483:(basic science examination in anatomy, histology, physiology, biochemistry, pathology and microbiology) and the Final Examination (clinical subjects in dentistry). After the successful completion of the examinations and meeting the college requirements, the candidate is awarded the title of Fellow of Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons (FRACDS). For the dental specialists, the exam pathway is similar (Primary Examinations) and then clinical/oral examinations just prior to completing the specialist training leads to the award of the title Member of Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons in Special Field Stream (MRACDS (SFS)). For the busy GP dentists, MRACDS in general stream is also available.
1247:
to as GPR and AEGD. Most GPR and AEGD programs are one year in duration, but several are two years long or provide an optional second year. GPR programs are usually affiliated with a hospital and thus require the dentist to treat a wide variety of patients including trauma, critically ill, and medically compromised patients. Additionally, GPR programs require residents to rotate through various departments within the hospital, such as anesthesia, internal medicine, and emergency medicine, to name a few. AEGD programs are usually in a dental-school setting where the focus is treating complex cases in a comprehensive manner.
1330:(CITA) are the five regional testing agencies that administer licensing examinations. Once the examination is passed, the dentist may then apply to individual states that accept the regional board test passed. Each state requires prospective practitioners to pass an ethics/jurisprudence examination, as well, before a license is granted. To maintain one's dental license, the doctor must complete Continuing Dental Education (CDE) courses periodically (usually annually). This promotes the continued exploration of knowledge. The amount of CE required varies from state to state, but is generally 10-25 CE hours a year.
690:(PhD) research is strongly encouraged alongside postgraduate training, which is available in all four universities and lasts an additional 3–6 years. Starting in 2014, the University of Helsinki introduced a new doctoral training system. In this new system, all doctoral candidates belong to a doctoral programme within a doctoral school. FINDOS Helsinki – Doctoral Programme in Oral Sciences – is a programme in the Doctoral School in Health Sciences.
644:). Recently, China has a new name for its master's degree as Master of Stomatological Medicine (MSM). The MSM has been offered by top class Chinese universities. This program includes a comprehensive syllabus to produce graduates with extensive knowledge in respective specialties, skills in clinical practice, and research potential. The other branches of dentistry remain the same as American universities.
1294:
Birmingham, University of
Louisville, University of Puerto Rico, Rutgers University, Tufts University, Oregon Health and Sciences University, University of Pennsylvania, Case Western Reserve University, University of Illinois at Chicago, Boston University, Temple University, Western University of Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, and East Carolina University.
25:
680:
partially combined with physicians' second phase. Third-phase clinical training lasts for the remaining three years and includes periods of being on call at
University Central Hospital Trauma Centre, Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, and the Children's clinic. Candidates who successfully complete the fourth year of training qualify for a paid summer rotation in a
1505:
1156:, is also required for potential dental students. The DAT is usually taken during the spring semester of one's junior year. The vast majority of dental schools require an interview before admissions can be granted. The interview is designed to evaluate the motivation, character, and personality of the applicant.
1174:
Dental school is four academic years in duration and is similar in format to medical school: two years of basic medical and dental sciences, followed by two years of clinical training (with continued didactic coursework). Before graduating, every dental student must successfully complete the
National
1159:
For the 2009–2010 application cycle, 11,632 applicants applied for admission to dental schools in the United States. Just 4,067 were eventually accepted. The average dental school applicant entering the school year in 2009 had an overall GPA of 3.54 and a science GPA of 3.46. Additionally, their mean
1071:
Many universities award BDS and a few BChD (Baccalaureus
Chirurgiae Dental) degrees. In Nigeria, training in dentistry is through a six-year course, typically, three years of preclinical training followed by three years of clinical training after passing part I exams comprising anatomy, biochemistry,
630:
Canada has a reciprocal accreditation agreement with
Australia, Ireland, and the United States, which recognize the dental training of graduates of Canadian dental schools. Obtaining licensure to work in any of the three other countries often requires additional steps, such as successfully completing
1281:
on "Doctoris" instead of the nominative "Doctor" simply reflects that the syntax on the diploma was "the degree of Doctor of Dental
Medicine"; they are both correct.) The assertion that "dentistry was not a science" reflected the view that dental surgery was an art informed by science, not a science
1345:
are recognized in the United States. Becoming a specialist requires one to train in a residency or advanced graduate training program. Once residency is completed, the doctor is granted a certificate of specialty training. Many specialty programs have optional or required advanced degrees such as a
1246:
After graduating, the vast majority of new dentists go directly into practice, while others enter a residency program. Some residency programs train dentists in advanced general dentistry such as
General Practice Residencies and Advanced Education in General Dentistry Residencies, commonly referred
1037:
Many universities award BDS degrees, including the
University of Sheffield, the University of Bristol, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Birmingham, the University of Liverpool, the University of Manchester, the University of Glasgow, the University of Dundee,
751:
In India, training in dentistry is through a five-year
Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) course, which includes four years of study followed by one year of internship. As of 2019, 310 colleges (40 run by the government and 292 in the private sector) were offering dental education. This amounts to an
652:
In
Finland, education in dentistry is through a 5.5-year Licenciate of Dental Medicine (DMD or DDS) course, which is offered after high school graduation. Application is by a national combined dental and medical school entry examination. As of 2011, dentistry is provided by Faculties of Medicine in
1075:
As of 2022, 11 dental schools, were active, including two with partial accreditations. Fully accredited programs are at the University of Lagos, University of Ibadan, University of Benin, University of Port-Harcourt, University of Nigeria (Enugu), University of Maiduguri, Bayero University (Kano),
491:
The graduation in Dentistry is named here as Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) also have diploma in Dentistry. At present there are three universities that have medical faculty that offer dental degrees: The University of Dhaka, the University of Chittagong, the University of Rajshahi, and diplomas
1492:
Dentists who have completed accredited specialty training programs in these fields are designated registrable (U.S. "Board Eligible") and warrant exclusive titles such as anesthesiologist, orthodontist, oral and maxillofacial surgeon, endodontist, pedodontist, periodontist, or prosthodontist upon
639:
China has many universities teaching dental degrees both at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Chinese universities have adapted the programmes of American and European degrees. The undergraduate degree is Bachelor of Medicine with a major in stomatology or dental surgery, and the postgraduate
482:
Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons (RACDS) is a postgraduate body that focuses on postgraduate training of general practitioners and specialist dentists. Additional postgraduate qualifications can be obtained through the college after the candidate has completed the Primary Examination
679:
The first phase of training begins with a unified two-year preclinical training for dentists and physicians. Problem-based learning (PBL) is employed depending on university. The third year-autumn consists of clinico, theoretical phase in pathology, genetics, radiology and public health, and is
1272:
was the first dental school to award the DMD degree. Harvard only grants degrees in Latin, and the Latin translation of Doctor of Dental Surgery, "Chirurgiae Dentium Doctoris", did not share the "DDS" initials of the English term. "The degree 'Scientiae Dentium Doctoris', which would leave the
1264:
The DDS (Doctor of Dental Surgery) and DMD (Doctor of Dental Medicine) are the same degrees. They are awarded upon graduation from dental school to become a General Dentist. The majority of dental schools award the DDS degree; however, some award a DMD degree. The education and degrees are, in
1293:
Some other prominent dental schools that award the DMD degree are the University of Florida, Midwestern University-IL, Midwestern University-AZ, Medical University of South Carolina, Augusta University (formerly Medical College of Georgia), University of Connecticut, University of Alabama at
1289:
Other dental schools made the switch to this notation, and in 1989, 23 of the 66 North American dental schools awarded the DMD. No meaningful difference exists between the DMD and DDS degrees, and all dentists must meet the same national and regional certification standards to practice.
407:(*) indicates new university dental programs that have opened up to aim at increasing the number of rural dental students entering and to return to rural practice. Traditional "sandstone" universities have been Sydney, Melbourne, Queensland, Adelaide and Western Australia.
1277:; "Scientiae Dentium Doctoris" = "Doctoris Dentium Scientiae".) A Latin scholar was consulted. It was finally decided that "Medicinae Doctoris" be modified with "Dentariae". This is how the DMD, or "Doctor Medicinae Dentariae" degree, was started. (The genitive inflection
473:
Australia and Canada have a reciprocal accreditation agreement, which allows graduates of Canadian or Australian dental schools to register in either country. However, this only applies to the graduates of 2011 class and does not apply to the previous years' graduates.
464:
had been recognizing the Australian and New Zealand dental qualification as registrable degree until 2000. Graduates who have applied for dental license registration in the United Kingdom now have to sit the Overseas Registration Exam (ORE), a three-part examination.
1309:
To practice, a dentist must pass a licensing examination administered by an individual state or more commonly a region. A handful of states maintain independent dental licensing examinations, while the majority accept a regional board examination. The
1072:
and physiology. This is followed by one year of internship or housemanship, after which graduates can go into clinical practice as general dentists. Some go on to specialty training by completing a residency program, to become hospital consultants.
436:
The Faculty of Dentistry awards Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) and Master of Community Dentistry (MComDent) for public health & community dentistry, and Doctorate in Clinical Dentistry (DClinDent) for the other dental specialties.
2477:
986:
offered the BChD degree. In 2004, the dental faculties of the University of the Western Cape and Stellenbosch University merged and moved to the University of the Western Cape, which is currently the largest dental school in Africa.
1175:
Board Dental Examination Part I and II (commonly referred to as NBDE I & II). The NBDE Part I is usually taken at the end of the second year after the majority of the didactic courses have been completed. The NBDE Part I covers
2622:
1255:
In the United States, the Doctor of Dental Surgery and Doctor of Dental Medicine are terminal professional doctorates, which qualify a professional for licensure. The DDS and DMD degrees are considered equivalent. The
327:
In the U.S., most dental specialists attain Board Certification (Diplomate Status) by completing a series of written and oral examinations with the appropriate Boards. e.g. Diplomate, American Board of Periodontics.
1038:
the University of Aberdeen, King's College London, the University of Cardiff, Newcastle University, Queen's University Belfast, the University of Central Lancashire, and Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry.
1462:: seven or more years of experience in the practice of implant dentistry and have completed at least 75 implant cases. Applicants must successfully complete both the Part I and Part II examination within four year
261:
Certificate, Anesthesiology/Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology/Endodontics/Prosthodontics/Periodontics/Orthodontics/Dental Public Health/Pediatric Dentistry/OMS (American Dental Association – recognized specialty
1631:
1811:
853:
Training in South Africa generally comprises the five-year Bachelor of Dental Surgery, followed by one year's compulsory medical service/internship. The country has five universities with dental faculties:
413:
Postgraduate training is available in all dental specialties. Degrees awarded used to be Master of Dental Surgery/Science (MDS/MDSc), but lately have changed to Doctorate in Clinical Dentistry (DClinDent).
1889:
History of Dental Surgery: History of the development of dentistry, operative dentistry, prosthetic dentistry, orthodontia, oral surgery, dental literature, dental journalism, dental education and dental
2439:
2409:
2607:
755:
The three-year, full-time postgraduate Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) is the highest degree in dentistry awarded in India, and its holders are bestowed as consultants in one of these specialties:
2655:
2340:
2345:
2350:
1970:
2404:
2592:
2389:
2733:
2449:
2129:
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Both Australia and New Zealand recognize the educational and professional qualifications and grant professional licenses via reciprocity identical to the United States and Canada.
2660:
410:
Sydney (as of 2001), Melbourne (as of 2010) and Western Australia (as of 2013) have switched to 4-year graduate program that require a previous bachelor's degree for admission.
2414:
941:
492:
also by the state medical faculty. These public universities have dental colleges and hospitals that may be publicly or privately funded, that offer education for the degree.
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2523:
2424:
2270:
2235:
1056:
2993:
2955:
2918:
2881:
2419:
2250:
2378:
2225:
1094:. No particular course of study is required as an undergraduate other than completing the requisite "predental" courses, which generally includes one year of general
1090:
In the United States, at least three years of undergraduate education are required to be admitted to a dental school; however, most dental schools require at least a
274:
In commonwealth countries, the Royal Colleges of Dentistry (or Faculty of Dentistry of the college) awards post-nominals upon completion of a series of examinations.
2680:
2627:
2576:
2374:
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2100:
1333:
The completion of a dental degree can be followed by either an entrance into private practice, further postgraduate study and training, or research and academics.
3169:
2305:
2230:
1273:
initials of DDS unchanged, was then considered, but was rejected on the ground that dentistry was not a science." (The word order in Latin is not fixed, only the
2647:
2513:
2503:
2483:
2464:
1311:
1925:
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2399:
2335:
2320:
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2191:
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1523:
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2394:
2325:
2315:
2255:
2201:
2637:
2602:
2541:
2360:
2295:
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1142:, etc. The majority of predental students major in a science, but this is not required as some students elect to major in a nonscience-related field.
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2444:
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2310:
2240:
2161:
2791:
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1978:
1319:
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1327:
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1002:
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in at least the jurisdiction in which the degree was presented, assuming local and federal government licensure requirements are met.
2434:
2260:
1269:
845:
108:
1753:
2454:
1852:
1402:
1323:
1315:
2908:
2748:
2670:
1286:—notwithstanding that the scientific component of dentistry is today recognized in the Doctor of Dental Science (DDSc) degree.
962:
400:
1041:
In the Republic of Ireland, the University College Cork awards BDS degrees and Trinity College Dublin awards BDentSc degrees.
2847:
2561:
2536:
2355:
2220:
1376:
1351:
1085:
936:
803:
563:
46:
42:
2048:
89:
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satisfying certain local (U.S. "Board Certified"), (Australia/NZ: "FRACDS"), or (Canada: "FRCD(C)") registry requirements.
2801:
2384:
1711:
672:
593:
569:
61:
2104:
1482:
Geriatric Dentistry: ranges from a weekend course to a 2-year masters course depending on the certificate issuing agency.
1203:. The NBDE Part II is usually taken during winter of the last year of dental school and consists of operative dentistry,
3204:
2690:
2473:
2370:
2154:
1346:
master's degree: (MS, MSc, MDS, MSD, MDSc, MMSc, MPhil, or MDent), doctoral degree: (DClinDent, DChDent, DMSc, PhD), or
831:
527:
539:
2904:
2776:
2771:
1298:
1257:
877:
278:
Fellow of the Medical College in Dental Surgery (FMCDS), the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria (NPMCN)
68:
2469:
1835:
575:
2000:
826:. The two schools have six-year program and grant the Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) degrees. In recent decades,
35:
3199:
2840:
2811:
2806:
1933:
1394:
608:
3209:
2973:
2743:
2723:
2300:
2214:
2210:
2206:
370:
358:
75:
1660:
604:, while the remaining Canadian dental schools offer the Doctor of Dental Medicine degree to their graduates.
2900:
2713:
2566:
2498:
2186:
2147:
1690:
1476:
983:
807:
681:
394:
2074:
251:
In some universities, especially in the United States, some postgraduate programs award certificates only.
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916:
815:
657:
557:
461:
382:
57:
3007:
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1358:
1200:
1146:
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of their choice. Annual intake of dentists into Faculties of Medicine is a national total 160 students.
597:
589:
551:
376:
287:
Membership in the Faculty of Dental Surgery of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
3121:
3077:
2983:
2969:
2927:
2872:
2796:
2708:
2546:
1432:
1091:
687:
601:
545:
352:
163:
1783:
1160:
DAT Academic Average (AA) was 19.00, while their DAT Perceptual Ability Test (PAT) score was 19.40.
495:
At present, postgraduate degrees in specialized dentistry exist in main four clinical specialities:
3135:
3112:
3097:
2816:
2738:
2728:
1426:
819:
662:
581:
518:
426:
388:
364:
124:
3194:
3039:
2786:
2196:
1485:
1342:
667:
2964:
3131:
2895:
2821:
2781:
1894:
1887:
1599:
1488:– ranges from a weekend course to a 1-year course depending on the certificate issuing agency.
1153:
1103:
533:
179:
1301:
do not include the DDS and DMD among the degrees that are equivalent to research doctorates.
3161:
3117:
3034:
2890:
2531:
1589:
281:
Fellow of the West African College of Surgeons (FWACS), the West African College of Surgeons
82:
3156:
3140:
3102:
3087:
3054:
2864:
1839:
1510:
1150:
1111:
1044:
The University of Leeds awards BChD and MChD (Bachelor/Master of Dental Surgery) degrees.
795:
1712:"Dentistry – University of Leeds – Faculty of Medicine And Health – University of Leeds"
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1761:
1594:
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1408:
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1347:
1236:
1224:
1196:
1018:
1122:. Some dental schools have requirements that go beyond the basic requirements such as
3188:
2170:
1447:
1414:
1397:
1 year (a prosthodontist may elect to sub-specialize in maxillofacial prosthodontics)
1176:
1006:
799:
290:
Membership in the Faculty of Dental Surgery of the Royal College Surgeons (MFDS RCS)
3044:
2101:"Dentistry | DOCTOR OF CLINICAL DENTISTRY (DClinDent) in Paediatric Dentistry"
1382:
1364:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1204:
1188:
1180:
1131:
1014:
1010:
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national board examinations and fulfilling requirements of local governing bodies.
2026:
2052:
1439:
The following are currently recognized as dental specialties in the US under the
611:, which administers examinations for qualified dental specialists as part of the
3107:
1370:
1232:
1208:
24:
1440:
627:
in the college (FRCD(C)) and may be used for provincial registration purposes.
1500:
1274:
1184:
1139:
1123:
1115:
954:
3002:
2832:
1832:
1472:
The following are not currently recognized as dental specialties in the US.
1240:
1192:
1127:
1099:
948:
811:
759:
Prosthodontics (fixed, removable, maxillofacial, and implant prosthodontics)
612:
332:
128:
1617:
1603:
1926:"Structure of the U.S. Education System : Research Doctorate Degrees"
1119:
926:
823:
296:
Membership in the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons (MRACDS)
2134:
2004:
1135:
1107:
1095:
905:
827:
430:
3092:
3059:
3049:
2978:
2003:. International Association for Dental Quality (IADQ). Archived from
886:
616:
131:
are offered by dental schools in various countries around the world.
1465:
1453:
1420:
320:
License of Dental Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons (L.D.S. (Eng.))
1668:
588:
Several universities in Canada offer the DDS degree, including the
1661:"Statistics from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India"
1379:: 4–6 years (additional time for MD/MBBS degree granting programs)
1076:
Lagos State University, and Obafemi Awolowo University (Ile-Ife).
284:
Fellow of Dental Surgery of the Royal College of Surgeons (FDSRCS)
2139:
440:
The body responsible for registering dental practitioners is the
299:
Membership in Orthodontics, Royal College of Surgeons (MOrth RCS)
2078:
1898:
293:
Fellow of Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons (FRACDS)
2836:
2143:
1026:
1022:
311:
Member of the College of Dental Surgeons of Hong Kong (MCDSHK)
308:
Fellow of the College of Dental Surgeons of Hong Kong (FCDSHK)
18:
1893:, vol. 1, National Art Publishing Company, p. 463,
323:
Fellowship in Sports Dentistry /Fellow Sports Dentistry (FSD)
441:
314:
Fellow College of Physician and Surgeons, Bangladesh (FCPS)
302:
Fellow of the Royal College of Dentists of Canada (FRCD(C))
1957:
1063:
award LDS (Licence/Licentiate in Dental Surgery) degrees.
2077:. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Archived from
1632:"Erikoishammaslääkärikoulutuksen opinto-opas 2013 – 2015"
834:(BMedSc) degree after the first three years of training.
317:
Fellow College of Physician and Surgeons, Pakistan (FCPS)
2135:
American Student Dental Association – Licensure by State
2130:
General Dental Council: UK primary dental qualifications
1459:
305:
Member of Royal College of Dentists of Canada (MRCD(C))
607:
Additional qualifications can be obtained through the
2661:
Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
2103:. Health.adelaide.edu.au. 15 May 2001. Archived from
2051:. American College of Prosthodontics. Archived from
1812:"Advance Education Program Options and Descriptions"
3149:
3068:
3027:
3020:
2992:
2954:
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2917:
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2871:
2762:
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2646:
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2522:
2177:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1297:The United States Department of Education and the
1971:"Anesthesiology recognized as a dental specialty"
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
523:There are ten approved dental schools in Canada:
911:BDS, MDent, MDS (Master of Dental Science), PhD
1911:"Public perception of DDS versus DMD degrees."
1262:
1243:. NBDE Part I scores are Pass/Fail since 2012.
931:BChD, MChD, MSc Dentistry, PhD(Dentistry), DSc
3170:Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)
1960: : Council of Interstate Testing Agencies
709:Prosthodontology and Stomatognathic Physiology
2848:
2155:
640:degree is Master of Medicine in stomatology (
478:Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons
8:
619:. The current examinations are known as the
331:Each fully qualifies the holder to practice
185:Master of Science in Dentistry (MSD or MScD)
2686:Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry
1915:. 1999. Fall; 66(3):29-37. Lalumandier, JA.
1913:Journal of the American College of Dentists
1524:List of dental schools in the United States
1441:American Board of Dental Specialties (ABDS)
1170:List of dental schools in the United States
726:Oral Clinical Microbiology (starts in 2014)
3024:
2951:
2877:
2855:
2841:
2833:
2162:
2148:
2140:
1784:"CHAPTER 3 : DECIDING WHERE TO APPLY"
856:
623:(NDSE). Successful completion may lead to
609:Royal College of Dentists of Canada (RCDC)
2701:Australian and New Zealand dental schools
1593:
994:
771:Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1886:Koch, Charles R.E.; et al. (1910),
993:is through one of the universities as a
499:Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
422:New Zealand has only one dental school:
222:Doctor of Clinical Dentistry (DClinDent)
1740:"Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria"
1535:
1337:Dental specialties in the United States
1320:Central Regional Dental Testing Service
1145:In addition to core prerequisites, the
1114:, and higher-level mathematics such as
237:Doctor of Philosophy in Dentistry (PhD)
206:Master of Stomatological Medicine (MSM)
169:Baccalaureus Dentalis Chirurgiae (BChD)
160:Bachelor of Science in Dentistry (BScD)
1328:Council of Interstate Testing Agencies
976:BDS, MDent, MSc(Dent), PhD(Dent), DSc
768:Conservative dentistry and endodontics
703:Pedodontology and Preventive Dentistry
505:Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
1618:"Doctoral Programme in Oral Sciences"
783:Oral medicine diagnosis and radiology
621:National Dental Specialty Examination
228:Doctor of Science in Dentistry (DScD)
7:
1049:Royal College of Surgeons of England
1003:Colleges of Medicine of South Africa
780:Pedodontics and preventive dentistry
258:Certificate, GPR/AEGD/Orofacial Pain
203:Master of Clinical Stomatology (MCS)
151:Bachelor's degree of Dentistry (BDS)
47:adding citations to reliable sources
2029:. American Academy of Perodontology
1758:American Student Dental Association
1519:American Student Dental Association
1460:Oral Implantology/Implant Dentistry
752:annual intake of 33,500 graduates.
348:Australia has nine dental schools:
197:Master of Dental Science (MDentSci)
693:The 11 postgraduate programs are:
14:
1005:, with certifications offered in
846:Medical education in South Africa
786:Master in Public Health Dentistry
157:Bachelor of Dental Science (BDSc)
1588:(1050): 90–91. 3 November 1906.
1503:
1409:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
1403:Oral and maxillofacial radiology
1324:Southern Regional Testing Agency
953:BChD, MChD, MSc(Dent), PhD, DSc(
720:Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
717:Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
456:General Dental Council of the UK
231:Doctor of Medical Science (DMSc)
188:Master of Medical Science (MMSc)
148:Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS)
23:
2909:Certificate of Higher Education
2671:Guy's, King's & St Thomas's
2524:Defunct American dental schools
963:University of the Witwatersrand
774:Oral pathology and microbiology
723:Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine
448:Trans Tasman mutual recognition
401:University of Western Australia
225:Doctor of Dental Science (DDSc)
219:Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD)
34:needs additional citations for
2450:Southern Illinois–Edwardsville
1466:Dental Board of Anesthesiology
1377:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
1086:Dentistry in the United States
937:University of the Western Cape
765:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
737:Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
564:University of British Columbia
502:Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
216:Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS)
194:Master of Dental Surgery (MDS)
1:
1842:, American Dental Association
1164:Dental education and training
822:School of Dental Medicine in
810:School of Dental Medicine in
673:University of Eastern Finland
594:University of Western Ontario
570:University of Western Ontario
442:Dental Council of New Zealand
154:Bachelor of Dentistry (BDent)
2691:UCL Eastman Dental Institute
2445:Southern California (Ostrow)
2075:"Pediatric Dentist Training"
1760:. March 2013. Archived from
1544:"Search for Dental Programs"
1395:Maxillofacial prosthodontics
832:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
242:Certificates and fellowships
139:Dental degrees may include:
2905:Diploma of Higher Education
2764:South Korean dental schools
1691:"World Dental Schools List"
1299:National Science Foundation
1258:American Dental Association
1021:. Research degrees are the
878:University of KwaZulu-Natal
706:Cariology and Endodontology
234:Doctor of Dentistry (DDent)
191:Master of Dentistry (MDent)
3226:
1578:"Dentistry Qualifications"
1167:
1083:
1033:United Kingdom and Ireland
891:Diploma in Dental Therapy
576:University of Saskatchewan
516:
270:Commonwealth post-nominals
255:Diploma in Dentistry (SMF)
200:Master of Stomatology (MS)
2489:Texas Tech–El Paso (Hunt)
2049:"Prosthoodntist Training"
1838:17 September 2010 at the
641:
2724:Charles Sturt University
1312:Northeast Regional Board
1154:standardized examination
371:University of Queensland
359:Charles Sturt University
2901:Higher National Diploma
2586:Canadian dental schools
2351:Nebraska–Medical Center
2179:American dental schools
2027:"Periodontist Training"
1958:http://www.citaexam.com
1477:Special needs dentistry
1350:: (MD/MBBS specific to
984:Stellenbosch University
682:Community health center
395:University of Melbourne
166:in Dental Medicine (BM)
2648:British dental schools
2306:LSU Health–New Orleans
2001:"Endodontist Training"
1316:Western Regional Board
1305:Licensing examinations
1267:
917:University of Pretoria
816:Alpha Omega Fraternity
714:Diagnostic dentistry:
658:University of Helsinki
558:University of Manitoba
540:Université de Montréal
462:General Dental Council
383:University of Adelaide
173:
142:
3008:Candidate of Sciences
2478:UT Health–San Antonio
1352:maxillofacial surgery
1147:Dental Admission Test
897:University of Limpopo
830:are eligible for the
598:University of Alberta
590:University of Toronto
552:University of Alberta
528:University of Toronto
469:Canadian registration
377:James Cook University
3078:Academic certificate
2970:Postgraduate diploma
2572:Pennsylvania College
2346:Missouri–Kansas City
2221:Case Western Reserve
1981:on 21 September 2019
1433:Dental public health
1265:substance, the same.
999:College of Dentistry
942:Faculty of Dentistry
921:School of Dentistry
697:Clinical dentistry:
688:Doctor of Philosophy
602:Dalhousie University
546:Dalhousie University
353:University of Sydney
164:Bachelor of Medicine
125:professional degrees
43:improve this article
3205:Dentistry education
3113:Professional degree
2754:University of Otago
2729:Griffith University
2537:Fairleigh Dickinson
2007:on 22 December 2015
1764:on 7 September 2019
1427:Pediatric dentistry
995:Master of Dentistry
820:Tel Aviv University
777:Community dentistry
663:University of Turku
653:four universities:
519:Dentistry in Canada
460:The United Kingdom
427:University of Otago
389:La Trobe University
365:Griffith University
3040:Doctor of Sciences
2316:Maryland–Baltimore
2202:Boston U (Goldman)
1939:on 27 January 2012
1671:on 24 October 2010
1620:. 25 October 2017.
1486:Cosmetic Dentistry
1343:dental specialties
1270:Harvard University
740:Oral Public Health
668:University of Oulu
3182:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3132:Specialist degree
3016:
3015:
2984:Engineer's degree
2941:
2940:
2928:Bachelor's degree
2896:Foundation degree
2830:
2829:
2749:Western Australia
2474:UT Health–Houston
2460:Temple (Kornberg)
2107:on 8 October 2011
2081:on 26 August 2010
1251:DDS vs DMD degree
1104:organic chemistry
1092:bachelor's degree
1025:(Dent) / MDS and
997:, or through the
980:
979:
908:Campus, Pretoria
814:, founded by the
804:Hebrew University
534:McGill University
265:Certificate, DMTD
180:Master of Science
143:Bachelor's degree
119:
118:
111:
93:
3217:
3200:Doctoral degrees
3118:Graduate diploma
3035:Higher doctorate
3025:
2952:
2891:Associate degree
2878:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2834:
2598:British Columbia
2410:Pacific (Dugoni)
2356:Nevada–Las Vegas
2271:Illinois–Chicago
2164:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1977:. Archived from
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1938:
1932:. Archived from
1922:
1916:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1883:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1849:
1843:
1830:
1824:
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1808:
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1799:
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1750:
1744:
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1736:
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1716:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1667:. Archived from
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1636:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1597:
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1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1540:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1506:
857:
643:
582:Université Laval
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3210:Medical degrees
3185:
3184:
3183:
3174:
3157:Honorary degree
3145:
3141:Terminal degree
3103:Magister degree
3088:External degree
3070:
3064:
3012:
2988:
2965:Master's degree
2937:
2913:
2867:
2865:academic degree
2861:
2831:
2826:
2792:Gangneung-Wonju
2758:
2695:
2642:
2581:
2518:
2173:
2168:
2126:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2108:
2099:
2098:
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2084:
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2073:
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2068:
2058:
2056:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1906:
1885:
1884:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1840:Wayback Machine
1831:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1795:
1793:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
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1752:
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1747:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1723:
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1714:
1710:
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1695:
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1674:
1672:
1659:
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1654:
1644:
1642:
1639:Med.helsinki.fi
1634:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1511:Medicine portal
1509:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1339:
1307:
1253:
1172:
1166:
1151:multiple-choice
1088:
1082:
1069:
1035:
840:
793:
749:
675:, Kuopio Campus
650:
637:
521:
515:
489:
480:
471:
458:
450:
420:
346:
341:
272:
249:
244:
213:
176:
174:Master's degree
145:
137:
115:
104:
98:
95:
58:"Dental degree"
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
16:Academic degree
12:
11:
5:
3223:
3221:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3187:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3159:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3129:
3127:Higher diploma
3124:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3083:Artist diploma
3080:
3074:
3072:
3071:classification
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3031:
3029:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3005:
2999:
2997:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2967:
2961:
2959:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2933:Honours degree
2930:
2924:
2922:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2898:
2893:
2887:
2885:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2837:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2768:
2766:
2760:
2759:
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2756:
2751:
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2668:
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2640:
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2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2582:
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2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
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2534:
2528:
2526:
2520:
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2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2440:South Carolina
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2385:North Carolina
2382:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
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2298:
2293:
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2263:
2258:
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2238:
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2228:
2223:
2218:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2171:Dental schools
2169:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2125:
2124:External links
2122:
2119:
2118:
2092:
2066:
2055:on 10 May 2010
2040:
2018:
1992:
1962:
1950:
1917:
1904:
1869:
1844:
1825:
1803:
1775:
1745:
1731:
1703:
1682:
1652:
1641:. 10 June 2016
1623:
1609:
1569:
1567:BANGLADESH/SMF
1560:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1498:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1470:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1454:Orofacial pain
1451:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1421:Orofacial pain
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1389:Prosthodontics
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1359:Anesthesiology
1348:medical degree
1338:
1335:
1306:
1303:
1252:
1249:
1237:oral pathology
1225:prosthodontics
1197:dental anatomy
1168:Main article:
1165:
1162:
1084:Main article:
1081:
1078:
1068:
1065:
1034:
1031:
1019:prosthodontics
991:Specialisation
978:
977:
974:
969:
967:
965:
959:
958:
951:
946:
944:
939:
933:
932:
929:
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922:
919:
913:
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909:
903:
901:
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893:
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889:
884:
882:
880:
874:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
851:
850:
839:
836:
800:dental schools
792:
789:
788:
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772:
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748:
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738:
735:
729:
728:
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724:
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718:
712:
711:
710:
707:
704:
701:
700:Periodontology
677:
676:
670:
665:
660:
649:
646:
636:
633:
615:profession in
586:
585:
579:
573:
567:
561:
555:
549:
543:
537:
531:
517:Main article:
514:
511:
510:
509:
508:Prosthodontics
506:
503:
500:
488:
485:
479:
476:
470:
467:
457:
454:
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446:
434:
433:
419:
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405:
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398:
392:
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158:
155:
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149:
144:
141:
136:
133:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3222:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2979:Diplom degree
2977:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2934:
2931:
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2926:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2873:Undergraduate
2870:
2866:
2858:
2853:
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2846:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2835:
2823:
2820:
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2800:
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2790:
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2710:
2707:
2706:
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2611:
2609:
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2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
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2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2514:West Virginia
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2484:Texas A&M
2482:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
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2307:
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2302:
2299:
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2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2251:East Carolina
2249:
2247:
2246:Detroit Mercy
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2197:Augusta (DCG)
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2165:
2160:
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2127:
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2096:
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2054:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1959:
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60: –
59:
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54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3162:
3045:Habilitation
3028:Postdoctoral
2947:Postgraduate
2628:Saskatchewan
2567:Oral Roberts
2562:Ohio College
2557:Northwestern
2111:27 September
2109:. Retrieved
2105:the original
2095:
2085:19 September
2083:. Retrieved
2079:the original
2069:
2057:. Retrieved
2053:the original
2043:
2031:. Retrieved
2021:
2009:. Retrieved
2005:the original
1995:
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1979:the original
1974:
1965:
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1941:. Retrieved
1934:the original
1929:
1920:
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1888:
1860:. Retrieved
1856:
1847:
1828:
1816:. Retrieved
1806:
1794:. Retrieved
1790:
1778:
1766:. Retrieved
1762:the original
1748:
1734:
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1718:
1706:
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1685:
1673:. Retrieved
1669:the original
1665:Mohfw.nic.in
1664:
1655:
1643:. Retrieved
1638:
1626:
1612:
1585:
1582:The Hospital
1581:
1572:
1563:
1551:. Retrieved
1547:
1538:
1491:
1471:
1438:
1391:: 2–3 years
1383:Periodontics
1365:Orthodontics
1340:
1332:
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1292:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1268:
1263:
1254:
1245:
1229:orthodontics
1221:pain control
1217:oral surgery
1213:periodontics
1205:pharmacology
1189:microbiology
1181:biochemistry
1173:
1158:
1144:
1132:biochemistry
1089:
1074:
1070:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1015:orthodontics
1011:periodontics
998:
989:
982:Until 2003,
981:
972:Johannesburg
860:Institution
852:
843:
838:South Africa
794:
762:Periodontics
754:
750:
734:Orthodontics
692:
686:
678:
651:
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273:
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247:Certificates
138:
123:A number of
122:
120:
105:
96:
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
3122:certificate
3108:Microdegree
3069:No dominant
2974:certificate
2425:Puerto Rico
2379:Stony Brook
2361:New England
2341:Mississippi
2236:Connecticut
2011:22 December
1719:Leeds.ac.uk
1468:: 3–4 years
1456:: 1–3 years
1450:: 2–4 years
1429:: 2–3 years
1423:: 1–3 years
1417:: 2–4 years
1411:: 3–5 years
1373:: 2–3 years
1371:Endodontics
1367:: 2–3 years
1361:: 3–4 years
1275:inflections
1260:specifies:
1233:pedodontics
1209:endodontics
1001:within the
418:New Zealand
182:(MS or MSc)
3189:Categories
3098:Licentiate
2863:Levels of
2744:Queensland
2734:James Cook
2542:Georgetown
2504:Washington
2395:Ohio State
2331:Midwestern
2301:Louisville
2296:Loma Linda
2207:California
1943:23 January
1862:23 January
1818:23 January
1796:23 January
1724:23 January
1696:8 November
1675:10 October
1645:23 January
1530:References
1185:physiology
1140:physiology
1124:psychology
1116:statistics
625:Fellowship
487:Bangladesh
99:March 2015
69:newspapers
3195:Dentistry
3163:Ad eundem
3134:/
3120:/
3003:Doctorate
2972:/
2907:/
2903:/
2802:Kyungpook
2797:Kyung Hee
2714:Melbourne
2681:Newcastle
2676:Liverpool
2603:Dalhousie
2465:Tennessee
2430:Rochester
2336:Minnesota
2311:Marquette
2291:Lake Erie
2241:Creighton
1833:"DDS/DMD"
1814:. Ada.org
1479:: 3 years
1435:: 3 years
1405:: 3 years
1385:: 3 years
1241:radiology
1201:occlusion
1193:pathology
1128:sociology
1100:chemistry
1053:Edinburgh
949:Cape Town
869:Location
844:Related:
812:Jerusalem
613:dentistry
344:Australia
333:dentistry
262:programs)
211:Doctorate
129:dentistry
3150:Unearned
2817:Wonkwang
2739:La Trobe
2719:Adelaide
2656:Aberdeen
2623:Montréal
2613:Manitoba
2509:WesternU
2400:Oklahoma
2326:Michigan
2286:Kentucky
2231:Columbia
2226:Colorado
1985:12 March
1930:2.ed.gov
1899:09017597
1890:colleges
1857:Ohsu.edu
1836:Archived
1791:Adea.org
1768:17 March
1604:29812187
1553:12 March
1497:See also
1326:(SRTA),
1318:(WREB),
1314:(NERB),
1120:calculus
1029:(Dent).
927:Pretoria
866:Founded
828:students
824:Tel Aviv
818:and the
808:Hadassah
798:has two
444:(DCNZ).
3136:diploma
2996:level 8
2958:level 7
2921:level 6
2884:level 5
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2777:Chonnam
2772:Chonbuk
2666:Glasgow
2638:Western
2633:Toronto
2593:Alberta
2435:Rutgers
2375:Buffalo
2321:Meharry
2276:Indiana
2261:Harvard
2256:Florida
2192:Arizona
1975:ada.org
1595:5194299
1548:ada.org
1341:Twelve
1136:anatomy
1112:English
1108:physics
1096:biology
1067:Nigeria
1061:Ireland
1057:Glasgow
906:MEDUNSA
863:School
731:Other:
648:Finland
584:(1971)
578:(1968)
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431:Dunedin
339:Oceania
135:Degrees
83:scholar
3165:degree
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3050:Docent
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2782:Chosun
2709:Sydney
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2552:Loyola
2547:Harris
2405:Oregon
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2033:5 June
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1937:(DOC)
1787:(PDF)
1715:(PDF)
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635:China
397:, VIC
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76:books
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2415:Penn
2390:Nova
2371:SUNY
2281:Iowa
2215:UCSF
2211:UCLA
2113:2011
2087:2010
2061:2010
2035:2010
2013:2015
1987:2019
1945:2017
1895:LCCN
1864:2017
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1798:2017
1770:2014
1726:2017
1698:2019
1677:2010
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1600:PMID
1555:2019
1199:and
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