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230:, later director general of MI5 and also suspected by some of having been a Russian spy, wrote to Philby detailing Galton's visits to Russia in 1934 and with Pares in 1935–1936. He stated that Galton had been told by a Communist Party superior in 1936 to stop her political work in favour of "special research work". In September 1946, MI5 wrote again to Philby saying that in their opinion the FBI should ignore Pares and pay attention to Galton instead.
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but "by good fortune" Galton had a list of the names and addresses of all the staff and students at home. In 1941, Galton organised a
Slavonic studies summer school in Oxford that was attended by 78 students. The summer schools continued in various location in Britain until 1950 when the last one was held in Paris. It is not clear whether Galton organised them all. From May to July 1945 she toured American universities following an invitation from the
250:, described by the security services as a "well known communist" had moved in with Galton at her home at 15 South Hill Park Gardens, Hampstead. Also in 1947, she was involved in the Joint Services School of Languages which caused some concern in official channels given Galton's political views. Through the interception of Galton's mail, which continued until 1952, they learned that she had rejoined the Communist Party of Great Britain in 1950.
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158:("Prince Mirsky") well. She wrote that they dined together when Mirsky had money and he indulged his prodigious appetite for food and drink and recited poetry in one of his four languages while she sipped wine. Mirsky's letters to Galton from Moscow from 1932, when he returned to the USSR, to 1937, when he was arrested, were published in the Oxford Slavonic Papers in 1996. Mirsky died in a
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189:(1936). From 1936, however, she stopped her political work in favour of "special research work", apparently on the orders of senior party officials. The British security services continued to monitor Galton throughout the 1930s, reporting in their files on her movements, contacts, correspondence and telephone calls which they intercepted.
293:, a former student at SSEES, described Galton as shy and forthright and avoiding eye-contact. Galton told Crisp, an exile from Poland, that she thought it was Crisp's duty to return to Poland but as she was clearly determined to stay in Britain, she would do what she could to help her, which she did.
103:
from 1920 to 1925 and then in 1925-26 as private secretary to Count Mihaly
Karolyi, the exiled socialist president of Hungary, during which time she travelled with him and his wife to France. It was around this time that Galton first came to official notice after her work for Karolyi was noted in a
197:
During the Second World War, SSEES was partly moved to Oxford to avoid the bombing of London. Galton remained in London in the school's temporary home at 1 Thornhaugh Street. When that building was hit by a bomb on the night of 10–11 May 1941, all the school's administrative records were destroyed
335:
from her home at Garden House, Peacock Lane, Holt, Norfolk, in which she condemned proposed changes to the status of SSEES as another example of "the distasteful, competitive world in which we have to live." At the age of nearly 90, she who had never owned a home or had a bank account because she
210:
made "discreet inquiries" around Galton's home in
Hampstead, which they noted was an area "which is well populated with persons of communist type and sympathies". Reports stated that she was 5 ft 8ins or 9ins tall, and "well built and athletic, fresh complexion, dark bobbed hair, oval face,
301:
Galton retired from SSEES in
December 1961. She was replaced by former army officer and alumnus of SSEES, Ronald Whitworth. She spent her retirement in Norfolk and devoted herself to the study of beekeeping, particularly in Russia, an interest that she first developed in the 1950s. In 1971 the
47:, who was actually working for the KGB, took an interest in her. She was under some form of surveillance for much of her working life but no conclusive evidence of espionage was ever found against her. In retirement she became an expert in beekeeping and wrote several books on the subject.
22:
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of the
International Bee Research Association as having a gift for languages and administration, and a "warm personality", and by an MI5 informant as "a most unpleasant and seriously unbalanced woman and ... by no means efficient". She was described in
32:(14 October 1901 – 27 August 1992) was a British university administrator who was suspected by the British security services of being a Russian spy. Born in north London into a family with strong left-wing links, she was personal secretary to
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and subsequently prepared a report for them on the state of Slavic studies in the universities of the United States, the manuscript of which is held in the SSEES library along with a 59-page diary of her trip.
253:
In April 1952, Galton's father died. Her mother died in
February 1953 and around this time she seems to have come into some money. The security services noted that she had acquired a cottage near
351:
Papers relating to
Dorothy Galton are held at the SSEES library as the Galton Collection. Records relating to the surveillance of Galton by the British security services are held at the British
272:
Despite the long-running suspicions of the security services that Galton was a
Russian spy or at least a plant of the Communist Party of Great Britain, they were never able to prove anything.
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143:. When the school became an independent body in 1932, Galton became its administrative secretary. Later, Galton's tenure at SSEES included the directorships of
343:, Norfolk, on 27 August 1992. She had been suffering from stomach cancer. She donated her body to medical research. She did not marry and left no descendants.
246:
Galton remained an object of interest to the
British security services in the post-war years. In February 1947, they noted that the mathematician, professor
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From 1932 to 1936, Galton was an active member of the
Communist Party of Great Britain in the St Pancras branch. In August 1934 she visited Leningrad on the
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36:, exiled socialist president of Hungary, and later became secretary to the School of Slavonic and East European Studies in London.
79:. She had an older sister Beatrice Jessie Galton. At the time of the 1911 census, the family were living at 49 Bounds Green Road,
218:, who was also working for the Russians, enquired what the British Security Services knew about Galton. According to Philby, the
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branch, travelled to Russia, and taught English at the University of Budapest. In 1972 she had a letter published in
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and "She goes down to it every weekend on her mini-motorcycle." Later they noted that she was moving to a cottage in
108:
from Paris. It seems that after she stopped working for Karolyi she was occupied translating from French to English,
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School of Slavonic and East European Studies (SSEES) Library, University College London. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
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A report on Slavic studies in the universities of the United States made to the Rockefeller Foundation, July 1945.
314:(1982) theorised a "civilisation of the bee" which she thought contributed to the development of the languages of
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member of Parliament for South West Islington, and she had "disposed of her motor-scooter and invested in a car."
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considered interest immoral, inherited a property and a sum of money and had to learn to manage both.
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as "formidable" and "autocratic" but also having many friends and willing to help those in need.
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Galton's early working life was as an assistant in the research and information department of the
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privately. As a young woman she underwent an operation that prevented her from having children.
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and his wife, Jessie Jane Townsend Galton, née Cottridge. Her father was secretary to
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The cover of Dorothy Galton's security services file at the British National Archives
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A modern view of South Hill Park Gardens, Hampstead, where Galton lived in the 1940s
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Bernard Pares, later first director of SSEES, in Russia during the First World War
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thought that Galton had been "instrumental in effecting reconciliation" between
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Some notes for the history of the School of Slavonic Studies by Dorothy Galton
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and made an additional visit in 1935–36 with Bernard Pares who wrote it up in
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509:, Oxford University Press, 2004. Online edition. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
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369:"Sir Bernard Pares and Slavonic Studies in London University, 1919–1939",
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History of the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, 1915–1990
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Modern view of Galton's childhood home (centre) in Wood Green, London
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D.S. Mirsky to Dorothy Galton: Forty letters from Moscow (1932–1937)
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Dorothy Constance GALTON: British. A communist from the early 1930s.
447:. School of Slavonic and East European Studies, London, 1981. 21 pp.
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Opinions were divided over Galton's character. She was described by
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Dorothy Galton was born on 14 October 1901 at 66 Rathcoole Avenue,
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567:. London: School of Slavonic and East European Studies. p. 31.
382:, Vol. 47, No. 109, 1969, pp. 303–307. (With Robert Auty)
441:. School of Slavonic and East European Studies, London, 1955.
535:
1911 England, Wales & Scotland Census Transcription.
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A guide to translations of Pushkin's verse into English
409:. Bee Research Association, Chalfont St. Peter, 1971.
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Stalin's agent: The life and death of Alexander Orlov
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Politicians & moralists of the nineteenth century
261:, Essex, which was part-owned by her brother-in-law,
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Politicians & moralists of the nineteenth century
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The bee-hive: An enquiry into its origin and history
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Dorothy Galton died at her home, 3 Hooks Hill Road,
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The bee-hive: An enquiry into its origin and history
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A survey of a thousand years of beekeeping in Russia
820:Appeal over spy suspect Dorothy's lost manuscript.
407:Survey of a thousand years of beekeeping in Russia
320:Bees, honey and beeswax in early historical times
211:sharp features, wears spectacles, wears no hat".
710:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 108.
590:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 182.
120:in their Library of European Political Thought.
858:National Archives. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
770:, 3 September 2009. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
652:, 1 September 2009. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
587:D.S. Mirsky: A Russian-English life, 1890–1939
131:In 1928, Galton became secretary to professor
116:which was published by Ernest Benn in 1928 as
833:, 11 January 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
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8:
392:"Beeswax as an import in medieval England",
137:School of Slavonic and East European Studies
842:"Slavonic Studies School", Dorothy Galton,
619:, January 2002. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
389:, Vol. 48, No. 110, 1970, pp. 272–282.
373:, Vol. 46, No. 107, 1968, pp. 481–492.
43:, travelled several times to Russia, and
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502:"Galton, Dorothy Constance (1901–1992)"
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467:Politiques et moralistes du XIXe siècle
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114:Politiques et moralistes du XIXe siècle
385:"The Anglo-Russian literary society",
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154:While at SSEES, Galton got to know
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376:"Norman Brooke Jopson 1890–1969",
206:In August 1942, British police of
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387:Slavonic and East European Review
379:Slavonic and East European Review
371:Slavonic and East European Review
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611:The strange case of D.S. Mirsky.
69:Frank Wallace (or Wallis) Galton
41:Communist Party of Great Britain
16:British university administrator
764:Dorothy, a secretary and a spy?
692:Catalogue of Galton Collection.
584:Smith, Gerald Stanton. (2000).
325:Galton was active in her local
870:Smith, Gerald Stanton. (1996)
779:"Dorothy Galton", Olga Crisp,
422:. D. Galton, Sheringham, 1982.
139:(SSEES), at that time part of
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644:Beekeeper was spy for Stalin.
554:National Archives, KV 2/3049.
882:. New series. Offprint, 29.)
751:Retrieved 22 February 2016.
537:Retrieved 22 February 2016.
704:Volodarsky, Boris. (2015).
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938:Educational administrators
783:, 12 October 1992, p. 17.
846:, 25 January 1972, p.15.
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304:Bee Research Association
73:Sidney and Beatrice Webb
30:Dorothy Constance Galton
753:(subscription required)
539:(subscription required)
511:(subscription required)
226:and Sir Bernard Pares.
953:British nature writers
948:People from Wood Green
880:Oxford Slavonic Papers
736:, 12 April 1952, p. 8.
525:, 12 April 1952, p. 8.
457:Faguet, Émile. (1928)
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200:Rockefeller Foundation
187:Moscow admits a critic
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128:
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973:English women farmers
900:at Wikimedia Commons
747:Probate Calendar 1953
563:Roberts, I.W. (1991)
359:Selected publications
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214:The MI6 double agent
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141:King's College London
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58:
24:
318:. Her finally work,
297:Retirement and death
34:Count Mihaly Karolyi
943:People from Hornsey
730:"Mr. F.W. Galton",
521:"Mr. F.W. Galton",
306:published her book
933:English communists
923:British beekeepers
831:Camden New Journal
825:2016-01-28 at the
806:"Dorothy Galton",
768:Camden New Journal
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176:
166:Political activity
129:
89:Slavonic languages
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39:Galton joined the
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958:Bounds Green Road
896:Media related to
717:978-0-19-965658-5
616:The New Criterion
597:978-0-19-816006-9
353:National Archives
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110:Émile Faguet
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95:Early career
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918:1992 deaths
913:1901 births
463:Ernest Benn
156:D.S. Mirsky
907:Categories
874:. Oxford:
474:References
461:. London:
415:0900149000
341:Sheringham
291:Olga Crisp
248:Hyman Levy
216:Kim Philby
104:report to
81:Wood Green
51:Early life
45:Kim Philby
844:The Times
808:The Times
781:The Times
733:The Times
523:The Times
394:Bee World
332:The Times
287:The Times
276:Character
162:in 1939.
823:Archived
364:Articles
234:Post-war
316:Eurasia
259:Parndon
255:Windsor
135:at the
65:Hornsey
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594:
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413:
347:Papers
265:, the
182:Sibier
427:Other
401:Books
160:gulag
712:ISBN
592:ISBN
569:ISBN
411:ISBN
147:and
878:. (
220:FBI
180:SS
112:'s
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469:)
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