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this menu as a way for a user to control certain playback options. Other
Applications include changing the status of an online alias (MSN, AIM/iChat etc.) or automatically saving the changes that have been made in a document (There is no current application with this feature made available for macOS). Docklings (in Mac OS X 10.4 or earlier) can also be opened by using the right-mouse button, if the mouse has one, but most of the time either clicking and holding or control-click will bring the menu up.
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instead be placed on the left or right edges of the screen if the user wishes. Applications that do not normally keep icons in the Dock will still appear there when running and remain until they are quit. These features are unlike those of the dock in the NeXT operating systems where the capacity of the Dock is dependent on
217:
294:. Stacks "stack" files into a small organized folder on the Dock, and they can be opened by left-clicking. Stacks could be shown in three ways: a "fan", a "grid", or a "list", which is similar to docklings. In grid view, the folders in that stack can be opened directly in that stack without the need to open Finder.
236:
below its icon. If the program is running, there isn't an ellipsis on the icon. In macOS, running applications have been variously identified by a small black triangle (Mac OS X 10.0-10.4) a blue-tinted luminous dot (Mac OS X 10.5-10.7), a horizontal light bar (OS X 10.8 and 10.9), and a simple black
513:
was developed, wrote an article in 2001 listing ten problems he saw with the Dock. This article was updated in 2004, removing two of the original criticisms and adding a new one. One of his concerns was that the Dock uses too much screen space. Another was that icons only show their labels when the
274:
The macOS Dock also has extended menus that control applications without making them visible on screen. On most applications it has simple options such as Quit, Keep In Dock, Remove From Dock, and other options, though some applications use these menus for other purposes, such as iTunes, which uses
240:
In macOS, however, the Dock is used as a repository for any program or file in the operating system. It can hold any number of items and resizes them dynamically to fit while using magnification to better view smaller items. By default, it appears on the bottom edge of the screen, but it can also
348:
The original version of the dock, found in Mac OS X Public Beta to 10.0, presents a flat white translucent interface with the Aqua styled pinstripes. The dock found in Mac OS X 10.1 to 10.4 removes the pinstripes, but otherwise is identical. Mac OS X 10.5 to 10.7 presents the applications on a
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pointer hovers over them, so similar-looking folders, files, and windows are difficult to distinguish. Tognazzini also criticized the fact that when icons are dragged out of the Dock, they vanish with no easy way to get them back; he called this behavior "object annihilation".
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When an application on the Dock is launched by clicking on it, it will jump until the software is finished loading. Additionally, when an application requires attention from a user, it will jump even higher until its icon is clicked and the user attends to its demands.
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the following year, he also noted that the Dock does far too many tasks than it should for optimum ease-of-use, including launching apps, switching apps, opening files, and holding minimized windows. Siracusa further criticized the Dock after the release of
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application dock. OS X 10.8 to 10.9 changes the look to resemble frosted glass with rounded corners. OS X 10.10 and later revert to a two-dimensional appearance, similar to Mac OS X 10.4, although more translucent and with a iOS 7 blur effect.
369:(2006-2012 or 2019-). iPhone OS 3.2 for iPad and iOS 4 to 6 adopted the dock design from Mac OS X 10.5 to 10.7 which was used until iOS 7, which uses a similar dock from Mac OS X Tiger but with iOS 7 styled blur effects. In
534:, noting that it was made less usable for the sake of eye-candy. Siracusa criticized the 3D look and reflections, the faint blue indicator for open applications, and less distinguishable files and folders.
541:, stated some concerns with the Dock, including the facts that it grows in both directions, holds the Trash icon, and has no persistent labels. Holwerda also criticized the revised Dock appearance in
271:-like app, onto the bar. Also, when the screen was put into landscape mode, the user could choose to position the Button Bar at the right or left side of the screen, just like the Dock in macOS.
196:, which are permanent fixtures as the leftmost and rightmost items (or highest and lowest items if the Dock is vertically oriented), respectively. Part of the macOS
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145:. It is used to launch applications and to switch between running applications. The Dock is also a prominent feature of macOS's predecessor
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in 2000. He noted that because the Dock is centered, adding and removing icons changes the location of the other icons. In a review of
232:. The icon for the Workspace Manager and the Recycler are always visible. The Dock indicates if a program is not running by showing an
412:, which is remarkably similar to the macOS Dock. The Icon Bar was first implemented in 1987 for the first version of RISC OS, named
309:. The maximum for the iPad however is 16 icons (13 apps and 3 recently opened apps). The size of the dock on iOS cannot be changed.
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functionality since macOS inherits no other such technology from NeXTSTEP. (Minimal Shelf functionality has been implemented in the
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onto the Dock to add it to the dock, and any application can be dragged from the dock to remove it, except for
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operating systems. The earliest known implementations of a dock are found in operating systems such as
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three-dimensional glassy surface from a perspective instead of the traditional flat one, resembling
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In iPhone OS 1 to 3, the dock used a metal look which looks similar to the front of the
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does have a dock-like application called
Launcher, which was first introduced with
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482:'s Wharf (a derivation from the NeXTstep UI), iTask NG (a module used with some
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Apple applied for a US patent for the design of the Dock in 1999 and was granted
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637:"iPad gets overhauled multitasking and other major software updates in iOS 11"
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615:"iOS 11 brings drag-and-drop, windows and a file system to iPad | TechCrunch"
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509:, a usability consultant who worked for Apple in the 1980s and 1990s before
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MacOS was not the first operating system to implement dock-like features.
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In NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP, the Dock is an application launcher that holds
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The changes to the dock bring its functionality also close to that of
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in
October 2008, nearly a decade later. Any application can be
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Leopard dock resembles Sun's
Project Looking Glass? - Engadget
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397:. It performs the same basic function. Also, add-ons such as
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435:, which implements functionality similar to the macOS Dock.
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and iPhone X is redesigned to more resemble the macOS dock.
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454:(which emulates the look and feel of the NeXTstep GUI),
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Microsoft implemented a simplified dock feature in the
301:, the dock is used to store applications and, since
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427:. This Quick Launch toolbar feature remained until
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764:"Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard: the Ars Technica review"
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690:"Top Nine Reasons the Apple Dock Still Sucks"
393:models in 1993 and later included as part of
8:
401:added a dock for users of earlier versions.
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885:
833:
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790:"Common Usability Terms, pt. VI: the Dock"
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245:. This may be an attempt to recover some
27:Graphical user interface feature by Apple
161:has its own version of the Dock for the
566:
688:Tognazzini, Bruce (January 1, 2004).
7:
237:or white dot (OS X 10.10-present).
788:Thom Howlerda (October 17, 2007).
762:John Siracusa (October 28, 2007).
661:Moore, Charles (October 2, 2001).
635:Gartenberg, Chaim (June 5, 2017).
574:Modine, Austin (October 8, 2008).
25:
1974:Graphical user interface elements
537:Thom Holwerda, a managing editor
1932:
1931:
738:"Mac OS X 10.0 - User Interface"
115:/open-apps-from-the-dock-mh35859
1572:Apple Push Notification service
431:, where it was replaced by the
712:"Mac OS X DP3: Trial by Water"
408:contains a feature called the
137:is a prominent feature of the
1:
290:, docklings were replaced by
206:/System/Library/CoreServices/
344:to present versions of macOS
1817:System Integrity Protection
663:"Using the Mac OS Launcher"
517:John Siracusa, writing for
340:The dock, as it appears in
325:The dock, as it appears in
55:; 24 years ago
1990:
1928:denote upcoming products.
1921:
1547:
1358:
848:
576:"Apple patents OS X Dock"
139:graphical user interface
1822:Uniform Type Identifier
1519:Remote Install Mac OS X
1383:Bluetooth File Exchange
1707:Grand Central Dispatch
736:John Siracusa (2001).
710:John Siracusa (2000).
460:Avant Window Navigator
421:Windows Desktop Update
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1964:Application launchers
466:(amongst others) for
355:Project Looking Glass
339:
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523:Mac OS X Public Beta
450:. Some examples are
228:for frequently used
1889:Classic Environment
1458:Migration Assistant
1413:Digital Color Meter
1295:Former Applications
1157:Notification Center
488:Linux distributions
425:Internet Explorer 4
373:, the dock for the
282:Stacks in grid view
186:dragged and dropped
34:
1537:Technologies &
1514:ODBC Administrator
1473:System Information
959:10.8 Mountain Lion
470:and various other
423:that shipped with
391:Macintosh Performa
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243:display resolution
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1562:Apple File System
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1418:Directory Utility
1347:
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1290:
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1272:Interface Builder
1050:Core Applications
1038:
1037:
995:10.13 High Sierra
938:10.6 Snow Leopard
442:are also used in
131:
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16:(Redirected from
1981:
1935:
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1827:Universal binary
1545:
1483:Universal Access
1423:DiskImageMounter
1378:Audio MIDI Setup
1363:Activity Monitor
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1182:Quicktime Player
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974:10.11 El Capitan
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669:on July 27, 2014
665:. Archived from
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381:Related software
365:(2003-2005) and
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288:Mac OS X Leopard
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1802:Speakable items
1772:Preference Pane
1752:Mission Control
1642:Core Foundation
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1524:Software Update
1509:Network Utility
1492:
1468:System Settings
1453:Keychain Access
1373:Archive Utility
1368:AirPort Utility
1343:
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1282:Quartz Composer
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1234:Developer Tools
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1592:AVFoundation
1497:Discontinued
1428:Disk Utility
1398:Configurator
1265:Former tools
1224:Time Machine
1043:Applications
1000:10.14 Mojave
990:10.12 Sierra
933:10.5 Leopard
923:10.3 Panther
908:10.0 Cheetah
858:Architecture
799:February 28,
797:. Retrieved
783:
773:February 28,
771:. Retrieved
768:Ars Technica
757:
747:February 28,
745:. Retrieved
742:Ars Technica
731:
721:February 28,
719:. Retrieved
716:Ars Technica
705:
695:December 20,
693:. Retrieved
683:
671:. Retrieved
667:the original
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39:Developer(s)
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1757:Night Shift
1652:Core OpenGL
1622:Command key
1587:Audio Units
1577:AppleScript
1438:Help Viewer
1251:Instruments
1167:Photo Booth
1112:Game Center
1015:12 Monterey
918:10.2 Jaguar
903:Public Beta
18:Dock (OS X)
1953:Categories
1851:Deprecated
1787:Quick Look
1767:Option key
1742:Menu extra
1702:Gatekeeper
1697:Foundation
1672:Cover Flow
1662:Core Video
1647:Core Image
1632:Core Audio
1567:Apple menu
1097:DVD Player
1092:Dictionary
1067:Calculator
1030:15 Sequoia
1020:13 Ventura
1010:11 Big Sur
928:10.4 Tiger
898:Server 1.0
561:References
307:iPod Touch
265:Button Bar
182:the patent
169:, as does
167:iPod Touch
44:Apple Inc.
1899:QuickTime
1807:Spotlight
1687:FileVault
1657:Core Text
1637:Core Data
1617:ColorSync
1488:VoiceOver
1448:Installer
1433:Font Book
1393:ColorSync
1388:Boot Camp
1352:Utilities
1307:Front Row
1302:Dashboard
1256:FileMerge
1204:Shortcuts
1187:Reminders
1127:Launchpad
1062:Automator
1057:App Store
1025:14 Sonoma
954:10.7 Lion
913:10.1 Puma
646:August 8,
641:The Verge
620:August 8,
587:August 8,
502:Criticism
498:'s Slit.
480:AfterStep
476:adesklets
429:Windows 7
399:DragThing
327:OS X 10.8
262:Newton OS
113:/mac-help
1938:Category
1727:Keychain
1607:CloudKit
1478:Terminal
1339:Sherlock
1277:Dashcode
1219:TextEdit
1214:Stickies
1162:Podcasts
1137:Messages
1102:FaceTime
1082:Contacts
1072:Calendar
890:Mac OS X
882:Versions
873:Software
673:July 28,
549:See also
511:Mac OS X
496:Blackbox
490:such as
472:gdesklet
464:KXDocker
438:Various
433:Superbar
410:Icon bar
234:ellipsis
230:programs
212:Overview
202:Dock.app
173:for the
151:OPENSTEP
147:NeXTSTEP
83:Dock.app
1926:Italics
1894:Inkwell
1842:XQuartz
1792:Rosetta
1732:launchd
1597:Bonjour
1552:AirDrop
1403:Console
1332:history
1177:Preview
1117:Grapher
853:History
555:Taskbar
486:-based
478:docks,
406:RISC OS
367:Mac Pro
155:RISC OS
105:support
100:Website
94:Taskbar
58: (
1936:
1904:Spaces
1884:Carbon
1832:WebKit
1812:Stacks
1782:Quartz
1762:OpenCL
1737:Mach-O
1717:iCloud
1677:Darwin
1602:Bundle
1557:AppKit
1327:iTunes
1317:iPhoto
1192:Safari
1172:Photos
1107:Finder
868:Server
794:OSNews
539:OSNews
494:) and
458:, and
414:Arthur
371:iOS 11
317:Design
292:Stacks
269:Finder
251:Finder
190:Finder
171:iPadOS
163:iPhone
120:
111:/guide
107:.apple
1909:Xgrid
1874:BootX
1747:Metal
1692:Fonts
1612:Cocoa
1322:iSync
1312:iChat
1243:Xcode
1152:Notes
1147:Music
1077:Chess
983:macOS
842:macOS
456:Docky
444:Linux
440:docks
303:iOS 4
258:Apple
247:Shelf
226:icons
194:Trash
143:macOS
74:macOS
1969:NeXT
1858:HFS+
1712:icns
1682:Dock
1667:CUPS
1582:Aqua
1504:Grab
1209:Siri
1142:News
1132:Mail
1122:Home
947:OS X
801:2008
775:2008
749:2008
723:2008
697:2006
675:2014
648:2017
622:2017
589:2017
446:and
385:The
375:iPad
331:10.9
192:and
175:iPad
165:and
149:and
135:Dock
133:The
117:/mac
109:.com
89:Type
60:2000
53:2000
33:Dock
1837:XNU
492:gOS
468:KDE
448:BSD
329:to
299:iOS
297:In
286:In
260:'s
253:.)
159:iOS
141:of
1955::
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20:)
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