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384:, as the female leaves after depositing her eggs. Females typically lay around 150 to 200 eggs in groups of 10 to 40 on the underside of leaves of maple trees and occasionally oak trees. Females typically only reproduce once, but in southern regions they can lay eggs up to three times. Egg laying typically occurs in the warmer months, with a peak in July, although precise timing depends on the region. In northern regions, one brood is laid between May and August. Further south, two broods are laid between April and September. In Florida, between March and October three broods are laid.
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instars, the head becomes yellow, and in the final instar, becomes bright red. By the final instar, the body is yellow green with longitudinal stripes that range from white to green to black. The two prominent horns on the second thoracic segment are accompanied by two rows of short spines found along both sides of the body. At maturity, the caterpillars reach lengths of about 2 inches. Until the fourth instar, the larvae live and feed together, but in their final two instars they are
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363:, the larvae feed together in groups, but beginning in the third or fourth instar the caterpillars begin to feed individually. The larvae eat the entire leaf blade and are capable of consuming a few leaves each. Thus, large populations of greenstriped mapleworms are capable of defoliating trees. This damage is mostly harmless and the leaves will grow back. As with all Saturniidae, adult rosy maple moths do not feed.
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Adult rosy maple moths are distinguishable by their bright pink and yellow color, although exact coloration can vary significantly. Both sexes have a wingspan of 32–55 mm. Their bodies are woolly, and typically yellow on the top and pink on the underside, but can range to cream or white. Their
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in shallow underground chambers. The pupae are very dark, elongated, and have small spines. The pupa ends in a small forked point. The pupal stage lasts at least two weeks and up to the whole winter. If the moths pupate over winter, the majority of their lives are spent in the pupal stage. When the
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are known as greenstriped mapleworms, and they undergo five instars prior to adulthood, during which their coloration and eating behavior changes. In early instars, the larvae have relatively large black heads and pale yellow-green bodies with faint green stripes. They have two large dark-green to
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The rosy maple moth is the smallest of the silk moths; males have a wingspan of 3.2 to 4.4 centimetres (1.25-1.75 in); females of 3.8 to 5 centimetres (1.5–2 in). The species can be identified by their unique, but varying, pink and yellow coloration. They have reddish-to-pink legs and
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around 6–11 days after hatching, their second molt approximately 12 days after hatching, and their third molt around 19 days post hatching. In the next instars, the black head becomes smaller relative to the diameter of the body and the longitudinal stripes darken and become reddish. In later
546:, that is males and females have different appearances. In the case of the rosy maple moth, males have narrower and less rounded wings. Additionally, while females have simple antennae, males have bipectinate (comb-like on both sides) antennae to sense females'
534:. The bright coloration of the wings may serve as a defense mechanism to trick predators into thinking they are poisonous and not edible. The colouration of this moth rather surprisingly acts as a form of camouflage, blending it in with maple seed cases.
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during mating. The moths become sexually mature at 2 to 9 months of age. Mating occurs at night, when females release pheromones to attract males. Fertilization occurs internally, and females lay their eggs 24 hours after mating. The moths are
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The rosy maple moths preferentially lay their eggs on maple trees, and sometimes nearby oak trees. Since the larvae remain on the same tree upon which they hatched, most larvae feed on the underside of maple leaves or oak leaves. In early
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Individual rosy maple moths typically live for about two to nine months. Between hatching and adulthood, the species undergoes five instars. For moths with longer life spans, much of this time is spent as a pupa over the winter months.
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Eggs are laid 24 hours after fertilization. The eggs are ovular and about 1.4 mm in diameter, with a thin smooth yellow shell. Eggs hatch after about ten days to two weeks. After hatching, a transparent egg shell is left behind.
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As the common name of the species implies, the preferred host trees are maple trees. Adult females lay their yellow ovular eggs in groups of 10 to 40 on the underside of maple leaves. The emerging caterpillars, also known as the
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in the soil beneath the same tree. The larvae primarily eat the underside of leaves, therefore preferentially staying in that location of their home tree. The adults do not eat, so they can have a sizeable home range.
222:. Since the caterpillars eat the entire leaf blade, in dense populations, caterpillars have been known to defoliate trees, resulting in aesthetic rather than permanent damage. However, like all other
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573:, the prevalence of the rosy maple moth was found to vary with changes in temperature, with highest counts at the highest temperature, perhaps due to the tropical origin of the subfamily
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forests and nearby suburban areas and urban landscapes. Their common name derives from the fact that they can primarily be found on maple trees, including red maples (
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in 1793. The species is known for its wooly body and pink and yellow coloration, which varies from cream or white to bright pink or yellow. Males have bushier
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555:: females find a new male to mate with each time during breeding season when multiple broods are laid per season in warmer regions.
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699:"The Life Histories of Certain Moths of the Families Ceratocampidœ, Hemileucidœ, etc., with Notes on the Armature of the Larvœ"
380:. During those 24 hours, the eggs are protected inside the body of the female. Besides this, rosy maple moths exhibit little
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legs and antennae are also pink. The forewings can be yellow to white with varying amounts of pink along the edges. The
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antennae, yellow bodies and hindwings, and pink forewings with a triangular yellow band across the middle.
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The Wild Silk Moths of North
America: A Natural History of the Saturniidae of the United States and Canada
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The rosy maple moth lives across the eastern and northern United States and adjacent regions of
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when they become solitary. Adult rosy maple moths are mostly solitary besides during mating.
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980:"Diel flight periodicity and the evolution of auditory defences in the Macrolepidoptera"
787:"Biology, Injury, and Management of Maple Tree Pests in Nurseries and Urban Landscapes"
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The predators of the rosy maple moth and larvae mostly consist of birds including
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Adults become active in the warmer months of the year. In a study that compared
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255:. Their northernmost range includes the southern regions of Canada, including
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920:"Auburn University Entomology and Plant Pathology | Greenstriped Mapleworm"
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D., Frank, S.; E., Klingeman, W.; A., White, S.; A., Fulcher (2013-03-01).
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606:. Vol. 3. Part 1. Copenhagen: C. G. Proft, Fil. et Soc. p. 429.
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275:. Their range extends south along the Atlantic coast of North America to
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After about a month, full-grown caterpillars crawl to the bottom of the
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866:(F.), Lepidoptera: Saturniidae | NC State Extension Publications"
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1029:"Effect of Temperature Variables on Ultraviolet Trap Catches of
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hatch and live on the same tree through their development, then
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954:. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Archived from
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Tuskes, Paul M.; Tuttle, James P.; Collins, Michael M. (1996).
329:), especially when they are found dispersed among maple trees.
455:, on each side of their body. The larvae undergo their first
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762:(Fabricius, 1793) | Butterflies and Moths of North America"
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Caterpillars live and feed in groups until the fourth
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Female rosy maple moths lay their eggs one day after
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Rosy maple moths are the smallest of the silk moths
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850:. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.
703:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
924:Auburn University Entomology and Plant Pathology
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194:than females, which allow them to sense female
295:The rosy maple moth can be found in temperate
1037:(Saturniidae) in Wayne National Forest, Ohio"
451:segment and three rows of smaller spines, or
182:, also known as the great silk moths. It was
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978:Fullard, James H.; Napoleone, Nadia (2001).
817:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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206:, mainly feed on the leaves of their host
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802:
604:Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta
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1044:Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
844:Service, United States Forest (1985).
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737:Butterflies and Moths of North America
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791:Journal of Integrated Pest Management
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598:Fabricius, Johan Christian (1793).
226:moths, the adult moths do not eat.
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946:Wilson, Louis F. (August 1971).
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391:Life cycle of a rosy maple moth
1:
948:"The Green-striped Mapleworm"
333:Home range and territoriality
898:. Cornell University Press.
697:Packard, Alpheus S. (1893).
174:, is a small North American
1027:Bailey, Michael J. (2007).
952:Forest Insect & Disease
766:www.butterfliesandmoths.org
1396:
847:Insects of Eastern Forests
862:"Greenstriped mapleworm,
542:Rosy maple moths exhibit
317:), and box elder maples (
188:Johan Christian Fabricius
144:
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39:Scientific classification
37:
28:
23:
1375:Moths described in 1793
1050:: 21–27. Archived from
528:black-capped chickadees
1380:Moths of North America
999:10.1006/anbe.2001.1753
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435:
434:Greenstriped mapleworm
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204:greenstriped mapleworm
510:subspecies, found in
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1082:at Wikimedia Commons
870:content.ces.ncsu.edu
669:Animal Diversity Web
277:Dade County, Florida
273:Prince Edward Island
1168:Dryocampa-rubicunda
1158:Dryocampa_rubicunda
1144:Dryocampa rubicunda
1114:Dryocampa rubicunda
1093:Dryocampa rubicunda
1079:Dryocampa rubicunda
864:Dryocampa rubicunda
760:Dryocampa rubicunda
731:Dryocampa rubicunda
663:Dryocampa rubicunda
167:Dryocampa rubicunda
148:Dryocampa rubicunda
1035:Dryocampa rubicund
665:(rosy maple moth)"
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311:), silver maples (
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1342:Open Tree of Life
1106:Taxon identifiers
1076:Media related to
758:"Rosy maple moth
544:sexual dimorphism
305:), sugar maples (
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130:D. rubicunda
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559:Thermoregulation
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314:Acer saccharinum
247:Geographic range
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565:D. rubicunda
564:
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320:Acer negundo
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216:silver maple
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198:for mating.
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18:
1370:Saturniidae
1316:NatureServe
1251:iNaturalist
1138:Wikispecies
1031:Actais luna
797:(1): 1–14.
570:Actias luna
426:Caterpillar
372:Oviposition
302:Acer rubrum
291:Sugar maple
269:Nova Scotia
230:Description
220:sugar maple
208:maple trees
180:Saturniidae
106:Saturniidae
96:Lepidoptera
1364:Categories
929:2017-10-03
875:2017-10-03
771:2017-10-03
674:2017-10-03
585:References
548:pheromones
408:Life cycle
196:pheromones
76:Arthropoda
579:nocturnal
524:blue jays
518:Predators
476:tree and
445:tubercles
297:deciduous
224:Saturniid
212:red maple
156:Fabricius
124:Species:
117:Dryocampa
62:Kingdom:
56:Eukaryota
1321:2.111005
1290:LepIndex
1269:11098379
1199:BugGuide
1175:BioLib:
1165:BAMONA:
1123:Wikidata
1007:53182157
742:28 April
600:"Bombyx"
512:Missouri
485:(adult)
462:solitary
449:thoracic
349:Behavior
192:antennae
102:Family:
72:Phylum:
66:Animalia
52:Domain:
1243:1865862
1129:Q137502
487:ecloses
361:instars
354:Feeding
283:Habitat
257:Ontario
158:, 1793)
112:Genus:
92:Order:
86:Insecta
82:Class:
1347:755898
1334:119254
1282:936177
1230:503873
1178:704276
1005:
902:
715:982828
713:
538:Mating
530:, and
478:pupate
443:black
440:larvae
402:instar
342:pupate
338:Larvae
271:, and
261:Quebec
253:Canada
218:, and
170:, the
1295:65477
1264:IRMNG
1256:48094
1217:37V6Z
1191:18650
1055:(PDF)
1040:(PDF)
1014:(PDF)
1003:S2CID
983:(PDF)
711:JSTOR
567:with
501:Adult
483:imago
453:setae
1329:NCBI
1308:7715
1303:MONA
1277:ITIS
1238:GBIF
1186:BOLD
1033:and
900:ISBN
819:link
744:2014
508:alba
474:host
468:Pupa
457:molt
417:Eggs
176:moth
1225:EoL
1212:CoL
1204:466
1153:ADW
995:doi
799:doi
186:by
1366::
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