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proven. In an attempt to prove that fingerprint evidence was not reliable, the defense asked the prosecution to collect a fingerprint that proved the defense lawyer had touched a specific piece of paper. This backfired when the prosecution was able to lift a very clear print from the paper, and was able to identify it as the lawyer's.
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Orrin wrote "there is a scientific basis for the system of finger-print identification and that the courts are justified in admitting this class of evidence." Carter concluded "no one of these circumstances, considered alone, would be conclusive of his guilt, but when all of the facts introduced as
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In
Chicago, Illinois, on September 19, 1910, Thomas Jennings entered the home of Clarence Hiller, with the intent of burgling the house. Hiller's wife Mary was woken by the noise and woke her husband. A struggle between Hiller and Jennings ensued, and Hiller was shot dead by Jennings. Jennings left
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About a mile from the site of the murder, police officers detained
Jennings, who was walking with a limp, had a torn, bloodstained coat and had a recently fired revolver. When questioned about his injuries, he claimed that he fell off a trolley. He was placed under arrest and brought to the police
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At
Jennings' murder trial, the prosecuting attorney showed the judge and jury the fingerprints left on the railing, which they claimed were Jennings' fingerprints. The defense tried to have the evidence thrown out, claiming that fingerprinting was a flawed system and had not been scientifically
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wrote an opinion stating there was no "case in which this question has been raised” and “we find no statutes or decisions touching the point in this country." He cited scientific findings in his opinion that proved that fingerprint evidence was reliable in a court of law and added that
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Police discovered the fingerprint while searching the house, and they photographed the prints and removed the railing, tagging both as evidence. Mary Hiller, Clarence Hiller's wife, failed to pick
Jennings out of a police lineup. Jennings was interrogated, and he did not confess.
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evidence are considered together, the jury were justified" in finding
Jennings guilty. The ruling stated, “this method of identification is in such general and common use that the courts cannot refuse to take judicial cognizance of it.” Jennings sentence was upheld and he was
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Fingerprint analysis in detective work was a fairly new field, but specialists were brought in who had experience with fingerprints. The four expert witnesses were two
Chicago police officers with experience in fingerprints, an inspector from the
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243:, which was the first law enforcement organization to use fingerprint analysis in detective work. All of the expert witnesses agreed that the fingerprints left on the railing were Jennings'.
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through the front door, and touched a freshly painted railing, leaving four fingerprints.
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Jennings was found unanimously guilty by the jury of murder and was sentenced to death.
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393:"The First Criminal Trial That Used Fingerprints as Evidence"
328:"Convicted by Fingerprint: A 1910 Murder Trial Makes History"
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had already decided that fingerprint evidence was valid.
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Murder which legitimized fingerprint evidence in US law
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361:Courts, State of Illinois Office of the Illinois.
196:evidence as legally valid in the United States.
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18:Draft:Murder of Clarence Hiller
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66:"Murder of Clarence Hiller"
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135:Murder of Clarence Hiller
279:on February 16, 1912.
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190:People v. Jennings,
260:People v. Jennings
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