2999:: "I was sent to the southern part of the country at one point to discuss things with our comrades there. The discussion was very heated and it was very difficult to iron things out. Then I happened to mention the name Ho Chi Minh. These people in the south asked me who Ho Chi Minh was. I told them that he was Nguyen Ai Quoc. They all stood up and clapped and said that as I was a representative sent by Ho Chi Minh then there was no need for any further discussion. This was because at that time there was a feud going on between the so called "Old Viet Minhs" and "New Viet Minhs". But when they heard from me that Ho Chi Minh was indeed Nguyen Ai Quoc, they were all overjoyed, saying that if Nguyen Ai Quoc had returned home to lead the movement then everything would be solved, that there should be unity and solidarity."
3150:"... to confuse the Japanese, possibly the French as well, concerning US intentions. Perhaps Roosevelt meant the plan seriously at first, and then changed it into a deceptive operation when he realized that it could not be carried out ... Indochina came to play a similar role in Roosevelt's war against Japan as Norway occupied in Churchill's war against Germany. For a long time, Churchill toyed with the idea of a Norwegian landing as a way of securing the transport route to Russia and bringing Sweden into the war. Then, when his generals and admirals adamantly refused to carry out the project, Norway instead became the focus of elaborate deception and diversion plans, aiming at inducing Hitler to keep as many troops as possible in an irrelevant theatre."
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883:: In Section References, there are citations mixed with references, with no Notes. Citing the same reference, but with different page numbers, led to many duplicated lines (with different page numbers), e.g., citations No.32-34, 36-37, 39-40, 43, etc. are all from the reference Chang (1995), to which there is no link. One has to scroll down to find the book by Chang (1995) in Section "Sources," Subsection "Work cited." There is thus no links to connect the citations to the book and vice versa. The present format in
1996:
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3064:"In August and September 1945, the white-bearded Ho Chi Minh emerged as the winner of the Indochina game. ... He expected an Allied invasion and prepared himself for assisting the invading forces. Instead he got a power vacuum and a sudden Japanese surrender. This provided him with an occasion more favorable for bloodless revolution than he could ever have imagined. He then proclaimed the republic that would later defeat both France and the United States."
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be a war between an elephant and a tiger. If the tiger ever stands still the elephant will crush him and pierce him with his mighty tusks. But the tiger of
Indochina is not going to stand still. We're going to hide in our jungles by day and steal out by night. And the tiger will jump on the back of the elephant and tear huge chunks out of his flesh and then jump back into the jungle. And after a while the mighty elephant will bleed to death.
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two years, that number would rise to nearly 80%." To be more precise, the "U.S. aid to the French military effort mounted from $ 130 million in 1950 to $ 800 million in 1953." The "United States became France's largest patron, ultimately funding 78 percent of the French war effort in
Indochina,"reported historian L.H.T. Nguyen based on the Vietnamese document "Tong ket cuoc khang chien chong thuc dan Phap," Hanoi: Chinh Tri Quoc Gia, 1996.
1318:
2866:), and that among them was a certain 'Nguyen Hai Quoc', who had crossed the border under the name of 'Ho Chi Minh'. Nguyen Hai Quoc, a man 'around sixty years old', was 'the probable leader' of the Viet Minh: 'Under Nguyen Hai Quoc's leadership, the new elements coming from Kwangsi have undertaken to reawaken the movement and bring back to their former activities the implacables who had taken refuge in the mountains.' "
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2733:"French teachings and models over Confucian ones. Some of these teachings were, to say the least, unhelpful to the colonial enterprise. Voltaire's condemnation of tyranny, Rousseau's embrace of popular sovereignty, and Victor Hugo's advocacy of liberty and defense of workers' uprisings turned some Vietnamese into that curious creature found also elsewhere in the empire: the Francophile anticolonialist."
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861:: In Section Rererences, there are "footnotes," which are actually "citations," whereas the actual references are in Section "Bibliography." Very confusing. There are just three and very thin Notes, with no quotations. The statements in the article are thus not easy to verify. The foreign-language sources are not easily accessible. In contrast, the article
1603:, the "French had been forced to drown several Vietnamese uprisings in blood. They had seen the colonial economy completely disrupted. They had been humiliated by the Germans in Europe and incarcerated by the Japanese in Indochina. Even to begin to reassert sovereignty in Indochina, the French were forced to go hat in hand to the Americans (see inset photo,
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3165:"Union de toutes les couches sociales, de toutes les organisations révolutionnaires, de toutes les minorités ethniques. Alliance avec tous les autres peuples opprimés de l'Indochine. Collaboration avec tous les élements antifascistes français. Un but: la destruction du colonialisme et de l'impérialisme fascistes."
1355:, was named after him to honor and commemorate his feats (of sabotaging bridges to slow down the colonial French-army advances) and heroism (being on the French most-wanted list, imprisoned, subjected to an "intensive and unpleasant interrogation" that left a mark on his forehead, and exiled) during the
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said , 'I have no army.' That's not true now . 'I have no army.' 1945. 'I have no finance. I have no diplomacy. I have no public instruction. I have just hatred and I will not disarm it until you give me confidence in you.' Now this is the thing on which I would insist because it's still alive
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The Note link-labels, such as in superscript, are unique identifiers for the corresponding Notes, with "N" standing for "Note", followed by a period and three or four characters summarizing the Note contents, e.g., "bda" for "Bao Dai abdication," which is the title (in italics) of the Note (jump-to)
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And he said: Oh we have a lot of things that can match the French weapons. Tanks are no good in swamps. And we have swamps in which the French tanks will sink. And we have another secret weapon, it's nationalism. And don't think that a small ragged band cannot fight against a modern army. It will
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published its first manifesto: "Unification of all social strata, of all revolutionary organizations, of all ethnic minorities. Alliance with all other oppressed peoples of
Indochina. Collaboration with all French anti-fascist groups. One goal: the destruction of colonialism and imperialist fascism."
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classmates based in
Vietnam, mostly high-level officers of the French army, and was subsequently exiled to France, where he founded with friends and managed the Vietnamese publishing house Minh Tan (in Paris), which published many important works for the Vietnamese literature. In parallel, he studied
2752:
Video time 0:11 to 0:32: "In 1952, General Dwight
Eisenhower was elected President, in part because he promised to take a tougher stance on communism. That year, American taxpayers were footing more than 30% of the bill for the French war in Vietnam (also called the "French-American" war). Within
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If the French intended to return to Viet Nam as imperialists to exploit, to maim and kill my people, could assure them and the world that Viet Nam from north to south would be reduced to ashes, even if it meant the life of every man, woman, and child, and that government's policy would be one of
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I beg you to understand that the only means of safeguarding French interests and the spiritual influence of France in
Indochina is to recognize the independence of Vietnam unreservedly and to renounce any idea of reestablishing French sovereignty or rule here in any form. . . . Even if you were to
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Devillers (1952) received incorrect information that Ho was in "Tsin Tsi" (Jingxi, Guangxi, China) as he wrote: "En mai 1941, il réussit à convoquer à Tsin Tsi dans le Kwang Si, à 100 km environ au Nord de Cao Bang, un 'Congrès' (In May 1941, he succeeded in calling for a plenum at Jingxi in the
1561:
counted on the French Empire, with
Indochina as the "Pearl of the Empire", rich in rubber, tin, coal, and rice, to provide resources to fight the Axis, with the support of the British Empire and the powerful industry of the United States. Understanding that Indochina was under the menace of
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President Ho, how can you possibly fight a war against the modern French army? You have nothing. You've just told me, what a poor country you are. You don't even have a bank, let alone an army, and guns, and modern weapons, the French planes, tanks, napalm. How can you fight the French?
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There can be as many sources as needed that can be cited in each Note, which in turn can include references (citations) to other Notes. Such referencing (or citation) is not possible using the template {{efn}} and {{sfn}}, since it is not possible to refer to another Note within a
3865:. Patti (1980), p.542, wrote about Devillers (1952): "The most accurate French account of the period; barring several omissions and minor inaccuracies generally attributable to his sources and to the lack of American documentation, it is by far one of the more reliable histories."
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on the
Indochina issue, and his government launched "an intensive propaganda effort to mold world opinion in favor of the status quo (French control) in Indochina", and this after having approved the Japanese occupation of Indochina since 1940 September 22. By the time General
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also possessed six brand-new US Colt .45 pistols in original wrappings that he requested and got from
Charles Fenn. This "seemingly insignificant quantity" of arms, together with "Chennault's autographed photograph" as evidence, convinced other factions of the primacy of the
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as prime minister. While Bich's candidature for the 1961 presidential election in opposition to Diem was, however, declared invalid by the Saigon authorities at the last moment for "technical reasons",, he was "regarded by many as a possible successor to
President
1332:(1911–1966) was a French-educated engineer, a Vietnamese resistance fighter against the French colonists, a French-educated medical doctor, an intellectual and politician, who proposed an alternative viewpoint to avoid the high-casualty, high-cost war between
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It has never been that cold. The temperature went down to four degrees Celcius at noon in Hanoi on 1945 Feb 13, Tết, new year day, Lunar year Ất-Dậu ("13-2-1945, Tết Nguyên Đán Ất-Dậu. Chưa bao giờ rét như thế này. Tại Hà Nội, buổi trưa, hàn thử biểu xuống tới 4
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are writing on the basis of personal experience. Dr. Bich presents an independent view of the whole Vietnamese situation." This China Quarterly issue contained the articles written by several well-known intellectuals on Vietnam history and politics such as
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The permanent undersecretary at the British Foreign Office knew only that de Gaulle had a 'head like a pineapple and hips like a woman's', whereas the counselor at the US embassy in Paris and most of de Gaulle compatriots never heard of him. By Aug 1946,
1864:, China) returned to the China-Vietnam border and began a "training program for cadres". Then on 1941 February 8, Ho crossed the border to enter Vietnam for the first time after 30 years away (from 1911 to 1941), and sheltered in cave Cốc Bó near the
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reestablish the French administration here, it would not be obeyed, and each village would be a nest of resistance. . . . We would be able to understand each other so easily and become friends if you would stop hoping to become our masters again.
847:: I used these articles as biography models, while including extensive and precise Notes with quotations from on authoritative history books. I identify the following problems that are solved in the format that I created for the present article
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always suspected that this was how he had been discovered," whereas the assertion that he "was betrayed by his Communist colleagues to the French" was written in the short biography that accompanied Bich's 1962 article, as written in
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first visited Boston and New York City until about 1948-1949, Ho held out his hope that the US would provide military support for his anticolonialist resistance against the French. Since that visit to the US in his early twenties,
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Ho was convinced that with the Japanese occupation of Indochina and "with international events moving fast and Decoux's government isolated from metropolitan France, the potential for revolution in Vietnam was much
1454:'s activities. Care is exercised in selecting references and quotations that complement, but not duplicate, other Knowledge articles at the time of this writing. For example, the history and the general use of
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had lived for ten years working for the French colonialists (from 1935 to 1945), and the historical conditions that drove this French-educated engineer to become a "Francophile anticolonialist" and to join the
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is more compact, avoiding repetitions (with the cited page numbers next to the cited reference as superscripts in the text), and with forward and backward links between the citations, notes, and references.
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harbored the dream of wresting this colony back into the fold of the French Empire, writing in his memoirs "As I saw her move away into the mist, I swore to myself that I would one day bring her back."
918:---which has extensive references, but few quotations from the referred sources, and thus left much to be desired (such as it is hard to access certain foreigh-language sources to verify)---the article
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tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the
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tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the
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1425:'s adult life, together with those mentioned in his 1962 paper (e.g., failed agrarian reform, napalm bombs, famine, conquest for rice, etc.) are summarized, in particular the atmosphere in which
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Additional historical facts with extensive references: Extended the article to add many historical facts surrounding Nguyen Ngoc Bich, together with extensive references and notes. See Point 2 "
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1960:---were deceived by US war plan, and expected a US invasion of Indochina. Such expectation was the main reason that, in 1945 February-March, during an "unusually cold month of February,"
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A balanced, deeply researched history of how, as French colonial rule faltered, a succession of American leaders moved step by step down a road toward full-blown war" • Winner of the
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Historic photos: Added relevant historic photos to pique the interest of readers. "A picture is worth a thousand words." An article without pictures is boring. See Point 6 "
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offensive" to obtain intelligence in Indochina---and after submitting the "Outline of the Plan for the Activities of Entering Vietnam". All three protagonists---the French
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fought the French colonists until he was captured. The activities directly or indirectly affected Bich's life by four historic individuals are summarized. French General
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Seizing on the opportunity of the Japanese entering Tonkin in 1940 September to begin occupy Indochina (with French agreement) to rid Vietnam of French colonial yoke,
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That Ho gave the new pistols to his rivals, but not to his own people, testified to his political acumen in rallying his rivals to accept him as the top leader.
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When using the template {{efn}} in image caption, there is an error, as documented in Section "Error when using {{Efn}} in figure captions and galleries" in
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961:: The most important historical facts that yielded notability are presented first, followed by facts with decreasing importance and/or notability. See also
1370:(civil engineering) in France in 1935, Dr. Bich returned to Vietnam to work for the French colonial government. After World War II, in 1945, he joined the
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3553:.) Much of the information in the present article came from this biography, which also contains many relevant and informative photos not displayed here.
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on 1946 Sep 11, the same day that a telegram was dispatched from the High Commissioner d'Argenlieu to the French Indochina Committee on the arrest of
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I have no army, no diplomacy, no finances, no industry, no public works. All I have is hatred, and I will not disarm it until I feel I can trust you .
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A French report at that time stated: "more than 200 political refugees had passed from China to Tonkin, most of them armed with pistols and daggers (
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1922:). Ho was detained for thirteen months, starting at the Tienpao prison, moving through eighteen different prisons, and ending up at Liuchow (now
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The US was the only country among the Allies (British and Chinese) that could invade Indochina; see Chap. 4, Colliding Plans, in Tønnesson (1991).
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1906:(named "Nguyen Ai Quoc" at that time) crossed the border into China with the intention of attracting the interest of the Allies in Chungking (now
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medicine and became a medical doctor. He was highly regarded in Vietnamese politics, and was suggested by the French in 1954 as an alternative to
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is now called the "French-American" War in Vietnamese literature, and through his support for the French war effort supplied napalm bombs, which
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mixed referencing format. stick to one, either footnotes or inline citations. for biographies, it is highly encouraged to use inline citations.
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Tønnesson, Stein (2007), "Franklin Roosevelt, Trusteeship and Indochina: A reassessment", in Lawrence, Mark A.; Logevall, Fredrik (eds.),
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A photo showing the injury mark on the forefront of Dr. Bich as a result of this "intensive and unpleasant interrogation" can be found in
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on 1945 March 9 to neutralize the French forces and to remove the French colonial administration in Indochina (and thus the status of
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Tran-Thi-Lien (2002), "Henriette Bui: The narrative of Vietnam's first woman doctor", in Gisele Bousquet and Pierre Brocheux (ed.),
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contains a large number of format variants, in particular biographical formats. There is a difference between a "standard" and the
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as "tangible evidence to convince skeptical Vietnamese nationalists that he had American support". As additional evidence,
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For a distinguished and appropriately documented book on the history of the United States, Ten thousand dollars ($ 10,000).
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side against the French colonialists. On 1945 Aug 20, just ten days before he abdicated on 1945 Aug 30, Vietnam Emperor
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ardent anticolonialism could have prevented the two Indochina wars, and changed the course of history. US President
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from experienced editors. These venues are only for help with editing and the submission process, not to get reviews.
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from experienced editors. These venues are only for help with editing and the submission process, not to get reviews.
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using likely the same road (among several others) undertaken by the invading Mongols in the thirteen century.
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Fearing a US invasion with the French colonialists helping, the Japanese initiated operation Bright Moon (
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Hai Mươi Năm Qua: Việc Từng Ngày, (1945-1964) [The Last Twenty Years: Daily Events (1945-1964)]
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came to the US in 1945 Aug (inset photo) to campaign for US military aid from then US President
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Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966) was a hero of the Vietnamese resistance against the French colonists
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Lt. Charles Fenn helped "make Ho Chi Minh the undisputed leader of the Viet Minh in 1945".
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The Vietnamese Revolution of 1945: Roosevelt, Ho Chi Minh and de Gaulle in a world at war
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to find examples of Knowledge's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article.
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to find examples of Knowledge's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article.
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had resigned from the presidency of the French Provisional Government on 1946 Jan 20.
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hamlet, in the Cao Bằng province, less than a mile from the Chinese border. There
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Le Temps des Ancêtres: Une famille vietnamienne dans sa traversée du XXe siècle
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1865:
1096:, and still talks about "standards," they were utterly hypocritical and unfair.
710:
650:
478:, or if the review is taking a lot of time, you can try asking for help on the
96:, or if the review is taking a lot of time, you can try asking for help on the
4292:
3859:
Philippe Devillers (1920–2016), un secret nommé Viêt-Nam, Mémoires d'Indochine
2911:, who told him that "I hope we shall soon meet again in Hanoi". See also the
2837:
2618:
Philippe Devillers (1920–2016), un secret nommé Viêt-Nam, Mémoires d'Indochine
2115:, which had strong support of "the Allies with arms, equipment and training".
1523:
1363:
1322:
1310:
1077:(very poor since 2007), etc. to cite a few. See a HUGE number of all stubs in
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This page will be placed in the following categories if it is moved to the
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Viêt Nam Exposé: French Scholarship on Twentieth-Century Vietnamese Society
924:, also had extensive quotations, mixed with the references, in its Section
829:
Below are the features of this revised version based on these suggestions:
3895:
2153:
changed the political situation, and provided a favorable setting for the
397:
than an encyclopedia article. Submissions should summarise information in
4122:
2478:
had actually betrayed him to French agents is not known for certain, but
1795:
1781:
1742:
3613:
Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam
2035:, who signed across the bottom "Yours sincerely, Claire L. Chennault".
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2313:
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To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant
179:
To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant
3412:
2841:
1948:, in Vietnamese) ---who was under "severe pressure from the Japanese
1527:
1463:
1455:
1047:
has much more extensive content than a VERY large number of existing
645:
This draft has been resubmitted and is currently awaiting re-review.
23:
3951:
The OSS and Ho Chi Minh: Unexpected Allies in the War against Japan
3828:, translated by Claire Duiker, Cambridge University Press, New York
2374:
having the anchor name being "Bao Dai abdication jump", without an
2252:
French involvement in Vietnam & Dien Bien Phu - 1962, time 3:10
1691:
Just a few days later on 1945 Aug 26 (or very shortly thereafter),
1610:
3636:
2013 Francis Parkman Prize from the Society of American Historians
3305:
2806:
was a communist or a nationalist. The answer is that he was both."
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1980:(Office of War Information) officers to exchange intelligence.
2946:
A list of important books published by Minh Tan can be found in
2696:
Guangxi province, about 100 km north of the Cao Bang province)."
1085:. Would you move all these stub articles back to "DRAFT" status?
701:
669:
3440:(search for "Bui Quang Chieu Ngoc Bich"), accessed 20 May 2023.
3309:
2613:
2604:
2301:
1832:
giving a farewell party to the US Army intelligence DEER team (
1337:
1333:
3569:
WE NEVER KNEW: Napalm use during Vietnam's French-American War
2173:
headquarters in the Liberated Area. There, on 1945 August 16,
2048:
1587:
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18:
1377:
Suspecting of being betrayed by the Communist faction of the
3339:
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22:
3057:
2630:
A Bowl of Rice Divided: The Economy of North Vietnam, 1962
1662:
4165:
The First Vietnam War: Colonial Conflict and the Cold War
3984:, Harvard University Press, Massachusetts, pp. 56–73
3982:
The First Vietnam War: Colonial Conflict and the Cold War
3579:
1099:
Format: There is NO standard format mentioned in Section
3942:
3940:
3796:
3794:
2768:
From 1945 Aug 26 to 1980, when Patti published his book.
1964:
once again crossed back into China, and walked from the
1941:
1895:
3908:. Link to this book at the Norwegian National Library.
3312:, Phillipe Devillers (see, e.g., his classic 1952 book
3087:
See primary sources, extensive notes and quotations in
2726:
2722:
2436:
In the foreword by Devillers for Tønnesson's 2010 book
2304:, Phillipe Devillers (see, e.g., his classic 1952 book
1658:
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4299:, where anonymous users cannot register and thus edit.
3780:, University of California Press, Berkeley, California
3112:
was likely among the first to explain the meaning of "
3080:
3076:
3072:
2888:
a role in a forthcoming invasion". At the same time,
48:, then this page will be moved into the article space.
4220:
Marco Polo's Caugigu - Phạm Ngũ Lão's Đại Việt - 1285
4139:
DeConde, A.; Burns, R.D.; Logevall, F., eds. (2002),
4086:, Former Presidents of the Republic, 15 November 2018
3998:Đêm trắng của Đức Giáo Tông (Sleepless Night of the
2572:See the quotation from a French doctoral thesis in
2023:
Lt. Charles Fenn to arrange for a meeting with Gen.
1703:, who still remembered vividly after some 35 years:
1081:. The application of the "standards" has thus been
4163:Lawrence, Mark A.; Logevall, Fredrik, eds. (2007),
3116:" in his 1837 scientific article; see quotation in
3011:
2350:
How to create the Note jump-to and jump-back links:
1557:in French history, the mostly then unknown General
1289:
1281:
1273:
1265:
1244:
1225:
1215:
1207:
1189:
1171:
1148:
4250:
4019:"America Inside Out, Close to Events, book review"
4017:
3948:
3919:
3821:
3773:
3744:
3610:
3561:
3559:
3488:
3459:
3417:, University of Michigan Press, pp. 278–309,
3356:
3331:J'ai vécu dans l'Enfer Communiste au Nord Viet-Nam
3277:
3251:
3128:
3007:
2795:
2688:
2486:
2458:
2323:J'ai vécu dans l'Enfer Communiste au Nord Viet-Nam
2269:
1068:Edmund_F._Robertson, version 07:48, 2 January 2024
974:style (removed praising adjectives). See Point 4 "
3975:
3973:
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3881:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3767:
3765:
871:(see also "Verifiability and readability" below).
692:. For instructions on how to do this, please see
3955:, University Press of Arkansas, Lawrence, Kansas
3604:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3588:
2378:(or link text, or link label) inside. The code
2222:Schoenbrun interviewed Ho Chi Minh, 1946 Sep 11
2218:
1756:
1706:
1695:put the resistance in much stronger terms to US
1636:
1586:"Within two weeks" of the death of US President
380:Submission declined on 28 March 2023 by
4277:Vietnam: State, War, and Revolution (1945-1946)
3450:
3448:
3446:
2923:
2565:
1872:convened a plenum in 1941 May, and founded the
1498:fought. Ho Chi Minh, founder and leader of the
1470:, well-known battles are also not summarized.
941:Avoiding problem with {{efn}} in image caption:
667:Submission declined on 3 March 2023 by
4125:. Teaching video excerpt from the documentary
3709:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3701:
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3689:
3687:
3685:
3683:
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3679:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3517:
2892:carried out a similar mission in Kwangsi (now
2776:
1972:to meet (and to "make friends with") American
1956:colonialists, the Japanese occupiers, and the
904:Chas Freeman, version 16:45, 15 September 2024
3677:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3642:• Winner of the Council on Foreign Relations
3350:
3348:
3158:
3102:
3030:
1062:Matt_Keeling, version 21:02, 15 November 2023
8:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4145:, vol. 3, Charles Scribner's & Sons
4057:, Xuân Thu (1986?), Los Alamitos, California
3738:
3736:
3720:, Berkeley: University of California Press,
3717:Why Viet Nam? Prelude to America's Albatross
3482:
3480:
3173:
2855:
2648:
2398:
2387:
2361:
2354:
2157:takeover of the government. In 1945 April,
1129:) 13:02, 29 September 2024 (UTC) ◉ Started
502:– a basic overview on how to edit Knowledge.
120:– a basic overview on how to edit Knowledge.
4279:, University of California Press, Berkeley.
4004:, People's Police Publishing House, Vietnam
3651:2013 Cundill Prize in Historical Literature
2829:
1102:Style and format, version 23:54, 3 May 2024
1056:Nguyễn_Văn_Tố, version 20:54, 22 April 2024
895:Roger Y. Tsien, version 22:52, 22 June 2024
808:Need_suggestions_for_Draft:Nguyen_Ngoc_Bich
3751:, University of California Press, Berkeley
3381:
3379:
3377:
3223:in his memory, as in mine. For every time
3200:
3196:
2913:PBS interview with Hoang Quoc Viet in 1981
2632:), Gerard Tongas, among others. See the
2556:Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966): A Biography.
1817:declaring Vietnam independence 1945 Sep 2.
1421:Important historical events that affected
1416:Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966): A Biography,
1156:
1145:
1074:Carl_Naibo, version 04:33, 26 January 2024
4380:AfC submissions by date/29 September 2024
4375:AfC pending submissions by age/2 days ago
4167:, Harvard University Press, Massachusetts
3640:2013 American Library in Paris Book Award
3533:Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966): A Biography
3300:, pp. 105–111. See also the contents of
3207:In his interview in the 1968 documentary
3089:Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966): A Biography
2948:Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966): A Biography
2814:
2783:As cited in Logevall (2012), Note 22, p.
2741:
2584:
2574:Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966): A Biography
2537:Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911–1966): A Biography
2448:
2292:, pp. 105–111. See also the contents of
2003:on 1945 Jul 23, four months after he met
1321:Nguyen Ngoc Bich, circa 1933, student at
3922:Ho Chi Minh: A Biographical Introduction
3747:Vietnamese Tradition on Trial, 1920-1945
3401:. Preface by historian Pierre Brocheux.
3236:Buttinger 1967a, Marr 1984, Marr 2013,
2985:
2958:
2704:
2417:then appointed "Mr. Nguyen Vinh Thuy" (
2095:'s trusted friend", on 1945 Aug 22 used
880:Qian Xuesen, version 10:40, 17 July 2024
4142:Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy
4129:, a film by Ken Burns and Lynn Novick.
3239:
2429:
1876:, an anticolonialist organization that
1741:The Southeast Asia and Buddhism expert
4030:
3530:Nguyen-Ngoc-Chau; Vu-Quoc-Loc (2023),
3180:It takes about two weeks to walk from
3039:brief introduction of the contributors
2638:brief introduction of the contributors
2528:
1368:École nationale des ponts et chaussées
1237:École nationale des ponts et chaussées
730:The submission currently reads like a
557:Improving your odds of a speedy review
405:. Please write about the topic from a
360: Last edited 39 hours ago by
175:Improving your odds of a speedy review
56:, then the reason will be posted here.
4390:AfC submissions by date/01 March 2023
4385:AfC submissions by date/15 March 2023
3143:
2547:
2099:'s ruse of "American backing for the
1115:Official rule or personal preference?
921:Nakba, version at 21:11, 24 July 2024
864:Nakba, version at 21:11, 24 July 2024
682:minimum standard for inline citations
7:
3363:, Dood, Mead & Company, New York
3359:The Lost Crusade: America in Vietnam
2874:
2761:
2668:
2664:
2514:
2465:, Dood, Mead & Company, New York
2461:The Lost Crusade: America in Vietnam
2360:The target of the jump-back link (↑
2345:
1590:on 1945 Apr 12, de Gaulle pressured
1442:'s call for a general uprising from
4365:AfC submissions on deceased persons
3853:Histoire du Viêt-Nam de 1940 à 1952
1918:) and the Allies at Chungking (now
1107:HUGE cache of sub-standard articles
1094:HUGE cache of sub-standard articles
1090:HUGE cache of sub-standard articles
952:Style, version 22:14, 22 March 2023
500:Knowledge:Contributing to Knowledge
393:This submission reads more like an
118:Knowledge:Contributing to Knowledge
4253:Vietnam: A Dragon Embattled, Vol.1
3322:French French Cochinchina, Ref. 40
3279:"Vietnam—An Independent Viewpoint"
3254:Vietnam: A Dragon Embattled, Vol.2
3062:Power vacuum to August Revolution:
2939:
2314:French French Cochinchina, Ref. 40
2271:"Vietnam—An Independent Viewpoint"
1992:on the evening of 1945 March 9.
1802:has trusted us, we betrayed him."
1309:Nguyen Ngoc Bich 1931, student at
859:Lenin, version 02:34, 25 July 2024
532:– make sure your article includes
336: Submitted 2 days ago by
150:– make sure your article includes
32:Review waiting, please be patient.
14:
3227:has trusted us, we betrayed him."
2068:'s American-backing ruse worked.
1840:For thirty years, from 1912 when
1633:sent a moving plea to de Gaulle:
1526:, and "nearly 80%" in 1954 under
906:(No Notes, extensive quotations).
816:Knowledge:Writing better articles
779:Comments to readers and reviewers
524:Knowledge:Writing better articles
142:Knowledge:Writing better articles
4360:Draft articles on Southeast Asia
4257:, Frederik A. Praegers, New York
3947:Bartholomew-Feis, Dixee (2006),
3466:, Simon & Schuster, New York
3258:, Frederik A. Praegers, New York
2382:creates the jump-back link (see
1710:Ho Chi Minh to Archimedes Patti
1295:
757:
722:
455:editing or submitting your draft
73:editing or submitting your draft
4097:Internet archived on 2023.03.28
4080:"Charles de Gaulle (1959-1969)"
3776:Vietnam 1946: How the War Began
3487:Honey, P.J., ed. (March 1962),
3462:Our Vietnam: The war, 1954–1975
3317:
3276:Nguyen-Ngoc-Bich (March 1962),
2485:Honey, P.J., ed. (March 1962),
2309:
2268:Nguyen-Ngoc-Bich (March 1962),
2161:walked a perilous journey from
1478:The broader historic events of
1402:as Head of State, who selected
1065:(egregiously poor since 2020),
1034:Knowledge:Good article criteria
1003:Knowledge:Good article criteria
982:Knowledge:Good article criteria
424:If you need extra help, please
3628:2013 Pulitzer Prize in History
2840:transliteration is Tianbao in
912:Verifiability and readability:
512:Help:Referencing for beginners
130:Help:Referencing for beginners
1:
4037:: CS1 maint: date and year (
4016:Giniger, Henry (1984-10-14),
2800:Ho, communist or nationalist?
2731:Francophile anticolonialists:
2474:, p.123, wrote: "Whether the
2184:Even though being a son of a
785:Notes on this revised version
526:– how to improve your article
520:– how to develop your article
518:Knowledge:Article development
144:– how to improve your article
138:– how to develop your article
136:Knowledge:Article development
4123:PBS Learning Media, Illinois
4065:(read only, cannot search).
3863:Internet archived 2022.06.29
3851:Devillers, Philippe (1952),
3392:, L'Harmattan, Paris, France
3328:, Gerard Tongas (see, e.g,
3085:Primary sources, quotations:
2928:Ho's insight for revolution:
2622:Internet archived 2022.06.29
2320:, Gérard Tongas (see, e.g,
1942:Gen. Zhang Fakui (in German)
1896:Gen. Zhang Fakui (in German)
1562:occupation by the Japanese,
1111:reviewer personal preference
752:) 17:35, 28 March 2023 (UTC)
465:at the AfC Help Desk or get
432:at the AfC Help Desk or get
401:and not contain opinions or
83:at the AfC Help Desk or get
4111:US Involvement in Indochina
4069:(search only, cannot read).
3900:, SAGE Publications, London
3355:Cooper, Chester L. (1970),
2997:1981 interview with the PBS
2457:Cooper, Chester L. (1970),
2455:On the betrayal suspicion,
1582:, White House, 1945 Aug 12.
1137:) 13:37, 20 May 2023 (UTC)
806:) made some suggestions at
773:) 13:41, 3 March 2023 (UTC)
545:Knowledge:Featured articles
514:– how to include references
399:secondary, reliable sources
163:Knowledge:Featured articles
132:– how to include references
4406:
4067:HathiTrust Digital Library
3714:Patti, Archimedes (1980),
3609:Logevall, Fredrik (2012),
3490:"Special Issue on Vietnam"
2628:, William Kaye (see e.g.,
2616:, Phillipe Devillers (See
2488:"Special Issue on Vietnam"
2405:Under the pressure of the
2221:
2039:displayed the portrait of
1759:
1719:scorched earth to the end.
1709:
1639:
1607:), British, and Chinese."
1036:, which is referred to in
1005:, which is referred to in
984:, which is referred to in
964:Information style and tone
929:
3894:Tønnesson, Stein (1991),
3820:Brocheux, Pierre (2007),
3772:Tønnesson, Stein (2010),
3386:Nguyen-Ngoc-Chau (2018),
3334:, Debresse, Paris, 1961,
3133:US invasion of Indochina:
3093:Notes on Vietnam History.
3016:Notes on Vietnam history:
2846:Notes on Vietnam History.
2750:US Involvement in Vietnam
2693:Devillers incorrect info:
2372:<span></span>
2326:, Debresse, Paris, 1961,
1588:Franklin Delano Roosevelt
1508:Franklin Delano Roosevelt
1506:responded. US President
1398:under the former Emperor
1362:Upon graduating from the
1294:
1155:
694:Referencing for beginners
438:from experienced editors.
4191:Notes on Vietnam History
3824:Ho Chi Minh: A Biography
3626:, 864 pp. Winner of the
3617:, Random House, New York
3216:Youtube video time 13:56
3118:Notes on Vietnam History
3037:A direct quote from the
3020:Notes on Vietnam history
2196:in 1945, instead of the
2031:requested a portrait of
1760:Ho Chi Minh to Paul Mus
1749:in 1945, recounted that
1605:de Gaulle visited Truman
1277:Resistance war, politics
1083:highly uneven and unfair
1071:(very poor since 2008),
1059:(very poor since 2013),
638:39 hours ago. Reviewer:
4370:Pending AfC submissions
4332:Vietnamese nationalists
4275:Marr, David G. (2013),
3743:Marr, David G. (1984),
3218:, Paul Mus recounted: "
2975:battle of Dien Bien Phu
2844:. See the analysis in
1988:mentioned the Japanese
1345:Nguyen-Ngoc-Bich street
1038:Knowledge:Good articles
1007:Knowledge:Good articles
986:Knowledge:Good articles
549:Knowledge:Good articles
530:Knowledge:Verifiability
508:– how to use the markup
167:Knowledge:Good articles
148:Knowledge:Verifiability
126:– how to use the markup
4342:Vietnamese politicians
3926:, Studio Vista, London
3918:Fenn, Charles (1973),
3647:Arthur Ross Book Award
3458:, Arthur John (2000),
3210:In the Year of the Pig
2906:
2570:Bich joined Viet Minh:
2259:
2134:
2043:, along with those of
2008:
1899:
1837:
1818:
1798:added "For every time
1793:
1739:
1688:
1670:
1618:
1583:
1546:
1514:was a reason that the
1326:
1314:
1113:. See also Section
1045:Draft:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
885:Draft:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
869:Draft:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
849:Draft:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
810:, in particular, read
791:InterstellarGamer12321
737:InterstellarGamer12321
714:
654:
628:InterstellarGamer12321
584:Add tags to your draft
493:How to improve a draft
476:feedback on your draft
383:InterstellarGamer12321
202:Add tags to your draft
111:How to improve a draft
94:feedback on your draft
27:
4337:Vietnamese physicians
4217:Vu-Quoc-Loc (2023b),
4188:Vu Quoc Loc (2023a),
2834:Ho in Tienpao prison:
2781:Ho admires Americans:
2217:
2121:
1998:
1894:
1824:
1813:
1755:
1705:
1675:
1640:Bao Dai to de Gaulle
1635:
1613:
1573:
1541:
1320:
1308:
713:
653:
407:neutral point of view
52:If the submission is
44:If the submission is
26:
4327:Vietnamese engineers
3566:Lady Borton (2020),
3314:Histoire du Viet-Nam
3163:Viet Minh manifesto:
3107:Taberd Cochin China:
3035:Political influence:
2306:Histoire du Viet-Nam
2075:(the south), where
2051:, in his lodging at
1883:On 1941 Oct 25, the
1549:At the beginning of
999:no original research
543:You can also browse
484:relevant WikiProject
161:You can also browse
102:relevant WikiProject
3996:Tram-Huong (2003),
3649:• Finalist for the
3496:The China Quarterly
3285:The China Quarterly
3178:Walking to Kunming:
3043:The China Quarterly
2944:Minh Tan book list:
2896:) with the Chinese
2860:Ho in Vietnam 1944:
2653:Cold February 1945:
2597:The China Quarterly
2517:The China Quarterly
2494:The China Quarterly
2453:Betrayal suspicion:
2403:Bao Dai abdication:
2277:The China Quarterly
1578:and French General
1516:First Indochina War
1484:First Indochina War
1474:First Indochina War
1468:First Indochina War
1383:École polytechnique
1364:École polytechnique
1357:First Indochina War
1323:École polytechnique
1311:École polytechnique
1232:École polytechnique
1164:École polytechnique
945:c:User talk:Egm4313
914:Unlike the article
705: 18 months ago.
688:your sources using
631: 18 months ago.
537:third-party sources
411:encyclopedic manner
324: (Search:
155:third-party sources
4249:, Joseph (1967a),
4223:, Internet Archive
4194:, Internet Archive
4053:Đoàn-Thêm (1965),
4025:The New York Times
3536:, Internet Archive
3423:10.3998/mpub.12124
3250:, Joseph (1967b),
3018:See quotations in
2967:battle of Vinh Yen
2908:Gen. Chang Fa-kwei
2135:
2087:in Vietnamese), a
2079:lived and worked,
2009:
1900:
1838:
1819:
1689:
1619:
1584:
1555:L'Appel du 18 Juin
1547:
1327:
1315:
1253:Resistance fighter
1016:, if possible, by
901:Other biographies:
715:
655:
37:waiting for review
28:
4306:article namespace
3110:Jean-Louis Taberd
2995:recounted in his
2258:
2257:
2246:--- CBS reporter
2215:on 1946 Aug 25.:
2179:August Revolution
1984:'s report to the
1792:
1791:
1738:
1737:
1669:
1668:
1543:Charles de Gaulle
1534:Charles de Gaulle
1448:August Revolution
1303:
1302:
1266:Years active
834:Biography models:
719:
718:
706:
699: Declined by
659:
658:
643:
632:
625: Declined by
461:ask us a question
453:If you need help
448:Where to get help
428:ask us a question
403:original research
372:
371:
79:ask us a question
71:If you need help
66:Where to get help
4397:
4293:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
4281:
4280:
4272:
4266:
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4262:
4256:
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3808:, 16 August 1969
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3769:
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3638:• Winner of the
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3572:, archived from
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3343:
3342:), among others.
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3298:
3296:
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3273:
3267:
3266:
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3263:
3257:
3244:
3205:Year of the Pig:
2971:battle of Na San
2901:
2819:Ho gave pistols:
2746:French-war cost:
2589:China Quarterly:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2490:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2464:
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2373:
2334:), among others.
2291:
2290:
2288:
2273:
2250:, Youtube video
2248:David Schoenbrun
2240:
2235:
2229:
2219:
2205:David Schoenbrun
2141:), leading to a
2025:Claire Chennault
2001:Claire Chennault
1946:Trương Phát Khuê
1902:In 1942 August,
1880:joined in 1945.
1771:
1767:
1757:
1745:, who first met
1733:Archimedes Patti
1722:
1717:
1707:
1701:Archimedes Patti
1681:Archimedes Patti
1652:
1647:
1637:
1488:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
1396:State of Vietnam
1330:Nguyễn Ngọc Bích
1299:
1285:Doctor (medical)
1162:As a student at
1160:
1150:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
1146:
1117:on Wiki Commons.
1105:. In fact, the
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1079:w:Category:Stubs
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594:Editor resources
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575:Women scientists
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431:
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268:Nguyen Ngoc Bich
212:Editor resources
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193:Women scientists
82:
33:
19:
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4157:
4148:
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4138:
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4127:The Vietnam War
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4103:
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3644:2013 Gold Medal
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3354:
3353:
3346:
3306:Bernard B. Fall
3294:
3292:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3261:
3259:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3234:
2993:Hoang Quoc Viet
2990:Nguyen Ai Quoc:
2965:See, e.g., the
2963:Napalm battles:
2897:
2890:Hoang Quoc Viet
2836:Tienpao in the
2709:Fenn helped Ho:
2610:Bernard B. Fall
2533:Bich biography:
2503:
2501:
2484:
2468:
2466:
2456:
2392:
2379:
2371:
2341:
2298:Bernard B. Fall
2286:
2284:
2267:
2264:
2238:
2233:
2227:
2007:on 1945 Mar 29.
1916:Chiang Kai-shek
1808:
1780:, according to
1769:
1765:
1720:
1715:
1665:on 1945 Aug 20
1650:
1645:
1536:
1476:
1347:in the city of
1226:Alma mater
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634:Last edited by
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260:What links here
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2434:Bao Dai quote:
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2386:) with label "
2370:with the code
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1830:Vo Nguyen Giap
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1788:1969 obituary
1786:New York Times
1773:
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3576:on 2022-09-07
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2207:interviewed
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2091:leader and "
2073:Cochin China
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1480:World War II
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636:Citation bot
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92:If you need
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4322:1966 deaths
4317:1911 births
4297:Citizendium
3551:Backup copy
3438:Google Book
3340:P. J. Honey
3326:P. J. Honey
3316:in Section
3225:Ho Chi Minh
3220:Ho Chi Minh
2879:Ho met OSS:
2804:Ho Chi Minh
2766:HCM quote1:
2626:P. J. Honey
2513:. See the
2415:Ho Chi Minh
2376:Anchor_text
2332:P. J. Honey
2318:P. J. Honey
2308:in Section
2209:Ho Chi Minh
2192:joined the
2127:Ho Chi Minh
2093:Ho Chi Minh
2005:Ho Chi Minh
1938:Ho Chi Minh
1932:Ho Chi Minh
1928:Ho Chi Minh
1842:Ho Chi Minh
1826:Ho Chi Minh
1815:Ho Chi Minh
1806:Ho Chi Minh
1800:Ho Chi Minh
1778:Ho Chi Minh
1753:said then:
1751:Ho Chi Minh
1747:Ho Chi Minh
1729:Ho Chi Minh
1693:Ho Chi Minh
1687:, 1945 May.
1446:, the 1945
1440:Ho Chi Minh
1269:1935 - 1966
1245:Occupations
1216:Citizenship
1208:Nationality
1175:18 May 1911
1131:Egm4313.s12
1123:Egm4313.s12
1014:Illustrated
841:Qian_Xuesen
767:– robertsky
563:WikiProject
338:Egm4313.s12
181:WikiProject
4354:Categories
4311:Categories
4149:2024-05-11
4117:2023-12-09
3959:2024-05-23
3930:2023-12-27
3904:2024-05-05
3832:2024-05-20
3784:2024-05-05
3755:2024-05-05
3582:, May 5.
3318:References
3232:References
2931:enhanced."
2838:Wade-Giles
2673:De Gaulle:
2310:References
2019:requested
1999:Maj. Gen.
1968:hamlet to
1524:Eisenhower
1259:Politician
1211:Vietnamese
1193:4 Dec 1966
1053:, such as
994:Verifiable
926:References
600:Easy tools
218:Easy tools
4247:Buttinger
3857:See also
3248:Buttinger
2899:‹See Tfd›
2886:Viet Minh
2864:poiguards
2678:de Gaulle
2634:Editorial
2593:Editorial
2476:Viet Minh
2407:Viet Minh
2384:Help:Link
2194:Viet Minh
2171:Viet Minh
2155:Viet Minh
2113:Viet Minh
2101:Viet Minh
2089:Viet Minh
2062:Viet Minh
2041:Chennault
2033:Chennault
1958:Viet Minh
1920:Chongqing
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1874:Viet Minh
1663:de Gaulle
1627:Viet Minh
1597:de Gaulle
1580:de Gaulle
1564:de Gaulle
1559:de Gaulle
1500:Viet Minh
1492:de Gaulle
1438:in 1945,
1432:Viet Minh
1379:Viet-Minh
1372:Viet-Minh
1290:Signature
702:Robertsky
690:footnotes
684:. Please
670:Robertsky
615:Advanced:
571:Astronomy
567:Biography
480:talk page
468:live help
457:, please
435:live help
330:Knowledge
233:Advanced:
189:Astronomy
185:Biography
98:talk page
86:live help
75:, please
4033:citation
3456:Langguth
3336:reviewed
3302:Volume 9
3047:Volume 9
2636:and the
2601:Volume 9
2515:Note on
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2328:reviewed
2294:Volume 9
2167:Tân Trào
2053:Tân Trào
1898:in 1946.
1849:---like
1836:), 1945.
1796:Paul Mus
1782:Paul Mus
1743:Paul Mus
1614:Emperor
1482:and the
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1250:Engineer
1121:Updated
1020:such as
891:Problems
875:Problems
855:Problems
812:WP:ESSAY
803:contribs
763:Comment:
749:contribs
732:WP:ESSAY
728:Comment:
534:reliable
152:reliable
54:declined
46:accepted
4000:Cao Dai
3214:at the
3186:Kunming
2894:Guangxi
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2411:Bao Dai
2200:force.
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1545:in 1942
1400:Bao Dai
1394:of the
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1349:Cần Thơ
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1197:Thu Duc
1183:Vietnam
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977:Neutral
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2169:, the
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1966:Pác Bó
1950:Ichigo
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573:, and
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