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of
Inventist filed a patent application for a seatless electric unicycle (associated with the "Solowheel" product launched in February 2011), which uses flat pedals to stand on and leg contact surfaces to allow for stable, precise control in lieu of a seat. In Oct 2010 Focus Designs published a video
219:
Popularity came around the same time as Begode (formerly known as Gotway) released their M super line. This evolved into the MSX & MSP models and eventually into the RS model. Around this time
Veteran stepped on to the scene for the first time with their road wheel the Sherman. In 2020,
105:
Electric unicycles come in varying speeds, battery capacities, and motor wattages. Low-end models may have speeds up to 15mph and ranges of 10-15 miles, while advanced models being introduced in 2024 can reach 60mph and over 100 miles per charge.
144:
was granted a patent for a "vehicle having a single supporting and driving wheel" in 1964 after some 25 years of experimentation. In 1977 Charles
Gabriel presented an electric unicycle that resembles the design of today's devices.
316:
322:
320:
317:
216:
By the turn of the decade, several
Chinese manufacturers dominate the market and continue to release EUC models with higher top speeds (above 75 km/h or 46 mph), and longer range batteries.
321:
94:, electric unicycles are self-balancing in a forward and backward direction, with side-to-side (lateral) stability being provided by human steering motions that tilt or twist the unit, similar to
140:
was patented in 1869 by
Richard C. Hemming with a pedal-power unit patented in 1885. Various motorized monowheels were developed and demonstrated during the 1930s without commercial success and
1060:
319:
184:
Early units had a seat, which limited how much the unit could be tilted, but this was resolved with the transition to seatless units that could be tilted much more. In March 2010
1171:
Ulyanov, S. V.; et al. (1998). "Soft computing for the intelligent robust control of a robotic unicycle with a new physical measure for mechanical controllability".
1052:
614:
1145:
1013:
426:, a ridable single-axis self-balancing unicycle with an unusually low centre of gravity, with its rider in front of, rather than on top of its single wheel
1059:
Ben S. Cazzolato, David Keith
Caldecott, Andrew John Edwards, Matthew Anthony Haynes, Miroslav Jerbic, Andrew Christopher Kadis and Rhys James J. Madigan
978:
66:. The rider controls speed by leaning forwards or backwards, and steers by twisting or tilting the unit side to side. The self-balancing mechanism uses
318:
173:, which incorporated a hub-motor, a Lithium-Ion Battery and a novel steering mechanism where the wheel pivoted independent of the main chassis.
1296:
1217:
303:
684:
948:
759:
1248:
1025:
Ruan, Jian-Wei Zhao; Xiao-Gang (1 September 2011). "Modelling and
Control of a Flexible Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Mobile Robot".
154:
809:
390:
95:
855:
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212:
was worn due to higher top speed with newer EUC models. The man in a red jacket on the left was riding a suspension-model.
209:
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1017:
476:
Ab Ghani, Suliana; Rashid, M.I.M.; Sulaiman, Mohd Herwan; Noor, M.K.M.; Subari, Norazian; Ramli, Noor Lina (2016-04-01).
731:
785:
193:
patented a "self-propelled unicycle engageable with vehicle", intended for last-mile commuters. Segway launched their
1235:
1276:
592:
Kadis, A., D. Caldecott, A. Edwards, M. Jerbic, R. Madigan, M. Haynes, B. Cazzolato, and Z. Prime (December 2010).
169:. This approach was further refined by a group of engineering students at the University of Adelaide who developed
74:. Most manufacturers of EUCs are based out of China, including Segway, Inmotion, Kingsong, Begode, and Leaperkim.
454:
291:
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demonstrated a functional self-balancing unicycle, using a control-mechanism similar to that used by the
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608:
157:
announced a conceptual design for such a device used as a sport vehicle, the Embrio. In
September 2004
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59:
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237:
593:
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727:
449:
190:
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Sheng, Zaiquan; Yamafuji, Kazuo (1995). "Realization of a human riding a unicycle by a robot".
247:
A self-balancing unicycle was described in 1969 in "The Man From R.O.B.O.T.", a short story by
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703:
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and Gotway. After suspension, companies began to work on higher speeds and motor voltages.
944:
248:
241:
236:
A motorized, gyroscopically balanced unicycle was described in 1940 in the short story "
977:
Daniel R. Gilman "Riding an EUC β From Never-Ever to Expert β A Detailed
Written Guide
574:
180:
The
Micycle in 2010 with its steering mechanism, hub motor and lithium-ion battery pack
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1270:
923:
477:
439:
67:
35:
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Proc. of the 2010 Australasian Conference on Robotics & Automation (ACRA 2010)
371:
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812:, Vol. LXXXIII, No. 5, July 1969, pp. 120-151. Illustrations by Peter Skirka.
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102:. Many electric unicycles have suspension, either operated by air or springs.
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516:
1202:
Proceedings of 1995 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation
530:
503:
221:
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137:
131:
71:
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Learn To Ride An EUC - A Detailed Written Guide - From Never-Ever To Expert
1184:
1121:"The Lyapunov-Malkin Theorem and Stabilization of the Unicycle with Rider"
1003:
986:
200:
685:"Solowheel self-balancing unicycle is as easy to ride as it is to afford"
434:
414:
87:
63:
17:
403:, which looks like a self-balancing unicycle, but balances on a powered
194:
443:
384:
987:"A Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot with the Fuzzy PD Control Method"
189:
of an electric unicycle with hub motor and a seat. Late in 2015, the
91:
1146:"Matching and Stabilization of Low-dimensional Nonholonomic Systems"
1097:
176:
895:"King Song - Redefining Personal Electric Transportation Vehicles"
175:
98:. The control of a unicycle can be considered to be similar to an
29:
671:"Powered single-wheeled self-balancing vehicle for standing user"
1012:
TomaΕ‘iΔ, Tomislav; Demetlika, Andrea; CrnekoviΔ, Mladen (2012).
704:"Top 10 Best Electric Unicycles of 2024 - Ultimate Buying Guide"
387:, a mobile robot designed to balance on a single spherical wheel
985:
Wu, Junfeng; Zhang, Wanying; Wang, Shengda (26 November 2012).
531:"One-wheeled motorcycles: As cool as they are wildly dangerous"
786:"Know this before buying a Veteran Sherman Electric Unicycle"
1261:
1027:
International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications
894:
594:"Modelling, simulation and control of an electric unicycle"
1238:
Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University, California, 1987
822:
1144:
Zenkov, DV; Bloch, AM; Leonard, NE; Marsden, JE (2000).
208:
riders participating in a group ride in San Francisco.
760:"Ford Patent Could Transform Your Car Into A Unicycle"
478:"Self balancing unicycle controlled by using arduino"
1016:. Transactions of FAMENA. p. 23. Archived from
1236:Design and test of a computer stabilized unicycle
1249:Flexible two-wheeled self-balancing mobile robot
482:ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
27:Self-balancing single wheel personal transporter
924:"Leaperkim Veteran Sherman-S Electric Unicycle"
8:
1251:, 9th IFAC Symposium on Robot Control (2009)
1051:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
613:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1119:Zenkov, DV; Bloch, AM; Marsden, JE (2001).
220:suspension EUCs were revealed by Inmotion,
810:ANALOG β Science Fiction/Science Fact
629:"Trevor Blackwell (Anybots) meets the SBU"
1087:
1002:
199:
113:
971:Research papers (in reverse date order)
468:
263:
1044:
606:
7:
1014:"Self-balancing mobile robot tilter"
991:Mathematical Problems in Engineering
38:(Paris without cars), September 2015
1204:. Vol. 2. pp. 1319β1326.
1061:Micycle - A Self-Balancing Unicycle
758:Read, Richard (December 29, 2015).
650:"EUC: Turning by tilting the wheel"
351:Begode (previously known as Gotway)
739:Self Balancing Unicycle (SBU) V2.0
25:
165:and published the designs as the
858:from the original on 2019-07-29.
766:. Internet Brns Automotive Group
333:
314:
302:
290:
278:
266:
951:from the original on 2018-10-01
905:from the original on 2002-09-22
833:from the original on 2020-11-26
529:Bierend, Doug (24 March 2014).
504:Improvement in velocipede, 1869
391:Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics
96:Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics
1063:, University of Adelaide, 2010
1:
1137:10.1016/s0167-6911(01)00187-6
1297:One-wheeled balancing robots
1069:"Unicycles and bifurcations"
702:Depp, Ornaldo (2023-10-08).
659:– via www.youtube.com.
638:– via www.youtube.com.
34:Self-balancing unicycles at
1159:: 1289β1295. Archived from
1125:Systems and Control Letters
1076:American Journal of Physics
736:focusdesigns (2010-10-11),
488:(7): 4239β4244 – via
121:demonstrates his prototype.
1313:
285:Airwheel with double-wheel
129:
1210:10.1109/ROBOT.1995.526027
1039:10.1504/IJSCC.2011.042438
297:Front view of a solowheel
197:model in November 2017.
708:Outdoor Products Review
430:Self-balancing unicycle
1067:Johnson, R.C. (2002).
455:B.C.'s Quest for Tires
410:Inertia wheel pendulum
213:
181:
122:
58:) is a self-balancing
46:(often initialized as
39:
1292:Personal transporters
1262:The Electric Unicycle
1185:10.1007/s005000050036
203:
179:
126:Early experimentation
117:
33:
852:"Inmotion: About Us"
328:Video of unit in use
60:personal transporter
36:'Paris sans Voiture'
1004:10.1155/2012/469491
562:US Patent 4,109,741
549:US Patent 3,145,797
419:electric skateboard
238:The Roads Must Roll
764:The Car Connection
450:B.C. (comic strip)
214:
191:Ford Motor Company
182:
123:
40:
1277:Electric vehicles
1234:A. Schoonwinkel,
1219:978-0-7803-1965-3
517:US Patent 325,548
323:
206:motorized scooter
149:Commercialisation
100:inverted pendulum
44:electric unicycle
16:(Redirected from
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372:Segway β Ninebot
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159:Trevor Blackwell
142:Charles F Taylor
119:Trevor Blackwell
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790:oneradwheel.com
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242:Robert Heinlein
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231:Popular culture
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50:or acronymized
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1173:Soft Computing
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1166:on 2003-06-27.
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1033:(3): 330β355.
1022:
1020:on 2014-02-09.
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68:accelerometers
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1107:on 2016-01-05
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1082:(7): 589β92.
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1179:(2): 73β88.
1176:
1172:
1161:the original
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1128:
1124:
1109:. Retrieved
1102:the original
1079:
1075:
1047:cite journal
1030:
1026:
1018:the original
994:
990:
976:
953:. Retrieved
945:"Segway Z10"
939:
927:. Retrieved
918:
907:. Retrieved
898:
889:
877:. Retrieved
873:
864:
846:
835:. Retrieved
826:
817:
805:
794:. Retrieved
789:
780:
770:10 September
768:. Retrieved
763:
753:
743:, retrieved
738:
728:Ghostarchive
726:Archived at
722:
711:. Retrieved
707:
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653:. Retrieved
644:
632:. Retrieved
623:
609:cite journal
600:
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511:
498:
490:ResearchGate
485:
481:
471:
442:, a sort of
417:, a sort of
309:Traffic sign
226:
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215:
183:
166:
152:
135:
104:
81:
64:single wheel
55:
51:
47:
43:
41:
1282:Cycle types
929:25 February
879:25 February
870:"Solowheel"
655:25 February
634:25 February
575:"Hot Wheel"
340:The Micycle
171:The Micycle
84:hoverboards
82:Similar to
1287:Unicycling
1271:Categories
1111:2007-10-14
955:2021-10-11
909:2021-10-11
837:2021-10-11
796:2020-11-15
745:2018-10-07
713:2023-11-23
464:References
424:RIOT wheel
405:Omni wheel
401:Honda U3-X
365:Leaperkim
186:Shane Chen
155:Bombardier
130:See also:
72:gyroscopes
1153:Proc. CDC
1084:CiteSeerX
448:Wheel in
368:Rockwheel
358:Inventist
167:Eunicycle
163:Segway PT
153:In 2003,
138:monowheel
132:Monowheel
88:Onewheels
78:Operation
18:Eunicycle
1193:17955504
997:: 1β13.
949:Archived
903:Archived
856:Archived
831:Archived
823:"Begode"
730:and the
689:Wngadget
435:Unicycle
415:Onewheel
378:See also
362:Kingsong
354:InMotion
222:Kingsong
204:EUC and
1228:7280130
444:dicycle
385:Ballbot
260:Gallery
251:author
110:History
92:Segways
62:with a
1226:
1216:
1191:
1086:
579:Forbes
90:, and
1243:Other
1224:S2CID
1189:S2CID
1164:(PDF)
1149:(PDF)
1105:(PDF)
1072:(PDF)
597:(PDF)
535:Wired
240:" by
1214:ISBN
1053:link
995:2012
931:2024
881:2024
772:2016
657:2024
636:2024
615:link
70:and
52:yuke
1206:doi
1181:doi
1133:doi
1094:doi
1035:doi
999:doi
440:Uno
210:PPE
56:Uni
54:or
48:EUC
42:An
1273::
1222:.
1212:.
1187:.
1175:.
1157:39
1155:.
1151:.
1129:45
1127:.
1123:.
1092:.
1080:66
1078:.
1074:.
1049:}}
1045:{{
1029:.
993:.
989:.
947:.
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854:.
829:.
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788:.
762:.
734::
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687:.
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