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Later in the 21st century, it was suggested the goal of the Europa
Orbiter should have been to find places where the freshest sub-surface material had been brought to the surface. This location would then be the target of a lander which could study what would hopefully be subsurface material, without
298:
A 2002 paper noted the following challenges for this mission: "substantial energy required for a direct trajectory, the long duration of the mission, the high total-radiation dose, and the need for radioisotope thermoelectric generators". One mission plan involved first entering Jovian orbit, then
205:, that was cancelled in 2002. Its main objectives included determining the presence or absence of a subsurface ocean and identifying candidate sites for future lander missions. Europa Orbiter received pre-project funding in 1998, and resulted from NASA's Fire and Ice project.
579:
Committee on
Planetary and Lunar Exploration; Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications; Space Studies Board; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences; National Research Council (2000).
222:
in 2003. This would have meant an arrival at
Jupiter in 2007, at which time it would commence in a three-part science tour focused on Europa. The spacecraft would be radiation hardened to survive a predicted 4
213:
Europa
Orbiter was a design for a mission to the Jovian moon Europa, based on a 900 kg (2,000 lb) orbiter, of which 500 kg (1,100 lb) was fuel for maneuvers. It would have been powered by
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The science payload would include a radar to determine the thickness of ice at Europa, and determine what was below it. Other instruments would be an
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Heaton, Andrew F.; Strange, Nathan J.; Longuski, James M.; Bonfiglio, Eugene P. (2002). "Automated Design of the Europa
Orbiter Tour".
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Another aspect that has been noted was that this concept was studied about three years leading up to its cancellation in 2002. After
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In 1999, NASA issued an announcement of opportunity that solicited experiments for Europa
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The results of the studies on the Europa
Orbiter have been conducive to the
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258:(EJSM) that was slated for launch in 2020. EJSM was cancelled in 2011.
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Comparison of notional NASA missions targeting
Jupiter's moon Europa.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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to help it to enter the orbit of Europa with less rocket fuel.
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The Europa
Orbiter-concept should not be confused with the
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Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
824:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 339.
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Europa – The Ocean Moon: Search For An Alien
Biosphere
792:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 339.
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Europa – The Ocean Moon: Search For An Alien Biosphere
625:"Galileo buzzes Europa | Science Mission Directorate"
269:(ESA) which was finally superseded by the EJSM, too.
660:"Galileo buzzes Europa; Science Mission Directorate"
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606:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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31:Cancelled NASA orbiter mission to Europa
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299:use multiple gravity assists from the
1380:List of geological features on Europa
1107:Europa Jupiter System Mission-Laplace
283:The next NASA mission to Jupiter was
216:Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
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218:(RTG) power and launched from the
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735:Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets
510:The Europa Orbiter Mission Design
48:An artist's impression of NASA's
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710:"Europa orbiter mission concept"
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1122:Jupiter Magnetospheric Orbiter
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280:-like sample return mission.
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26:Europa Jupiter System Mission
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522:"NASA Kills Europa Orbiter"
107:900 kg (2,000 lb)
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1020:Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer
786:Richard Greenberg (2004).
470:List of NASA cancellations
180:Planetary Science Division
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263:Jovian Europa Orbiter
99:Spacecraft properties
18:Jovian Europa Orbiter
712:. NASA. 8 July 2002.
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239:Pluto Kuiper Express
1585:Missions to Jupiter
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873:Spacecraft missions
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534:on 10 February 2002
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741:(1): 17–22.
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692:. Retrieved
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536:. Retrieved
532:the original
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440:Falcon Heavy
355:Time Period
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634:15 February
538:26 February
197:mission to
125:Launch date
104:Launch mass
1569:Categories
1426:Pioneer 11
1421:Pioneer 10
1091:Cancelled,
897:Pioneer 10
694:7 December
497:References
339:Comparison
1497:Cancelled
1439:Voyager 2
1432:Voyager 1
1174:Pioneer H
1159:Laplace-P
1047:Tianwen-4
918:Voyager 1
773:0022-4650
602:cite book
527:Space.com
408:2008–2011
385:2004–2005
369:1999–2002
361:Launcher
232:altimeter
86:Cancelled
1249:Callisto
1244:Ganymede
1093:concepts
1012:En route
985:(active)
967:Orbiters
448:See also
225:megarads
201:'s Moon
73:Operator
1470:Planned
1446:Galileo
1346:Craters
1321:Geology
1185:Trident
1169:OKEANOS
1069:(2020s)
1066:Shensuo
1001:Galileo
975:Galileo
934:Ulysses
877:Jupiter
743:Bibcode
662:. NASA.
421:, etc.
419:Atlas V
388:Fission
209:History
199:Jupiter
154:orbiter
68:orbiter
1488:(2024)
1480:(2023)
1313:Europa
1239:Europa
1083:(2036)
1075:(2025)
1050:(2029)
1042:(2024)
884:Flybys
828:
796:
771:
590:
358:Power
319:Legacy
312:lineae
241:, and
203:Europa
152:Europa
133:Rocket
66:Europa
1542:Other
1368:Lists
1359:Cilix
1354:Pwyll
1179:SMARA
1003:Probe
435:Solar
431:2015–
352:Name
24:, or
1549:Life
1414:Past
1134:FIRE
1101:Argo
982:Juno
826:ISBN
794:ISBN
769:ISSN
696:2016
636:2017
608:link
588:ISBN
540:2009
403:EJSM
286:Juno
276:, a
195:NASA
189:The
128:2003
77:NASA
875:to
759:hdl
751:doi
411:RTG
372:RTG
1571::
1227:Io
904:11
808:^
767:.
757:.
749:.
739:39
737:.
686:.
627:.
616:^
604:}}
600:{{
565:^
548:^
524:.
417:,
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245:.
20:,
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1298:t
1291:v
925:2
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858:t
851:v
834:.
802:.
775:.
761::
753::
745::
723:.
698:.
673:.
649:.
638:.
610:)
596:.
559:.
542:.
405:)
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314:.
28:.
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