1036:. Their place was taken by Chief Judicial Magistrates and Sub Divisional Judicial Magistrates. The District Magistrate was now the main Executive Magistrate of the district - charged with taking preventive measures for maintenance of law and order. Indirectly, this led to a loss of direct control over the police which now depended on the District Judge and the Judicial Magistrates. This change was institutionalised by the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. In the Union Territories and the North Eastern states, Collectors continued to exercise judicial power for much longer. A separate district judiciary was not created till 1978 in
478:, while the district collector focuses on revenue administration, and the deputy commissioner is in charge of overseeing developmental activities and coordinates government departments. Additionally, they also serve as election officers, registrar, marriage officer, licensing authority, and managing disaster responses, among other things. While the specific scope of duties may vary from state to state, they are generally similar. The district magistrate comes under the general supervision of
324:
77:
813:, promoted from State Civil Service (SCS) or nominated from Non-State Civil Service (Non-SCS). The direct recruits are posted as Collectors after five to six years of service. SCS officers are also posted as Collectors when they attain at least the Selection Grade (Level 13 Grade Pay) in their service. A District Magistrate and Collector is transferred to and from the post by the state government.
182:
36:
308:
569:
124:
833:
493:
introduced the office of the
District Collector in the Judicial Plan of 1772. By the Judicial Plan of 1774, the office of the Collector cum District Magistrate was temporarily renamed Diwan or Amil. The term Collector was brought back under the Judicial Plan of 1787. The name, Collector, derived from
1076:
Kolkata in West Bengal does not have a conventional collector. A recently created post with the same name performs the functions of collector of stamp revenue, registration and certain other miscellaneous functions. The
Magisterial powers are exercised by a Police Commissioner, one of the earliest
1064:
The need to restructure the roles of the
District Collector is for removing the colonial legacy, corruption, promoting uniformity, devolving power to local bodies, ensuring separation of power, mitigating power concentration, addressing status quoist tendencies, and advancing grass-root democracy.
1027:
While almost all of the 741 Indian districts are headed by DMs, constitutional developments post
Independence in 1947 have led to a reduction in power and realignment of roles for the District Magistrate. The first major change came about in the early 1960s as the Judiciary was separated from the
1406:
Report of the Indian
Statutory Commission Volume 1 - Survey. Presented by the Secretary of State for the Home Department to Parliament by Command of His Majesty. May, 1930 AND Volume 2 - Recommendations Presented to the Secretary of State for the Home Department to Parliament by Command of His
520:
held multiple responsibilities – as collector, he was the head of the revenue organization, charged with registration, alteration, and partition of holdings; the settlement of disputes; the management of indebted estates; loans to agriculturists, and famine relief. As district
551:
The district continued to be the unit of administration after India gained independence in 1947. The role of the district collector remained largely unchanged, except for the separation of most judicial powers to judicial officers of the district. Later, with the promulgation of the
National
844:, The Cinematograph Act, Registration Act, peoples representation act, and other relevant acts. They are entrusted with land revenue administration, maintaining law and order, managing district administration, and implementing government policies and also they are incharge of various
521:
magistrate, he exercised general supervision over the inferior courts and in particular, directed the police work. The office was meant to achieve the "peculiar purpose" of collecting revenue and of keeping the peace. The
512:
from 1871 to 1874, intended "to render the heads of districts no longer the drudges of many departments and masters of none, but in fact the general controlling authority over all departments in each district."
1871:
898:(NSA), the district magistrate has the authority to order preventive detention of individuals to prevent them from acting in any manner prejudicial to the security of the state or maintenance of public order.
630:
suspended and the DM functioning as the
District and Sessions Judge as well. Here the post was known as Deputy Commissioner, due to these provinces having a Chief Commissioner who took the place of the usual
1809:
869:
The
District Magistrate acts as the primary executive magistrate of the district. Their main responsibility is to take preventive measures to maintain law and order and maintain peace in the district.
873:
525:(SP), inspector general of jails, the surgeon general, the divisional forest officer (DFO) and the Executive Engineer PWD (EE) had to inform the collector of every activity in their departments.
809:(IAS) and State Civil Services (SCS) officers, who either are on Level 11, Level 12 or Level 13 of the Pay Matrix, in the state. The members of the IAS are either directly recruited by the
1068:
There have also been many instances where at lower levels, district magistrates have pressurized victims or their family members, especially if they belong to the marginalized community
1056:
in
Meghalaya, the last remaining district of India with the District Magistrate also exercising judicial powers, finally got a separate District and Sessions Court on 17 December 2020.
2115:
583:. While the powers exercised by the officer were mostly the same throughout the country, the preferred name often reflected his primary role in the particular province. In the
528:
Until the later part of the nineteenth century, no native was eligible to become a district collector. But with the introduction of open competitive examinations for the
832:
The
District Collector holds a diverse range of responsibilities that are defined under various laws and regulations, including the Land Revenue Act, Revenue recovery rules,
474:. Each of these posts has distinct responsibilities, and an officer can assume all of these roles at once. The district magistrate is primarily responsible for maintaining
1978:
824:
The District Collector/District Magistrate has personal staff, including a Personal Assistant (PA), a Secretary, and other support staff like clerks, peons, and drivers.
709:- In India, some states use the term "District Collector" instead of "District Magistrate" to refer to the head of the district administration. These states include
2384:
1516:
651:- In India, some states use the term "Deputy Commissioner" instead of "District Magistrate" to refer to the head of the district administration. These states are
1539:
1154:
976:
Responsible for disaster management in the district. Primarily tasked with relief and rehabilitation operations in any calamity whether natural or man-mde.
2083:
1493:
1834:
2188:
1611:
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The District Collector/District Magistrate is provided with Personal Security Officers, including armed guards, to ensure their safety and protection.
1917:
856:
level. The responsibilities assigned to a district magistrate vary from state to state, but generally, Collectors, under the general supervision of
980:
955:
District Collector is the highest officer of revenue department in the district. The collector is the highest authority of revenue administration.
860:(where such a post exists), are entrusted with a wide range of duties in the jurisdiction of the district, generally involving the following:
471:
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134:
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Acts as a protocol officer and empowers the Collector to recover government dues from defaulters residing in the district with property.
676:
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Post Independence, the different names have continued even though the role and powers of the DM are almost the same throughout India.
2318:
1960:
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265:
163:
63:
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Ensures accurate and up-to-date records of land rights.Implements land reforms and exercises power as the land acquisition officer.
603:
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https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/ias-officer-salary-allowances-in-hand-pay-matrix-7th-pay-commission-benefits-1689167230-1
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920:
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762:- some states use the term "District Magistrate" to refer to the head of the district administration. These states are
89:
1646:
1114:
509:
2068:
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Responsible for collecting land revenue, government taxes, fees, and all dues recoverable as arrears of land revenue.
232:
1586:
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the holder being the head of the revenue organization (tax collection) for the district. With the passage of the
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1934:
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government in 1952, the district collector was entrusted with the additional responsibility of implementing the
214:
2000:
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such posts in British India, while the Kolkata Municipal Corporation takes care of all other responsibilities.
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98:
55:
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371:
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1029:
595:, it was known simply as the District Collector even though he was also the District Magistrate. In the
541:
138:
that states a Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
1752:
1810:"Amid protests, Parliament passes bill giving powers to district magistrates to issue adoption orders"
932:
Implementation of provisions of Maintenance & welfare of parents & senior citizens act, 2007
1433:
1218:
849:
557:
378:
323:
2263:
A district magistrate is either a member of IAS or State Civil Service appointed by Government of
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Responsible for land acquisition, revenue recovery, land reforms, and other land related matters.
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239:
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1347:
1309:
1174:
1168:"Bureaucrats and Politicians: How Does Electoral Competition Affect Bureaucratic Performance?"
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596:
592:
588:
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692:
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537:
17:
2219:
2109:
Administrative Reforms Commission’s 15th Report titled "State and District Administration"
2108:
1729:
490:
1964:
2084:"District Collector, Magistrate, Development Commissioner: what to call an IAS officer?"
1540:"District Collector, Magistrate, Development Commissioner: what to call an IAS officer?"
579:
The different names of the office are a legacy of the varying administration systems in
76:
1438:
1240:
1033:
1032:. This meant that DMs and SDMs could no longer try criminal cases or commit accused to
941:
Supervises all Executive Magistrates in the district and has very limited control over
902:
841:
767:
722:
2234:"Mamata Banerjee: Separate collector for Kolkata | Kolkata News - Times of India"
912:
Granting license to cinemas under Cinematograph Act, 1952 with provision of appeal to
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2046:
1673:
763:
680:
607:
580:
312:
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383:
1442:
1872:"Covid-19: How two laws have vested unusual powers with the district magistrates"
884:
775:
771:
754:
746:
730:
517:
181:
2137:"Seek to decolonise: Why we need to restructure the district collector's role"
2025:
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636:
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and the post continues to be known as the District Magistrate in present-day
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1305:
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779:
718:
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573:
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2189:"Media will be gone, we will remain: DM tells Hathras rape victim's family"
1896:
1196:
307:
1981:. Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India
568:
1918:"Powers, Functions and Responsibilities of Collector/District Magistrate"
668:
632:
1780:
1897:"Functions of District Collector| District Administration, Nuh | India"
1641:
1041:
919:
Heads the district disaster management authority constituted under the
891:, restricting the assembly of people to prevent potential disturbances.
742:
684:
672:
664:
626:, a simpler form of administration prevailed with many elements of the
587:, the post was called District Magistrate and Collector whereas in the
1696:
1567:. Government of Maharashtra Law and Judiciary Department. 26 May 2010
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738:
734:
710:
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Enforces the Stamp Act and acts as a custodian of government lands.
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1381:
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783:
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619:
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567:
1785:
1517:"Noida: Police withdraw PSOs of additional district magistrates"
883:
The district Magistrate has the authority to issue orders under
623:
1028:
Executive in most Indian states in line with Article 50 of the
2026:"Members of DDMA – Kerala State Disaster Management Authority"
1725:"About Deputy Commissioner & District Magistrate's Office"
726:
552:
Extension Services and Community Development Programme by the
548:
were the first five Indian ICS officers to become Collectors.
175:
117:
70:
29:
1197:"Administrative Setup | District Administration, Nuh | India"
983:; overall incharge of conducting of election in the district.
470:'s administration in India. The specific name depends on the
1963:. District Road Safety Authorities of Kerala. Archived from
572:
A bilingual signboard of District Magistrate (DM) office in
135:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
2164:"Role of District Magistrate Move with the Changing Times"
444:
56,100-78,800 and various other allowances and facilities
993:
To be guardian of a minor under Guardians and wards act.
901:
Granting and renewing arms and ammunition licence under
872:
Issuance of adoption orders under the provisions of the
141:
94:
2284:
Revenue administration in India: A case study of Bihar
1340:
Revenue administration in India: A case study of Bihar
2353:
Indian Public Administration: Institutions and Issues
2116:
Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
2001:"District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC) of Kerala"
1469:
Indian Public Administration: Institutions and Issues
639:
and exercised both executive and judicial functions.
1425:"Report of the 7th Central Pay Commission of India"
1015:
Chairperson, District Disaster Management Authority
437:
425:
407:
399:
389:
377:
367:
355:
347:
339:
300:
206:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1308:: Orient Blackswan Private Ltd. pp. 573–597.
967:Supervises treasury and sub-treasury operations.
1262:"Administering India: The Indian Civil Service"
1018:Chairperson, District Development Council (DDC)
1012:Chairperson, District Tourism Promotion Council
1753:"Power & Functions of Deputy Commissioner"
602:Law and order was an important subject in the
8:
1009:Chairperson, District Road Safety Authority
2069:"CJ inaugurates District Court at Baghmara"
1384:: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 6.1–6.6.
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1006:Chairperson, Regional Transport Authority
599:, it was often known simply as Collector.
322:
1221:. District Administration Fatehgarh Sahib
560:'s development programs in the district.
284:Learn how and when to remove this message
266:Learn how and when to remove this message
164:Learn how and when to remove this message
1935:"The Representation of People Act, 1951"
1851:. Ministry of Home Affairs. 13 July 1962
1612:"Powers Of District Magistrate in India"
1346:: Mittal Publications. pp. 50–124.
2256:
1147:
2385:Indian Administrative Service officers
2215:
2205:
466:who serves as the executive head of a
297:
1494:"Now, no security for sub-collectors"
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
938:Supervision of jails in the district.
926:Enforcement of various provisions of
516:The office of a collector during the
7:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1219:"Role of Deputy Commissioner Office"
532:, the office was opened to natives.
204:adding citations to reliable sources
27:Executive head of an Indian district
2082:Sharma, Nootan (21 December 2022).
2049:. District Administration Ernakulam
1979:"Section 68. Transport Authorities"
1587:"The M. P. Land Revenue Code, 1959"
1515:Shikha Salaria (26 February 2020).
610:. In non-regulation provinces like
1538:Nootan Sharma (21 December 2022).
403:Code of Criminal Procedure (India)
25:
1757:Office of Regional Commissioner,
1562:"Maharashtra Act No. XLI of 1966"
351:Executive Officer of the District
88:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s
45:This article has multiple issues.
2313:: Orient Blackswan Private Ltd.
1432:Department of Economic Affairs,
1166:Nath, Anusha (15 October 2014).
306:
180:
122:
75:
34:
1411:His Majesty's Stationery Office
1003:District Election Officer (DEO)
979:Act as a returning officer for
811:Union Public Service Commission
191:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
935:Enforcement of mines act, 1952
828:Functions and responsibilities
433:Additional deputy commissioner
431:Additional district magistrate
343:Executive Head of the district
1:
1833:National Security Act, India.
1093:Indian Administrative Service
921:Disaster Management Act, 2005
807:Indian Administrative Service
510:lieutenant-governor of Bengal
360:Indian Administrative Service
1939:Election Commission of India
1492:KP Sai Kiran (3 July 2018).
905:with provision of appeal to
876:with provision of appeal to
496:Government of India Act 1858
1647:Government of Uttar Pradesh
1115:Principal Secretary (India)
18:Deputy commissioner (India)
2401:
2265:State Governments of India
2047:"District Planning Office"
1808:P, Ambika (28 July 2021).
1241:"The Indian Civil Service"
1135:List of districts in India
928:Indian Telegraph Act, 1885
874:Juvenile Justice Act, 2015
2359:: New Age International.
2351:Arora, Ramesh K. (2011).
2336:: McGraw Hill Education.
2305:Maheshwari, S.R. (2000).
2267:in that respective state.
1870:Sharma, Shantanu Nandan.
1467:Arora, Ramesh K. (2011).
1300:Maheshwari, S.R. (2000).
1130:Sub-Divisional Magistrate
1054:South Garo Hills District
1023:Separation from judiciary
988:Essential Commodities Act
805:, from among the pool of
413: (252 years ago)
319:
305:
2162:College, Magadh Mahila.
1697:"GENERAL ADMINISTRATION"
1441:of India. Archived from
914:divisional commissioners
907:divisional commissioners
878:divisional commissioners
858:divisional commissioners
852:schemes and projects at
760:District Magistrate (DM)
649:Deputy Commissioner (DC)
536:, Sripad Babaji Thakur,
523:superintendent of police
472:state or union territory
101:may contain suggestions.
86:may need to be rewritten
2328:Laxmikanth, M. (2014).
2290:: Mittal Publications.
2005:www.discoveredindia.com
1376:Laxmikanth, M. (2014).
1120:Divisional Commissioner
1110:Chief Secretary (India)
981:parliament constituency
838:Criminal Procedure Code
801:They are posted by the
707:District Collector (DC)
628:Criminal Procedure Code
480:divisional commissioner
400:Constituting instrument
372:Divisional commissioner
1846:"The Arms Rules, 1962"
1642:"CONSTITUTIONAL SETUP"
1125:Municipal commissioner
864:As District Magistrate
576:
144:by rewriting it in an
2307:Indian Administration
1961:"About the Authority"
1302:Indian Administration
1103:Indian Forest Service
1098:Indian Police Service
1030:Constitution of India
950:As District Collector
896:National Security Act
571:
542:Krishna Govinda Gupta
215:"District magistrate"
2282:Singh, G.P. (1993).
1413:. 1930. p. 255.
1338:Singh, G.P. (1993).
834:Land acquisition act
530:Indian Civil Service
464:career civil servant
454:, also known as the
429:Additional collector
363:State Civil Services
200:improve this article
2330:Governance in India
2242:. 2 September 2012.
2071:. 17 December 2020.
1448:on 20 November 2015
1434:Government of India
1378:Governance in India
558:Government of India
534:Romesh Chandra Dutt
506:Sir George Campbell
460:deputy commissioner
452:district magistrate
331:District magistrate
301:District magistrate
2239:The Times of India
2218:has generic name (
2141:The Indian Express
1876:The Economic Times
1814:The Times of India
1592:. Board of Revenue
1437:. Seventh Central
850:central government
577:
500:British Parliament
456:district collector
394:President of India
146:encyclopedic style
133:is written like a
2143:. 8 December 2022
1967:on 21 April 2021.
1622:on 16 August 2017
1407:Majesty. May 1930
1175:Boston University
1088:All India Service
1046:Arunachal Pradesh
701:Arunachal Pradesh
677:Jammu and Kashmir
597:Madras Presidency
593:Central Provinces
589:Bombay Presidency
585:Bengal Presidency
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90:quality standards
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1620:the original
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1443:the original
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1199:. Nuh.gov.in
1191:
1179:. Retrieved
1161:
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1048:and 2020 in
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840:(CrPC), the
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788:Chhattisgarh
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198:Please help
193:verification
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95:You can help
85:
61:
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48:
47:Please help
44:
2216:|last=
1765:6 September
1737:6 September
1709:6 September
1681:6 September
1542:. The Print
1471:. New Age.
1452:15 February
1060:Restructure
885:Section 144
776:West Bengal
772:Uttarakhand
755:Lakshadweep
747:Maharashtra
731:Maharashtra
518:British Raj
2114:(Report).
1945:7 December
1409:. London:
1203:26 October
1181:27 October
1142:References
1044:, 2016 in
1040:, 2008 in
894:Under the
751:Puducherry
715:Tamil Nadu
637:High Court
368:Reports to
226:newspapers
50:improve it
2357:New Delhi
2311:New Delhi
1793:21 August
1702:Ghaziabad
1653:30 August
1626:20 August
1306:New Delhi
1072:Exception
1050:Meghalaya
780:Rajasthan
719:Telangana
697:Jharkhand
661:Meghalaya
653:Karnataka
574:New Delhi
498:, by the
408:Formation
390:Appointer
356:Member of
329:Incumbent
99:talk page
56:talk page
2379:Category
2208:cite web
2088:ThePrint
1881:27 March
1819:27 March
1732:District
1704:District
1676:District
1081:See also
903:Arms Act
854:district
669:Nagaland
633:Governor
468:district
1902:6 April
1759:Belagum
1042:Mizoram
887:of the
797:Posting
743:Gujarat
685:Haryana
673:Tripura
665:Mizoram
486:History
462:, is a
416: (
240:scholar
140:Please
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2198:7 July
2172:31 May
2147:31 May
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2093:31 May
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1985:31 May
1855:31 May
1596:31 May
1571:31 May
1546:31 May
1523:31 May
1500:31 May
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1388:
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1225:31 May
990:, 1955
943:police
790:, etc.
739:Odisha
735:Sikkim
711:Kerala
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681:Punjab
612:Punjab
438:Salary
426:Deputy
348:Status
242:
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97:. The
2334:Noida
2288:Delhi
2251:Notes
2167:(PDF)
2112:(PDF)
2031:5 May
2010:5 May
1921:(PDF)
1849:(PDF)
1590:(PDF)
1565:(PDF)
1446:(PDF)
1428:(PDF)
1382:Noida
1344:Delhi
1171:(PDF)
1038:Delhi
846:state
784:Bihar
689:Delhi
657:Assam
620:Assam
616:Burma
554:Nehru
247:JSTOR
233:books
2361:ISBN
2338:ISBN
2315:ISBN
2292:ISBN
2220:help
2200:2024
2174:2023
2149:2023
2123:2023
2095:2023
2055:2023
2033:2023
2012:2023
1987:2023
1947:2023
1904:2024
1883:2022
1857:2023
1821:2022
1795:2017
1786:Agra
1767:2017
1739:2017
1711:2017
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1655:2017
1628:2017
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1573:2023
1548:2023
1525:2023
1502:2023
1473:ISBN
1454:2018
1386:ISBN
1348:ISBN
1310:ISBN
1269:2014
1248:2014
1227:2023
1205:2023
1183:2023
889:CrPC
848:and
753:and
635:and
624:Oudh
622:and
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