327:. In quorum sensing, the cells communicate with each other via small signaling molecules. The bacterial cells can reproduce in the intercellular spaces and can generate enzymes that degrade or destroy the plant cell wall. Once the cell wall is degraded a liquification of the stem and the original seed tuber occurs. New tubers growing alongside the diseased tuber may become contaminated in the late summer into the early fall. During harvest, mechanical injuries can occur on the tuber which can provide more entry spots for
55:
33:
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In the spring, primary inoculum can be found in the seed tubers. There are three major steps in the infection process. The pathogen must first be able to adhere to the plant's surface and penetrate it either via a wound or a natural opening such as the stomata. Following penetration, the bacteria
433:
Dees, Merete Wiken; Lebecka, Renata; Perminow, Juliana Irina Spies; Czajkowski, Robert; Grupa, Anna; Motyka, Agata; Zoledowska, Sabina; Śliwka, Jadwiga; Lojkowska, Ewa (2017-01-04). "Characterization of
Dickeya and Pectobacterium strains obtained from diseased potato plants in different climatic
265:
spp. have cell wall degrading enzymes such as cellulases and proteases that digest the plant cell wall and allow the pathogen to infect the plant. The usage of cell wall degrading enzymes is sometimes categorized as a “brute force” method. However, there are less blunt ways that
225:
infection can include wilts and soft rots. The wilts occur when the bacterial pathogen invades the vascular system of the plant. The wilt symptoms can progress rather rapidly. Soft rots can be identified as soft, watery plant tissue with small, wet stem lesions.
220:
spp, since both pathogens induce a rotting of the plant tissue and black leg symptoms on the host. Black leg symptoms consist of wet, black rot on the stem that spread up from the original seed tuber. Symptoms of a
983:
747:
Matilla, Miguel A.; Monson, Rita E.; Murphy, Annabel; Schicketanz, Muriel; Rawlinson, Alison; Duncan, Caia; Mata, Juan; Leeper, Finian; Salmond, George P. C. (10 October 2022).
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216:
spp. can be the causal agents of soft rots and black leg. The symptoms that this bacteria causes can at times not be easily distinguished from the symptoms caused by
700:"Biosynthesis of the antifungal haterumalide, oocydin A, in S erratia , and its regulation by quorum sensing, RpoS and Hfq: Biosynthesis and regulation of oocydin A"
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996:
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invades and then degrades the cell wall. In late spring to the summer the bacteria can spread from the original seed tuber to the developing roots and stems.
655:
Toth, Ian; Humphris, Sonia; Campbell, Emma; Pritchard, Leighton (2015-03-12). "Why
Genomics Research on Pectobacterium and Dickeya Makes a Difference".
957:
331:. The disease can then spread more when the potato tubers are put into storage. Rotten tubers that were discarded can allow for disease dispersal.
616:"The effect of temperature on the phenotypic features and the maceration ability of Dickeya solani strains isolated in Finland, Israel and Poland"
196:
in 2005, before spreading rapidly, causing €25–30 million of damage annually by 2010. Three cases appeared in
Scotland in 2009 and one in 2010.
482:
Zhou, Jianuan; Cheng, Yingying; Lv, Mingfa; Liao, Lisheng; Chen, Yufan; Gu, Yanfang; Liu, Shiyin; Jiang, Zide; Xiong, Yuanyan (2015-08-04).
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Toth, I. K.; Van Der Wolf, J. M.; Saddler, G.; Lojkowska, E.; Hélias, V.; Pirhonen, M.; Tsror Lahkim, L.; Elphinstone, J. G. (2011).
270:
spp. can attack the host, the type III secretion system can code for hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) genes. In some
411:
484:"The complete genome sequence of Dickeya zeae EC1 reveals substantial divergence from other Dickeya strains and species"
970:
189:
but is more virulent, causing disease from lower levels of inoculum and spreading through the plant more effectively.
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749:"Solanimycin: Biosynthesis and Distribution of a New Antifungal Antibiotic Regulated by Two Quorum-Sensing Systems"
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54:
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can code for zeamine, which is a phytotoxin. The genes for coding zeamine are not well-conserved among the
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spp. have virulence factors such as extracellular enzymes, type III secretion systems, and phospholipases.
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806:"Interplay of classic Exp and specific Vfm quorum sensing systems on the phenotypic features of
542:"Blackleg of potato (Dickeya solani) | Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs"
575:"A review on Dickeya solani, a new pathogenic bacterium causing loss in potato yield in Europe"
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can invade quickly and the bacterial cells relay on a cell to cell communication method called
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can cause disease more effectively in temperate climates in comparison to other
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Potrykus, Marta; Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat, Nicole; Lojkowska, Ewa (2017-12-18).
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Matilla, Miguel A.; Leeper, Finian J.; Salmond, George P. C. (August 2015).
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can induce disease at lower inoculum levels. One reason for this is that
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375:"Dickeya species: An emerging problem for potato production in Europe"
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Golanowska, Malgorzata; Kielar, Joanna; Lojkowska, Ewa (2016-10-04).
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crops. Its symptoms are often indistinguishable from those caused by
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species the hrp genes are involved early on in pathogenesis.
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produces more cell wall degrading enzymes compared to other
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is more aggressive in causing blackleg than other species.
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pathogens these genes were most likely acquired through
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compounds including oocydin A and the novel compound
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282:spp. However these synthesis genes are similar in
573:Golanowska, Małgorzata; Łojkowska, Ewa (2016).
310:which are thought to help it outcompete fungi.
810:strains exhibiting different virulence levels"
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335:can overwinter in soil on plant residues.
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20:
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889:- the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
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1063:Bacterial plant pathogens and diseases
408:"Major new disease threat to potatoes"
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1012:d6638c81-b430-42d0-95cf-ec266a1d1c53
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564:
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477:
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657:American Journal of Potato Research
620:European Journal of Plant Pathology
436:European Journal of Plant Pathology
434:conditions of Norway and Poland".
410:. Farmers Guardian. Archived from
298:late in the evolutionary process.
44:on a potato stem in early summer.
14:
406:William Surman (19 August 2010).
868:
392:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2011.02427.x
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192:It was first discovered in the
1:
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1058:Bacteria described in 2014
704:Environmental Microbiology
290:. During the evolution of
814:Molecular Plant Pathology
669:10.1007/s12230-015-9446-8
633:10.1007/s10658-016-1044-1
501:10.1186/s12864-015-1545-x
448:10.1007/s10658-016-1140-2
145:
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50:Scientific classification
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296:horizontal gene transfer
155:van der Wolf et al. 2014
716:10.1111/1462-2920.12839
592:10.5114/bta.2016.60781
765:10.1128/mbio.02472-22
208:is the potato plant (
877:at Wikimedia Commons
16:Species of bacterium
87:Gammaproteobacteria
241:spp. Furthermore,
1048:Pectobacteriaceae
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1020:Open Tree of Life
900:Taxon identifiers
873:Media related to
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210:Solanum tuberosum
200:Host and symptoms
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107:Pectobacteriaceae
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863:External links
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808:Dickeya solani
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663:(2): 218–222.
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626:(4): 803–817.
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579:BioTechnologia
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442:(4): 839–851.
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333:Dickeya solani
329:Dickeya solani
325:quorum sensing
321:Dickeya solani
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302:also produces
300:Dickeya solani
288:Dickeya solani
276:Dickeya solani
251:Dickeya solani
247:Dickeya solani
243:Dickeya solani
235:Dickeya solani
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223:Dickeya solani
218:Pectobacterium
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186:Pectobacterium
164:Dickeya solani
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149:Dickeya solani
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131:D. solani
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550:. Retrieved
548:. 2017-01-24
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585:: 109–127.
308:solanimycin
194:Netherlands
1042:Categories
552:2018-12-12
494:(1): 571.
385:(3): 385.
339:References
304:antifungal
834:1464-6722
791:252779829
677:1099-209X
642:0929-1873
601:0860-7796
510:1471-2164
456:0929-1873
354:"Dickeya"
169:bacterium
125:Species:
923:Q5273669
917:Wikidata
852:28921772
783:36214559
685:17921429
528:26239726
464:22490637
177:soft rot
173:blackleg
103:Family:
73:Phylum:
67:Bacteria
63:Domain:
1002:1089444
963:7564445
932:BacDive
843:6638156
734:1396070
725:4552970
519:4522980
418:26 July
292:Dickeya
280:Dickeya
272:Dickeya
268:Dickeya
263:Dickeya
259:Dickeya
255:Dickeya
239:Dickeya
214:Dickeya
118:Dickeya
113:Genus:
93:Order:
83:Class:
1025:923426
1009:NZOR:
976:120278
950:DICKSO
885:at Bac
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181:potato
937:23909
787:S2CID
730:S2CID
681:S2CID
546:DAERA
460:S2CID
257:spp.
167:is a
997:NCBI
984:LPSN
958:GBIF
945:EPPO
887:Dive
848:PMID
830:ISSN
779:PMID
753:mBio
673:ISSN
638:ISSN
597:ISSN
524:PMID
506:ISSN
452:ISSN
420:2011
359:LPSN
286:and
175:and
971:ISC
838:PMC
822:doi
769:hdl
761:doi
720:PMC
712:doi
665:doi
628:doi
624:147
587:doi
514:PMC
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444:doi
440:148
387:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
