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352:. Both the trolley-and-skid undercarriage series of eight prototypes for the never-produced Ar 234A series — one on the aircraft, and a separate system on the aft surface of the trolley's main axle — and the tricycle undercarriage-equipped Ar 234B production series were fitted with a drogue parachute deployment capability in the extreme rear ventral fuselage.
445:
431:. The drogue parachute can be deployed at speeds at which conventional parachutes would be torn apart, although it will not slow an object as much as a conventional parachute would do. Due to its simpler design, the drogue parachute is also easier to deploy, minimizing the risk of becoming tangled while unfolding or failing to inflate properly.
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designed for deployment from a rapidly moving object. It can be used for various purposes, such as to decrease speed, to provide control and stability, as a pilot parachute to deploy a larger parachute or a combination of these. Vehicles that have used drogue parachutes include multistage parachutes,
393:, employed drogue parachutes in their vehicle recovery systems alongside the larger main parachutes. The large budget granted to NASA at the time allowed for the extensive development of parachutes, also including drogues that were designed for deployment in extreme conditions and proved useful for
156:
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personal escape system. Similarly, a number of escape capsules, used on both supersonic aircraft and spacecraft, have employed drogue parachutes both for stability and braking, allowing either a main chute to be deployed or for the pilot to exit the capsule and use a personal
291:
The drogue parachute was first used during 1912 in a ground-based parachute test in the absence of airplanes, by
Russian inventor Gleb Kotelnikov, who had patented an early canister-packed knapsack parachute a few months before this test. On a road near
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systems are different; a drogue is deployed shortly after exiting the aircraft to reduce the terminal velocity of the pair of tandem jumpers during freefall. It is later used to deploy the main parachute as on single-person parachutes.
638:
missions as of
January 2024 used supersonic drogue parachutes. Some high-altitude rockets have also used drogue chutes as part of a dual-deployment system, subsequently deploying a main parachute to control and slow their descent.
162:
161:
158:
157:
772:; Mitch Ryan; Erik Haugen; Edward White; James Ross; Joes Laguna; Robert Sinclair; Elsa Hennings; Daniel Bissell (2012). "Performance of a conical ribbon drogue parachute in the wake of a subscale Orion command module".
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Drogue parachutes are sometimes used to deploy a main or reserve parachute by using the drag generated by the drogue to pull the main parachute out of its container. Such a drogue is referred to as a
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requires their installation on all vehicles able to attain speeds of 150 miles per hour or greater. They have also been installed on multiple experimental vehicles intended to conduct
318:
During 1937, the Soviet Union decided to adopt the drogue parachute for the first time on a limited number of their aircraft, specifically those assigned to operate within the
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when used in a single user (sports) parachute system. The pilot chute is only used to deploy the main or reserve parachute; it is not used for slowing down or for stability.
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Drogue parachutes remain a key technology for spaceflight, because they can be used to gain control of very fast descents, including those of spacecraft during
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In comparison to a conventional parachute, the drogue parachute is more elongated and has a far smaller surface area; as a result, it provides far less
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between the United States and the Soviet Union, drogue parachutes were adopted on numerous spacecraft. All human space programs managed by
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introduced its first aircraft fitted with drogue parachutes during the mid 1930s; use of the technology expanded during and after the
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One of the earliest production-standard military aircraft to use a drogue parachute to slow down and shorten its landings was the
1103:
The Design and
Development of an Electromechanical Drogue Parachute Line Release Mechanism for Level 3 High-Power Amateur Rockets
111:
2032:
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1630:
83:
68:
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Stephen A. Whitmore; Elsa J. Hennings (November 2007). "Design of a
Passively Reefed, Collapsible Drogue Parachute System".
720:
333:, which was launched that same year. The drogue parachute was credited with enabling airplanes to land safely on smaller
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2315:
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1411:
814:"Soyuz parachutes to Safe Landing – Space Station Crew returns after 186 Days in Orbit – Soyuz TMA-19M | Spaceflight101"
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Numerous innovations and improvements have been made to drogue parachutes intended for this purpose; examples include a
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593:. They are usually deployed until having established entry conditions that allow for the use of main parachutes or
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Aljuni, Thomas; Linn, Timothy; Willcockson, William; Everett, David; Ronald, Mink; Wood, Joshua (June 8, 2015).
562:, slowing the weapon's descent to provide the aircraft that dropped it enough time to escape the nuclear blast.
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Huang, Wei; Rong, Wei; Liu, Dahai; Jiang, Changhong; Jia, He; Bao, Jinjin; Fang, Jishou (January 2021).
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Drogue parachutes may also be used to help stabilise direction of objects in flight, such as thrown
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496:. They remain effective for landings on wet or icy runways and for high-speed emergency landings.
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for an antispinning feature granted during 1972, and improved force distribution granted in 2011.
300:), Kotelnikov successfully demonstrated the braking effects of such a parachute by accelerating a
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to both stabilise and to slow down almost immediately following deployment, examples include the
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Stephen A. Whitmore; Brent R. Cobleigh; Steven R. Jacobson; Steven C. Jensen; Elsa J. Hennings.
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554:. It has been used for similar purposes when applied to several nuclear bombs, such as the
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271:; they were also commonly used within crewed space vehicle recovery programmes, including
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401:, which landed on a runway, also found benefit in using a drag chute during landing. Its
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1129:"Development and Testing of a Drogue Parachute System for X-37 ALTV/B-52H Separation"
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automobile to its top speed and then opening a parachute attached to the back seat.
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When used to shorten an aircraft's landing distance, a drogue chute is called a
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Wood, T. David; Kanner, Howard S.; Freeland, Donna M.; Olson, Derek T. (2012).
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Drogue parachutes (seen during a drop test in 2014) are used to stabilise the
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954:"Skydiving equipment to distribute the tension forces of a drogue parachute"
682:"Parachuting at the site Divo: The Russian Book of records and achievements"
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188:
1277:"Design and Realization of Recovery System of Chang'e-5 Reentry Spacecraft"
1008:"Engineering Special Report: How to slow a supersonic car with a parachute"
990:"North American Eagle Project: Deceleration – High Speed Parachute Systems"
681:
1213:"More Details on SpaceX's Fairing & Drogue Parachute Recovery Efforts"
17:
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2021 International
Symposium on Computer Science and Intelligent Controls
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745:. Smithsonian Institution, National Air and Space Museum. Archived from
1987:
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1252:"ISRO Conducts Drogue Parachute Deployment Tests for Gaganyaan Mission"
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857:"SOLID ROCKET BOOSTER (SRB): FLIGHT SYSTEM INTEGRATION AT ITS BEST"
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drogue chute installation open, located at the tail of the aircraft
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aircraft have been furnished with drogue parachutes, including the
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recovery parachutes are used to mitigate risk of uncontrollable
378:
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from the 307th Bomb Wing deploying its drogue chute for landing
1024:"Research on Stall Recovery Parachute Flight Deployment Tests"
499:
Braking parachutes are also employed to slow down cars during
181:
40:
484:: The parachutes are in the smaller tubes with yellow straps.
1379:
1228:"Rocket Lab catches a 1-ton booster falling back from space"
448:
A drogue pilot chute decelerating a pair of tandem skydivers
279:. The drogue parachute has also been extensively used upon
1344:"The Supersonic Parachutes Carrying NASA's Martian Dreams"
1187:
723:. Smithsonian Institution, National Air and Space Museum
405:
were also recovered with the help of drogue parachutes.
878:"Relive Apollo 11 Glossary: Abbreviations and Acronyms"
836:
Why is NASA Still Using 1960's
Parachute Test Results?
1021:
Qiu, Zhijie; Dai, Wei; Guan, Gaozhi (November 2021).
1051:"ACES II Ejection Seat Stabilizing Drogue Parachute"
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71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1022:
768:Anita Sengupta; Ricardo Machin; Gary Bourland;
283:as a means of stabilisation and deceleration.
1399:PTK-10240-65 series 2 Parachute braking system
337:that were otherwise unfeasible landing sites.
1419:
322:to provide logistical support for the famous
8:
1106:(Honors thesis). Portland State University.
1318:"OSIRIS-REx, Returning the Asteroid Sample"
1426:
1412:
1404:
700:"Space Shuttle Orbiter Drag Chute Summary"
634:sample return capsules and all successful
1292:
1111:
676:
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131:Learn how and when to remove this message
670:
1095:
1093:
1070:
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233:The drogue parachute was invented by
7:
1010:. bloodhoundlsr.com. 27 August 2019.
940:"Aerial flare with drogue parachute"
693:
691:
565:Drogue parachutes have found use on
69:adding citations to reliable sources
237:professor and parachute specialist
27:Parachute for high speed deployment
928:. skydivecal.com. 9 December 2018.
902:Brain, Marshall (27 August 2002).
480:Dual braking parachutes fitted to
423:landing with a cross-shaped drogue
348:reconnaissance-bomber used by the
25:
1389:PTK-29SK Parachute braking system
1384:PTK-10SK Parachute braking system
926:"What are Drogues in Skydiving?"
585:before main parachute deployment
45:
1394:PTK-25 Parachute braking system
1281:Space: Science & Technology
1211:Messier, Doug (12 April 2018).
241:in 1912, who also invented the
191:for extra braking after landing
167:Drogue parachute deployed on a
56:needs additional citations for
2336:In-flight entertainment system
2033:Horizontal situation indicator
1037:10.1109/ISCSIC54682.2021.00016
776:. IEEE Xplore. pp. 1–11.
774:2012 IEEE Aerospace Conference
523:An F-111F dropping bombs with
326:of the era, such as the first
1:
906:. adventure.howstuffworks.com
864:NASA Technical Reports Server
707:NASA Technical Reports Server
684:(in Russian). bibliotekar.ru.
608:capsules and fairing halves,
369:to reduce deceleration loads)
2316:Environmental control system
1100:House, Marie (24 May 2019).
1053:. Life Support International
721:"Parachute, Drogue, Mercury"
505:National Hot Rod Association
1226:Berger, Eric (2022-05-03).
743:"Parachute, Drogue, Gemini"
365:lands with its drag chute (
2403:
1993:Course deviation indicator
1684:Electro-hydraulic actuator
409:Design and characteristics
259:Boeing B-52 Stratofortress
149:Boeing B-52 Stratofortress
29:
2224:Conventional landing gear
1378:Marine parachute drogues
1329:10.1109/AERO.2015.7118988
968:"Deceleration Parachutes"
782:10.1109/AERO.2012.6186996
2008:Flight management system
1031:. IEEE. pp. 24–27.
533:RKG-3 anti-tank grenades
385:in that time, including
30:Not to be confused with
2311:Emergency oxygen system
2073:Turn and slip indicator
1868:Leading-edge droop flap
1838:Drag-reducing aerospike
1813:Adaptive compliant wing
1808:Active Aeroelastic Wing
395:interplanetary missions
2351:Passenger service unit
2152:Self-sealing fuel tank
2048:Multi-function display
1134:. NASA. Archived from
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528:
485:
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2331:Ice protection system
2249:Tricycle landing gear
2239:Landing gear extender
1456:Aft pressure bulkhead
1294:10.34133/2021/9898756
970:. Miles Manufacturing
904:"How Skydiving Works"
580:
522:
479:
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403:solid rocket boosters
358:
328:drifting ice stations
310:
198:
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166:
146:
2296:Auxiliary power unit
1704:Flight control modes
1342:Koerner, Brendan I.
649:Air brake (aircraft)
626:re-entry craft. The
597:. These include the
253:. A large number of
65:improve this article
2377:Aircraft components
2275:Escape crew capsule
2182:War emergency power
2053:Pitot–static system
1898:Variable-sweep wing
1606:Vertical stabilizer
1215:. parabolicarc.com.
1161:Journal of Aircraft
1113:10.15760/honors.770
1078:. apogeerockets.com
1076:"Drogue Parachutes"
266:Eurofighter Typhoon
2387:Russian inventions
1983:Attitude indicator
1963:Airspeed indicator
1958:Aircraft periscope
996:on 9 October 2010.
698:Lowry, Charles H.
587:
529:
486:
450:
425:
371:
316:
269:multirole aircraft
243:knapsack parachute
230:recovery systems.
211:
193:
175:
153:
80:"Drogue parachute"
2364:
2363:
2291:Aircraft lavatory
2028:Heading indicator
1973:Annunciator panel
1953:Air data computer
1863:Leading-edge cuff
791:978-1-4577-0557-1
591:atmospheric entry
537:air-dropped bombs
509:land speed record
494:braking parachute
324:polar expeditions
164:
141:
140:
133:
115:
16:(Redirected from
2394:
2346:Navigation light
2326:Hydraulic system
2301:Bleed air system
2229:Drogue parachute
1903:Vortex generator
1521:Interplane strut
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1167:(6): 1793–1804.
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992:. Archived from
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622:modules and the
583:Orion spacecraft
262:strategic bomber
251:Second World War
215:drogue parachute
172:BAE Systems Hawk
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2321:Flight recorder
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2172:Thrust reversal
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2058:Radar altimeter
2023:Head-up display
1933:
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1818:Anti-shock body
1800:
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1649:Artificial feel
1631:Flight controls
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1491:Fabric covering
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387:Project Mercury
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273:Project Mercury
239:Gleb Kotelnikov
207:Arlanda Airport
203:Tupolev Tu-104B
187:using a drogue
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552:flight testing
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391:Apollo program
360:Space Shuttle
312:F-4 Phantom II
298:St. Petersburg
294:Tsarskoye Selo
288:
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281:ejection seats
277:Project Gemini
226:aircraft, and
217:, also called
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81:
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76:Find sources:
70:
66:
60:
59:
54:This article
52:
48:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
2306:Deicing boot
2234:Landing gear
2228:
2177:Townend ring
2167:Thrust lever
2142:NACA cowling
2107:Autothrottle
2099:fuel systems
2097:devices and
1888:Stall strips
1858:Krueger flap
1828:Channel wing
1774:Wing warping
1764:Stick shaker
1759:Stick pusher
1679:Dual control
1664:Centre stick
1531:Leading edge
1501:Flying wires
1461:Cabane strut
1359:. Retrieved
1347:
1337:
1311:
1284:
1280:
1270:
1259:. Retrieved
1255:
1246:
1235:. Retrieved
1232:Ars Technica
1231:
1221:
1206:
1195:. Retrieved
1191:
1181:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1143:. Retrieved
1136:the original
1122:
1102:
1080:. Retrieved
1055:. Retrieved
1045:
1028:
1016:
1002:
994:the original
984:
972:. Retrieved
962:
948:
934:
920:
908:. Retrieved
897:
885:. Retrieved
872:
863:
850:
840:, retrieved
835:
829:
818:. Retrieved
816:. 2016-06-18
808:
773:
763:
751:. Retrieved
747:the original
737:
725:. Retrieved
715:
706:
636:Mars landing
601:spaceplane,
588:
564:
530:
498:
493:
489:
487:
472:Deceleration
463:
451:
426:
421:A-4N Skyhawk
372:
361:
342:Arado Ar 234
339:
331:North Pole-1
317:
290:
247:Soviet Union
232:
218:
214:
212:
127:
118:
108:
101:
94:
87:
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
2254:Tundra tire
2137:Intake ramp
2068:Transponder
1853:Gurney flap
1794:Aerodynamic
1709:Fly-by-wire
1591:Triple tail
599:Boeing X-37
501:drag racing
454:pilot chute
440:Parachuting
373:During the
346:jet-powered
255:jet-powered
2382:Parachutes
2371:Categories
2244:Oleo strut
2132:Inlet cone
2127:Gascolator
2093:Propulsion
2083:Yaw string
2078:Variometer
1934:instrument
1913:Wing fence
1848:Gouge flap
1823:Blown flap
1779:Yaw damper
1754:Stabilator
1739:Side-stick
1674:Dive brake
1561:Stabilizer
1536:Lift strut
1526:Jury strut
1361:2024-01-17
1261:2024-02-04
1237:2022-05-04
1197:2024-01-16
1145:2020-06-17
842:2024-01-16
820:2024-01-16
665:References
659:Sea anchor
632:OSIRIS-REx
610:Rocket Lab
574:parachute.
511:attempts.
375:space race
302:Russo-Balt
228:spacecraft
219:drag chute
91:newspapers
36:Sea anchor
18:Drag chute
2219:Autobrake
2147:NACA duct
2122:Fuel tank
2112:Drop tank
2095:controls,
1978:Astrodome
1968:Altimeter
1833:Dog-tooth
1798:high-lift
1749:Spoileron
1734:Servo tab
1714:Gust lock
1669:Deceleron
1654:Autopilot
1611:Wing root
1596:Twin tail
1581:Tailplane
1516:Hardpoint
1486:Empennage
1449:structure
1356:1059-1028
1303:2692-7659
624:Chang'e 5
620:Gaganyaan
515:Stability
362:Discovery
350:Luftwaffe
335:ice floes
223:parachute
189:parachute
2187:Wet wing
2162:Throttle
1908:Vortilon
1769:Trim tab
1699:Flaperon
1689:Elevator
1644:Airbrake
1616:Wing tip
1541:Longeron
1511:Fuselage
1447:Airframe
1435:Aircraft
1188:"Dragon"
1186:SpaceX.
800:35463923
643:See also
628:Stardust
613:Electron
389:and the
381:and the
264:and the
200:Aeroflot
2197:Landing
1988:Compass
1936:systems
1928:Avionic
1918:Winglet
1801:devices
1744:Spoiler
1639:Aileron
1621:Wingbox
1546:Nacelle
1496:Fairing
1439:systems
1082:17 June
1057:17 June
974:17 June
956:. 2011.
942:. 1972.
910:17 June
887:17 June
753:17 June
727:17 June
571:ACES II
547:during
527:drogues
525:ballute
383:Soviets
287:History
235:Russian
221:, is a
209:in 1968
185:Typhoon
105:scholar
1932:flight
1893:Strake
1724:Rudder
1694:Elevon
1659:Canard
1601:V-tail
1576:T-tail
1506:Former
1466:Canopy
1354:
1301:
1192:SpaceX
798:
788:
654:Drogue
617:ISRO's
606:Dragon
603:SpaceX
503:; the
466:patent
458:Tandem
397:. The
367:reefed
320:Arctic
245:. The
107:
100:
93:
86:
78:
32:Drogue
2117:FADEC
2003:EICAS
1878:Slats
1719:HOTAS
1571:Strut
1348:Wired
1321:(PDF)
1139:(PDF)
1132:(PDF)
860:(PDF)
796:S2CID
703:(PDF)
545:spins
541:Stall
112:JSTOR
98:books
2199:and
2063:TCAS
2043:ISIS
1998:EFIS
1943:ACAS
1930:and
1883:Slot
1843:Flap
1796:and
1784:Yoke
1556:Spar
1481:Dope
1352:ISSN
1299:ISSN
1285:2021
1084:2020
1059:2020
976:2020
912:2020
889:2020
882:NASA
786:ISBN
755:2020
729:2020
630:and
558:and
429:drag
379:NASA
344:, a
275:and
169:SAAF
84:news
2038:INS
2018:GPS
1873:LEX
1551:Rib
1325:doi
1289:doi
1169:doi
1108:doi
1033:doi
778:doi
560:B83
556:B61
535:or
492:or
435:Use
418:IAF
205:at
182:RAF
67:by
34:or
2373::
1350:.
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1297:.
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1279:.
1254:.
1230:.
1190:.
1165:44
1163:.
1092:^
1067:^
1027:.
880:.
862:.
794:.
784:.
705:.
690:^
673:^
539:.
213:A
147:A
1427:e
1420:t
1413:v
1364:.
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1327::
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1086:.
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978:.
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134:)
128:(
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119:(
109:·
102:·
95:·
88:·
61:.
38:.
20:)
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