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machine is the same as that of the human organs of speech, the several parts being worked by strings and levers instead of tendons and muscles.' Another account by London theater manager John
Hollingshead described the experience as both sad and depressing: "It wanted little imagination to make the very few visitors believe that the figure contained an imprisoned human - or half human - being, bound to speak slowly when tormented by the unseen power outside," and that "no one thought for a moment that they were being fooled by a second edition of the
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The
Euphonia was exhibited with a female mask covering the mechanical mouth, tongue, and jaw and at times with a dress hanging below the mask, the Euphonia would perform for audiences, pretending to respond to or mimic the words of the keyboard operator. During its appearance in London, the automaton
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explained "that sixteen levers or keys 'like those of a piano' projected sixteen elementary sounds by which 'every word in all
European languages can be distinctly produced.' A seventeenth key opened and closed the equivalent of the glottis, an aperture between the vocal cords. 'The plan of the
133:. By pressing the keys on the keyboard, a human operator produced sounds that inflated the bellows and caused the mechanical mouth to open, the mechanical tongue to be lifted, and the mechanical jaws to move. Able to produce sentences in English, French, and German, the Euphonia was reported by
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The
Euphonia was not a novel contraption since it was similar to other automatons invented, particularly those that followed the general mechanics of serial assembly and the specific method of decomposing and reconstituting language through mechanized "scansion". A related technology was
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A mechanical device that he had reportedly spent over twenty-five years developing, Faber's "Fabulous
Talking Machine" was constructed of several different mechanisms and instruments: a
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machine, which was invented a year prior to
Euphonia's debut. It was, however, designed with a different function, which was to produce hexameters instead of sound.
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who renamed the talking machine "Euphonia", which was a striking, if probably coincidental, token of its ideological resemblance to
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to speak all three with a German accent, a fact attributed to the native language (German) of the inventor. It was
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created in the early to mid-nineteenth century by the
Austrian inventor Joseph Faber and exhibited in 1845 in
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393:"Text-To-Speech in 1846 Involved a Talking Robotic Head With Ringlets"
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In describing the
Euphonia, the 19th century American scientist
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Nineteenth-Century Verse and
Technology: Machines of Meter
234:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 214.
285:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 123.
405:"Joseph Henry Lays the Groundwork for the Telephone"
129:, and a mechanical replica of the human throat and
230:Hankins, Thomas L.; Silverman, Robert J. (1999).
417:"Joseph Faber's Amazing Talking Machine of 1845"
357:American Heritage of Invention & Technology
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453:1840s establishments in the Austrian Empire
170:was also presented as a man dressed like a
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
32:This article includes a list of general
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147:' utopia, which bore the same name.
359:(Summer 1997 ed.). p. 57.
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38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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391:Nugent, Addison (March 9, 2016).
458:Products introduced in the 1840s
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343:Smithsonian Institution Archives
336:"Joseph Henry and the Telephone"
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232:Instruments and the Imagination
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309:Hall, Jason David (2017).
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59:March 2016
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