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Defensivism has a standpoint that only defensive actions are moral. One may move to aid someone in immediate danger or protect oneself from immediate harm. To a country, it holds that a military force may never leave its own borders except to move to the aid of someone else, and in such a situation,
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proposed a version of defensivism, which he called "revolutionary defensivism" in which war is pursued only as a matter of necessity, not for the sake of conquest. The latter, in his view, is pursued for capitalist interest and annexation rather than democratic peace. There were Soviet thinkers who
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That does not apply if an aggressor remains an imminent threat upon retreat, as in the case of a gunman shooting a police officer and then fleeing into the public still armed. In such cases, the assailant's "retreat" from the first scene still poses an imminent threat to the public, which gives
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In principle, any form of pre-emptive strike, capture, revenge, or firing the first actual shot or throwing the first actual blow is against the defensivist standpoint. If an action must be halted to stop an aggressor from achieving a goal to harm, defensivism allows for actions that assist in
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removing an imminent threat such as searching an airline passenger for bombs, stopping an aggressor from detonating a bomb, and stopping an aggressor from harming an innocent person. Pre-emptive action must be taken only to mitigate an imminent threat, not to remove a potential threat.
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defenders the right to pursue the threat and to use force to defend the public from further danger by apprehending the assailant or using any force that is necessary to mitigate the danger.
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Any form of combative action must cease once the opposition stops fighting, withdraws, surrenders, or ceases the aggressive action.
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In foreign policy, defensivism is equated with the policy of a free society, which stresses the social primacy of liberty.
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The
Russian Revolution, Volume I: 1917-1918: From the Overthrow of the Tsar to the Assumption of Power by the Bolsheviks
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Generally, defensivism allows the taking of life only if the life that would be taken actively threatens another life.
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that it may protect from harm only if it is specifically invited to, with no aggressive action taken.
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with limited war aims, as opposed to an objective of complete destruction.
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Clausewitz and
Escalation: Classical Perspective on Nuclear Strategy
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described a defensive war strategy that drew from the works of
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is a philosophical standpoint related in spirit to the
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257:Chamberlin, William Henry (2014-07-14).
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133:based philosophies, such as
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