404:; at the Fourth Congress of the Front Hoxha stated that, "The idea that 'there are special people to supervise the activity of government employees' should be discarded as a erroneous idea which hampers the initiative of the masses and that of the organizations of the Democratic Front to organize and encourage worker supervision.... The organizations of the Front should be more active and combative as rostrums whence the powerful voice of criticism by the masses should be heard about every shortcoming and weakness in the work of state organs and of persons employed in them. They should show more courage and severity towards every one who looks down upon and smothers their voice. State problems are the concern of the working people as a whole... a major role belongs to the organization of the Democratic Front to increase the participation of the masses in the study and solution of major problems of state, to make the masses fully aware of the duty to take active work in running the affairs of the country. Without this we cannot speak of enforcing further democratization of the people's power, of fighting bureaucratism." According to a 1982 government work, "The Democratic Front has played and still plays an important role in the struggle against bureaucracy... encourag the control of the masses over the state organs and the persons working there.... At their meetings, the organizations of the Democratic Front encourage the broad and free debating of problems which concern and preoccupy them. In particular, they stimulate open and unrestricted criticism by the masses of shortcomings and errors."
298:
social organizations, the Front is called upon to carry out all-round work with the urban and rural masses to make the policy, orientations and directives of the Party clear to them, to educate them in the spirit of socialist patriotism, revolutionary vigilance, combat readiness and irreconcilability towards all alien manifestations, to constantly strengthen and temper the unity of the people. The
Democratic Front has been and remains a great tribune of the revolutionary opinion of the masses, a powerful lever of the Party to draw the working people into governing the country and solving problems of the socialist construction and the defence of the homeland."
108:
294:
The role of the front was the mobilization and political education of the broad masses of the people and the strengthening of the political unity of the
Albanian people around the CPA.... The leading force in the front was the working class, to which were now opened wide vistas of increasing in numbers and becoming an industrial working class of a high socialist consciousness... The laboring peasantry, which had borne the brunt of battle in the National-liberation War, remained the broadest base of the Democratic Front."
33:
753:
714:
675:
636:
597:
558:
519:
488:
480:
880:
873:
837:
830:
799:
792:
761:
722:
683:
644:
605:
566:
527:
293:
Party historiography summed up the early work of the Front as follows: "The front was to be the mainstay of the people's power in its struggle to safeguard freedom and national independence, to reconstruct the country, to achieve its economic, social and cultural development on the road to socialism.
290:
and cultural fields." Subsequent
Congresses were held in May 1950, June 1955, September 1967, June 1979 and June 1989. The Front gained official recognition alongside labor unions, cooperatives, and other mass organizations of the Party of Labour in July 1950 following amendments to the Constitution.
289:
Chairman, renamed itself the
Democratic Front, and oriented its work "against the manoeuvres of reaction, its organizational consolidation, the activization of the masses in concrete actions, the political mobilization of the whole people to wipe out the remnants of fascism in the political, economic
412:
and other customs deemed backward, as well as promote in the countryside a better quality of life through improved hygiene, communal and educational services, and greater access to culture. At the Sixth
Congress of the Front in 1989 Nexhmije Hoxha noted that, "The Democratic Front has always been in
284:
was established at the initiative of the
Communist Party of Albania and with the aim of uniting all Albanians in a national liberation war against the Italian (and later Nazi German) occupiers. On November 29, 1944 the country was liberated, and the NLF began its First Congress on August 5, 1945. It
375:
In general practice it was tasked with "enlist the widest possible support for the party's programme and its revolutionary enterprises... disseminat the teachings of
Marxist-Leninist ideology beyond the narrow circle of the communist Ă©lite, it campaigns against political, social and other attitudes
407:
The Front and its organizations were also tasked with "transmitting the Party line to the people, in educating them in political unity around the Party and the socialist state and also in providing organised attendance to what the masses in the countryside and cities have to say so that they can
297:
At the 7th
Congress of the Party of Labour in 1976 Hoxha referred to the Front as a "great political organization which realizes the unity of the Albanian people under the leadership of the Party, has wide scope of action in this field." Continuing, he stated that, "In cooperation with the other
363:
of candidates, winning over 93% of the vote. Hoxha later recalled that, "The list of the Front found the approval of the masses everywhere, and this fact was so evident that reaction did not even attempt to organize itself and to come out with a list of its own." During the subsequent period in
272:(known between 1941 and 1948 as the Communist Party of Albania), which united all other mass organizations of the Party within it. The party was responsible for carrying out the Party's cultural and social programs to the masses, and was in charge of nominating candidates in elections.
313:
was the deputy chairman of the organization during those years. As a result of the 12th Plenum of the
Central Committee of the Party of Labour in November 1990 the Front as well as other mass organizations were given the ability to put forward multiple candidates in elections to the
396:
notes that, "The PLA has always regarded the unity of the people in the
Democratic Front as a unity of classes, strata and people who have no antagonistic contradictions, who are linked by common interests and aims for one or more definite historical stages."
334:, and other perceived anti-state elements. Albanian author Anton Logoreci writes that, "Without a Democratic Front card cannot obtain work, get a ration book (when one is required), make a purchase at government stores and so on." Its newspaper was titled
408:
participate actively in solving social and state problems and in struggling against regressive habits and tendencies inimical the building of socialism." Together with other mass organizations the Front also played a role in the struggle against religion,
364:
Albanian history no electoral list opposite that of the Front was tolerated. In these elections the Front and the mass organizations united within it nominated members of electoral committees and presented candidates. Unlike other states in
376:
regarded as harmful or reactionary by the party leadership." It united all "organizations of trade unions, of the youth and students, of women, of veterans from the national liberation struggle and of pioneers" such as the
372:
noted that "there have never been other political parties in the country has been a very favorable phenomenon for the working class, the people, for the revolution and socialism in Albania."
1285:
1290:
1300:
999:
Report on the activity of the Central Committee of the Party of Labour of Albania: Submitted to the 7th Congress of the Party of Labour of Albania, November 1, 1976
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1305:
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281:
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107:
42:
915:
75:
1007:
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the front lines to free the people from the chains of religion and the savage laws of the unwritten code of the mountains."
389:
178:
1044:
1310:
269:
1315:
46:
381:
377:
954:. Praeger Publications in Russian History and World Communism. New York: Frederick A. Praeger. p. 67.
997:
973:
Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies at the Central Committee of the Party of Labor of Albania (1971).
315:
191:
1201:
Report on the Role and Tasks of the Democratic Front for the Complete Triumph of Socialism in Albania
241:
231:
216:
340:
306:
128:
53:
1003:
978:
955:
911:
349:
265:
257:
221:
949:
344:
constituted the main political news organs. The Front also had a semiweekly newspaper titled
326:
The Democratic Front was open to all Albanians aged eighteen and older excepting the former
206:
1247:
Religious Liberty in Eastern Europe and the USSR: Before and After the Great Transformation
17:
853:
365:
360:
302:
1259:
310:
1040:
57:
460:
327:
286:
118:
409:
401:
196:
186:
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independently of the PLA. In the 1991-1992 period the Front was disbanded.
1087:. London: Victor Gollancz Ltd. 1977. p. 189. Same claim in Skendi, p. 87.
400:
In relations among the people the Front sought to expand the practice of
201:
161:
977:. Tirana, Albania: Naim Frashëri Publishing House. pp. 254–55.
305:
served as Chairwoman of the Front from 1986 until being replaced by
1026:. Plymouth: Scarecrow Press, Inc. 2010. p. 195. Vickers, Miranda.
331:
982:
959:
934:
The History of the Socialist Construction of Albania (1944-1975)
937:. Tirana, Albania: 8 Nëntori Publishing House. pp. 16–18.
26:
1203:. Tirana: 8 NĂ«ntori Publishing House. 1974. pp. 63-65.
1100:. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press. 1988. p. 14.
1002:. Toronto: Norman Bethune Institute. pp. 140–41.
1249:. New York: Columbia University Press. 1992. p. 129.
1215:. Tirana: 8 NĂ«ntori Publishing House. 1982. p. 139.
1142:
Pickaxe and Rifle: The Story of the Albanian People
1030:. New York: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd. 1999. p. 217.
215:
177:
167:
157:
149:
134:
124:
114:
93:
1122:. London: Workers' Publishing House. 1984. p. 563.
1063:Albania in Transition: The Rocky Road to Democracy
359:held in December 1945 the Front submitted its own
1144:. London: Howard Baker Press Ltd. 1974. p. 103.
1065:. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. 1998. pp. 61-62.
910:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. p. 48.
8:
1045:"'In the Palace of Nightmares': An Exchange"
392:, and other mass organizations. The Party's
1286:Defunct left-wing political party alliances
1085:The Albanians: Europe's Forgotten Survivors
106:
90:
56:. Please do not remove this message until
1178:. London: C. Hurst & Co. 1975. p. 64.
1120:Laying the Foundations of the New Albania
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
1301:Political parties disestablished in 1992
975:History of the Party of Labor of Albania
425:
386:League of Writers and Artists of Albania
52:Relevant discussion may be found on the
898:
301:Following the death of Hoxha, his wife
1291:People's Socialist Republic of Albania
1296:Political parties established in 1945
931:Omari, Luan; Pollo, Stefanaq (1988).
7:
1098:Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe
1306:Popular fronts of communist states
25:
1271:1992 disestablishments in Albania
368:, the Party of Labour's official
1024:Historical Dictionary of Albania
908:The People's Republic of Albania
878:
871:
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1028:The Albanians: A Modern History
1266:1945 establishments in Albania
879:
872:
836:
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798:
791:
760:
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682:
643:
604:
565:
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262:Fronti Demokratik i Shqipërisë
99:Fronti Demokratik i Shqipërisë
88:Political party in Albania
1:
1109:Omari & Pollo, pp. 41-42.
390:Labour Youth Union of Albania
338:, which with the Party daily
948:Skendi, Stavro, ed. (1956).
355:In Albania's first post war
309:in 1990. The famous writer
280:On September 16, 1942, the
254:Democratic Front of Albania
96:Democratic Front of Albania
58:conditions to do so are met
1332:
1281:Party of Labour of Albania
1276:Anti-fascist organizations
459:
270:Party of Labour of Albania
18:Democratic Front (Albania)
1176:Albania and the Albanians
906:Pano, Nicolas C. (1968).
282:National Liberation Front
227:
105:
138:August 5, 1945
422:Parliamentary elections
382:Union of Albanian Women
378:Trade Unions of Albania
217:Political position
261:
1174:Marmullaku, Ramadan.
996:Hoxha, Enver (1977).
886:Sole legal coalition
843:Sole legal coalition
805:Sole legal coalition
767:Sole legal coalition
728:Sole legal coalition
689:Sole legal coalition
650:Sole legal coalition
611:Sole legal coalition
572:Sole legal coalition
533:Sole legal coalition
494:Sole legal coalition
1234:Portrait of Albania
1213:Portrait of Albania
1043:(15 January 1998).
232:Politics of Albania
45:of this article is
1188:History of the PLA
1154:History of the PLA
1096:Starr, Richard F.
264:) was the largest
1311:Stalinist parties
1165:Logoreci, p. 189.
1083:Logoreci, Anton.
890:
889:
417:Electoral history
316:People's Assembly
266:mass organization
250:
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237:Political parties
86:
85:
78:
16:(Redirected from
1323:
1316:Hoxhaist parties
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207:Anti-revisionism
192:Marxism–Leninism
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1245:Mozjes, Paul.
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1236:, pp. 139-140.
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1199:Hoxha, Enver.
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1140:Ash, William.
1133:
1131:Skendi, p. 87.
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350:Greek minority
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307:Adil Çarçani
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158:Headquarters
129:Adil Çarçani
115:First leader
72:
63:
41:
1049:nybooks.com
461:Enver Hoxha
450:Government
328:bourgeoisie
287:Enver Hoxha
125:Last leader
119:Enver Hoxha
1260:Categories
1009:0888030231
893:References
858:1,830,652
815:1,627,959
777:1,436,285
738:1,248,528
699:1,097,122
410:patriarchy
346:Laiko Vima
142:1945-08-05
66:April 2017
43:neutrality
1190:, p. 660.
1156:, p. 660.
866:250 / 250
823:250 / 250
785:250 / 250
746:250 / 250
707:264 / 264
668:240 / 240
629:214 / 214
590:188 / 188
551:134 / 134
512:121 / 121
447:Position
429:Election
402:criticism
322:Functions
242:Elections
197:Stalinism
187:Communism
168:Newspaper
150:Dissolved
54:talk page
983:73170773
960:55011625
660:978,114
621:889,828
582:778,812
543:701,942
504:626,005
465:505,304
357:election
348:for the
336:Bashkimi
303:Nexhmije
285:elected
258:Albanian
222:Far-left
202:Hoxhaism
179:Ideology
172:Bashkimi
47:disputed
951:Albania
585:98.82%
473:82 / 82
394:History
370:History
276:History
268:of the
140: (
135:Founded
1006:
981:
958:
914:
546:99.9%
507:98.2%
468:93.7%
441:Seats
435:Votes
388:, the
384:, the
380:, the
332:kulaks
162:Tirana
861:100%
818:100%
780:100%
741:100%
702:100%
663:100%
624:100%
1004:ISBN
979:LCCN
956:LCCN
912:ISBN
883:1st
849:1987
840:1st
811:1982
802:1st
773:1978
764:1st
734:1974
725:1st
695:1970
686:1st
656:1966
647:1st
617:1962
608:1st
578:1958
569:1st
539:1954
530:1st
500:1950
491:1st
456:1945
444:+/–
361:list
252:The
153:1992
40:The
756:14
717:24
678:26
639:26
600:54
561:13
522:39
483:82
1262::
1047:.
438:%
352:.
330:,
260::
1051:.
1012:.
985:.
962:.
920:.
256:(
144:)
79:)
73:(
68:)
64:(
60:.
50:.
20:)
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