255:
Wankel engines are able to produce higher power levels for a given displacement. Therefore, they are generally taxed as 1.5 times their stated physical displacement (1.3 litres becomes effectively 2.0, 2.0 becomes effectively 3.0), although actual power outputs can be higher than suggested by
250:
In many areas of the United States, Canada (except Quebec), Australia and New
Zealand, the road taxes are not based on engine displacement. However, the engine displacement is often used in low-powered scooters or mopeds to determine whether a licence is required to operate the vehicle. A common
193:
256:
this conversion factor.The nominal displacement of a Wankel engine is 3 times smaller than the physical displacement, but this is compensated by the fact that the shaft has 3 times the rotational speed of the rotor. The nominal displacement is the swept volume of a single chamber.
221:
In several countries fees and taxes levied on road vehicles by transport authorities are scaled in proportion to engine displacement. In countries where this is practised, vehicle manufacturers often seek to increase power output through higher-revving engines or
206:
motorcycles, can sometimes yield misleading results when attempting to compare engines. Manufacturers and regulators may develop and use specialised formulae to determine a comparative nominal displacement for variant engine types.
236:
In the United
Kingdom, cars registered after 1 March 2001 are taxed based on the exhaust emissions. However, cars registered before this date are taxed based on engine displacement. Cars under 1549 cm qualify for a lower tax
129:
81:) an engine might be capable of producing and the amount of fuel it should be expected to consume. For this reason displacement is one of the measures often used in advertising, as well as regulating, motor vehicles.
407:
240:
In Japan, the engine displacement is one of the factors (along with overall vehicle size and power output) used to determine the vehicle size class and therefore the cost of road tax for the vehicle.
247:
with a displacement of less than 50 cc (3.1 cu in) can be driven with minimum qualifications. This led to all light motorbikes having a displacement of about 49.9 cm.
467:
404:
425:
112:
The overall displacement for a typical reciprocating piston engine is calculated by multiplying together three values; the distance travelled by the piston (the
233:
In some
European countries, and which predates the EU, there is one charge for engines over 1.0 litre, and another at the level of about 1.6 litres.
460:
188:{\displaystyle {\text{Displacement}}={\text{stroke length}}\times \pi \left({\frac {\text{bore}}{2}}\right)^{2}\times {\text{number of cylinders}}}
1035:
453:
974:
40:
652:
949:
376:
303:
and hybrid/electric drivetrains since 2010 have resulted in far fewer model names being based on the engine displacement.
533:
1124:
476:
1085:
999:
944:
896:
804:
1080:
921:
630:
855:
74:
351:
264:
Historically, many car model names have included their engine displacement. Examples include the 1923–1930
677:
312:
794:
635:
332:
789:
561:
31:
69:. It is commonly used as an expression of an engine's size, and by extension as an indicator of the
939:
837:
289:
860:
657:
293:
265:
66:
44:
662:
602:
553:
322:
300:
55:
954:
911:
870:
819:
784:
705:
692:
117:
89:
78:
1065:
776:
625:
582:
411:
327:
113:
414:: The Cost of Vehicle Tax for Cars, Motorcycles, Light Goods Vehicles and Trade Licences.
931:
901:
756:
523:
1118:
1103:
994:
987:
964:
809:
741:
736:
700:
617:
557:
518:
508:
317:
273:
199:
85:
62:
17:
720:
715:
682:
587:
577:
513:
497:
285:
223:
70:
100:(l or L), or – particularly in the United States –
1098:
982:
799:
751:
710:
667:
597:
229:
Examples of countries where the road taxes are based upon engine displacement:
1070:
1030:
1009:
1004:
906:
891:
814:
746:
672:
612:
543:
281:
269:
101:
445:
1025:
766:
761:
548:
528:
39:
1048:
1044:
916:
647:
572:
538:
277:
216:
203:
1075:
959:
886:
865:
642:
592:
58:
426:"Additional Registration Fee for Large Cylinder Capacity Vehicles"
244:
120:
of the cylinder, and the number of cylinders in the whole engine.
97:
93:
38:
30:"Swept volume" redirects here. For the 3D display technology, see
1040:
198:
Using this formula for non-typical types of engine, such as the
449:
487:
280:
with a 3,968 cc engine. This was especially common in US
132:
1058:
1018:
973:
930:
879:
846:
828:
775:
729:
691:
611:
496:
187:
377:"Math for Automotives - Displacement of a Piston"
251:threshold is 50 cc (3.1 cu in).
461:
8:
47:. The volume displaced is marked in orange.
468:
454:
446:
226:, instead of increasing the displacement.
288:Boss 302 and 429, and later GT 5.0L, The
180:
171:
157:
141:
133:
131:
534:Crankcase ventilation system (PCV valve)
343:
243:In France and some other EU countries,
43:One complete cycle of a four-cylinder,
272:/5.8-litre engine), and the 1963–1968
7:
84:It is usually expressed using the
27:Volume swept by all of the pistons
25:
202:and the oval-piston type used in
61:swept by all of the pistons of a
636:Overhead valve (pushrod) layout
1:
352:"Piston Engine Displacement"
1141:
477:Internal combustion engine
214:
29:
1094:
945:Diesel particulate filter
897:Idle air control actuator
838:Engine control unit (ECU)
483:
386:. Antelope Valley College
276:(a 1.8-litre engine) and
92:(cc or cm, equivalent to
1010:Viscous fan (fan clutch)
922:Throttle position sensor
631:Overhead camshaft layout
299:However, trends towards
211:Governmental regulations
549:Core plug (freeze plug)
356:The Engineering Toolbox
75:mean effective pressure
313:Active Fuel Management
260:Automotive model names
189:
54:is the measure of the
48:
333:Variable displacement
190:
104:(CID, cu in, or in).
42:
18:Displacement (engine)
790:Compression ignition
410:16 June 2006 at the
130:
32:Swept-volume display
940:Catalytic converter
290:Plymouth Roadrunner
266:Cadillac Series 353
182:number of cylinders
67:combustion chambers
52:Engine displacement
1066:Knocking / pinging
658:Combustion chamber
294:Chevrolet Chevelle
268:(powered by a 353
185:
49:
45:four-stroke engine
1125:Engine technology
1112:
1111:
1081:Stratified charge
848:Electrical system
830:Engine management
663:Compression ratio
603:Starter ring gear
502:rotating assembly
323:Compression ratio
183:
165:
161:
144:
136:
90:cubic centimetres
16:(Redirected from
1132:
955:Exhaust manifold
820:Spark plug wires
706:Boost controller
693:Forced induction
470:
463:
456:
447:
441:
440:
438:
436:
421:
415:
402:
396:
395:
393:
391:
381:
373:
367:
366:
364:
362:
348:
296:SS 396 and 454.
194:
192:
191:
186:
184:
181:
176:
175:
170:
166:
159:
158:
145:
142:
137:
134:
123:The formula is:
79:rotational speed
65:, excluding the
21:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1090:
1086:Top dead centre
1054:
1014:
969:
926:
875:
849:
842:
831:
824:
771:
725:
687:
643:Tappet / lifter
626:Flathead layout
616:
607:
501:
492:
479:
474:
444:
434:
432:
423:
422:
418:
412:Wayback Machine
403:
399:
389:
387:
379:
375:
374:
370:
360:
358:
350:
349:
345:
341:
328:Stroke (engine)
309:
262:
219:
213:
153:
152:
128:
127:
110:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
991:
990:
985:
979:
977:
975:Cooling system
971:
970:
968:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
936:
934:
932:Exhaust system
928:
927:
925:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
902:Inlet manifold
899:
894:
889:
883:
881:
877:
876:
874:
873:
868:
863:
858:
852:
850:
847:
844:
843:
841:
840:
834:
832:
829:
826:
825:
823:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
781:
779:
773:
772:
770:
769:
764:
759:
757:Fuel injection
754:
749:
744:
739:
733:
731:
727:
726:
724:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
697:
695:
689:
688:
686:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
639:
638:
633:
628:
622:
620:
609:
608:
606:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
524:Connecting rod
521:
516:
511:
505:
503:
494:
493:
484:
481:
480:
475:
473:
472:
465:
458:
450:
443:
442:
416:
397:
368:
342:
340:
337:
336:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
308:
305:
261:
258:
253:
252:
248:
241:
238:
234:
215:Main article:
212:
209:
196:
195:
179:
174:
169:
164:
156:
151:
148:
140:
109:
106:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1137:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
989:
988:Water cooling
986:
984:
981:
980:
978:
976:
972:
966:
965:Oxygen sensor
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
937:
935:
933:
929:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
884:
882:
880:Intake system
878:
872:
871:Starter motor
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
853:
851:
845:
839:
836:
835:
833:
827:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
810:Ignition coil
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
780:
778:
774:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
742:Petrol engine
740:
738:
737:Diesel engine
735:
734:
732:
728:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
701:Blowoff valve
699:
698:
696:
694:
690:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
640:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
621:
619:
618:Cylinder head
614:
610:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
563:
559:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
509:Balance shaft
507:
506:
504:
499:
495:
491:
489:
482:
478:
471:
466:
464:
459:
457:
452:
451:
448:
431:
427:
420:
417:
413:
409:
406:
405:Direct.gov.uk
401:
398:
385:
378:
372:
369:
357:
353:
347:
344:
338:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
318:Bore (engine)
316:
314:
311:
310:
306:
304:
302:
297:
295:
292:383, and the
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
259:
257:
249:
246:
242:
239:
235:
232:
231:
230:
227:
225:
224:turbocharging
218:
210:
208:
205:
201:
200:Wankel design
177:
172:
167:
162:
154:
149:
146:
143:stroke length
138:
126:
125:
124:
121:
119:
118:circular area
115:
114:stroke length
107:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
63:piston engine
60:
57:
53:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
995:Electric fan
795:Coil-on-plug
721:Turbocharger
716:Supercharger
588:Main bearing
578:Firing order
568:Displacement
567:
514:Block heater
498:Engine block
486:Part of the
485:
433:. Retrieved
429:
419:
400:
388:. Retrieved
383:
371:
359:. Retrieved
355:
346:
298:
286:Ford Mustang
278:Lexus LS 400
263:
254:
228:
220:
197:
135:Displacement
122:
111:
102:cubic inches
83:
51:
50:
36:
1019:Lubrication
983:Air cooling
800:Distributor
752:Fuel filter
730:Fuel system
711:Intercooler
678:Timing belt
668:Head gasket
598:Piston ring
284:, like the
282:muscle cars
94:millilitres
1071:Power band
1031:Oil filter
1005:Thermostat
950:EGT sensor
912:MAF sensor
907:MAP sensor
892:Air filter
856:Alternator
815:Spark plug
747:Carburetor
673:Rocker arm
613:Valvetrain
544:Crankshaft
488:Automobile
339:References
301:downsizing
270:Cubic inch
108:Definition
805:Glow plug
767:Fuel tank
762:Fuel pump
529:Crankcase
390:18 August
361:18 August
178:×
150:π
147:×
88:units of
73:(through
1119:Category
1104:Category
1049:Dry sump
1045:Wet sump
1036:Oil pump
1000:Radiator
917:Throttle
777:Ignition
648:Camshaft
573:Flywheel
554:Cylinder
539:Crankpin
435:12 March
408:Archived
307:See also
274:BMW 1800
217:Road tax
204:Honda NR
56:cylinder
1076:Redline
960:Muffler
861:Battery
785:Magneto
384:arc.edu
116:), the
1099:Portal
887:Airbox
866:Dynamo
593:Piston
583:Stroke
562:layout
490:series
424:SAAQ.
245:mopeds
98:litres
86:metric
59:volume
1059:Other
683:Valve
653:Chest
380:(PDF)
237:rate.
96:) or
71:power
1041:Sump
558:bank
519:Bore
437:2018
430:SAAQ
392:2021
363:2021
160:bore
77:and
1026:Oil
615:and
500:and
1121::
1047:,
560:,
428:.
382:.
354:.
1051:)
1043:(
564:)
556:(
469:e
462:t
455:v
439:.
394:.
365:.
173:2
168:)
163:2
155:(
139:=
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
