
395:Vologda Oblast
375:Vladimir Putin
344:
341:
307:Following the
229:
226:
167:Vologda Oblast
152:New Year's Eve
112:Soviet culture
80:Saint Nicholas
24:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5084:
5083:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
4996:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4972:
4969:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4919:Meat and fish
4917:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4857:Hot chocolate
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4833:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4665:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4597:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4558:Ugly sweaters
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4468:Controversies
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4395:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4377:
4376:
4375:
4372:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4316:
4315:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4303:In literature
4301:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4290:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4201:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4172:United States
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4038:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3902:Moravian star
3900:
3898:
3897:Midnight Mass
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3787:Candle arches
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3777:Advent wreath
3775:
3773:
3772:Advent candle
3770:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3683:
3679:Companions of
3675:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:Gift-bringers
3586:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3463:
3457:
3456:Twelfth Night
3454:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3417:Nativity Fast
3415:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3375:Christmastide
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3350:Angel Gabriel
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3328:Biblical Magi
3326:
3325:
3323:
3317:
3311:
3306:
3304:
3299:
3297:
3292:
3290:
3285:
3283:
3281:Christmas Eve
3278:
3276:
3271:
3269:
3264:
3262:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3249:
3240:
3235:
3233:
3228:
3226:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3208:
3205:
3200:
3197:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3104:
3101:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3064:
3060:
3052:
3049:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3012:
3011:
3006:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2968:
2965:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2938:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2888:
2875:
2871:
2870:mongolnews.mn
2867:
2861:
2858:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2830:
2827:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2805:"Dobri možje"
2800:
2797:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2708:
2705:
2700:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2666:
2663:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2637:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2598:
2595:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2556:
2552:
2551:"Dzied Maroz"
2546:
2543:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2520:
2517:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2475:
2468:
2465:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2416:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2377:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2259:
2258:Russia Beyond
2255:
2249:
2246:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2156:
2144:
2140:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2099:
2096:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2044:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1890:0-253-33768-2
1887:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1842:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1771:
1769:9781576070635
1765:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1642:
1636:
1627:
1623:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1542:Дедушка Мороз
1539:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1492:Valentine Day
1489:
1485:
1481:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1450:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1403:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1237:
1236:socialist era
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1189:Christmas Eve
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1118:
1112:
1106:
1101:
1092:
1086:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1008:
1002:
996:
990:
984:
978:
972:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
947:
941:
932:
927:
921:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
860:
858:
855:
849:
838:
835:(Grandfather
833:
818:
816:
814:
809:
803:
800:
795:
791:
783:
778:
774:Ded Moroz is
770:
765:
758:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:
716:
708:
706:
704:
698:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
672:
664:
656:
654:
652:
648:
644:
640:
632:
630:
628:
624:
623:Veliky Ustyug
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
596:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
571:
570:
563:
558:
554:
546:
544:
541:
540:
534:
529:
528:
522:
517:
510:
504:
483:
476:
470:
462:
460:
458:
454:
450:
445:
443:
439:
434:
430:
426:
421:
420:celebration.
419:
418:Christmas Eve
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Veliky Ustyug
384:
383:Veliky Ustyug
380:
376:
372:
366:
361:
354:
353:Veliky Ustyug
351:Ded Moroz in
349:
342:
340:
338:
337:
332:
328:
324:
320:
319:
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
298:
293:
289:
285:
281:
280:
275:
270:
266:
261:
258:
250:
246:
239:
234:
227:
225:
223:
215:
211:
203:
199:
191:
187:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
163:Veliky Ustyug
160:
155:
153:
149:
145:
141:
140:
135:
130:
128:
124:
123:Old Man Frost
120:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
66:
57:
53:
49:
43:
38:
30:
21:
16:
4931:Gefilte fish
4879:Ponche crema
4714:Melomakarono
4582:
4473:Cyber Monday
4378:
4343:
4312:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4254:Music books
4247:
4085:Nazi Germany
3977:
3973:Secret Santa
3960:
3847:Flying Santa
3622:
3554:Tió de Nadal
3504:Korvatunturi
3355:Annunciation
3321:Christianity
3302:Sol Invictus
3210:(in Russian)
3202:(in Russian)
3194:(in Russian)
3145:
3136:
3124:. Retrieved
3120:the original
3115:
3103:
3095:the original
3088:
3079:
3067:. Retrieved
3062:
3051:
3039:. Retrieved
3035:the original
3028:
3019:
3008:
2998:
2986:
2967:
2955:. Retrieved
2951:the original
2940:
2929:
2920:
2908:. Retrieved
2904:the original
2899:
2890:
2878:. Retrieved
2874:the original
2869:
2860:
2848:. Retrieved
2844:the original
2839:
2829:
2817:. Retrieved
2813:the original
2808:
2799:
2790:
2760:. Retrieved
2756:the original
2751:
2726:. Retrieved
2722:the original
2717:
2707:
2698:
2692:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2653:. Retrieved
2649:the original
2639:
2627:. Retrieved
2623:the original
2618:
2608:
2597:
2585:. Retrieved
2571:
2559:. Retrieved
2555:the original
2545:
2528:
2519:
2507:. Retrieved
2502:
2492:
2473:
2467:
2455:. Retrieved
2445:
2433:. Retrieved
2429:the original
2418:
2406:. Retrieved
2402:the original
2392:
2380:. Retrieved
2376:the original
2366:
2354:. Retrieved
2340:
2328:. Retrieved
2318:
2306:. Retrieved
2296:
2284:. Retrieved
2274:
2262:. Retrieved
2257:
2248:
2236:. Retrieved
2232:the original
2227:
2203:. Retrieved
2199:the original
2189:
2177:. Retrieved
2173:the original
2168:
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2142:
2117:. Retrieved
2113:the original
2108:
2098:
2086:. Retrieved
2082:the original
2072:
2060:. Retrieved
2046:
2034:. Retrieved
2030:the original
2025:
2015:
2007:the original
2002:
1993:
1981:. Retrieved
1976:
1972:
1963:
1951:. Retrieved
1947:the original
1942:
1915:. Retrieved
1910:
1900:
1881:
1864:(in Russian)
1851:. In Russian
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1828:the original
1818:
1773:. Retrieved
1762:. ABC-CLIO.
1758:
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1735:the original
1570:Dziadek Mróz
1506:
1488:Soviet Union
1477:
1425:
1394:
1387:
1372:
1345:
1324:
1323:
1299:
1288:
1263:
1247:Övliin Övgön
1241:Өвлийн өвгөн
1233:
1218:
1153:Soviet Union
1097:
1073:Sveta Lucija
1018:Sveti Nikola
963:
864:
854:Dyado Koleda
832:Dyado Koleda
822:
804:
773:
740:
737:
733:
725:
721:
718:
712:
699:
675:Ձյունանուշիկ
660:
649:. After the
643:Eastern bloc
636:
619:
600:
552:
550:
466:
446:
423:The western
422:
399:Yury Luzhkov
388:
334:
316:
306:
295:
283:
277:
271:
254:
221:
209:
197:
179:
156:
137:
131:
127:Father Frost
126:
122:
51:
47:
46:
42:Ivan Bilibin
15:
4946:Roast goose
4867:Mulled wine
4847:Champurrado
4842:Apple cider
4816:Bread sauce
4769:Szaloncukor
4749:Pumpkin pie
4699:Gingerbread
4653:Smörgåsbord
4294:Other media
4132:Philippines
4122:New Zealand
4005:Twelve Days
3962:Räuchermann
3917:Nutcrackers
3867:Las Posadas
3827:Decorations
3807:Christingle
3747:Zwarte Piet
3742:Snegurochka
3663:Sinterklaas
3613:Santa Claus
3116:Комментарии
3063:РИА Новости
3041:12 December
2957:26 November
2880:11 December
2850:26 November
2762:26 November
2728:26 November
2672:Traditiones
2655:26 November
2629:26 November
2587:26 November
2561:26 November
2509:6 September
2497:modern.az.
2457:27 November
2435:20 November
2408:27 November
2382:27 November
2356:25 November
2330:25 November
2308:25 November
2286:25 November
2264:25 February
2205:25 November
2179:25 November
2148:25 November
2119:27 November
2088:27 November
2036:27 November
1917:12 December
1867:Fir Markets
1834:26 November
1808: [
1741:26 November
1705:Snegurochka
1675:Sinterklaas
1624:Дедо Мраз;
1622:Macedonian:
1589:Dzied Maroz
1399:Snegurochka
1376:Boboi Barfi
1313:Moş Crăciun
1271:Moş Crăciun
1140:babica Zima
1134:oca Triglav
1128:Sneženi mož
1102:, the name
1094:in Slovenia
826:Дядо Коледа
808:Dzied Maroz
777:Dzied Maroz
769:Snegurochka
679:Snegurochka
639:former USSR
593:, Germany.
579:Santa Claus
553:Dzied Maroz
438:Snegurochka
429:post-Soviet
425:Santa Claus
284:Snegurochka
276:. The play
274:Santa Claus
263: [
218:Снігуронька
198:Snegurochka
186:Snegurochka
144:magic stick
96:East Slavic
88:Santa Claus
40:Morozko by
5010:Categories
4674:Candy cane
4623:Joulupöytä
4523:Pikkujoulu
4187:New Mexico
4036:By country
4010:Wassailing
3951:Poinsettia
3758:Traditions
3710:Mrs. Claus
3690:Belsnickel
3643:Julemanden
3638:Joulupukki
3569:Wenceslaus
3534:North Pole
3499:Jack Frost
3489:Christkind
3444:Neapolitan
3267:Boxing Day
1713:References
1693:Moș Gerilă
1681:Jack Frost
1641:Djado Mraz
1578:Дзед Мароз
1574:Belarusian
1480:Uzbekistan
1474:Uzbekistan
1369:Tajikistan
1362:Kharchaana
1346:Khaarchana
1307:Moş Gerilă
1300:After the
1278:Moş Gerilă
1260:Moș Gerilă
1258:See also:
1195:Christkind
1149:Informbiro
1117:Dedek Mraz
1111:Dedek Mraz
1091:Dedek Mraz
1068:Saint Lucy
955:Dedek Mraz
911:Macedonian
899:Djeda Mraz
879:Montenegro
848:Dyado Mraz
786:Дзед Мароз
782:Belarusian
715:Azerbaijan
709:Azerbaijan
685:after the
647:Yugoslavia
569:Joulupukki
539:Chys Khaan
459:, Russia.
222:Snihurońka
202:Belarusian
194:Снегурочка
171:Belarusian
4961:Tourtière
4951:Romeritos
4888:Dumplings
4835:Beverages
4739:Pecan pie
4729:Panettone
4724:Pampushka
4719:Mince pie
4694:Fruitcake
4638:Réveillon
4518:NFL games
4513:NBA games
4508:In August
4478:Economics
4248:Billboard
4102:Indonesia
4045:Australia
4020:Yule goat
3995:Stockings
3929:Ornaments
3658:Père Noël
3653:Olentzero
3648:Noel Baba
3623:Ded Moroz
3579:Yule Lads
3519:Mari Lwyd
3370:Bethlehem
3247:Christmas
3069:3 January
3030:Asia-Plus
2910:1 January
2840:About.com
2752:About.com
2718:About.com
2503:modern.az
1699:Noel Baba
1635:romanized
1630:Дядо Мраз
1626:Bulgarian
1609:Did Moroz
1603:romanized
1598:Дід Мороз
1594:Ukrainian
1583:romanized
1562:Dedo Mráz
1547:romanized
1527:Ded Moroz
1521:romanized
1516:Дед Мороз
1449:romanized
1440:Ukrainian
1432:Дід Мороз
1428:Ukrainian
1418:sharovary
1341:Chyskhaan
1325:Chyskhaan
1266:Christmas
1165:Christmas
1105:Ded Moroz
1052:Kriskindl
1025:Djed Mraz
1007:Djed Mraz
995:Djed Mraz
983:Djed Mraz
971:Djed Mraz
946:Deda Mraz
940:romanized
935:Деда Мраз
926:Dedo Mraz
920:romanized
915:Дедо Мраз
907:Djed Mraz
883:Macedonia
842:Дядо Мраз
788:) in the
575:Yule Goat
562:Jõuluvana
527:Yamal Iri
516:Qış Babay
509:Кыш бабай
482:Qïš babay
475:Ҡыш бабай
442:Baba Yaga
313:bourgeois
214:Ukrainian
210:Sniahurka
108:communist
76:legendary
65:romanized
48:Ded Moroz
32:Ded Moroz
4994:Category
4965:meat pie
4956:Stuffing
4910:Varenyky
4779:Yule log
4754:Qurabiya
4628:Julebord
4601:Food and
4528:SantaCon
4493:El Gordo
4380:Yule Log
4152:Scotland
4065:Ethiopia
4050:Colombia
4025:Yule log
3979:Spanbaum
3956:Pyramids
3822:Crackers
3720:Sack Man
3606:folklore
3574:Yule cat
3479:Badalisc
3469:folklore
3380:Epiphany
3182:Archived
3165:Archived
3146:BBC News
2976:Archived
2791:24ur.com
2581:Archived
2350:Archived
2169:CBS News
2143:CBS News
2056:Archived
1913:. London
1651:See also
1484:New Year
1390:Dushanbe
1354:Харчаана
1230:Mongolia
1222:Ayaz Ata
1202:Jezušček
1199:(called
1169:New Year
1122:dormouse
1100:Slovenia
1080:Slovenia
1064:Dalmatia
959:New Year
903:Croatian
891:Slovenia
839:), with
819:Bulgaria
749:Ayaz Ata
726:Qar Qızı
703:Epiphany
671:Armenian
667:Ձմեռ Պապ
663:Armenian
451:for the
355:, Russia
327:Novy God
302:libretto
206:Снягурка
134:fur coat
74:), is a
4900:Pierogi
4895:Hallaca
4800:Borscht
4764:Stollen
4734:Pavlova
4709:Makówki
4689:Cozonac
4658:Wigilia
4543:Scrooge
4503:In July
4401:society
4333:Poetry
4167:Ukraine
4142:Romania
4107:Ireland
4097:Iceland
4092:Hungary
4080:Germany
4070:Finland
4060:England
4055:Denmark
4015:Windows
3946:Piñatas
3934:Parades
3887:Markets
3872:Letters
3862:Hampers
3705:Krampus
3544:Perchta
3484:Caganer
3010:Reuters
2819:2 April
2238:2 April
1775:2 April
1637::
1614:Serbian
1605::
1585::
1549::
1538:Russian
1523::
1512:Russian
1451::
1406:Ukraine
1333:Чысхаан
1254:Romania
1208:Božiček
1184:Božiček
1174:Miklavž
1157:Triglav
1145:Siberia
1036:Krampus
951:Slovene
942::
931:Serbian
922::
895:Bosnian
875:Croatia
759:Belarus
738:Yeni il
689:, when
657:Armenia
607:GLONASS
557:détente
490:
469:Bashkir
409:of the
401:, then
282:(named
190:Russian
139:valenki
71:Morozko
67::
60:Морозко
56:Russian
52:Morozko
4971:Turkey
4905:Tamale
4862:Kissel
4852:Eggnog
4809:Sauces
4795:Menudo
4774:Turrón
4684:Cookie
4667:Sweets
4633:Kūčios
4614:Dinner
4488:Grinch
4399:modern
4366:Tomten
4325:Santa,
4308:novels
4226:Operas
4214:Carols
4182:Hawaii
4162:Sweden
4157:Serbia
4147:Russia
4137:Poland
4127:Norway
4117:Mexico
4075:France
3990:Stamps
3985:Szopka
3877:Lights
3832:Didukh
3668:Others
3618:Befana
3564:Vertep
3427:in art
3395:Joseph
3345:Advent
3126:2 July
2480:
2062:2 July
1983:2 July
1953:2 July
1888:
1766:
1566:Polish
1558:Slovak
1382:Barfak
889:, and
887:Serbia
869:(i.e.
837:Koleda
585:, and
521:Nenets
501:), in
449:mascot
433:Slavic
365:Samara
336:Pravda
323:Soviet
257:Slavic
240:, 1928
159:Russia
148:troika
104:Soviet
86:, and
4704:Kutia
4603:drink
4231:Songs
4205:Music
4112:Italy
3968:Seals
3922:dolls
3852:Gifts
3792:Cards
3695:Elves
3559:Turoń
3529:Nisse
3494:Grýla
3390:Jesus
2537:(PDF)
1975:[
1812:]
1801:Мороз
1498:Notes
1350:Yakut
1329:Yakut
986:with
741:ağacı
734:Yolka
719:Şaxta
591:Celle
533:Yakut
503:Tatar
457:Sochi
407:Putin
318:kulak
300:with
267:]
119:Moroz
106:era,
50:, or
4926:Carp
4788:Soup
4679:Cake
4590:Xmas
4219:list
4000:Tree
3939:list
3400:Mary
3309:Yule
3128:2024
3071:2016
3043:2013
2959:2010
2912:2012
2882:2019
2852:2010
2821:2018
2764:2010
2730:2010
2657:2010
2631:2010
2589:2010
2563:2010
2511:2024
2478:ISBN
2459:2010
2437:2010
2410:2010
2384:2010
2358:2010
2332:2010
2310:2010
2288:2010
2266:2018
2240:2018
2207:2010
2181:2010
2150:2010
2121:2010
2090:2010
2064:2024
2038:2010
1985:2024
1955:2024
1919:2010
1886:ISBN
1836:2010
1777:2018
1764:ISBN
1743:2010
1163:and
998:and
722:Baba
573:or "
487:lit.
4936:Ham
3466:In
2680:doi
1098:In
1076:).
1028:or
865:In
736:or
713:In
625:in
617:).
455:in
393:in
294:'s
180:In
121:is
116:Ded
5012::
4569:")
4565:("
4397:In
3319:In
3144:.
3087:.
3027:.
3007:.
2898:.
2868:.
2838:.
2807:.
2772:^
2750:.
2738:^
2716:.
2676:38
2674:.
2617:.
2501:.
2256:.
2226:.
2215:^
2167:.
2141:.
2129:^
2107:.
2024:.
1941:.
1927:^
1909:.
1892:,
1873:^
1856:^
1810:ru
1799:,
1795:,
1785:^
1720:^
1632:,
1628::
1620:;
1616::
1612:;
1600:,
1596::
1592:;
1580:,
1576::
1572:;
1568::
1564:;
1560::
1556:;
1544:,
1540::
1530:,
1518:,
1514::
1494:.
1446:,
1442::
1430::
1356:,
1352::
1335:,
1331::
1316:.
1304:,
1244:,
1177:("
1048:,
968:,
953::
949:;
937:,
933::
929:;
917:,
913::
909:;
905::
901:;
897::
885:,
881:,
877:,
873:,
845:,
829:,
815:.
784::
755:.
697:.
673::
665::
581:,
513:,
485:,
479:,
377:,
269:.
265:ru
220:,
216::
212:;
208:,
204::
200:;
196:,
192::
177:.
165:,
154:.
129:.
82:,
62:,
58::
4967:)
4963:(
4368:"
4364:"
4361:"
4357:"
4354:"
4350:"
4340:"
4336:"
4330:)
4250:)
3238:e
3231:t
3224:v
3130:.
3073:.
3045:.
3013:.
2961:.
2914:.
2884:.
2854:.
2823:.
2766:.
2732:.
2686:.
2682::
2659:.
2633:.
2591:.
2565:.
2513:.
2486:.
2461:.
2439:.
2412:.
2386:.
2334:.
2312:.
2290:.
2268:.
2242:.
2209:.
2183:.
2152:.
2123:.
2092:.
2066:.
2040:.
1987:.
1957:.
1921:.
1838:.
1745:.
1510:(
1438:(
1348:(
1327:(
1070:(
780:(
499:'
493:'
188:(
54:(
22:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
