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move it laterally to minimize injury, but if the membranes are heavily damaged or the leech is too strongly attached a sodium chloride solution can be used to irrigate the nose in order to weaken or break the leech’s hold. This is because the saline disrupts the mucous layer of the leech. This is considered the best treatment if possible. It is considered to be much less painful for the victim and causes far less bleeding in the aftermath. The anemia is usually treated with iron and vitamin supplements.
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366:. These leeches are aquatic and live in stagnant low oxygen water sources. This can be in ponds or lakes where humans, cattle, or wild animals drink or bathe. Poverty and drought are examples of how humans and domesticated animals can become hosts more often. Limited water sources and sharing them with wildlife can introduce leeches into the water.
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can be deadly in children or small animals. Disease transmission has not been recorded in this species. Treatment for a leech infestation starts with attempting to remove the parasites manually with artery forceps. The forceps are used to grip the leech’s mucus-covered body tightly and attempt the
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are dorsoventrally flattened with tappers at each end. Both ends contain a sucker that they use to attach to the host. The posterior end is used for locomotion and the main attachment to a host. The anterior end is where the mouth, jaws, and teeth are located. The jaws of this leech are made up of
335:, Although most instances were found in the nasopharynx, lower airways, or upper esophagus. Humans become victims from bathing or drinking unfiltered water in less-developed areas where safe water is less accessible. Several species of leech are known to feed on humans including
273:
has a dark red to brown coloring consistent throughout its segmented body. This species only reaches around 70mm in length when fully engorged at adult size. Juveniles enter a host at less than a centimeter and are very difficult to detect.
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have weaker jaws than those of terrestrial leeches. This leads to them most often attaching themselves to the thin surfaces of the mucosal membranes. Aquatic leeches have been found on sites such as the
351:. Human infections have been shown to not exceed more than only one leech infecting an individual. Cattle and other large animals can have more than 8 found during an examination.
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is a condition characterized by an infestation of leeches. Leeches can cause airway obstruction, severe respiratory distress,
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569:"Aquatic leech infestation: a rare cause of severe anaemia in an adolescent Tanzanian girl"
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Mulilo, Misheck A.; Siwila, Joyce; Madoshi, Philbert B.; Silayo, Richard S. (2020-03-27).
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is found throughout
Southeast Asia, but is very common in many parts of
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443:"Hirudiniasis in Cattle in Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region of Tanzania"
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Kruger, Carsten; Malleyeck, Isaack; Olsen, Ole H. E. (2004-06-01).
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507:"Nasal leech infestation causing persistent epistaxis"
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44:infesting the eye of a dog; (B) anatomical view of
257:. It has been documented to feed on humans.
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511:Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock
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447:Case Reports in Veterinary Medicine
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269:three sections that meet in a Y.
245:. The species is found widely in
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573:European Journal of Pediatrics
385:. Blood loss leading to acute
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711:Freshwater animals of Asia
721:Animals described in 1927
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331:, and the creases of the
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53:Scientific classification
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355:Distribution and habitat
282:Aquatic leeches such as
249:and mainly feeds on the
524:10.4103/0974-2700.83875
505:Sarathi, Kalra (2011).
253:of the mammalian upper
460:10.1155/2020/3028345
342:Hirudinea granulosa
348:Hirundinea viridis
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683:Open Tree of Life
625:Taxon identifiers
338:Tyrannobdella rex
255:respiratory tract
251:mucosal membranes
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208:(Blanchard, 1896)
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360:Dinobdella ferox
237:is a species of
234:Dinobdella ferox
225:Blanchard, 1896
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202:Dinobdella ferox
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146:Arhynchobdellida
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25:Dinobdella ferox
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156:Praobdellidae
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16:Leech species
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417:. Retrieved
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408:"Dinobdella"
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375:Hirudiniasis
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419:3 September
383:hematemesis
305:conjunctiva
172:Moore, 1927
705:Categories
394:References
379:hemoptysis
167:Dinobdella
132:Subclass:
126:Clitellata
116:Sedentaria
593:0340-6199
533:0974-2700
469:2090-7001
370:Treatment
317:esophagus
178:Species:
136:Hirudinea
76:Kingdom:
70:Eukaryota
648:Q7997358
642:Wikidata
609:22092028
601:15346909
551:21887037
487:32280554
284:D. ferox
271:D. ferox
266:D. ferox
215:Synonyms
152:Family:
90:Annelida
86:Phylum:
80:Animalia
66:Domain:
46:D. ferox
42:D. ferox
716:Leeches
662:5854603
542:3162716
478:7140120
453:: 1–6.
325:bladder
313:bronchi
309:trachea
297:pharynx
162:Genus:
142:Order:
122:Class:
688:556211
675:755736
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387:anemia
364:Taiwan
345:, and
329:rectum
321:vagina
301:larynx
605:S2CID
381:, or
293:mouth
239:leech
110:Clade
97:Clade
670:NCBI
657:GBIF
597:PMID
589:ISSN
547:PMID
529:ISSN
483:PMID
465:ISSN
451:2020
421:2023
333:eyes
289:nose
40:(A)
581:doi
577:163
537:PMC
519:doi
473:PMC
455:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
