Knowledge (XXG)

Drinking fountains in the United States

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The ASPCA had been founded in 1866 in New York, and spread quickly to active branches in Philadelphia and other cities. One of its concerns was the difficulty of finding fresh water for work horses in urban areas. Combination drinking fountains that provided a bubbler for people and a water trough
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in New York City, and the work of the Philadelphia Fountain Society beginning in April 1869, whose fountains served people, horses, and dogs. Those Philadelphia fountains immediately proved their "utility and absolute necessity;" by September 1869 the Fountain Society had constructed 12, and the
83:… It is claimed that this is the first drinking fountain erected in the county of Philadelphia outside of the Fairmount Water-Works. A clear, cold, mountain spring is carried by a spout, covered with a lion's head, from a niche in a granite front, with 74:
may rank among the earliest in the country. Constructed in 1854, it was explicitly labeled "For the public good", it had respectable neo-classical detailing, and it was privately funded, all of which would set a pattern. It was described in 1884 as:
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newly-founded Pennsylvania branch of the ASPCA had built another five. As of 1880, the Philadelphia Fountain Society alone maintained 50 fountains serving approximately 3 million people and 1 million horses and other animals.
635: 34:. The drinker bends down to the stream of water and swallows water directly from the stream. Drinking water fountains are most commonly found in heavy usage areas like public amenities, schools, airports, and museums. 918: 42: 103:
In the late 1860s, a mix of progressive organizations and private philanthropists began funding purpose-built, public water fountains. Early examples include the first fountain funded by the new
151:, a dentist and temperance crusader who made a fortune in San Francisco real estate, sponsored (and designed) dozens of artistic fountains, some of which were adorned with a statue of himself. 104: 3227:
The board will begin to excavate this morning on the city hall lawn in preparation for the drinking fountain that has been given by the Woman's Christian temperance union
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In the United States, segregation of public facilities including but not limited to water fountains due to race, color, religion, or national origin was abolished by the
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collaborated on them. These were frequently created as memorials to individuals, serving an ongoing utilitarian purpose as well as an artistic one.
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were donated to communities across the United States between 1903 and 1913. The fountains were the gift of philanthropist Hermon Lee Ensign.
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The original fountain deteriorated and was used to create a replica. It was erected about 100 ft from the original's site.
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One myth claims that drinking fountains were first built in the United States in 1888 by the then-small Kohler Water Works (now
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More than 120 National Humane Alliance Fountains were installed in communities across the United States between 1903 and 1913.
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fountain was damaged in a 1912 accident and removed. The replica fountain, cast from the same molds, was erected in 2002.
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The bas-relief panel depicts Whitehead's horse "George" and dog "Dandy." The watering trough is now used as a planter.
2495: 2090: 469: 3379: 1939:(curved bench) with a drinking fountain at center. It empties into a basin on the opposite side for horses and dogs. 1295: 2558: 2529: 2489: 2437: 2397: 2360: 2355: 1886: 1705: 54: 1718: 1015: 695: 2367: 1242: 1004: 357: 319: 254: 170: 3241: 2716: 1929: 1416: 2741: 2610: 2449: 1709: 1345: 1289: 1185:
Constructed in October 1901, dedicated November 9, 1901; contains biblical passages and one from Shakespeare's
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into a marble basin. The construction bears the date 1854 … Upon a slab above the niche are cut the words "
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designed to provide drinking water. It consists of a basin with either continuously running water or a
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Privately sponsored drinking fountains were often commissioned as works of art. Sculptors such as
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An African-American man drinking at a "colored" drinking fountain in a streetcar terminal in
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for horses, and sometimes a lower basin for dogs, became popular. In particular, over 120
3367: 2860:"Negro drinking at "Colored" water cooler in streetcar terminal, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma" 2756: 1957: 79:
The first fountain, so called, stands upon the side of the road on the west side of the
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Erected by the Women's Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
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Originally located at Market & Kearny Streets. Altered. No longer a fountain.
2736:
2 basins and a horse trough, fed by gravity from a spring uphill of the fountain
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Portland now features 52 four-bowl Benson Bubblers and 74 single-bowl ones.
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A Guide Book of Art, Architecture, and Historic Interests in Pennsylvania
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The horse in the city : living machines in the nineteenth century
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Erected by the Grand Division of the Sons of Temperance. Cost: $ 2,300
636:
Woman's Christian Temperance Union Fountain (Rehoboth Beach, Delaware)
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The octagonal basin spills into 4 water troughs for horses and dogs.
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built an elaborate and popular drinking fountain for Philadelphia's
826:
Woman's Christian Temperance Union Fountain (Bloomington, Indiana)
53: 41: 1983:
Second Oregon Company Volunteers Fountain (Spanish–American War)
1740:
Commemorates the 25th anniversary of the association's founding.
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Woman's Christian Temperance Union Fountain (Shenandoah, Iowa)
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Also working in parallel were various organizations of the
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history and list of drinking fountains in the United States
3118:"Title II Of The Civil Rights Act (Public Accommodations)" 1447:
Merrill Humane Fountain in its original location, c. 1906
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NOTE: some entries in this table overlap the entries in
105:
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
162:. However, no company by that name existed at the time. 3137:"Drinking fountains quench a thirst for sustainability" 204:
List of notable drinking fountains (organized by state)
3325:. New York City Department of Parks & Recreation 1879:
initially installed 20 four-bowl drinking fountains.
1224:
Water flows from the mouth of a mask of Konkapot, a
135:in towns and cities across the United States. The 3225:. Springfield, Mass. October 9, 1901. p. 8. 2470:Originally installed on the Spring Garden Street 2928:Scharf, John Thomas; Westcott, Thompson (1884). 1585:bird charmer at center and bubbler at each end. 58:"Upon a slab above the niche are cut the words ' 26:, also called a water fountain or bubbler, is a 2468:"Drink, and I will give thy Camels Drink also." 1944:Charles B. Merrick Memorial Drinking Fountain 8: 3043:WCTU Drinking Fountains – Then and Now 2395:Bainbridge Street median strip at 3rd Street 2292:Woman's Christian Temperance Union Fountain 1528:Jessie Tennille Maschmeyer Memorial Fountain 1147:Woman's Christian Temperance Union Fountain 1592:Temperance Fountain (Tompkins Square Park) 304:Statue of Benjamin Franklin (San Francisco) 3052:, from Woman's Christian Temperance Union. 2423:Mary Rebecca Darby Smith Memorial Fountain 207: 2839:History of fountains in the United States 2273:Basin & water troughs: Barre granite 2218:Lower basin & horse troughs: granite 1581:features a life-sized bronze figure of a 3298:Tompkins Square Park Temperance Fountain 3209:Boston Architectural Club Yearbook, 1912 3014:"Curbside refreshment for man and beast" 2931:History of Philadelphia, 1609–1884 2895:. John C. Winston Company. p. 105. 2476:Relocated to West Fairmount Park, 1934. 2465:Originally, for people, horses and dogs 1105:The fountain was a bequest from actress 738:U. S. Capitol Grounds Drinking Fountain 534:Includes a bronze portrait medallion of 3464:Drinking fountains in the United States 3428: 3024:from the original on September 16, 2020 2989:from the original on September 26, 2020 2909:from the original on September 26, 2020 2864:Prints & Photographs Online Catalog 2850: 2792:. Neither table is an exhaustive list. 2018:Spanish–American War Soldier's Monument 727:Water flowed from the dolphins' mouths. 3438:"Drinking Fountains and Public Health" 687:7th Street & Indiana Avenue, N.W., 679:Temperance Fountain (Washington, D.C.) 3164:, from Manchester Historical Society. 3092:"Debunking the the(sic) bubbler myth" 2889:Archambault, Anna Margaretta (1924). 1698:Women's Health Protective Association 432:Basin & 3 horse troughs: granite 7: 2645:National Register of Historic Places 1833:National Register of Historic Places 1794:Woodland Cemetery Drinking Fountain 1787:National Register of Historic Places 1391:National Register of Historic Places 1130:Coolidge & Carleson, architects 949:National Register of Historic Places 913:Richards posing with her sculpture. 731:National Register of Historic Places 671:National Register of Historic Places 447:National Register of Historic Places 296:National Register of Historic Places 2346:The Scholar and the Football Player 1387:Water flows from the lions' mouths. 402:Nathaniel Wheeler Memorial Fountain 252:Market, Geary & Kearny Streets, 3382:, from University of Pennsylvania. 3248:, from Town of Lee, Massachusetts. 3070:Historic American Buildings Survey 2834:Drinking fountains in Philadelphia 2790:Drinking fountains in Philadelphia 1513:Chicago Art Bronze Works, foundry 393:Originally located at what is now 129:Woman's Christian Temperance Union 118:National Humane Alliance fountains 72:drinking fountains in Philadelphia 14: 3090:Dippel, Beth (October 31, 2014). 2390:Annie L. Lowry Memorial Fountain 2216:Top basin & caryatids: bronze 2076:Portland Central Library Fountain 865:Murphy Memorial Drinking Fountain 496:Albert A. Pope Memorial Fountain 455:National Humane Alliance Fountain 3356:Second Oregon Company Volunteers 3221:"Will Have Expert from Boston". 2818: 2804: 2755: 2715: 2668: 2615: 2563: 2494: 2442: 2306: 2253: 2198: 2142: 2089: 1995: 1956: 1902: 1852: 1809: 1762: 1717: 1664: 1605: 1551: 1464: 1415: 1357: 1319:Granite basin, bronze sculpture 1294: 1247: 1069: 1014: 971: 925:Clarinda & Sheridan Streets, 881: 841: 792: 751: 694: 649: 642:Rehoboth Avenue & Boardwalk, 599: 564:Pomponian Bronze Works, foundry 468: 413: 367: 324: 259: 2661:Lafayette & Market Streets, 1800:Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum 1651:Union Square Drinking Fountain 3310:Union Square Drinking Fountain 2191:SW First & Ankeny Streets, 1674:J. Leonard Corning, architect 147:, that dispensed ice water. 1: 3406:, from National Park Service. 3063:"Sons of Temperance Fountain" 3012:Hahn, Ashley (May 29, 2013). 2934:. L. H. Everts & Company. 2246:4th Avenue & Main Street, 2120:Fountain is right of center: 962:Old Fayette County Courthouse 309:Cogswell Historical Monument 131:, founded in 1874, sponsored 95:"; beneath the basin these, " 62:'; beneath the basin these, ' 2691:For people, horses and dogs 2330:For people, horses and dogs 2276:For people, horses and dogs 2221:For people, horses and dogs 1925:For people, horses and dogs 1890:Portland Fireman's Memorial 1782:For people, horses and dogs 1480:For people, horses and dogs 1457:Commerce & Main Streets, 1437:For people, horses and dogs 1270:For people, horses and dogs 1138:For people, horses and dogs 1045:The Meeting of Air and Water 1033:For people, horses and dogs 818:For people, horses and dogs 486:For people, horses and dogs 2602:Fireman's Drinking Fountain 2548:Memorial Drinking Fountain 2299:Lane & Jackson Streets, 944:For people, dogs and birds 714:Base & canopy: granite 3490: 3370:, from Public Art Archive. 3272:, from Arthur Percy Fitt, 3244:February 24, 2015, at the 3195:, from Bleeding Heartland. 2979:"Letter from Philadelphia" 2858:Lee, Russell (July 1939). 2774:Pier & basin: granite 2530:1876 Centennial Exposition 2356:University of Pennsylvania 2036:Laberee Memorial Fountain 1895:1800 West Burnside Street, 1233:Belcher Memorial Fountain 1145:Holyoke City Hall Fountain 1094:For people, cats and dogs 981:Lexington Granite Company 141:1876 Centennial Exposition 3270:Belcher Memorial Fountain 3258:Belcher Memorial Fountain 3191:October 27, 2014, at the 3186:WCTU Fountain, Shenandoah 2748:16th & Pearl Streets, 2628:J. W. Fiske & Company 2368:Alexander Stirling Calder 1714:Manhattan, New York City 1661:Manhattan, New York City 1602:Manhattan, New York City 1511:G. B. Franklin, architect 1452:Miller Memorial Fountain 1195:Kilbon Memorial Fountain 999:Gumbel Memorial Fountain 872:Carroll County Courthouse 358:Erskine Memorial Fountain 181:; and architects such as 171:Alexander Stirling Calder 3416:R. D. Whitehead Monument 2742:R. D. Whitehead Monument 2724:Roy Keister, head mason 2509:Removed to storage 1969 2484:Fountain (Philadelphia) 2265:H. G. Wright, architect 2149:Oliver Laurence Barrett 1487:American Legion Memorial 1346:Bagley Memorial Fountain 1054:Lotta Crabtree Fountain 832:Monroe County Courthouse 198:Civil Rights Act of 1964 3436:Phurisamban, Rapichan. 3344:David Campbell Monument 2353:Quadrangle Dormitories, 2210:J. M. Wells, architect 2010:limestone & bronze 1887:David Campbell Monument 1399:Merrill Humane Fountain 1367:Henry Hobson Richardson 1257:Aberdeen Granite Works 1081:John W. Ames, architect 782:(Wright-Bock Fountain) 191:Henry Hobson Richardson 143:, later moved close to 3223:Springfield Republican 3174:Carrie Welton Fountain 3162:Dancing Bears Fountain 3152:, from Hartford Signs. 2983:Tunkhannock Republican 2945:McShane, Clay (2007). 2733:For people and horses 2708:& Falconwood Road, 2655:Hebe, Goddess of Youth 2592:Portrait medallion of 2590: 2522: 2416:"Drink Gentle Friends" 2342:Class of 1892 Fountain 2284: 2229: 2173: 2118: 1980:Fountain for Company H 1933: 1691:Theodore Roosevelt Sr. 1640:Copy of Thorvaldsen's 1638: 1445: 1425:Carrere & Hastings 1385: 1330: 1221:For people and horses 1166: 1114:Charles Taft Fountain 1102: 1041: 911: 889:Myra Reynolds Richards 725: 717:For people and horses 629: 621:For people and horses 580:Carrie Welton Fountain 543:Dancing Bears Fountain 531:For people and horses 443: 435:For people and horses 284: 101: 67: 51: 3380:Class of '92 Fountain 3239:Daniel Chester French 3205:Charles Taft Fountain 3150:Colonel Pope Fountain 2985:. September 9, 1869. 2589: 2521: 2432:Horticultural Drive, 2319:J. L. Mott Ironworks 2283: 2228: 2179:" was added in 1928. 2175:Barrett's figure of " 2172: 2117: 1932: 1671:Karl Adolph Donndorf 1637: 1622:J. L. Mott Ironworks 1489:World War I Memorial 1444: 1384: 1336:figure is nicknamed " 1329: 1238:Northfield Town Hall, 1210:Daniel Chester French 1165: 1101: 1040: 910: 761:Frederick Law Olmsted 744:United States Capitol 724: 628: 442: 292:donated the fountain. 286:The fountain in 1905. 283: 187:Frederick Law Olmsted 179:Daniel Chester French 77: 57: 45: 3447:. pacific institute. 3274:All About Northfield 2826:United States portal 2777:For horses and dogs 2680:J. L. Mott, foundry 2640:For people and dogs 2413:For horses and dogs 2165:For people and dogs 2107:Wilkinson sandstone 1682:For people and dogs 1598:Tompkins Square Park 1322:For horses and dogs 1267:Gaslight: cast iron 1077:Katharine Lane Weems 992:For people and dogs 741:District of Columbia 685:District of Columbia 545:Children's Fountain 133:temperance fountains 3474:Temperance movement 3368:Joy (Pioneer Woman) 2868:Library of Congress 2434:West Fairmount Park 2426:Rebecca at the Well 2261:Roland Hinton Perry 2177:Rebecca at the Well 2082:801 SW 10th Avenue, 1687:Daniel Willis James 1539:Outside Bird House, 779:Horse Show Fountain 363:Grant Park, Atlanta 307:Temperance Fountain 125:Temperance Movement 3048:2011-10-14 at the 2763:Sigvald Asbjornsen 2591: 2554:Rittenhouse Square 2536:Installed outside 2523: 2314:Bertel Thorvaldsen 2285: 2236:Thompson Fountain 2230: 2174: 2126:Shemanski Fountain 2119: 2042:Council Crest Park 1934: 1639: 1613:Bertel Thorvaldsen 1564:Roman Bronze Works 1446: 1386: 1331: 1167: 1103: 1042: 987:Sculptures: bronze 912: 805:Frank Lloyd Wright 726: 712:Sculptures: bronze 682:Cogswell Fountain 630: 585:Horse on The Green 444: 285: 183:Paul Philippe Cret 137:Sons of Temperance 68: 52: 3312:, from NYC Parks. 3300:, from NYC Parks. 3286:Zuni Bird Charmer 3124:. August 6, 2015. 2956:978-1-4356-9264-0 2784: 2783: 2772:Sculpture: bronze 2686:Sculpture: bronze 2538:Independence Hall 2524:Under a 13-sided 2271:Sculpture: bronze 2185:Skidmore Fountain 2133:South Park Blocks 2063:Sculpture: bronze 2016:Located near the 1988:Lownsdale Square, 1746:Probasco Fountain 1657:Union Square Park 1619:Henry D. Cogswell 1590:Cogswell Fountain 1532:Zuni Bird Charmer 1301:Charles Y. Harvey 1278:Burnside Fountain 1153:Holyoke City Hall 1119:Cleveland Circle, 898:Sculpture: bronze 748:Washington, D.C. 705:Henry D. Cogswell 335:Henry D. Cogswell 315:Washington Square 160:Kohler, Wisconsin 149:Henry D. Cogswell 145:Independence Hall 70:The first of the 24:drinking fountain 3481: 3449: 3448: 3442: 3433: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3404:Pin Oak Fountain 3401: 3395: 3389: 3383: 3377: 3371: 3365: 3359: 3353: 3347: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3323:"Riverside Park" 3319: 3313: 3307: 3301: 3295: 3289: 3283: 3277: 3267: 3261: 3255: 3249: 3236: 3230: 3229: 3218: 3212: 3202: 3196: 3183: 3177: 3171: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3139:. June 15, 2018. 3132: 3126: 3125: 3113: 3107: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3087: 3081: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3067: 3059: 3053: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3009: 3003: 3002: 2996: 2994: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2925: 2919: 2918: 2916: 2914: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2855: 2828: 2823: 2822: 2821: 2814: 2809: 2808: 2759: 2719: 2699:Pin Oak Fountain 2688:Base: cast iron 2676:Giuseppe Moretti 2672: 2637:Base: cast iron 2619: 2594:J. William White 2571:R. Tait McKenzie 2567: 2546:J. William White 2498: 2446: 2310: 2257: 2206:Olin Levi Warner 2202: 2146: 2093: 2054:Frederic Littman 1999: 1960: 1949:NE Sandy Street, 1906: 1856: 1813: 1772:Samuel Hannaford 1766: 1721: 1668: 1609: 1555: 1468: 1419: 1361: 1298: 1285:Worcester Common 1251: 1073: 1018: 975: 885: 845: 815:Poured concrete 796: 755: 698: 690:Washington, D.C. 653: 603: 560:Albert Humphreys 519:George W. Keller 472: 417: 371: 328: 263: 241:Lotta's Fountain 223:Other designers 208: 93:Pro bono publico 60:Pro bono publico 3489: 3488: 3484: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3479: 3478: 3454: 3453: 3452: 3440: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3423: 3422: 3414: 3410: 3402: 3398: 3392:Sterne Fountain 3390: 3386: 3378: 3374: 3366: 3362: 3354: 3350: 3342: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3321: 3320: 3316: 3308: 3304: 3296: 3292: 3284: 3280: 3268: 3264: 3256: 3252: 3246:Wayback Machine 3237: 3233: 3220: 3219: 3215: 3203: 3199: 3193:Wayback Machine 3184: 3180: 3172: 3168: 3160: 3156: 3148: 3144: 3135: 3133: 3129: 3122:www.justice.gov 3116: 3114: 3110: 3100: 3098: 3096:Sheboygan Press 3089: 3088: 3084: 3074: 3072: 3065: 3061: 3060: 3056: 3050:Wayback Machine 3041: 3037: 3027: 3025: 3011: 3010: 3006: 2992: 2990: 2977: 2976: 2972: 2957: 2944: 2943: 2939: 2927: 2926: 2922: 2912: 2910: 2903: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2873: 2871: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2847: 2824: 2819: 2817: 2810: 2803: 2800: 2773: 2749: 2747: 2730:crystal quartz 2709: 2704: 2687: 2662: 2660: 2653: 2652:Sterne Fountain 2636: 2635:Sculpture: zinc 2609: 2607: 2557: 2552: 2535: 2533: 2508: 2506: 2488: 2475: 2474:at 12th Street. 2469: 2464: 2458:relocated 1934 2457: 2436: 2431: 2424: 2417: 2396: 2394: 2373:Bureau Brothers 2359: 2354: 2352: 2343: 2324:2002 (replica) 2323: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2291: 2272: 2247: 2245: 2240: 2217: 2192: 2190: 2159: 2136: 2131: 2083: 2081: 2064: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2029: 2002:John H. Beaver 1989: 1987: 1982: 1950: 1948: 1910:Avard Fairbanks 1896: 1894: 1889: 1880: 1875:Philanthropist 1846: 1803: 1798: 1756: 1751: 1713: 1704: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1621: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1545: 1540: 1538: 1529: 1512: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1458: 1456: 1432:relocated 1925 1431: 1409: 1404: 1388: 1351: 1302: 1288: 1283: 1266: 1262:relocated 1960 1261: 1241: 1240:70 Main Street, 1239: 1237: 1201: 1199: 1155: 1151: 1146: 1120: 1118: 1104: 1082: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1008: 1003: 988: 978:William Ingram 965: 960: 956:Ellis Fountain 926: 924: 899: 875: 870: 835: 830: 811: 786: 781: 747: 742: 728: 713: 688: 686: 681: 643: 641: 617: 593: 591: 582: 551: 549: 544: 526:relocated 1964 525: 505: 500: 495: 480: 462: 461:Derby Greenway, 460: 431: 430:Mermaid: bronze 407: 383:relocated 1912 375:J. Massey Rhind 345: 341:relocated 1904 340: 318: 313: 308: 306: 293: 287: 253: 251: 243: 206: 40: 12: 11: 5: 3487: 3485: 3477: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3456: 3455: 3451: 3450: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3408: 3396: 3384: 3372: 3360: 3348: 3336: 3314: 3302: 3290: 3278: 3262: 3250: 3231: 3213: 3197: 3178: 3166: 3154: 3142: 3127: 3108: 3082: 3054: 3035: 3004: 2999:Newspapers.com 2970: 2955: 2937: 2920: 2901: 2881: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2842: 2841: 2836: 2830: 2829: 2815: 2799: 2796: 2795: 2794: 2782: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2760: 2753: 2744: 2738: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2713: 2701: 2695: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2673: 2666: 2657: 2649: 2648: 2641: 2638: 2633: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2613: 2604: 2598: 2597: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2568: 2561: 2549: 2542: 2541: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507:Relocated 1877 2503: 2501: 2499: 2492: 2485: 2478: 2477: 2466: 2461: 2459: 2454: 2452: 2447: 2440: 2428: 2420: 2419: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2391: 2387: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2370: 2365: 2363: 2349: 2339: 2338: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2320: 2317: 2311: 2304: 2293: 2287: 2286: 2277: 2274: 2269: 2266: 2263: 2258: 2251: 2237: 2233: 2232: 2222: 2219: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2203: 2196: 2187: 2181: 2180: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2156: 2150: 2147: 2140: 2128: 2122: 2121: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2096: 2094: 2087: 2078: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2065:Base: granite 2061: 2058: 2056: 2051: 2049: 2037: 2021: 2020: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1993: 1984: 1976: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1954: 1945: 1941: 1940: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1912: 1907: 1900: 1891: 1883: 1882: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1859: 1857: 1850: 1843: 1841:Benson Bubbler 1837: 1836: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1814: 1807: 1795: 1791: 1790: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1769: 1767: 1760: 1753:Clifton Avenue 1748: 1742: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1722: 1715: 1706:Riverside Park 1701: 1694: 1693: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1662: 1652: 1649:James Fountain 1646: 1645: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1616: 1610: 1603: 1593: 1587: 1586: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1561: 1559:Walker Hancock 1556: 1549: 1535: 1525: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1502: 1490: 1484: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1469: 1462: 1453: 1449: 1448: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1428: 1422: 1420: 1413: 1401: 1395: 1394: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1364: 1362: 1355: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1308: 1303:(completed by 1299: 1292: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1265:Quincy granite 1263: 1258: 1255: 1254:Joseph Walker 1252: 1245: 1234: 1230: 1229: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1207: 1205: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1183: 1180: 1178:Monson granite 1175: 1172: 1170: 1168: 1159: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1115: 1111: 1110: 1107:Lotta Crabtree 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1079: 1074: 1067: 1055: 1052:Lotta Fountain 1049: 1048: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1019: 1012: 1000: 996: 995: 993: 990: 985: 982: 979: 976: 969: 957: 953: 952: 945: 942: 939: 936: 934: 932: 930: 921: 915: 914: 904: 901: 900:Barre granite 896: 893: 891: 886: 879: 867: 861: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 846: 839: 827: 823: 822: 819: 816: 813: 808: 802: 797: 790: 783: 775: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 758: 756: 749: 739: 735: 734: 718: 715: 710: 707: 702: 699: 692: 683: 675: 674: 667: 664: 661: 658: 656: 654: 647: 645:Rehoboth Beach 638: 632: 631: 622: 619: 618:Base: granite 614: 611: 609: 604: 597: 588: 576: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 562: 557: 555: 546: 540: 539: 536:Albert A. Pope 532: 529: 527: 522: 516: 511: 509: 497: 491: 490: 487: 484: 482: 481:restored 2007 477: 475: 473: 466: 457: 451: 450: 436: 433: 428: 425: 423: 421:Gutzon Borglum 418: 411: 404: 398: 397: 395:Hardy Ivy Park 391: 388: 385: 379: 377: 372: 365: 360: 354: 353: 350: 347: 346:base: granite 342: 337: 332: 329: 322: 310: 300: 299: 290:Lotta Crabtree 277: 274: 271: 268: 266: 264: 257: 248: 245:Lotta Crabtree 237: 236: 233: 230: 227: 224: 221: 218: 215: 212: 205: 202: 175:Gutzon Borglum 156:Kohler Company 39: 36: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3486: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3446: 3439: 3432: 3429: 3426: 3418:, from SIRIS. 3417: 3412: 3409: 3405: 3400: 3397: 3394:, from SIRIS. 3393: 3388: 3385: 3381: 3376: 3373: 3369: 3364: 3361: 3358:, from SIRIS. 3357: 3352: 3349: 3346:, from SIRIS. 3345: 3340: 3337: 3324: 3318: 3315: 3311: 3306: 3303: 3299: 3294: 3291: 3288:, from SIRIS. 3287: 3282: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3266: 3263: 3260:, from SIRIS. 3259: 3254: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3240: 3235: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3217: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3201: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3187: 3182: 3179: 3176:, from SIRIS. 3175: 3170: 3167: 3163: 3158: 3155: 3151: 3146: 3143: 3138: 3131: 3128: 3123: 3119: 3112: 3109: 3097: 3093: 3086: 3083: 3075:September 26, 3071: 3064: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3044: 3039: 3036: 3028:September 23, 3023: 3019: 3015: 3008: 3005: 3000: 2993:September 23, 2988: 2984: 2980: 2974: 2971: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2952: 2948: 2941: 2938: 2933: 2932: 2924: 2921: 2913:September 25, 2908: 2904: 2902:9780271046822 2898: 2894: 2893: 2885: 2882: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2854: 2851: 2844: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2827: 2816: 2813: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2793: 2791: 2786: 2785: 2779: 2776: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2754: 2752: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2714: 2712: 2707: 2703:West Virginia 2702: 2700: 2697: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2667: 2665: 2658: 2656: 2651: 2650: 2646: 2643:Added to the 2642: 2639: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2623:Caspar Buberl 2621: 2618: 2614: 2612: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2599: 2595: 2588: 2584: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2562: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2543: 2539: 2531: 2527: 2520: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2493: 2491: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2462: 2460: 2455: 2453: 2451: 2450:John J. Boyle 2448: 2445: 2441: 2439: 2435: 2429: 2427: 2422: 2421: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2392: 2389: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2357: 2350: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2336: 2333:The original 2332: 2329: 2326: 2321: 2318: 2316:(copy after) 2315: 2312: 2309: 2305: 2303: 2294: 2290:Hebe Fountain 2289: 2288: 2282: 2278: 2275: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2252: 2250: 2243: 2238: 2235: 2234: 2227: 2223: 2220: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2197: 2195: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2182: 2178: 2171: 2167: 2164: 2162: 2157: 2154: 2153:Carl L. Linde 2151: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2088: 2086: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2027: 2026:Pioneer Woman 2023: 2022: 2019: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1994: 1992: 1985: 1981: 1978: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1955: 1953: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1931: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1901: 1899: 1892: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1878: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1851: 1849: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1834: 1831:Added to the 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1808: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1793: 1792: 1788: 1785:Added to the 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1761: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1739: 1736: 1734:white marble 1733: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1647: 1643: 1636: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1615:(copy after) 1614: 1611: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1548: 1543: 1542:St. Louis Zoo 1536: 1533: 1527: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1463: 1461: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1429: 1427:, architects 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1414: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1392: 1389:Added to the 1383: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1356: 1354: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1328: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1300: 1297: 1293: 1291: 1286: 1282:Massachusetts 1281: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1250: 1246: 1244: 1236:Massachusetts 1235: 1232: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1204: 1198:Massachusetts 1197: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1164: 1160: 1158: 1154: 1150:Massachusetts 1149: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1125: 1123: 1117:Massachusetts 1116: 1113: 1112: 1108: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1068: 1066: 1061: 1060:The Esplanade 1057:Massachusetts 1056: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1039: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1025: 1023: 1022:Isidore Konti 1020: 1017: 1013: 1011: 1006: 1001: 998: 997: 994: 991: 986: 983: 980: 977: 974: 970: 968: 963: 958: 955: 954: 950: 947:Added to the 946: 943: 940: 937: 935: 933: 931: 929: 922: 920: 917: 916: 909: 905: 902: 897: 894: 892: 890: 887: 884: 880: 878: 873: 868: 866: 863: 862: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 847: 844: 840: 838: 833: 828: 825: 824: 820: 817: 814: 812:replica 1969 809: 806: 803: 801: 798: 795: 791: 789: 784: 780: 777: 776: 773: 770: 768: 765: 762: 759: 757: 754: 750: 745: 740: 737: 736: 732: 729:Added to the 723: 719: 716: 711: 708: 706: 703: 700: 697: 693: 691: 684: 680: 677: 676: 672: 669:Added to the 668: 665: 662: 659: 657: 655: 652: 648: 646: 639: 637: 634: 633: 627: 623: 620: 616:Horse: bronze 615: 612: 610: 608: 607:Karl Gerhardt 605: 602: 598: 596: 589: 586: 581: 578: 577: 574: 571: 569: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 554: 547: 542: 541: 537: 533: 530: 528: 523: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 508: 503: 498: 494:Pope Fountain 493: 492: 488: 485: 483: 478: 476: 474: 471: 467: 465: 458: 456: 453: 452: 448: 445:Added to the 441: 437: 434: 429: 426: 424: 422: 419: 416: 412: 410: 405: 403: 400: 399: 396: 392: 389: 386: 384: 380: 378: 376: 373: 370: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 351: 348: 343: 338: 336: 333: 330: 327: 323: 321: 320:San Francisco 316: 311: 305: 302: 301: 297: 294:Added to the 291: 282: 278: 275: 272: 269: 267: 265: 262: 258: 256: 255:San Francisco 249: 246: 242: 239: 238: 234: 231: 228: 225: 222: 219: 216: 213: 210: 209: 203: 201: 199: 194: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 163: 161: 157: 152: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 121: 119: 113: 110: 106: 100: 98: 97:Esto perpetua 94: 90: 86: 82: 76: 73: 65: 64:Esto perpetua 61: 56: 49: 48:Oklahoma City 44: 37: 35: 33: 29: 25: 21: 16: 3444: 3431: 3424: 3411: 3399: 3387: 3375: 3363: 3351: 3339: 3327:. Retrieved 3317: 3305: 3293: 3281: 3273: 3265: 3253: 3234: 3226: 3222: 3216: 3208: 3200: 3181: 3169: 3157: 3145: 3130: 3121: 3111: 3099:. Retrieved 3095: 3085: 3073:. Retrieved 3069: 3057: 3038: 3026:. Retrieved 3007: 2997:– via 2991:. Retrieved 2982: 2973: 2946: 2940: 2930: 2923: 2911:. Retrieved 2891: 2884: 2872:. Retrieved 2863: 2853: 2812:Water portal 2787: 2654: 2608:Main Street, 2606:Pennsylvania 2593: 2559:Philadelphia 2551:Pennsylvania 2540:, 1877-1969 2490:Philadelphia 2487:Pennsylvania 2472:median strip 2438:Philadelphia 2430:Pennsylvania 2425: 2398:Philadelphia 2393:Pennsylvania 2361:Philadelphia 2351:Pennsylvania 2345: 2334: 2297:Eagles Park, 2242:Plaza Blocks 2176: 2155:, architect 2101:, architect 2031: 2024: 1917:, architect 1877:Simon Benson 1864:, architect 1774:, architect 1710:116th Street 1641: 1577:The granite 1574:For people. 1531: 1507:Merrell Gage 1369:, architect 1337: 1313:, architect 1186: 1086:, architect 1044: 1005:Audubon Park 807:, architect 800:Richard Bock 763:, architect 584: 550:Center Park, 521:, architect 382: 195: 164: 153: 122: 114: 109:Union Square 107:in 1867, in 102: 78: 69: 19: 17: 15: 3445:pacinst.org 3329:January 26, 3101:January 18, 2582:For people 2514:For people 2383:For people 2110:For people 2099:A. E. Doyle 2068:For people 2013:For people 1972:For people 1872:For people 1862:A. E. Doyle 1828:For people 1817:Karl Bitter 1737:For people 1685:Donated by 1630:For people 1521:For people 1500:Kansas City 1455:Mississippi 1406:Palmer Park 1377:For people 1311:Henry Bacon 1182:For people 1084:Edwin Dodge 1010:New Orleans 903:For people 857:For people 837:Bloomington 771:For people 666:For people 590:Connecticut 572:For people 548:Connecticut 499:Connecticut 459:Connecticut 406:Connecticut 390:For people 349:For people 276:For people 167:Karl Bitter 81:Wissahickon 3458:Categories 2845:References 2706:WV Rte. 29 2611:Slatington 2482:Temperance 2463:For people 2375:, foundry 2327:cast iron 1758:Cincinnati 1725:Bruno Zimm 1566:, foundry 1495:Swope Park 1338:Turtle Boy 1305:Sherry Fry 1243:Northfield 1200:Town Park, 941:cast iron 928:Shenandoah 592:The Green, 553:Manchester 514:Lee Lawrie 409:Bridgeport 312:California 273:cast iron 250:California 18:This is a 2965:503446031 2874:March 23, 2751:Milwaukee 2746:Wisconsin 2664:Jefferson 2647:in 1981. 1915:Paul Cret 1835:in 1978. 1789:in 1980. 1700:Fountain 1547:St. Louis 1393:in 1971. 1332:Harvey's 1290:Worcester 1122:Brookline 1002:Louisiana 967:Lexington 951:in 1984. 733:in 2007. 673:in 1977. 595:Waterbury 502:Pope Park 449:in 1985. 298:in 1975. 247:Fountain 220:Sculptor 214:Location 85:pilasters 3469:Plumbing 3242:Archived 3211:, p. 12. 3189:Archived 3046:Archived 3022:Archived 2987:Archived 2907:Archived 2798:See also 2596:(1919). 2302:Roseburg 2249:Portland 2194:Portland 2138:Portland 2085:Portland 2047:Portland 1991:Portland 1952:Portland 1898:Portland 1848:Portland 1823:1908-09 1703:New York 1654:New York 1595:New York 1537:Missouri 1492:Missouri 1403:Michigan 1350:Michigan 1334:Pan-like 989:granite 959:Kentucky 788:Oak Park 785:Illinois 746:Grounds, 709:1882-84 701:Unknown 663:granite 640:Delaware 507:Hartford 331:Unknown 288:Actress 89:pediment 28:fountain 3276:(1910). 3018:WHYY-FM 2711:Pin Oak 2528:at the 2158:1925-26 1460:Natchez 1411:Detroit 1353:Detroit 1228:chief. 1226:Mohican 1188:Othello 1157:Holyoke 869:Indiana 829:Indiana 387:Bronze 229:Medium 50:, 1939. 38:History 2963:  2953:  2899:  2526:gazebo 2295:Oregon 2239:Oregon 2189:Oregon 2130:Oregon 2080:Oregon 2039:Oregon 1986:Oregon 1947:Oregon 1937:exedra 1893:Oregon 1845:Oregon 1805:Dayton 1579:plinth 1065:Boston 877:Delphi 344:bronze 235:Notes 232:Usage 217:Image 3441:(PDF) 3066:(PDF) 2769:1910 2727:1932 2683:1913 2659:Texas 2632:1909 2577:1921 2408:1910 2378:1900 2268:1900 2213:1888 2160:1928 2104:1913 2060:1956 2007:1914 1967:1916 1920:1928 1867:1912 1777:1887 1731:1909 1677:1881 1625:1888 1569:1932 1516:1921 1475:1911 1372:1887 1316:1912 1216:1899 1174:1901 1133:1912 1089:1939 1028:1918 984:1921 938:1912 895:1918 852:1913 766:1874 660:1929 613:1888 567:1909 464:Derby 427:1913 381:1896 270:1875 226:Year 211:Name 158:) in 3331:2017 3103:2019 3077:2020 3030:2020 2995:2020 2961:OCLC 2951:ISBN 2915:2020 2897:ISBN 2876:2005 2870:Home 2505:1876 2456:1908 2335:Hebe 2322:1908 1797:Ohio 1750:Ohio 1689:and 1642:Hebe 1583:Zuni 1430:1901 1260:1909 923:Iowa 810:1909 524:1913 479:1906 339:1879 189:and 177:and 87:and 22:. A 2032:Joy 1935:An 1708:at 1340:." 1203:Lee 66:'." 32:tap 3460:: 3443:. 3425:. 3207:, 3134:🖉 3120:. 3115:🖉 3094:. 3068:. 3020:. 3016:. 2981:. 2959:. 2905:. 2866:. 2862:. 2348:" 1644:: 1534:" 1307:) 1109:. 1047:" 587:" 538:. 185:, 173:, 169:, 99:". 3333:. 3105:. 3079:. 3032:. 3001:. 2967:. 2917:. 2878:. 2556:, 2532:. 2358:, 2344:" 2244:, 2135:, 2044:, 2034:) 2030:( 1802:, 1755:, 1712:, 1659:, 1600:, 1544:, 1530:" 1497:, 1408:, 1287:, 1062:, 1043:" 1007:, 964:, 874:, 834:, 583:" 504:, 317:,

Index

drinking fountain
fountain
tap

Oklahoma City

Pro bono publico
Esto perpetua
drinking fountains in Philadelphia
Wissahickon
pilasters
pediment
Pro bono publico
Esto perpetua
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
Union Square
National Humane Alliance fountains
Temperance Movement
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
temperance fountains
Sons of Temperance
1876 Centennial Exposition
Independence Hall
Henry D. Cogswell
Kohler Company
Kohler, Wisconsin
Karl Bitter
Alexander Stirling Calder
Gutzon Borglum
Daniel Chester French

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